外研版英语中考语言基础知识梳理与训练 第7课 八年级上册 Modules 1—3

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第7课 八上 Modules 1—3
课前预热
重点易错单词 1. correct （v.）改正；纠正2. spelling （n.）拼写3. practise （v.）练习4. meaning （n.）意义；意思5. complete （v.）把……填完整6. dictionary （n.）词典；字典7. possible （adj.）可能的8. improve （v.）改进；改善9. population （n.）人口10. especially （adv.）尤其11. university （n.）大学12. mountain （n.）山；山岳13. umbrella （n.）雨伞14. boring （adj.）烦人的；无聊的15. exciting （adj.）令人激动的；使人兴奋的 16. relaxing （adj.）使人放松的17. already （adv.）已经；早已18. careless （adj.）粗心的；不小心的19. against （prep.）（在比赛或战斗中）对（某人或某事物）20. practice （n.）练习21. confident （adj.）自信的22. match （v.）使相配；使成对23. understand （v.）理解；明白24. pronounce （v.）发……的音25. natural （adj.）合理的
一词多义 1. correct（v.）纠正；改正 （adj.）正确的2. sentence（n.）句子；宣判 （v.）宣判3. letter（n.）字母；信件4. key（adj.）关键性的；非常重要的 （n.）钥匙；答案5. time（n.）时间；时；次，回6. miss（v.）错过；惦念；未击中7. mind（n.）思想；想法 （v.）介意；讨厌；反对8. coach（n.）教练；马车；长途汽车9. pass（v.）传递；传送；通过 （n.）通道；通行证
词形变换 1. spell（v.）→ spelling （n.）拼写2. practise（v.）→ practice （n.）练习3. mean（v.）→ meaning （n.）意思→ meaningful （adj.）有意义的4. complete（v.）→ complete （adj.）完整的→ completely （adv.）完整地；完全5. dictionary（n.）→ dictionaries （pl.）字典6. loud（adj.）→ loudly （adv.）大声地7. advice（n.）→ advise （v.）建议8. possible（adj.）→ impossible （反义词）不可能的→ possibly （adv.）可能9. forget（v.）→ remember （反义词）记得10. main（adj.）→ mainly （adv.）主要地11. agree（v.）→ disagree （反义词）不同意→ agreement （n.）同意12. improve（v.）→ improvement （n.）提高；改善13. suggest（v.）→ suggestion （n.）建议；提议14. north（n./adj.）→ south （反义词）南；在南方的15. west（n./adj.）→ east （反义词）东；在东方的16. university（n.）→ universities （pl.）大学17. boring（adj.）→ bored （adj.）感到无聊的18. pleased（adj.）→ please （v.）使满意→ pleasant （adj.）令人满意的→ pleasure （n.）满意；高兴19. enjoy（v.）→ enjoyable （adj.）令人愉快的20. confident（adj.）→ confidence （n.）自信→ more confident （比较级）更自信的→ most confident （最高级）最自信的21. careless（adj.）→ careful （反义词）小心的→ carelessly （adv.）粗心地22. coach（n.）→ coaches （pl.）教练23. usual（adj.）→ usually （adv.）通常地→ unusual （反义词）不寻常的24. better（adj./adv.）→ good/well （原级）好的；好地→ best （最高级）最好的；最好地25. train（v.）→ training （n.）训练
中考词组短语 1. try to do sth. 努力做某事2. as much as possible尽可能多地3. look up查找4. talk about谈论5. speak English说英语6. write down写下7. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事8. get to know开始认识到9. agree with sb. 同意某人10. in the newspaper在报纸上11. on the radio在收音机里12. smile at... 朝……微笑13. ask for advice询求建议14. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事15. as... as... 和……一样……16. in the east of... 在……的东部17. be famous for... 因……有名18. never... or... 从不……也不……19. plenty of大量的20. enjoy/like doing sth. 喜欢做某事21. play against... 和……打比赛22. warm up热身23. beat sb. 打败某人24. be late for迟到25. what a pity真可惜26. cheer sb. on为某人加油27. be pleased with... 对……感到满意的28. all the same仍然；尽管如此29. speak to... 对……说30. pieces of paper纸片31. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事32. in fact事实上33. some day某一天34. a population of... 人口……35. more than超过36. be sure about确信37. never mind没关系38. feel confident感到自信的39. keep fit保持健康40. get lost迷路
中考句型回顾 语法句型 1. It’s taller than many other buildings.它比许多其他的建筑物都高。2. It’s getting bigger and busier ．它正在变得更大、更繁华。3. And staying at home was easier than going to the stadium. 待在家比去体育馆要容易。4. Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis. 没有比打网球更令人愉快的了。5. Watching is not dangerous and it’s more relaxing . 看比赛没什么危险，而且也更加令人放松。6. Some day it will become as busy as Hong Kong, I’m sure． 我确信，有朝一日它会变得和香港一样繁华。7. We all arrive as early as we can so that we have time to warm up．我们都尽可能地早到，以便有时间热身。
功能句型 1. 学英语的建议：① It’s a good idea to look up new words in the dictionary．在词典上查生词是一个不错的主意。②Let’s try to speak English as much as possible. 让我们尽可能多地说英语。③How about listening to the radio 听收音机怎么样？④ Don’t forget to write down the correct answers next to the mistakes.不要忘记把正确答案写在错误答案的旁边。2. 城市介绍：① The population of Shenzhen is larger than that of many other cities in China．深圳的人口比中国许多其他城市的人口都要多。②It has a population of about seven and a half million. 它有大约七百五十万人口。③My home town is especially famous for its university. 我的家乡尤其因它的大学而闻名。④There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit .有许多古老的建筑和教堂可以参观。⑤It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.夏季从不会太热，冬季从不会太冷。3. 谈论体育运动：①Last week the match on TV was so boring because no one scored at all.上周电视上的比赛很无聊，因为根本没人得分。②They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game．他们为我们大声欢呼加油，我们感觉更有信心赢得比赛了。
课堂突破
中考重点词汇精析
一、advice
单词解析
n. 建议；劝告；忠告。是不可数名词。如：
He gave me a piece of advice last week.
上周他给了我一条建议。
常用词组：a piece of advice一条建议；some advice一些建议；take one’s advice采纳某人的建议。
辨异突破
advice与suggestion
1. advice是不可数名词。
动词形式：advise。常用搭配：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；advise doing sth. 建议做某事。如：
①He advised me to buy a computer.
他建议我买台电脑。
②He advised leaving early.
他建议早点动身。
2. suggestion意为“建议”，是可数名词。如：
Can you give me some suggestions
你能给我一些建议吗？
动词形式：suggest。常用结构：suggest doing sth. 建议做某事；suggest sb. （should） do sth.建议某人做某事。如：
①I suggested putting off the sports meeting.
我建议将运动会延期。
②She suggested I （should） read aloud in English as much as possible.
她建议我尽可能多地朗读英语。
活学活用
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Tom gave me some_________________ （suggest） about learning English.
2. He_________________ （advice） me to remember ten English words every day.
3. He suggested_________________ （go） out for a walk yesterday.
4. His wife advised him_________________ （give） up smoking, but he wouldn’t.
5. We suggested that he_________________ （go） and make an apology to his teacher.
6. He gave us some_________________ （advise） on how to learn English well.
7. The old man has given several_________________ （piece） of good advice to the young man.
8. Our coach advised_________________ （practise） a little harder before the next game.
二、need
单词解析
1. 作实义动词。意为“需要”，通常是及物动词，其用法与其他的实义动词用法一样。如：
①He needs some help. 他需要一些帮助。
②I need to breathe some fresh air.
我需要吸入一些新鲜空气。
2. n. 需要；需要的事物。既可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
3. 作情态动词，意为“有必要”或“需要”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句。如：
①You needn’t do all these exercises.
你不需要做所有这些练习。
②Need you leave so soon
你有必要这么早就离开吗？
③I wonder if I need fill in a form.
我不知道是否需要填一张表。
回答need开头的提问，视情况回答。如：
Need she come with us
她需要同我们一起去吗？
—No, she needn’t. 不，她就不必了。/Yes, she must. 是的，她必须同我们一起去。
常用搭配有：（1）need sth./sb. 需要某物/某人。（2）need to do sth. 需要做某事。（3）sth. needs
doing=sth. needs to be done某事（物）需要被……。（4）There’s no need to do sth. 没必要做某事。（5）There’s no need. 没有必要。（6）needn’t do sth. 不需要做某事。（7）in （great） need of
（非常）需要。
活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. They need_________________ （live） with us.
2. You_________________ （not） need to come if you are ill.
3. The desk is broken. It needs_________________ （repair）.
4. Need I_________________ （tell） him at once
5. —Need I go with her
—Yes, you_________________./No, you_________________.
6. The rescue team is in great need_________________ medicine.
7. You needn’t_________________ （do） your homework now.
8. There’s_________________ need for me to break the window because I have the key.
三、boring
单词解析
adj. 烦人的；无趣的；无聊的。如：
The news is boring and it’s always the same things.
新闻没意思，老是一样的事情。
辨异突破
boring与bored
1. bored和boring均有“无聊的”之意，都是形容词，但它们的用法不同。
bored常修饰人，意为“感到厌烦的；无聊的”。
boring常修饰物或事，意为“枯燥的；无聊的；令人厌烦的”。如：
The movie was so boring!I was bored.
电影太无聊，使我感到无聊。
2. boring也可以用来形容人，但意思却大不相同。如：
Only boring people are bored.
只有无趣的人才会感到无聊。
与boring类似的词有：interesting有趣的；moving令人感动的；surprising令人惊奇的；satisfying令人满意的；tiring令人困倦的；amazing令人惊讶的；exciting令人兴奋的；touching触动人心的。
与bored类似的词有：interested感兴趣的；surprised惊奇的；moved感动的；frightened害怕的；satisfied满意的；tired疲倦的；amazed惊讶的；excited激动的；touched感动的。
活学活用
选词填空。
1. The class was so_________________! I was_________________.（bored/boring）
2. Last week the match on TV was so_________________ because no one scored at all. （bored/boring）
3. This is an_________________ book. I feel_________________ . （interested/interesting）
4. I was_________________ when I saw the_________________ film. （moved/moving）
5. The snake is so________________ that many people are________________ when they see it. （frightened/frightening）
6. My mother was_________________ with my grades. （satisfied/satisfying）
7. The job is_________________ and he felt really
_________________ after working for a long time. （tired/tiring）
中考重点句型精析
一、It’s a good idea to spell and pronounce new words aloud every day.
每天大声拼读生词是个好主意。
句型解析
在句型“It’s+名词短语+to do...”中，it是形式主语，真正主语是to引导的动词不定式短语。如：
It is a good idea to listen to English songs every day.
=To listen to English songs every day is a good idea.
每天听英文歌曲是个好主意。
辨异突破
“It’s+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”与“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”
1. 若形容词描述不定式行为者的性格、品质等，如clever, kind, polite等，应用介词of。如：
It’s very nice of you to help me.
你能帮我真是太好了。
2. 若形容词仅仅用于描述事物，不对行为者的品格等进行评价，如difficult, easy, important, hard等，应用介词for。如：
It’s easy for her to finish the work by herself.
她自己能轻松地完成工作。
温馨提示：every day意为“每天”，是表示时间的状语，而everyday是形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，后面接名词。如：everyday life日常生活；everyday English日常英语。
活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s very kind_________________ you to help me.
2. It’s too hard_________________ me to finish the work today.
3. It’s a good idea_________________ （go） shopping at weekends.
4._________________ （run） often is good_________________ our health.
5._________________ is polite to take a gift when you visit somebody for the first time.
二、What’s the population of Shenzhen
深圳有多少人口？
句型解析
population是一个集合名词（无复数形式），它的用法有时较为特殊。
1. population常与定冠词the连用，用作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.
全世界的人口增长得越来越快。
2. 当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：
About seventy percent of the population of China are farmers.
中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。
3. 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用“much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。如：
India has a large population.
印度人口众多。
4. 询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much... ”，而用“How large... ”；在问具体人口时用“What is the population of... ”。如：
—How large is the population of your home town =What’s the population of your home town 你们家乡有多少人口？
—The population of our home town is nearly twice as large as that of yours.
我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。
活学活用
填入适当的词或选择适当的词填空。
1. The population of Shanghai is_________________（bigger/more） than that of Hong Kong.
2. The population of Shenzhen_________________ over ten million.
3._________________ is the population of Hangzhou
4. About forty percent of the population of the city_________________ women.
5. —How_________________ is the population of Jinhua
—Sorry, I have no idea.
当堂检测
一、选词填空
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
glass first prize invite smell fair
1. Linda often_________________ her classmates to have dinner at her home.
2. The beautiful girl with_________________ hair is my cousin.
3. I could_________________ that he had been smoking.
4. My_________________ dropped and broke when I played basketball.
5. It doesn’t matter whether you can win_________________or not. Just do it!
二、单词拼写
1. They lived in the_________________ （南） of the city.
2. She has a good_________________ （机会） of a successful recovery.
3. You could use the money for_________________ （改善） your home.
4. She was the first British woman to climb the_________________（山）.
5. Are you sure that you have everything you_________________（需要）
6. Could you give me some_________________ （建议） about buying a house
7. I’m sorry, I don’t_________________ （明白）. Can you explain that again
8. Her husband is about the most_________________ （无聊的） person I’ve ever met.
9. It’s not_________________ （合乎常情的） for a child of his age to be so quiet.
10. It gives students the opportunity to_________________ （练习） their speaking skills.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A group of boys were playing basketball in the park. The playground was great, 1_________________there was no fence（栅栏） around it. If one boy missed the ball, someone had to catch it at once, so it wouldn’t go too far away.
One boy threw the ball too hard and it flew like a rocket over the 2_________________（head） of all the other boys and kept on flying.
Anna was sitting nearby and watching the ducks swimming on the river. Suddenly, she 3_________________（hear） some shouting and turned to see a big orange object coming towards 4_________________（she）.
“Stop the ball,” one of them shouted.
The ball landed close to the river. The ducks flew away quickly.
Anna opened her arms, just in time 5_________________ （stop） the ball as it was going to fall into the river.
“Could you please bring it over here ” asked one boy 6_________________（polite）.
Anna walked to them with the ball. She was nervous because the boys were 7_________________（old） than her. However, they were very nice and thanked her 8_________________ saving the ball.
“Can I join you ” Anna asked.
The boys agreed, but they were not sure9_________________ she could throw the ball even close to the basket.
Anna took the ball and then had 10_________________try. The boys watched in surprise as the ball went straight into the basket. Anna smiled as the boys cheered loudly for her.
参考答案
第7课 八上 Modules 1—3
课堂突破
【中考重点词汇精析】
一、1. suggestions 2. advises 3. going 4. to give 5. go
6. advice 7. pieces 8. practising
二、1. to live 2. don’t 3. repairing/to be repaired 4. tell
5. must, needn’t 6. of 7. do 8. no
三、1. boring, bored 2. boring 3. interesting, interested
4. moved, moving 5. frightening, frightened 6. satisfied
7. tiring, tired
【中考重点句型精析】
一、1. of 2. for 3. to go 4. Running, for 5. It
二、1. bigger 2. is 3. What 4. are 5. large
当堂检测
一、1. invites 2. fair 3. smell 4. glasses 5. first prize
二、1. south 2. chance 3. improving 4. mountain 5. need
6. advice/suggestions 7. understand 8. boring 9. natural
10. practise
三、1. but 2. heads 3. heard 4. her 5. to stop 6. politely
7. older 8. for 9. if/whether 10. a
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