2022年中考英语形容词和副词考点专练语法复习课件（共有PPT23张）

(共23张PPT)
中考语法复习
专题七 形容词和副词
目录
定义分类
01
考点清单
02
考点知识归纳
03
考点过关
04
中考真题
05
（一） 形容词和副词
01
1. 形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词。主要用来修饰名词或不定代词。一般置于所修饰的名词之前、不定代词之后。
如：a kind girl, a bright boy, a beautiful horse, someone important, nobody else
2. 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词。
如：She is sitting there quietly.
He runs fast.
Luckily, she got home safely.
形容词和副词在历年中考中都是必考的内容.复习中一定要将此作为重点来练习。
1. Those flowers are very _______________ (beautiful).
2. She is _______________ (kind) than the other two.
3. The population of that city is three times _______________ (large) than that of the small town.
4. Who writes _______________ (careful), Kate or Tom
5. This meeting room is _______________ (big) enough to hold 500 people.
6. The ____________(hard) you work, the _____________ (much) you will learn.
7. In winter, the days are getting ______________ and _______________ (short).
（二）考点知识清单
［考点知识测练］（用所给词的适当形式填空）
beautiful
02
kinder
larger
more carefully
big
harder
more
shorter
shorter
8. He is one of the _______________ (friendly) persons in the class, I think.
9. He is the _______________ (bad) at English of all the subjects.
10. This book is not as _______________ (useful) as that one.
11. The box is too _______________ (heavy) for such a little boy to carry.
12. Changjiang is one of ___________________ (long) rivers in the world.
13. He is _______________ (fat) than any other student in his class.
14. He doesn’t draw as _______________ (well) as his sister does.
15. This is _______________ (happy) day that I have ever had.
friendliest
worst
useful
heavy
the longest
fatter
well
the happiest
［考点知识归纳］
03
03
表一 形容词的基本作用
作用 例句
定语 It’s a beautiful park. 这是一座美丽的公园。
表语 The zoo is interesting.这个动物园有趣。
补语 Who left the window open 谁把窗开着的？
状语 He finally came back, safe and sound. 他最终安然无恙地回来了。
注意 多个形容词排序的记忆口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
即：限定词(冠词、代词、数词等)＋ 描绘性形容词(beautiful、interesting…)＋大小、长短、高低形容词＋形状、年龄、新旧形容词＋颜色、国籍、出处、材料形容词＋用途、类别形容词＋ 中心名词。
例：There is a big round conference table in the hall. 大厅里有一张大的圆会议桌。
表二 形容词后置
情形 例句
修饰不定代词时 There is nothing new in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸没有什么新的东西？
当表语形容词alone, awake, alive, asleep, alike等作定语时 He is the most famous scientist alive in the world today.
他是当今世界上健在的最著名的科学家。
else修饰疑问代词和不定代词 What else do you know
你还知道别的什么？
形容词构成的短语作定语 A man carried a bag full of rice on his back
一个男人肩上扛着满满一袋的米。
表三 副词的种类
分类 举例
时间副词 now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。
频率副词 often, always, usually, seldom, frequently等。
地点、方向副词 away, abroad, anywhere, downstairs, home, here, there等。
方式副词 clearly, carefully, alone, slowly, quickly等。
程度副词 almost, a little, much, very, rather, quite, fairly, deeply等。
疑问连接副词 when, where, why, how等。
否定副词 not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。
其他副词 even, also, only, too, perhaps等。
表四 副词的位置
情形 例句
修饰动词 副词放在实意动词之前,助动词之后。He was walking slowly. 他在慢慢地走。
修饰形容词 副词一般放在形容词之前。The book is quite interesting.这本书是很有趣的。
修饰其他副词 副词一般放在其他副词之前。He runs really fast. 他跑得真快。
频率副词 频率副词(always, often, usually, never, seldom, hardly, 等)要放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。I will never forget such a good friend.我永远不会忘记一位那样的好朋友。
连接副词 或修饰全句 连接副词或修饰整个句子做评论性状语的副词多置于句首，作评注性状语。
Fortunately, he was not drowned and was saved by a kind fisherman.
幸运的是，他没有被淹死而是被善良的渔夫救了起来。
表五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
分类 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节 直接在词尾加er或est tall taller tallest
以e结尾, 先去e,再加er或est nice nicer nicest
辅+元+辅结尾,先双写后辅音,再加er或est hot big hotter bigger hottest
biggest
双音节 辅+y结尾, 改y为i,再加er或est busy early busier earlier busiest
earliest
以形容词加-y构成的副词,加more, most slowly more slowly most slowly
少数双音节形容词既可加-er –est,也可加 more, most common, handsome, polite, quiet, pleasant, tired, stupid, 和以-ow, -er, -le结尾的词narrow, simple, clever 其他双音节,大都在前面加more, most famous more famous most famous
多音节 前面直接加more或most interesting more interesting most interesting
表六 比较级和最高级的不规则变化
助记 原级 比较级 最高级
好 good/well better best
坏 bad/ill/badly worse worst
多 many/much more most
少 little less least
远 far farther 强调距离 fathest
强调距离
further 强调程度 furthest
强调程度
老 old older 强调年龄 oldest
强调年龄
elder 强调次第/长幼 eldest
强调次第/长幼
表七 形容词和副词比较级的用法
结构 意思
as+形容词/副词+as 和..... 一样
Lily is as tall as her brother.
not as/so+形容词/副词+as 不及/不如......
Jack doesn’t work as hard as Tom.
so+形容词/副词+that从句 如此......以致于......
Mary is so kind that everyone likes her.
such+a(an)+形容词+名词 that 如此....以致于
Mary is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.
too+形容词/副词+to do sth. 太......而不能
Kate is too young to drive a car.
形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 足够.......
The hall is large enough to hold 1000 people.
倍数+as+形容词/副词+as 表示倍数
This room is twice bigger than that one.
...形容词/副词比较级+than... 表示比较 Robert is taller than Jim.
表八 形容词和副词最高级的用法
结构 意思
... one of the +最高级+名词复数 最......之一
New York is one of the largest cities in the world.
...最高级+of(in/among)... 最.....
Li Ming is the tallest in our class.
...比较级+thank any other +n.(单数)+of(in/among)... 比......任何一个都......
Li Ming is taller than any other student in our class.
This is /was the+最高级+名词+that定语从句 这是......中......最......的
This is the most exciting news that China is going to hold the 24thWinter Olympics.
...be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+of(in/among)... 这是......中......第几最.....的
The Yellow River is the second longest rivers in China.
注意:
(1) 有的词既是副词又是形容词。
如： fast, late, hard, early, deep
(2) hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词是意为 “困难的;艰苦的;坚硬的”,作副词时意为 “努力地;猛烈地”。Hardly的意思是 “几乎不”, 它和hard的意思完全不同。
如：He studies hard. 他努力学习。
He hardly studies. 他几乎不学习。
(3) 有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。
如：careful→carefully bad→ badly slow→ slowly
(4) 有些单词以“－ly”结尾，但却是形容词而非副词。
如：friendly、lively、lonely、lovely等。
(5) 在比较级前可以用even, a bit, a little, a lot, much, still, far等修饰，表程度。
如：He is far healthier than before.
I write much more words than Sally.
(6) -ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别:-ed形容词一般修饰人，意为“感到…”；-ing形容词一般修饰物，意为“令人…的”。
如：interested /interesting；excited /exciting; frightened /frightening; surprised /surprising等。
(7) 形容词最高级前一般要加the,当其前已有限定词(序数词、物主代词、批示代词或名词所有格等）修饰时， 不用加the; 副词最高级前不加the。
如： The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
1. Bob is _____________ (young) and _____________ (clever) than Fred.
2. Her mother is getting _____________ and _____________ (thin).
3. Li Deming looks _____________ (fat) than the other children after the holidays.
4. Which is _____________ (heavy), the tiger or the monkey
5. Saturday is my _____________ (busy) day in a week.
6. Annie says Sally is the _____________ (nice) person in the world.
7. A dictionary is much _____________________ (expensive) than a story-book.
8. The orange is a little _____________ (big) than the apple, but much _____________ (small) than the watermelon.
9. This park is less _____________ (beautiful) than that one.
10. Football is not so _____________ (popular) as basketball in the USA.
［考点知识过关］
一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空。
04
younger
cleverer
thinner
thinner
fatter
heavier
busiest
nicest
more expensive
bigger
smaller
beautiful
popular
二、 完成句子。
1. 她的卧室比玛丽的稍微干净一些。
Her bedroom is __________ ________ ____________ _____________ Mary’s.
2. 杰克的父亲比母亲大两岁。
Jack’s father is __________ __________ __________ than his mother.
3. 我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。
Our classroom is __________ __________ than theirs.
4. 当心! 这条路越来越危险。
Look out! The road is becoming __________ and __________ __________.
5. 他变得越来越懒惰了。
He is becoming __________ __________ __________.
a
bit
cleaner
than
two
years
older
much
brighter
more
more
dangerous
lazier
and
lazier
6. 数学和语文一样重要。
Math is __________ ______________ __________ Chinese.
7. 所有问题中你的最容易。
Your question is __________ _____________ of all.
8. 你读得越多, 就学得越多。
__________ __________ you read, __________ __________ you will learn.
9. 他的身体状况越来越糟糕。
He is getting _____________ __________ _____________.
10. 他对英语更感兴趣。
He is __________ ______________ in English.
as
important
as
the
easiest
The
more
the
more
worse
and
worse
more
interested
中考真题过关训练
05
1. The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home __________.
A. cheer B. cheerful C. cheerfully D. more cheerful
2. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as __________ as possible for humans.
A. safe B. safer C. safest D. the safest
3. __________ the result was different for Ham and Monkey.
A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckier D. Luckily
4. In the Soviet Union, life was very __________.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
5. He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room __________.
A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless
[中考真题精选］（单项选择）
1. Whose home is __________, Peter’s or Bob’s
A. far B. farer C. farther D. further
2. Please do your homework as __________ as __________.
A. careful; usual B. careful; usually
C.carefully; usual D. carefully; usually
3. How __________ I am!
A. hungry B. hungrier C. hungrily D. more hungrily
4. __________, Sandy passed the Maths exam this time.
A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckly D. Luckily
5. The boy passed the ball to me __________ .
A. quick B. quickly C. quicker D. quickest
[中考考点精练精测］（单项选择）
6. He looks very __________ today.
A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. happily
7. A horse is __________ than a donkey.
A. stronger B. more strong C. less strong D. much more strong
8. Mike is a hard-working boy. He does even __________ than Jim at school.
A. well B. better C. more better D. best
9. It’s very __________ to play with fire.
A. dangerous B. dangerously C. more dangerous D. more dangerously
10. The students have a __________ time at Ann’s birthday party.
A. wonder B. wonders C. wonderful D. wonderfully
Thank you very much