2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题十一 非谓语动词（16张ppt）

(共16张PPT)
专题十一　非谓语动词
近几年安徽中考都没有直接涉及对非谓语动词的考查,但在安徽中考的单项填空、单词拼写的题干设置及书面表达中一般都会涉及非谓语动词,因此在中考复习时考生仍然有必要简单了解这一语法项目。常见非谓语动词的命题点有动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语的用法。
考点一动词不定式
　　动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
1.动词不定式的常见用法:
用法 例句
作主语(通常用it作形式主语) It’s hard to improve English in a short time.在短时间内提高英语是很难的。
作宾语(常见动词有decide,begin,hope,want,wish,plan,agree,learn,ask等) I decided to spend my holiday in the countryside this summer.今年夏天我决定去乡下度假。
作宾语补足语(常见动词有ask,get,need,tell,allow,advise等) Mom asks me to go back home on time every night.妈妈叫我每天晚上准时回家。
作目的状语 To catch the early bus,he gets up very early.为了赶上早班车,他起得很早。
否定形式not to do The teacher told me not to forget to bring my homework.老师告诉我不要忘记带作业。
2.动词不定式作宾语的常见搭配:
want/would like to do sth.想要做某事
wish/hope to do sth.希望做某事
help (to) do sth.帮助做某事
learn to do sth.学习做某事
ask to do sth.要求做某事
expect to do sth.期待做某事
prepare to do sth.准备做某事
agree to do sth.同意做某事
offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
plan to do sth.计划做某事
afford to do sth.有能力做某事
start/begin to do sth.开始做某事
decide to do sth.决定做某事
refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
continue to do sth.继续做某事
promise to do sth.承诺做某事
fail to do sth.未能做某事
3.动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见搭配:
advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
ask sb.to do sth.要求/请求某人做某事
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事
force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事
get sb.to do sth.使/让某人做某事
hate sb.to do sth.讨厌某人做某事
help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事
need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事
order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事
tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事
want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
warn sb.(not) to do sth.告诫某人(不要)做某事
wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事
4.动词不定式的常见句型:
(1)主语+be+certain/happy/glad/pleased/ready/sorry/sure/lucky...+to do sth.
(2)主语+think/make/find/feel...+it+形容词/名词+to do sth.
(3)主语+be+too+形容词+to do sth.
(4)主语+be+not+形容词+enough+to do sth.
(5)It’s+形容词+of/for sb.+to do sth.
(6)It takes sb.some time to do sth.
(7)Why not do sth./Would/Will you please (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth. 和had better (not) do sth.表示向对方提出建议。
(8)主语+feel/listen to/hear/let/make/have/see/watch/look at/help...+宾语+do sth.
动词不定式在使役动词(make,let,have等)和感官动词(feel,listen to,hear,look at,see,watch,notice等)之后作宾语补足语时,不定式需省去to。但当这些词用于被动语态时,to不能省略(let除外)。为了便于掌握,我们可以这样记:
“一感”:feel
“二听”:listen to,hear
“三让”:let,make,have
“四看”:look at,see,watch,notice
考点二动名词
动名词的基本形式是V ing,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1.常见接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:
practice doing sth.练习做某事
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
mind doing sth.介意做某事
finish doing sth.完成做某事
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
suggest doing sth.建议做某事
advise doing sth.建议做某事
avoid doing sth.避免做某事
imagine doing sth.想象做某事
keep doing sth.一直做某事
keep on doing sth.继续做某事
give up doing sth.放弃做某事
put off doing sth.推迟做某事
feel like doing sth.想要做某事
2.常见的既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:
(1)remember to do sth.记得要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
(2)forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
(3)regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(未做)
regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)
(4)try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事
(5)mean to do sth.计划做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
(6)can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
(7)go on to do sth.继续做某事(另一件事)
go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
(8)stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情