2020-2021学年度（下）市级重点高中联合体期中测试
高二英语
满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟
第I卷(选择题，共 65分)
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分
A
Fitness Center Timetable
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
7:15 a.m. Body Power Aerobics Body Stretch Aerobics Body Burn Body Stretch
10:30 a.m. Beginner Aerobics Beginner Aerobics Aerobics Body Stretch
12:30 p.m. Body Stretch Body Burn Aerobics Beginner Aerobics Body Burn
3:00 p.m. Beginner Aerobics Body Stretch Body Burn Beginner Aerobics
4:45 p.m. Body Burn Aerobics Aerobics Body Power Body Power Body Stretch
5:30 p.m. Aerobics Body Power Body Power Body Burn Body Stretch Body Power
6:30 pm. Aerobics Body Burn Body Burn Beginner Aerobics Body Power
7:30 p.m. Beginner Aerobics Body Stretch Beginner Aerobics Aerobics
Body Power: This class uses weights and aerobic movements (a form of very active physical exercise) to increase strength while burning fat. It is suitable for all levels for fitness.
Aerobics: This is a low to middle level of difficulty aerobic class. It is good for beginner to average levels of fitness.
Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.
Body Stretch (hold your arms or legs out straight and tighten your muscles): This is a relaxation class which stretches all the muscle groups. It is suitable for all levels of fitness. People who exercise regularly or have a stressful lifestyle would also greatly improve their health in this class.
Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. It is only for those people with a very high level of fitness.
1. On Wednesday the fitness class at 6: 30 p. m. is________ .
A. Aerobics B. Body Power C. Body Burn D. Beginner Aerobics
2. The two classes that are suitable for all levels of fitness are________ .
A. Aerobics and Body Power B. Body Burn and Aerobics
C. Body Power and Body Stretch D. Body Stretch and Beginner Aerobics
3. Lena wants to go to the City Gym on Friday. She has not exercised for a long time. The best time for her to go would be________ .
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m. C. 7:15 a. m. D. 12:30 p.m.
B
At first Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors’ home. He and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from one of his daughters: “The house next door is on fire!” He went to investigate.
“The baby’s still in!” one of the women cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, aged 64, immediately ran inside. “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s granddaughter. The thick smoke burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been harmful to anyone, but for Surrell, who has a lung disease, they were life-threatening.
After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he ran outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara ” he asked desperately.“The second floor.” her aunt shouted back. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor, feeling around for any sign of the girl.
Finally, he got Tiara who wasn’t breathing. He fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside. Surrell put Tiara down and started CPR. Soon Tiara opened her eyes and took a breath on her own. Their eyes met. Surrell hugged her tight and said, “Uncle’s got you.” Soon after, his throat closed off.
Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later, having suffered severe burns to his windpipe and the upper portion of his lungs. As a result, he took extra medication that helped open his airways. “It’s a small price to pay,” he said. “I’d do it again in no time and won’t give it a second thought.”
4. When did Surrell first know his neighbor’s home was on fire
A. When his daughter phoned him. B. When he parked his car.
C. When he heard people calling for help. D. When he saw the smoke.
5. Why did the author say the conditions were deadly to Surrell
A. Because the smoke was too thick.
B. Because the smoke burned his eyes.
C. Because the building would fall apart.
D. Because Surrell had a lung disease.
6 What does the author think of Surrell
A. enthusiastic B. brave
C. energetic D. aged
7. What’s the best title of the passage
A. A big fire in the neighborhood.
B. A baby stuck in the burning building.
C. A man risking his life to save a girl.
D. An unexpected accident.
C
Jo Cameron, a 71-year-old Scottish woman, has never needed to take painkillers after seeing the dentist and can eat spicy chilies without any discomfort.
She thought little of it until she sought treatment for an ankle problem at the age of 65. Doctors were astonished to find that she experienced no pain despite severe worsening in her ankle. A year later, she said she felt no pain after experiencing what's typically a very painful operation on her hand for osteoarthritis(关节炎). She doesn’t take any medication and is fit and active, with no medical conditions apart from arthritis.
Her doctors decided to analyze whether her lack of pain sensitivity was due to genetics and found it was caused by a mutation(突变) in a previously unidentified gene. Researchers found Cameron had two obvious mutations in her genetic makeup, one in the FAAH gene and the other in what the scientists dubbed (复制) FAAH-OUT, which has been little studied by scientists.
In a case study published Thursday, researchers explained the discovery could help guide new treatments for a range of conditions, from post-operative pain to anxiety. The study said that Cameron's mother and daughter appeared to perceive pain normally. However, her late father had little need for painkillers, and her son reported having some degree of pain insensitivity, but not to the same extent as her.
“Now that we are uncovering how this newly identified gene works, we hope to make further progress on new treatment targets,” Cox said. “We need to learn from people who are suffering from pain but also those who are less sensitive to pain,” said Keogh, who is also the director at the university's center for pain research.
“The implications of these findings are of great value,” said Dr. Devjit Srivastava, who diagnosed Cameron. “One out of two patients after surgery today still experiences severe pain, despite all advances in painkiller medications,” he added. “The findings point towards a novel painkiller discovery that could potentially offer post-surgical pain relief and also accelerate wound healing. We hope this could help the 330 million patients who have surgery globally every year.”
8. How did Cameron find she was lack of pain sensitivity
A. By seeing a dentist B. By eating chilies
C. By taking painkillers D. By seeking treatment
9. What does the underlined word “perceive” mean
A. understand B. know
C. feel D. see
10. What can we conclude from what Keogh said
A. More than one person is less sensitive to pain.
B. They have made great progress in this gene.
C. Their study merely focuses on the treatment targets.
D. They are uncovering the secrets of mutation.
11. From the view point of Dr. Devjit Srivastava, we can know _______ .
A. The findings have discovered a new painkiller.
B. Patients who have operations no longer suffer pain.
C. The findings may be important to discover a new way to relieve pain.
D. Most patients after surgery today still suffer great pain.
D
When Denis wants to relax at work he steps into a quiet room, sits in a chair, slips on a virtual-reality headset, and escapes to the beach. For Denis, those minutes are a tool he relies on regularly to both relieve and prevent stress.
He's not the only one at his company to use the room, where workers can also use a headset to watch a moon walk, take a virtual roller-coaster ride or access a meditation (冥想) app.
Research shows VR can help reduce pain and anxiety. But it's not yet clear why it works. Experts believe it's related to the technology's power to distract.
''Whatever their problems are, whatever their stresses are, they can literally neglect them and have a different emotional pulse, '' Denis said.
Virtual-reality headsets haven't taken off with consumers, but they're now powerful and inexpensive enough for companies to consider investing in them to help make workers and customers happier.
The headsets may help people take a virtual break from their surroundings, but there are challenges to consider. Ramon Llamas, a tech market researcher, noted that there could be challenges in handing out headsets. Some people get sick or dizzy while using virtual reality, and the headsets may get dirty or broken. There's also the task of quickly familiarizing people with using the headsets, especially since VR adoption has been so limited and the ways they are controlled can vary.
For now, Llamas said, he's concerned about privacy and security. What if, for instance, someone manages to back into a headset and insert some content into what you're watching
Another potential issue is the managing of the headsets and software that goes along with them. This is likely not a complication for an office like Umber Realty's, where people can simply take a headset off if they feel something wrong. But it could be more of a problem if you're stuck in a dentist's chair. ''The last thing you want is that in the middle of extracting a tooth something goes wrong.'' Llamas said.
12. What does Denis's company use Virtual Reality for
A. Improving the customers' experience.
B. Displaying the schedule of his company.
C. Relieving the staff's work pressure.
D. Saving the trouble of transportation.
13. How can the VR devices help the users by Denis
A. Ignoring reality for the moment. B. Improving their thinking.
C. Designing work for the company. D. Investing in a new industry.
14. What does the author focus on in the last three paragraphs
A. The potential problems with VR.
B. The privacy policy available for VR.
C. The management of these devices in the market.
D. The standards the VR technology is to follow.
15. What is the best title of the passage
A. VR, a promising business in future! B. Is VR always making us relax
C. The adoption of VR needs investments. D. Are we saying ''goodbye'' to VR
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Walking Your Dog Is Great Exercise
Having trouble sticking to an exercise program Research shows that dogs are actually nature's perfect personal trainers-loyal, hard-working, energetic and enthusiastic.Your friends may skip an exercise session because of appointments,extra chores or bad weather.___16___
Is dog walking really effective exercise Many people are becoming interested in exercise to help lose excess weight.___17___Dog owner-ship and obesity were evaluated in Seattle, Wash., and Baltimore, Md., in a study published in the journal Preventive Medicine in September 2008. Dog owners who reported walking their dogs were almost 25 percent less likely to be obese than people without dogs.
What are the benefits of regular exercise Dr. Joanna Kruk reviewed medical literature describing the health benefits of exercise. Her research showed that the risk of developing a number of serious health problems is reduced by physical activity and exercise.
___18___It's easy to forget about healthy walking plans, so set the stage for a successful program: Establish a walking schedule; plan to walk 30 minutes total each day. This might include a 10-minute neighborhood walk in the morning and a 20-minute romp at the dog park after work. Or maybe three 10-minule walks or one 30-minute walk fit in better with your day.
If dog walking is "scheduled" each day, you'll feel more responsible for sticking with your program.___19___Most importantly, daily walking your dog will keep it fit and give it an opportunity to utilize their senses while also engaging their mind.
So, grab a leash, whistle to the pup, and go for a walk-today and every day! Take action!___20___
A. Plan for success.
B. Track your progress.
C. This will reinforce your good behavior.
D. Dog walking is a great way to start a healthy lifestyle program.
E. However, dogs never give you an excuse to delay exercising.
F. Plus, your dog will also get used to the routine and remind you when "it's time"!
G. Obesity is affecting about one in every three to four adults in the United States and Europe.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Charles R. Drew was a medical student at Columbia University in New York. Before he graduated, he wrote an article____21____ blood bank（血库）, that is, the storing of blood. Up till then, a lot of people had died from loss of blood ____22____ there was no blood bank.
When the United States entered the Second World War, it became____23____ to set up blood banks. Dr Drew became ____24____ of the red cross’s first blood bank. When the Red Cross____25____ blood banks to collect and store blood for men ____26____ in battle, black American gave blood along with the whites. At ____27____ their blood was not accepted. Later blood from the blacks was ____28____ but was stored in a____29____ place from “white” blood. Although the best doctors ____30____ that there was ____31____ difference at all between the blood of blacks and whites, the Red Cross, with the support of the government, ____32____ to separate black blood from white blood.
After the war, Dr Drew was ____33____ from Washington with three other doctors to attend a medical meeting in a southern state. In northern Carolina their car went ____34____ a ditch（深沟）and Dr Drew was ____35____ hurt. He had lost much blood by the time a passing car took him to the nearest hospital. But they were stopped at the gate of the hospital. “Take him to the hospital for blacks.” No matter what they said, they could not get into the hospital. They had to take him to the colored hospital, but on the way Dr Drew died because he had lost too much blood.
21. A. of B. on C. for D. in
22. A. though B. if C. because D. and
23. A. possible B. impossible C. important D. necessary
24. A. visitor B. head C. receiver D. supporter
25. A. started B. expected C. promised D. forbade
26. A. died B. killed C. wounded D. fighting
27. A. most B. least C. first D. last
28. A. received B. accepted C. lost D. found
29. A. good B. cool C. hot D. separate
30. A. discovered B. invented C. insisted D. regretted
31. A. little B. much C. some D. no
32. A. began B. refused C. stopped D. continued
33. A. driving B. walking C. arriving D. traveling
34. A. from B. into C. along D. off
35. A. hardly B. nearly C. badly D. rarely
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共55分)
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The novel coronavirus(冠状病毒), which____36____(originate)in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has now spread to 12countries, has much in common ____37____ seasonal flu. They are both viral infections, share similar symptoms and crucially(关键地）can spread from human to human. In the midst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere, ____38____(tell) the difference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread.
Human coronaviruses, of which there are four, can cause respiratory (呼吸道)infections similar to flu: while many symptoms are mild, both can lead to pneumonia（肺炎） and become lethal（致命的）. ____39____, the novel coronavirus is more serious than ____40____ "typical influenza infection,(流感)"says Ian Jones, a professor of virology at the University of Reading. "This virus appears to go____41____(far) down into the lungs than would generally be the case. Therefore, it will give you____42____ (symptom) of pneumonia(肺炎): the lungs becoming flooded, they don't function very well and the patient gets into breathing difficulty."
While the mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel coronavirus may end up being similar, humans' ability ____43____(fight) off the viruses differs greatly.
Humans have naturally built up antibodies to seasonal flu and annual vaccines____44____(develop) to fight it. During a pandemic( 流行病) which the new coronavirus has the potential to become, "there is no immunity( 免疫性 ) in the population so you have potential for a ____45____(globe) spread," warns Jones.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，当前新冠状病毒肆虐，请你围绕“从小事做起共战疫情”这一主题，给全校学生写一封英文倡议书。
要点如下：
1. 倡议的原因和目的；
2. 倡议的具体内容；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为150左右。
Long ago, there was a big apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He climbed to the top of the tree, ate the apples, and took a nap under the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.
As time went by, the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree, appearing sad. “Come and play with me," the tree asked the boy gently.
“I am no longer a kid； I won't play around trees anymore," the boy replied, “I want toys. I need money to buy them. ”
Sorry, but I don't have money. However, you can pick all my apples and sell them. Then, you will have money." They boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy didn't come back after that.
The tree was upset.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so joyful. “Come and play with me," the tree said.
“I don't have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " “Sorry, I don't have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house. ” So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left with delight.
The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn't appear since then. The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. “Come and play with me!” the tree requested.
“I am sad and becoming old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " “Use my trunk to build the boat and you can sail and be happy. ” So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.
Paragraph 1:
Many years later, the boy finally returned.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The apple tree is our mother.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2020-2021学年度（下）市级重点高中联合体期中测试
高二英语
满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟
第I卷(选择题，共 65分)
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分
A
Fitness Center Timetable
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
7:15 a.m. Body Power Aerobics Body Stretch Aerobics Body Burn Body Stretch
10:30 a.m. Beginner Aerobics Beginner Aerobics Aerobics Body Stretch
12:30 p.m. Body Stretch Body Burn Aerobics Beginner Aerobics Body Burn
3:00 p.m. Beginner Aerobics Body Stretch Body Burn Beginner Aerobics
4:45 p.m. Body Burn Aerobics Aerobics Body Power Body Power Body Stretch
5:30 p.m. Aerobics Body Power Body Power Body Burn Body Stretch Body Power
6:30 p.m. Aerobics Body Burn Body Burn Beginner Aerobics Body Power
7:30 p.m. Beginner Aerobics Body Stretch Beginner Aerobics Aerobics
Body Power: This class uses weights and aerobic movements (a form of very active physical exercise) to increase strength while burning fat. It is suitable for all levels for fitness.
Aerobics: This is a low to middle level of difficulty aerobic class. It is good for beginner to average levels of fitness.
Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.
Body Stretch (hold your arms or legs out straight and tighten your muscles): This is a relaxation class which stretches all the muscle groups. It is suitable for all levels of fitness. People who exercise regularly or have a stressful lifestyle would also greatly improve their health in this class.
Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. It is only for those people with a very high level of fitness.
1. On Wednesday the fitness class at 6: 30 p. m. is________ .
A. Aerobics B. Body Power C. Body Burn D. Beginner Aerobics
2. The two classes that are suitable for all levels of fitness are________ .
A. Aerobics and Body Power B. Body Burn and Aerobics
C. Body Power and Body Stretch D. Body Stretch and Beginner Aerobics
3. Lena wants to go to the City Gym on Friday. She has not exercised for a long time. The best time for her to go would be________ .
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m. C. 7:15 a. m. D. 12:30 p.m.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种健身课程，它们适合什么样的人群以及从周一到周日的课程安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格Wednesday下面的6:30 p.m.中表格的内容可知，在周三六点半的健身课程是“Body Burn”。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格下面第一行第二句话“ It is suitable for all levels for fitness.”（它适用于所有级别的健身。）以及第四行第二句话“It is suitable for all levels of fitness. ”（它适用于所有级别的健身。）可知，适合所有水平的健身课是Body Power和Body Stretch。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格下的第三行第二句话“It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.”（它主要适用于那些以前没有锻炼过的人，或者在长时间休息或受伤后刚刚回来的人。）以及表格中的周五的内容可知，Lena在长时间没有锻炼后，周五最好选择Beginner Aerobics这个课程，时间是下午十二点半。故选D。
B
At first, Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors’ home. He and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from one of his daughters: “The house next door is on fire!” He went to investigate.
“The baby’s still in!” one of the women cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, aged 64, immediately ran inside. “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s granddaughter. The thick smoke burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been harmful to anyone, but for Surrell, who has a lung disease, they were life-threatening.
After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he ran outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara ” he asked desperately.“The second floor.” her aunt shouted back. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor, feeling around for any sign of the girl.
Finally, he got Tiara who wasn’t breathing. He fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside. Surrell put Tiara down and started CPR. Soon Tiara opened her eyes and took a breath on her own. Their eyes met. Surrell hugged her tight and said, “Uncle’s got you.” Soon after, his throat closed off.
Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later, having suffered severe burns to his windpipe and the upper portion of his lungs. As a result, he took extra medication that helped open his airways. “It’s a small price to pay,” he said. “I’d do it again in no time and won’t give it a second thought.”
4. When did Surrell first know his neighbor’s home was on fire
A. When his daughter phoned him. B. When he parked his car.
C. When he heard people calling for help. D. When he saw the smoke.
5. Why did the author say the conditions were deadly to Surrell
A. Because the smoke was too thick.
B. Because the smoke burned his eyes.
C. Because the building would fall apart.
D. Because Surrell had a lung disease.
6. What does the author think of Surrell
A. enthusiastic B. brave
C. energetic D. aged
7. What’s the best title of the passage
A. A big fire in the neighborhood.
B. A baby stuck in the burning building.
C. A man risking his life to save a girl.
D. An unexpected accident.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病的 Michael Surrell 不顾个人安危去邻居家着火的房子里成功救出小女孩，因此造成他肺部疾病加重，但是他对自己所做的从不后悔。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中He and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from one of his daughters: “The house next door is on fire!”可知他和妻子刚把车停好，就接到一个女儿的电话：“隔壁的房子着火了!”由此可知，当Surrell女儿打电话给他时，Surrell第一次知道邻居的房子着火了。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中The thick smoke burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been harmful to anyone, but for Surrell, who has a lung disease, they were life-threatening.可知浓烟灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。这种情况对任何人都是有害的，但对患有肺病的Surrell来说，却是致命的。由此可知，作者说这些条件对Surrell来说是致命的，是因为Surrell有肺病。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he ran outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara ” he asked desperately. “The second floor.” her aunt shouted back. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor, feeling around for any sign of the girl.可知在烟雾弥漫的房子里呆了几分钟后，他跑到外面喘口气。“Tiara在哪里？”他绝望地问。“二楼”她姨妈大声回答。他深吸了一口气，第二次走了进去。仍然看不见，Surrell跪在滚烫的木地板上，四处寻找女孩的任何迹象。由此可推知，面对危险的境地以及自身的疾病，Surrell 毫不退缩，几次冲进火里救人，因此他是勇敢的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later, having suffered severe burns to his windpipe and the upper portion of his lungs. As a result, he took extra medication that helped open his airways.可知几天后，Surrell在医院醒来，气管和肺上部严重烧伤。结果，他服用了有助于打开呼吸道的额外药物。结合文章讲述了患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病的 Michael Surrell 不顾个人安危去邻居家着火的房子里成功救出小女孩，因此造成他肺部疾病加重，但是他对自己所做的从不后悔。故C选项“一个男人冒着生命危险去救一个女孩”符合文章标题。故选C。
C
Jo Cameron, a 71-year-old Scottish woman, has never needed to take painkillers after seeing the dentist and can eat spicy chilies without any discomfort.
She thought little of it until she sought treatment for an ankle problem at the age of 65. Doctors were astonished to find that she experienced no pain despite severe worsening in her ankle. A year later she said she felt no pain after experiencing what's typically a very painful operation on her hand for osteoarthritis(关节炎). She doesn’t take any medication and is fit and active, with no medical conditions apart from arthritis.
Her doctors decided to analyze whether her lack of pain sensitivity was due to genetics and found it was caused by a mutation(突变) in a previously unidentified gene. Researchers found Cameron had two obvious mutations in her genetic makeup, one in the FAAH gene and the other in what the scientists dubbed (复制) FAAH-OUT, which has been little studied by scientists.
In a case study published Thursday researchers explained the discovery could help guide new treatments for a range of conditions, from post-operative pain to anxiety. The study said that Cameron's mother and daughter appeared to perceive pain normally. However, her late father had little need for painkillers, and her son reported having some degree of pain insensitivity, but not to the same extent as her.
“Now that we are uncovering how this newly identified gene works, we hope to make further progress on new treatment targets,” Cox said. “We need to learn from people who are suffering from pain but also those who are less sensitive to pain,” said Keogh, who is also the director at the university's center for pain research.
“The implications of these findings are of great value,” said Dr. Devjit Srivastava, who diagnosed Cameron. “One out of two patients after surgery today still experiences severe pain, despite all advances in painkiller medications,” he added. “The findings point towards a novel painkiller discovery that could potentially offer post-surgical pain relief and also accelerate wound healing. We hope this could help the 330 million patients who have surgery globally every year.”
8. How did Cameron find she was lack of pain sensitivity
A. By seeing a dentist B. By eating chilies
C. By taking painkillers D. By seeking treatment
9. What does the underlined word “perceive” mean
A. understand B. know
C. feel D. see
10. What can we conclude from what Keogh said
A. More than one person is less sensitive to pain.
B. They have made great progress in this gene.
C. Their study merely focuses on the treatment targets.
D. They are uncovering the secrets of mutation.
11. From the view point of Dr. Devjit Srivastava, we can know _______ .
A. The findings have discovered a new painkiller.
B. Patients who have operations no longer suffer pain.
C. The findings may be important to discover a new way to relieve pain.
D. Most patients after surgery today still suffer great pain.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文章主要以一个没有疼痛感知的女性的故事为话题，引发了人们对这类人群的研究，以及科学家们通过对他们的研究，可能找出一种新的有效缓解疼痛的药物。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中She thought little of it until she sought treatment for an ankle problem at the age of 65. Doctors were astonished to find that she experienced no pain despite severe worsening in her ankle.可知直到65岁时因脚踝问题寻求治疗之前，她都没怎么想过这个问题。医生们惊讶地发现，尽管她的脚踝严重恶化，但并没有感到疼痛。由此可知，Cameron通过治疗其他疾病，发现了自己疼痛敏感性缺失。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文pain normally. However, her late father had little need for painkillers, and her son reported having some degree of pain insensitivity, but not to the same extent as her.可知研究称，Cameron的母亲和女儿似乎对疼痛有正常的感知，然而，她已故的父亲对止痛药的需求很小，她的儿子报告说有一定程度的疼痛不敏感，但程度与她不同。故划线单词意思为“感觉”。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“We need to learn from people who are suffering from pain but also those who are less sensitive to pain,” said Keogh, who is also the director at the university's center for pain research.可知“我们需要向那些遭受痛苦的人学习，也要向那些对痛苦不那么敏感的人学习，”Keogh说，他同时也是该大学疼痛研究中心的主任。由此可推知，从Keogh的话中，我们可以得知不止一个人对疼痛不那么敏感。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The findings point towards a novel painkiller discovery that could potentially offer post-surgical pain relief and also accelerate wound healing. We hope this could help the 330 million patients who have surgery globally every year.”可知“这项发现为一项新的止痛药发现指明了方向，这项发现有可能减轻手术后的疼痛，并加速伤口愈合。我们希望这能帮助每年全球3.3亿患者接受手术。”由此可知，从Devjit Srivastava博士的观点来看，我们可以知道这些发现可能对发现一种新的缓解疼痛的方法很重要。故选C。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that's to say, such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第二小题，根据后文pain normally. However, her late father had little need for painkillers, and her son reported having some degree of pain insensitivity, but not to the same extent as her.可知研究称，Cameron的母亲和女儿似乎对疼痛有正常的感知，然而，她已故的父亲对止痛药的需求很小，她的儿子报告说有一定程度的疼痛不敏感，但程度与她不同。故划线单词意思为“感觉”。故选C。
D
When Denis wants to relax at work, he steps into a quiet room, sits in a chair, slips on a virtual-reality headset, and escapes to the beach. For Denis, those minutes are a tool he relies on regularly to both relieve and prevent stress.
He's not the only one at his company to use the room, where workers can also use a headset to watch a moon walk, take a virtual roller-coaster ride or access a meditation (冥想) app.
Research shows VR can help reduce pain and anxiety. But it's not yet clear why it works. Experts believe it's related to the technology's power to distract.
''Whatever their problems are, whatever their stresses are, they can literally neglect them and have a different emotional pulse, '' Denis said.
Virtual-reality headsets haven't taken off with consumers, but they're now powerful and inexpensive enough for companies to consider investing in them to help make workers and customers happier.
The headsets may help people take a virtual break from their surroundings, but there are challenges to consider. Ramon Llamas, a tech market researcher, noted that there could be challenges in handing out headsets. Some people get sick or dizzy while using virtual reality, and the headsets may get dirty or broken. There's also the task of quickly familiarizing people with using the headsets, especially since VR adoption has been so limited and the ways they are controlled can vary.
For now, Llamas said, he's concerned about privacy and security. What if, for instance, someone manages to back into a headset and insert some content into what you're watching
Another potential issue is the managing of the headsets and software that goes along with them. This is likely not a complication for an office like Umber Realty's, where people can simply take a headset off if they feel something wrong. But it could be more of a problem if you're stuck in a dentist's chair. ''The last thing you want is that in the middle of extracting a tooth something goes wrong.'' Llamas said.
12. What does Denis's company use Virtual Reality for
A. Improving the customers' experience.
B. Displaying the schedule of his company.
C. Relieving the staff's work pressure.
D. Saving the trouble of transportation.
13. How can the VR devices help the users by Denis
A. Ignoring reality for the moment. B. Improving their thinking.
C. Designing work for the company. D. Investing in a new industry.
14. What does the author focus on in the last three paragraphs
A. The potential problems with VR.
B. The privacy policy available for VR.
C. The management of these devices in the market.
D. The standards the VR technology is to follow.
15. What is the best title of the passage
A. VR, a promising business in future! B. Is VR always making us relax
C. The adoption of VR needs investments. D. Are we saying ''goodbye'' to VR
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了VR虽然有助于减少疼痛和压力，但具体原因还不清楚，而且有很多潜在的问题需要考虑。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段When Denis wants to relax at work, he steps into a quiet room, sits in a chair, slips on a virtual-reality headset, and escapes to the beach. For Denis, those minutes are a tool he relies on regularly to both relieve and prevent stress.(当丹尼斯想在工作中放松一下时，他走进一个安静的房间，坐在椅子上，带上virtual-reality耳机，然后来到了海滩上。对丹尼斯来说，这些时间是他用来缓解和预防压力的工具) 可知，丹尼斯的公司用Virtual Reality来缓解员工的压力。C. Relieving the staff's work pressure.(缓解员工的工作压力)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的''Whatever their problems are, whatever their stresses are, they can literally neglect them and have a different emotional pulse, '' Denis said. (丹尼斯说：“无论他们的问题是什么，无论他们的压力是什么，他们都会暂时忽略他们，然后产生不同的情绪”)可知，丹尼斯认为Virtual Reality通过让人暂时忽略现实来让人放松。A. Ignoring reality for the moment. (暂时忽略现实)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段的Ramon Llamas, a tech market researcher, noted that there could be challenges in handing out headsets. (科技市场研究员Ramon Llamas指出，把耳机拿出来时可能存在挑战)，倒数第二段的For now, Llamas said, he's concerned about privacy and security. (Ramon Llamas说目前他关心的隐私和安全)和最后一段的Another potential issue is the managing of the headsets and software that goes along with them. (另一个潜在的问题是耳机和相关软件的管理)可知，最后三个自然段主要讲Virtual Reality潜在的问题。A. The potential problems with VR. (VR潜在的问题)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段Research shows VR can help reduce pain and anxiety. But it's not yet clear why it works. Experts believe it's related to the technology's power to distract. (研究表明，VR有助于减轻疼痛和焦虑。但目前还不清楚为什么会这样，专家们认为这与技术分散注意力的能力有关)和第六段的The headsets may help people take a virtual break from their surroundings, but there are challenges to consider. (这种耳机或许可以帮助人们从周围环境中获得虚拟的休息，但也有一些挑战需要考虑)可知，本文主要讲述VR虽然有助于减少疼痛和压力，但具体原因还不清楚，而且有很多潜在的问题需要考虑。B. Is VR always making us relax (VR总是会让我们放松吗？)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Walking Your Dog Is Great Exercise
Having trouble sticking to an exercise program Research shows that dogs are actually nature's perfect personal trainers-loyal, hard-working, energetic and enthusiastic.Your friends may skip an exercise session because of appointments,extra chores or bad weather.___16___
Is dog walking really effective exercise Many people are becoming interested in exercise to help lose excess weight.___17___Dog owner-ship and obesity were evaluated in Seattle, Wash., and Baltimore, Md., in a study published in the journal Preventive Medicine in September 2008. Dog owners who reported walking their dogs were almost 25 percent less likely to be obese than people without dogs.
What are the benefits of regular exercise Dr. Joanna Kruk reviewed medical literature describing the health benefits of exercise. Her research showed that the risk of developing a number of serious health problems is reduced by physical activity and exercise.
___18___It's easy to forget about healthy walking plans, so set the stage for a successful program: Establish a walking schedule; plan to walk 30 minutes total each day. This might include a 10-minute neighborhood walk in the morning and a 20-minute romp at the dog park after work. Or maybe three 10-minule walks or one 30-minute walk fit in better with your day.
If dog walking is "scheduled" each day, you'll feel more responsible for sticking with your program.___19___Most importantly, daily walking your dog will keep it fit and give it an opportunity to utilize their senses while also engaging their mind.
So, grab a leash, whistle to the pup, and go for a walk-today and every day! Take action!___20___
A. Plan for success.
B. Track your progress.
C. This will reinforce your good behavior.
D. Dog walking is a great way to start a healthy lifestyle program.
E. However, dogs never give you an excuse to delay exercising.
F. Plus, your dog will also get used to the routine and remind you when "it's time"!
G. Obesity is affecting about one in every three to four adults in the United States and Europe.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了遛狗可以减肥，因为人们总是忘记健康行走的计划而狗狗可以提醒你，你会更负责任地坚持你的计划。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Research shows that dogs are actually nature's perfect personal trainers-loyal, hard-working, energetic and enthusiastic.Your friends may skip an exercise session because of appointments,extra chores or bad weather. (研究表明，狗实际上是自然界完美的私人教练——忠诚、勤奋、精力充沛、充满热情。你的朋友可能会因为约会、额外的家务或糟糕的天气而放弃锻炼)”可知，B. Track your progress. (跟踪你的进度)能够衔接上文，说明你的狗会要求你要遵循你的进度，坚持锻炼。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Many people are becoming interested in exercise to help lose excess weight.(许多人开始对运动感兴趣，以帮助减肥)”及下文“Dog owner-ship and obesity were evaluated in Seattle, Wash., and Baltimore, Md., in a study published in the journal Preventive Medicine in September 2008.(研究人员对华盛顿州西雅图市的狗主人和肥胖情况进行了评估，该研究发表在2008年9月的《预防医学》(Preventive Medicine)杂志上)”可知，此处讲述与减肥有关的事情。由此可知，G. Obesity is affecting about one in every three to four adults in the United States and Europe.(肥胖在美国和欧洲每三到四个成年人中就有一个受到影响)能够衔接上文，起到承上启下的作用，也解释了美国和欧洲的肥胖的严重程度。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It's easy to forget about healthy walking plans, so set the stage for a successful program: Establish a walking schedule; plan to walk 30 minutes total each day.(人们很容易忘记健康的步行计划，所以为一个成功的步行计划做好准备：建立一个步行计划；计划每天步行30分钟)”可知，本段主要讲述的是锻炼计划。由此可知，A. Plan for success.(为成功制定计划)适合作本段主旨句。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If dog walking is "scheduled" each day, you'll feel more responsible for sticking with your program.(如果每天都“安排”遛狗，你会觉得更有责任坚持你的计划)”及下文“Most importantly, daily walking your dog will keep it fit and give it an opportunity to utilize their senses while also engaging their mind.(最重要的是，每天遛狗会让它保持健康，让它有机会利用自己的感官，同时也能调动它的思维)”可知，F. Plus, your dog will also get used to the routine and remind you when "it's time"!(另外，你的狗狗也会习惯这种例行公事，并在“时间到了”的时候提醒你！)能够承上启下，其中Plus(此外)与Most importantly(更重要的是)相对应，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So, grab a leash, whistle to the pup, and go for a walk-today and every day! Take action!(所以，牵上一条皮带，对着小狗吹个口哨，去散散步吧——今天就去，每天都去！采取行动！)”可知，作者在最后一段是在倡导大家遛狗。由此可知，D. Dog walking is a great way to start a healthy lifestyle program.(遛狗是一个开始一个健康的生活方式计划的伟大的方式)能够总结全文，呼应主题。故选D。
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Charles R. Drew was a medical student at Columbia University in New York. Before he graduated, he wrote an article____21____ blood bank（血库）, that is, the storing of blood. Up till then, a lot of people had died from loss of blood ____22____ there was no blood bank.
When the United States entered the Second World War, it became____23____ to set up blood banks. Dr Drew became ____24____ of the red cross’s first blood bank. When the Red Cross____25____ blood banks to collect and store blood for men ____26____ in battle, black American gave blood along with the whites. At ____27____ their blood was not accepted. Later blood from the blacks was ____28____ but was stored in a____29____ place from “white” blood. Although the best doctors ____30____ that there was ____31____ difference at all between the blood of blacks and whites, the Red Cross, with the support of the government, ____32____ to separate black blood from white blood.
After the war, Dr Drew was ____33____ from Washington with three other doctors to attend a medical meeting in a southern state. In northern Carolina their car went ____34____ a ditch（深沟）and Dr Drew was ____35____ hurt. He had lost much blood by the time a passing car took him to the nearest hospital. But they were stopped at the gate of the hospital. “Take him to the hospital for blacks.” No matter what they said, they could not get into the hospital. They had to take him to the colored hospital, but on the way Dr Drew died because he had lost too much blood.
21. A. of B. on C. for D. in
22. A. though B. if C. because D. and
23. A. possible B. impossible C. important D. necessary
24. A. visitor B. head C. receiver D. supporter
25. A. started B. expected C. promised D. forbade
26. A. died B. killed C. wounded D. fighting
27. A. most B. least C. first D. last
28. A. received B. accepted C. lost D. found
29. A. good B. cool C. hot D. separate
30. A. discovered B. invented C. insisted D. regretted
31 A. little B. much C. some D. no
32. A. began B. refused C. stopped D. continued
33. A. driving B. walking C. arriving D. traveling
34. A. from B. into C. along D. off
35. A. hardly B. nearly C. badly D. rarely
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Charles R. Drew博士负责二战期间红字会的血库，为受伤的战士收集和储存血液，但是黑人献的血却被区别对待。战争之后，Drew博士在一次事故中受伤而大量缺血，但是医院却因为他是黑人而让他去能给黑人输血的医院治疗，结果在途中因为失血过多而死亡。
【21题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：毕业前，他写了一篇关于血库的文章，即血液的储存。A. of ……的；B. on 关于；C. for 对于；D. in 在里面。根据下文“that is, the storing of blood”可知，他写了一篇关于血库的文章。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：到那时为止，由于没有血库，很多人死于失血。A. though虽然；B. if如果；C. because 因为；D. and和。根据空前“a lot of people had died from loss of blood”以及空后“there was no blood bank”可知，由于血库没血，所以很多人因失血死亡。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：当美国进入第二次世界大战时，建立血库变得很有必要。A. possible可能的；B. impossible不可能的；C. important重要的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“When the United States entered the Second World War”可知，在战争中会有大量士兵因受伤而缺血，所以建立血库是很有必要的，此处强调基本的必要性，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：Drew博士成为红十字会第一家血库的负责人。A. visitor访客； B. head负责人；C. receiver接收者；D. supporter支持者。根据语境可知，Drew博士对血库缺血的事情进行了研究，所以在二战期间，他成为了红十字会第一家血库的负责人。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当红十字会开始建立血库为在战斗中受伤的人收集和储存血液时，美国黑人和白人一起献血。A. started 开始、建立； B. expected 期望；C. promised 承诺；D. forbade 禁止。根据下文“black American gave blood along with the whites.”可知，红字会开始建立血库后，黑人和白人一起献血。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当红十字会开始建立血库为在战斗中受伤的人收集和储存血液时，美国黑人和白人一起献血。A. died死亡；B. killed杀死；C. wounded 受伤；D. fighting战斗。根据上文“collect and store blood”可知，为在战场上受伤的士兵收集和储存血液。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：起初他们的血液不被接受。A. at most 最多；B. at least最少；C. at first最初；D. at last最后。根据下文“Later blood from the blacks was ____8____ but was stored in a____9____ place from “white” blood.”可知，一开始黑人的血液不被接受，后来被分开存放，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：后来，黑人的血液被接受，但被储存在与“白人”血液分开的地方。A. received收到；B. accepted 接受；C. lost 丢失；D. found 找回。根据下文“but was stored in a____9____ place from “white” blood”可知，后来黑人的血液被接受了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：后来，黑人的血液被接受，但被储存在与“白人”血液分开的地方。A. good好；B. cool 凉爽的；C. hot 热的；D. separate分开的。根据but可知，虽然黑人的血被接受了，但是和白人的血分开存放。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：尽管最好的医生坚持认为黑人和白人的血液没有任何区别，但红十字会在政府的支持下，继续将黑人血液与白人血液分开。A. discovered发现；B. invented发明；C. insisted坚持认为；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“to separate black blood from white blood.”可知，虽然最好的医生认为黑人的血和白人的血没有区别，但是红字会还是继续把黑人的血和白人的血分开。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管最好的医生坚持认为黑人和白人的血液没有任何区别，但红十字会在政府的支持下，继续将黑人血液与白人血液分开。A. little小；B. much 很多；C. some 一些； D. no 没有。根据下文“to separate black blood from white blood.”可知，虽然最好的医生认为黑人的血和白人的血没有区别，但是红字会还是继续把黑人的血和白人的血分开。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：尽管最好的医生坚持认为黑人和白人的血液没有任何区别，但红十字会在政府的支持下，继续将黑人血液与白人血液分开。A. began开始； B. refused拒绝；C. stopped 停止；D. continued继续。根据句意可知，虽然最好的医生认为黑人的血和白人的血没有区别，但是红字会还是继续把黑人的血和白人的血分开。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：战后，Drew博士和其他三名医生从华盛顿驱车前往南部一个州参加医疗会议。A. driving 开车；B. walking 步行；C. arriving 到达；D. traveling 旅行。根据下文their car可知，他们是开车去的。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：在北卡罗来纳州，他们的车掉进了沟里，Drew博士受了重伤。A. from从；B. into 进入；C. along 沿着；D. off 远离。根据a ditch（深沟）可知，他们的车掉进了深沟里。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：在北卡罗来纳州，他们的车掉进了沟里，Drew博士受了重伤。A. hardly几乎没有；B. nearly 几乎；C. badly 严重地；D. rarely 很少。根据上文“In northern Carolina their car went ____14____ a ditch（深沟）”可知，因为他们的车掉进深沟里，所以Drew博士受了重伤。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共55分)
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The novel coronavirus(冠状病毒), which____36____(originate)in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has now spread to 12countries, has much in common ____37____ seasonal flu. They are both viral infections, share similar symptoms and crucially(关键地）can spread from human to human. In the midst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere, ____38____(tell) the difference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread.
Human coronaviruses, of which there are four, can cause respiratory (呼吸道)infections similar to flu: while many symptoms are mild, both can lead to pneumonia（肺炎） and become lethal（致命的）. ____39____, the novel coronavirus is more serious than ____40____ "typical influenza infection,(流感)"says Ian Jones, a professor of virology at the University of Reading. "This virus appears to go____41____(far) down into the lungs than would generally be the case. Therefore, it will give you____42____ (symptom) of pneumonia(肺炎): the lungs becoming flooded, they don't function very well and the patient gets into breathing difficulty."
While the mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel coronavirus may end up being similar, humans' ability ____43____(fight) off the viruses differs greatly.
Humans have naturally built up antibodies to seasonal flu and annual vaccines____44____(develop) to fight it. During a pandemic( 流行病), which the new coronavirus has the potential to become, "there is no immunity( 免疫性 ) in the population so you have potential for a ____45____(globe) spread," warns Jones.
【答案】36. originated
37. with 38. telling
39. However 40. a
41. further
42. symptoms
43. to fight
44. have been developed
45. global
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新型冠状病毒肺炎与季节性流感有相似之处，在二者之间做出区分对于抑制新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播极为重要。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：新型冠状病毒起源于中国武汉，现在已蔓延到12个国家，与季节性流感有很多共同点。分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可知时态为一般过去时态。故填originated。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：新型冠状病毒起源于中国武汉，现在已蔓延到12个国家，与季节性流感有很多共同点。根据句意可知，本题考查短语have in common with… “与…有相同之处”。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意为：在北半球大部分地区的流感季节中，说出两者之间的区别对于阻止其传播至关重要。分析句子结构可知，______the difference在句中作主语，空处应用动名词。故填telling。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意为：然而，雷丁大学病毒学教授伊恩·琼斯说，新型冠状病毒肺炎比典型的流感感染更为严重。分析句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，且设空处后有逗号，故填However。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，雷丁大学病毒学教授伊恩·琼斯说，新型冠状病毒肺炎比一种典型的流感感染更为严重。此处泛指一种“典型的流感感染”，应用不定冠词，且 typical的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意为：新型冠状病毒似乎比一般情况更深入肺部。由空后的than可知，此处表示比较意义，为程度上的“更深入”。故填 further。
【42题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意为：因此，它会产生肺炎的症状：肺部被淹没，功能不正常，患者呼吸困难。根据句意可知，肺炎的症状不止一种，且 symptom为可数名词，所以要用复数形式。故填 symptoms。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然流感和新型冠状病毒的死亡率和症状可能会相似，但人类抵御病毒的能力却大不相同。分析句子结构可知，句中已经有谓语动词，空处作后置定语修饰 ability，表示“……的能力”，应用动词不定式。故填to fight。
【44题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：人类天生就会对季节性流感产生抗体，每年人们都会研制出疫苗来对抗流感。由句意可知，develop与 vaccines(复数形式)为被动关系，且由and前的分句的时态可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填 have been developed。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：琼斯警告说，在新冠状病毒有可能成为的大流行期间，“人群中没有免疫力，因此有可能在全球传播。”分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词作定语，所以要用形容词。故填global。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，当前新冠状病毒肆虐，请你围绕“从小事做起共战疫情”这一主题，给全校学生写一封英文倡议书。
要点如下：
1. 倡议的原因和目的；
2. 倡议的具体内容；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear schoolmates,
The novel coronavirus has made its way around China. Faced with the crisis, we students should respond actively to the appeal from authority and experts. To ease the serious condition, all of students had better do as follows.
First, stay at home and don’t go out if not necessary. Be responsible for yourself and others. In addition, do wear masks while you are in the open air. Washing hands as often as possible is needed, too. Most importantly, everyone should have a positive attitude to the campaign with the disease.
My dear friends, there may be a long way to go for us, but we should have faith in the fact that tomorrow is another day.
The Students’ Union
Apr. 26th, 2020
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“从小事做起共战疫情”这一主题写一封倡议书，号召全校学生共同努力携手共战疫情。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
人称：第一人称为主
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 倡议的原因和目的；
2. 倡议的具体内容；
3. 发出倡议。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
the novel coronavirus；make one’s way；be responsible for；have a positive attitude to；have faith in
第三步：连词成句
1. The novel virus has made its way around China.
2. Be responsible for yourself and others.
3. everyone should have a positive attitude to the campaign with the disease.
4. but we should have faith in the fact that tomorrow is another day.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如stay at home and don't go out if not necessary这句话中用了if引导的条件状语从句；使用了非谓语动词结构，如Washing hands as often as possible is needed, too这句话中，用了现在分词做主语；使用了非常好的短语，如make one’s way，be responsible for，have a positive attitude to等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如 First，In addition，Most importantly。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为150左右。
Long ago, there was a big apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He climbed to the top of the tree, ate the apples, and took a nap under the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.
As time went by, the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.
One day, the boy came back to the tree, appearing sad. “Come and play with me," the tree asked the boy gently.
“I am no longer a kid； I won't play around trees anymore," the boy replied, “I want toys. I need money to buy them. ”
Sorry, but I don't have money. However, you can pick all my apples and sell them. Then, you will have money." They boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy didn't come back after that.
The tree was upset.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so joyful. “Come and play with me," the tree said.
“I don't have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " “Sorry, I don't have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house. ” So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left with delight.
The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn't appear since then. The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. “Come and play with me!” the tree requested.
“I am sad and becoming old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " “Use my trunk to build the boat and you can sail and be happy. ” So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.
Paragraph 1:
Many years later, the boy finally returned.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The apple tree is our mother.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Many years later, the boy finally returned. Tired, he returned to the apple tree. Seeing him, the tree said, “I’m sorry, boy, but now I have nothing for you.” “I don’t intend to get anything from you. With time going by, I come to realize nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest.” said the boy. Hearing this, the tree smiled with relief, adding, “my dying trunk is suitable for you. Please come here and rest.” The boy did as told and the tree smiled heartily.
Paragraph 2:
The apple tree is our mother. When we are young, she tries to attend to and play with us. After growing up, we leave her for some reasons and only come back when in trouble. But she is always out there, devoting whatever she owns without complaint. It is our happiness, rather than rewards, that she desires for. Therefore, try to put ourselves in her situation and show concern for her.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，文章讲述了一个小男孩与苹果树的故事：苹果树无止境的满足着小男孩，当小男孩老时，才了解到苹果树对自己的真正意义。这个故事中的苹果树就像是我们的父母，总是给我们想要的一切。
【详解】续写第一段开头为：许多年后，那个男孩终于回来了。…后面应该写孩子又来到苹果树下，苹果树只剩下树根了，再也没有东西可以给予男孩，只能供其休息了。
续写第二段开头为：苹果树就是我们的妈妈。…后面应该写苹果树就像我们的妈妈。当我们小的时候，我们喜欢和妈妈一起玩。等我们长大了，我们就离开妈妈。只有当我们有需要或者遇到麻烦的时候才回到她身边。无论怎样，妈妈都一直在那里，尽一切所能提供我们所需要的，只为我们快乐。
【点睛】With time going by, I come to realize nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest.（高分句型一）
句中With time going by为with的复合结构作状语，后面realize后接宾语从句。
随着时间的流逝，我逐渐意识到，没有什么比一个舒适的地方休息更好。
But she is always out there, devoting whatever she owns without complaint. （高分句型二）
句中devoting后为现在分词作状语，devoting后接的也是宾语从句。
但她总是在那里，无怨无悔地贡献任何她所拥有的。
考生恰当运用复合句型，显示很高的英语驾驭能力，是一篇优秀的文章。
