外研版英语中考语言基础知识梳理与训练 第15课 八年级下册 Modules 9—10

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第15课 八下 Modules 9—10
课前预热
重点易错单词 1. helpline （n.）服务热线2. separate （v.）使分开；分隔（adj.）分开的；单独的3. explain （v.）解释；说明4. mention （v.）提及；谈到5. whether （conj.）是否6. treat （v.）对待；看待7. herself （pron.）她自己8. regret （v.）懊悔；遗憾9. patient （adj.）有耐心的；能忍耐的10. introduce （v.）介绍；引见11. encourage （v.）鼓励；激励12. silence （n.）寂静；无声13. treasure （n.）珍宝；珍贵之物14. include （v.）包括；把……列为一部分15. circle （n.）圈子16. director （n.）导演；主管17. around （adv.）到处；向各处18. national （adj.）国家的；国内的19. international （adj.）国际的；世界的20. interview （n./v.）采访21. part-time （adj.）兼职的22. purpose （n.）意图；目的
一词多义 1. separate（v.）使分开；分隔 （adj.）分开的；单独的2. patient（n.）病人 （adj.）有耐心的；能忍耐的3. interview（n.）采访；访谈；面试；面谈 （v.）采访；访问；接受面试4. stick（v.）粘住；粘贴 （n.）棍；棒5. show（n.）展示；演出 （v.）给……看；出示；带领6. treat（v.）对待；看待；以……态度对待；治疗；以…方式对待；把……看作；把……视为 （n.）乐事；乐趣；款待7. pass（v.）经过；通过；传递8. bright（adj.）明亮的；聪明的
词形变换 1. separate（v.）→ separate （adj.）分开的；单独的2. refuse（v.）→ agree （反义词）同意3. whether（conj.）→ if （近义词）是否4. patient（adj.）→ impatient （反义词）不耐烦的→ patience （n.）耐心→ patiently （adv.）耐心地5. introduce（v.）→ introduction （n.）介绍；引进6. silent（adj.）→ silence （n.）寂静7. pass（v.）→ past （prep.）经过8. bright（adj.）→ brightly （adv.）明亮地；欢快地9. trust（v.）→ trust （n.）信任；信赖10. include（v.）→ including （prep.）包括11. circle（n.）→ circle （v.）圈出12. studio（n.）→ studios （pl.）录制室13. suggest（v.）→ suggestion （n.）提议；建议14. nation（n.）→ national （adj.）国家的15. listen（v.）→ listener （n.）听者→ listening （n.）听力16. part-time（adj.）→ full-time （反义词）全职的
中考词组短语 1. speak to... 对……说2. on the helpline在服务热线上3. take a message捎口信4. get separated分离5. stay in touch保持联系6. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事7. feel sure of... 对……有把握8. feel lonely感到孤独9. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心10. make friends with... 与……交朋友11. the last time最后一次12. the early autumn早秋13. in silence默默地14. turn back转身15. without a word一言未发16. a hidden treasure隐藏的珍宝17. day by day一天天地；逐渐地18. the circle of friends朋友圈 19. smile back回以微笑20. on the radio在广播中21. be on air正在广播22. in the background在背景中23. the latest national news最新的国内新闻24. get crazy变得疯狂25. keep quiet保持安静26. in person亲自；本人27. look down朝下看28. do research on... 做关于……的研究29. the weather report天气预报30. look out of... 朝……外看31. radio times广播时间32. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事33. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
中考句型回顾 语法句型 1. Tell me when the problem started .告诉我这个问题是什么时候开始的。2. So could you explain what happened then 那你能解释之后发生了什么吗？3. Could I ask if/whether you’ve mentioned this to her 我能问问你是否跟她提过这件事吗？4. Try to find out if/whether she feels lonely without you.设法弄清楚，没有你她是否感到孤独。5. I didn’t know who she was.我不知道她是谁。6. I asked her why she smiled at me that day. 我问她那天为什么冲我微笑。7. Now I believe that the world is what you think it is.现在，我相信世界就是你想象的那个样子。
功能句型 1. 谈友情：①I have a problem with my best friend.我和我最好的朋友出现了问题。②She doesn’t like me to see my other friends.她不喜欢我见我其他的朋友。③ I’m sure she regrets hurting you.我确信她后悔伤害了你。④So be patient with her and explain to her that she can make friends with your other friends too.所以对她耐心一点，向她解释她也能与你的其他朋友交朋友。⑤Day by day, I learnt to trust people, and they included me in their circle of friends.渐渐地，我学会了信任他人，他们也把我纳入他们的朋友圈。2. 向他人介绍自己的经历：① As I grew older , my interest in radio grew.随着年龄的增长，我对广播的兴趣日益浓厚。②We prepared a programme once a week, doing research by reading articles about music and sports news.我们每周都会准备一次节目，通过读有关音乐的文章和体育新闻进行研究。
课堂突破
中考重点词汇精析
一、so
单词解析
1. adv. （表示程度）这么；这样；非常。如：
Don’t look so angry. 别那样怒气冲冲的。
2. conj. （表示因果关系）因此，所以；（引出结果）因此；（表示目的）为了，以便。如：
I was feeling hungry, so I made myself a sandwich.
我感到很饿，所以我给自己做了个三明治。
关于so的常见句式：
1. “so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”意为“……也是”。
注意：（1）so后面的be动词、助动词或情态动词须同前一句的谓语动词保持一致。如：
I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife.
我喜欢看这本书，我的妻子也喜欢。
（2）so用于肯定句，否定句则用neither。如：
—I don’t like carrots. 我不喜欢胡萝卜。
—Neither do I. 我（另一个人）也不喜欢。
2. “so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词”意为“确实如此”。如：
—It is cold today. 今天天气很冷。
—So it is. （今天）确实冷。
3. 主语＋表示看法、意见等动词＋so。在此句型中，so只用于避免重复前面说过的内容，等于代替肯定的名词性从句，可与believe, imagine, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think等动词及I’m afraid连用。如：
—Is he going to study abroad
他打算去留学吗？
—I believe so. 我想是的。
4. “...so that+目的状语从句”意为“……以便于/为了……”。如：
I’m going to take an early bus so that I’ll get there in time.
我打算乘早班公共汽车，以便及时赶到那里。
5. “so+形容词/副词+that+结果状语从句”意为“如此……以至于……”。如：
This story is so interesting that I want to read it again.
这个故事如此有趣以至于我想再读一次。
活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —I think he’s wrong.
—I don’t think_________________ .
2. —I often drink coffee.
—So_________________ I.
3. —I can swim.
—So_________________ I.
4. —He likes playing basketball.
—So he_________________ .
5. I’ve never seen so_________________ （excite） a film.
6. The girl is_________________ lovely that everyone likes her very much.
7. —I haven’t been to Beijing before.
—_________________ have I.
8. He spoke so quickly_________________ I couldn’t follow him.
9. Yesterday morning Yang Cheng got up early so______________ she could catch the first bus.
10. We have_________________ much to do, so I will be really busy.
二、regret
单词解析
1. n. 懊悔；遗憾；失望。如：
I have no regrets about leaving Newcastle.
我一点也不后悔离开纽卡斯尔。
2. v. 懊悔；遗憾。如：
I deeply regret what I said.
我非常后悔说了那些话。
过去式：regretted；过去分词：regretted；现在分词：regretting。
常用搭配：
1. regret to do sth. 很遗憾地/抱歉地做某事（事情还没有做）。如：
I regret to tell you that your grandpa has just passed away.
很遗憾地告诉你，你爷爷刚刚过世。
2. regret doing sth. 很遗憾/后悔做了某事（为已经做过的事而感到懊悔）。如：
I regret breaking your cup, Dad. I was so careless.
我很后悔打破你的杯子，爸爸。我真是太粗心了。
3. regret sth. 后悔某事。如：
She immediately regretted her decision.
她做出决定之后立马后悔了。
4. regret+that从句，遗憾……。如：
We regret that we are unable to reconsider your case.
我们很遗憾无法再考虑你的情况。
活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I regret_________________ （say） that you are wrong.
2. I’ve never regretted the_________________ （decide）.
3. I don’t regret_________________ （tell） her what I thought.
4. I regret_________________ （have） to do this, for I have no choice.
5. My father now regrets_________________ （leave） school so young.
6. I regret_________________ I am unable to accept your kind invitation.
中考重点句型精析
Could I ask if you’ve mentioned this to her
我能问下你是否向她提过这事？
句型解析
例句中展示的是含有宾语从句的复合句。
引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
1. 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，常省略。如：
He said （that） he could finish his work before supper．
他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2. 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：
I don’t know if/whether he still lives there after so many years.
我不知道在那么多年后，他是否仍住在那儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
（1）在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，往往用whether。如：
I don’t know whether he will come or not.
我不知道他是否要来。
（2）在介词之后用whether。如：
I’m interested in whether he likes English．
我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
（3）在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn’t decided whether to visit the old man． 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
（4）whether置于句首时。如：
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say．
这是否是真的，我说不上来。
（5）引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question． 她是否能来还是个问题。
3. 如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词（who, where, when, what, which, why, how, whom, whose, whoever, whatever等）引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning
你能告诉我今天上午你为什么开会迟到吗？
温馨提示：
宾语从句一定要用陈述句语序。如：
Tom hasn’t decided where he should go for his holiday. 汤姆还未决定去哪里度假。
4. 宾语从句的时态问题
（1）当主句是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。如：
①She says （that） she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）
②She says （that） she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）
③She says （that） she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。（从句是现在完成时）
（2）当主句是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时。如：
①He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）
②He said （that） he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。（从句是过去将来时）
③He said （that） they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态始终用一般现在时。如：
①The teacher told us （that） nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
②He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
活学活用
A）将下列每组句子合并为一句话。
1. Who is he I don’t know.
____________________________________________________________________
2. Mr Smith asked him. Can he come
____________________________________________________________________
3. The scientists discovered it. Light travels faster than sound.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
4. Could you tell me How far is it from Hangzhou to Hainan
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
5． Do you know Why does she treat you like that
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
B）用if或whether填空。
6. I don’t know_________________ they will come to help us.
7. I am not sure_________________ the train will arrive on time or not.
8. This depends on_________________ she has courage.
9. He doesn’t know_________________ to stay or leave.
10. We discussed_________________ we should change our plan.
11._________________ the news is true remains a question.
12. What we want to know is_________________ he will come tomorrow.
13._________________ you can’t catch the chance, you will fail.
当堂检测
一、选词填空
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
show national around in person purpose
1. Jack is my favourite actor. I can’t believe you met him_________________ .
2. Tom began to learn Chinese for the_________________ of starting a business in China.
3. Britain has more than ten_________________ newspapers.
4. Let’s take the children to the park so they can run_________________ for a while.
5. The waiter was nice and_________________ us to our table.
二、单词拼写
1. I’ve never_________________ （后悔） the decision.
2. She cut_________________ （她自己） on some broken glass.
3. She was not sure_________________ （是否） to stay or leave.
4. I’ll_________________ （解释） why I don’t believe your story.
5. There was a_________________ （寂静） before anyone answered.
6. Some of the problems were_________________ （提到） in his report.
7. He was_________________ （如此） weak that he could hardly stand up.
8. Don’t you get_________________ （孤独的） being on your own all day
9. It is important to take measures to_________________ （防止；避免） the risk of fire.
10. Cooder was_________________ （鼓励） to begin playing the guitar by his father.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Friends are important to everyone. However, some people may have trouble keeping their friendships. Here’re some tips on how to make your friendship 1_________________（deep） and stronger.
★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship after they 2_________________（become） friends with some people. Though your identity（身份） is always changing, some of your personality traits（特点） will stay pretty much 3_________________ same. Find out where those things are, think hard about who you want 4_________________（be）, and then show the people around you that you are honest.
★Avoid gossip（八卦）. Friends shouldn’t spread rumours（谣言） about other friends. 5_________________ you’ve heard something bad about your friends, find a proper way of asking them about it by yourself. If you’re not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend 6_________________ advice.
★Protect your 7_________________（friend）. Very often, somebody that you’re not close to doubts one of your friends. 8_________________ is important to find out both sides of the story, but it’s also a good chance to show your friend that he or she9_________________（trust） by you.
★Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you’re in trouble and listen 10_________________（patient） when you share a problem with him or her. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he or she will take notice and feel good.
参考答案
第15课 八下 Modules 9—10
课堂突破
【中考重点词汇精析】
一、1. so 2. do 3. can 4. does 5. exciting 6. so
7. Neither 8. that 9. that 10. so
二、1. to say 2. decision 3. telling 4. to have 5. leaving
6. that
【中考重点句型精析】
1. I don’t know who he is.
2. Mr Smith asked him if he could come.
3. The scientists discovered （that） light travels faster than sound.
4. Could you tell me how far it is from Hangzhou to Hainan
5. Do you know why she treats you like that
6. whether/if 7. whether 8. whether 9. whether 10. whether
11. Whether 12. whether 13. If
当堂检测
一、1. in person 2. purpose 3. national 4. around 5. showed
二、1. regretted 2. herself 3. whether 4. explain 5. silence
6. mentioned 7. so 8. lonely 9. avoid 10. encouraged
三、1. deeper 2. become 3. the 4. to be 5. If 6. for
7. friends 8. It 9. is trusted 10. patiently
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