2021-2022学年上学期期末考试高一试题
英语
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tonight
A. Watch a movie with Henry. B. Have dinner with John. C. Give John a call.
2. Where is the man from
A. Portugal. B. Morocco. C. Andorra.
3. Why could the woman cook
A. She took a cooking class. B. Her father taught her. C. She taught herself.
4. How long does a flight to Madrid from the woman's city take
A. About 2.5 hours. B. About 6.5 hours. C. About 7 hours.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Europeans' breakfast. B. Europeans' table manners. C. Europeans' favorite vegetables.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。
6. What's the most probable relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Tourist and guide.
7. What does the woman suggest doing today
A. Staying at home. B. Going to a market. C. Visiting some kids.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9小题。
8. What did David do on his birthday last year
A. He held a birthday party. B. He helped homeless men. C. He celebrated with his family.
9. What does the woman think of David's idea
A. Terrible. B. Common. C. Special
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题。
10. What's Henry's purpose of playing with Tom
A. To arouse his interest to maths. B. To teach him a fun game. C. To help him relax.
11. Where is Karen now
A. In the garden. B. In her room. C. At the park.
12. When will the family go to a movie
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16小题。
13. What's the woman's plan for the weekend
A. Going hiking. B. Going swimming. C. Going diving.
14. How did the woman overcome her fear of making the jump
A. She read an excellent book. B. She was inspired by her coach. C. She was encouraged by her father.
15. What is Gaia Cornwall
A. A writer. B. A swimmer. C. A coach
16. What will the man do
A. Borrow a book from Lucy. B. Search for a book online. C. Buy a book for Tom.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20小题。
17. How long does the tour last
A. 16. B. 18. C. 21.
18. Where will the listeners stay from Day 6 to Day 10
A. In Shanghai. B. In Chengdu. C. In Dunhuang.
19. On which day will the listeners arrive in Beijing
A. The first day. B. The eleventh day. C. The fifteenth day.
20. Where is most probably the speaker now
A. In a hotel. B. At the airport. C. On a tour bus.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Top Trends in IT for 2021
Quantum computing
Like its name suggests, quantum computing is based on the principles of quantum theory.
Different from traditional computers, quantum computers can handle complex operations at speeds much faster than traditional computers without needing as much energy.
Quantum computers have proven to be especially helpful during the pandemic of COVID-19. For instance, they were used to search for potential vaccines and find other treatments to help affected people. Its potential will be explored more in 2021.
Working from home
"There is no real going back to normal,” Gerard Grech, CEO of networking company Tech Nation, told Wired magazine, "The pandemic has given us an opportunity to rethink how we work and why.”
After working from home for much of 2020, some companies noticed an increase in productivity, when their employees worked remotely. Not only that, but providing this option can also help cut down operating costs for companies.
This is great news for workers, too, as many people have wanted more flexibility with their work. More types of workspaces with work from home options will grow rapidly this year.
Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity has recently become more important because people are more dependent on working online. In fact, according to Forbes, hackers took advantage of the pandemic and increased cyber-attacks worldwide.
One solution is the cybersecurity mesh. This method puts a security barrier around each individual instead of around the company or organization.
Going into 2021 and beyond, cybersecurity will become important as our world becomes even more digitalized and interconnected.
1. How is a quantum computer different from a traditional one
A. A quantum computer takes less space. B. A quantum computer needs more energy.
C. A quantum computer operates at a higher speed. D. A quantum computer costs less.
2. Which is NOT the benefit of working from home
A. An improvement in productivity. B. A decrease in operating costs.
C Flexibility with one's work. D. An increase in working time.
3. What's the function of the cybersecurity mesh
A. Defending companies against cyber attacks. B. Protecting individuals from cyber attacks.
C. Setting a security barrier around organizations. D. Providing individuals with a digitalized world.
B
My granddaughter entertains herself outside a closed shop. I have no idea what day it is—haven't known for 10 months.
I have moved to a different city to provide child care so my daughter can work.
Everything that I observe these days is from a toddler's(学步儿童的)eye view. I must be experiencing time and place in a way I haven't done since before I had memories. I am impressed by what matters to this child at any given moment.
My job is to wait and watch. Let her try things, soothe her when she falls down, keep her safe. Bring snacks, push her on a swing, but mostly let her be. Tell her the names of all the things she points to. Take her hand when she offers it because she is in slightly unfamiliar areas.
The two of us never hurry. This lifestyle change astonishes me every day. There are no play groups, no library story times, no swimming classes. No other children at all, except from a distance at the playground.
In March 2020, I lost my younger daughter. I can't say it was entirely unexpected. My younger daughter battled mental illness. She was only 27 years old. She put herself through long treatment programs and hours of therapy in pursuit of pain relief.
In March, it was as if the whole world went on leave with me. I had company for a few brief days after my younger daughter's death, and then I was alone. I had long phone conversations and watched my granddaughter play every day through a tablet. I signed up for the various things that might help my suffering.
It was the physical isolation(隔离)that was unbearable. I went 15 weeks without touching another person. Now a very small girl waits for me, watches me, soothes me, keeps me safe, and takes my hand.
4. What is the author's child care job
A. Accompany her granddaughter to play groups. B. Take her granddaughter to swimming classes.
C. Go to the library to read books with her granddaughter. D. Let her granddaughter try things and keep her safe.
5. What does the underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 4 probably mean ）
A. Gently calm. B. Slightly shake. C. Bitterly complain to. D. Loudly shout at.
6. What impresses the author when she takes care of her granddaughter
A. Days she spends with the child. B. Places they visit together.
C. Things the child cares about. D. Childhood memories they value.
7. What's the meaning behind taking care of my granddaughter
A. It takes my attention away from life's painful moments.
B. It frees my daughter from housework and allows her to pursue her dream.
C. It makes me interested in children's education.
D. It bridges the generation gap between my granddaughter and me.
C
In 2015 the project of an architectural (建筑方面的) company won the most important art award in Britain, the Turner Prize. The Turner Prize was established to celebrate developments in contemporary art, which is the art of today. The win by the company, named Assemble, was a surprise as architectural projects are not usually seen as art.
The Turner Prize website describes Assemble as a company from London “who works across the fields of art, design and architecture to create projects with the communities who use and inhabit them.” They won the prize because they work with local people in an ongoing way when they do a project.
The project that they won the prize for is called Granby Four Streets, which is in Liverpool. The Granby Four Streets are four streets of terraced houses in an area called Toxteth in Liverpool, a city where the famous music group, the Beatles, came from. In fact, terraced houses were a terrible eyesore in the city. One could hardly believe these rows of houses, in such a bad state, were right in the inner city of a big British city.
However, over the past ten years, local people have cleaned the streets, planted trees and flowers in them, painted the empty houses and organized a busy monthly street market. They also founded a Community Land Trust to take care of the terraced houses. A Community Land Trust is a not-for-profit organization run by volunteers that delivers housing and other community facilities at affordable levels or local people. Their goal was to get the area beautiful and livable again to make their city a better place.
Local resident Hazel Tilley was asked if Assemble's work was really art. She replied, "It's recognizing the humanity in art. It's not this piece of work of art that goes into some rich person's warehouse; this is something that you live with. And it's art for the people.”
8. Why was the win by the company named Assemble unexpected
A. Because Assemble's work appeals to many communities.
B. Because architecture projects are seldom referred to as art.
C. Because Assemble is a company working across many fields.
D. Because the Turner Prize website views Assemble as a community.
9. What can we know about the terraced houses in Toxteth
A. These terraced houses were rows of houses in a good state.
B. These terraced houses were sold by the Community Land Trust for profit.
C. The Beatles, a famous music group, once lived in one of these terraced houses.
D. Local people set up the Community Land Trust to tend to these terraced houses.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. The reason why the Community Land Trust was set up.
B. The benefits that local people have got from the community.
C The efforts that people have made to improve the community.
D. The influence that the Community Land Trust has had on the city.
11. What is Hazel Tilley's attitude to Assemble's work
A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
D
Rhinos once lived throughout Eurasia and Africa but now are only found in very small parts of Asia and Africa. There are many false beliefs that a rhino horn can cure medical problems. Every year in Africa, hundreds of rhinos are killed for their horns. The horn is usually cut so deep that the rhino is left to bleed to death. So, environmentalists cut off the rhino horn, leaving behind just a small amount to prevent the animal being killed for the horn. However, many hunters will kill a rhino for that small remaining stump. Very soon, rhinos are dying out. But why should we care about this Rhinos are far away from us.
The World Wild life Fund(WWF) argues that we should set aside reserves to protect rhinos, as well as animals and plants that live in the same areas. Rhinos are one of the most popular animals that people go to Africa to see. It is the same with pandas in China. Many people especially visit China to see the pandas, which is good for the economy of these areas. In addition, they have increased the status of China in the world as people are impressed with the work that the Chinese are doing to save their wildlife.
But beyond these practical and economic reasons that benefit humans, there is another argument for saving animals from extinction. This argument is based on the animals themselves—every animal, however small or seemingly insignificant, is interesting, unique and beautiful in its own way. They are deserving protection, even if it means that humans lose areas in which to live and farm.
However, there is a new way of thinking about protection. That is, we can't take care of ourselves without also protecting nature. In specific situations we might choose to favor man and, in others, nature, but overall, we have to protect both. Because it's not just a matter of the direct goods that ecosystems offer us. Instead, it's about seeing the needs of human society and wild ecosystems as inseparable. This view is called “nature and people”.
12. What does the first paragraph serve as
A. An introduction. B. A comment. C. An explanation. D. An example.
13. Why do environmentalists cut off part of the rhino horns
A. Because they value the practical worth of rhino horns.
B. Because they believe rhino horns can cure people of diseases.
C. Because they intend to keep rhinos from being killed by hunters.
D. Because they want to use rhino horns to provide financial support.
14. What can we infer from the new way of thinking about protection
A. We choose to live in harmony with nature.
B. We would like to protect significant creatures.
C. We prefer to favor man rather than protect nature.
D. We are more likely to value the direct goods from nature.
15. Which of the following is the main point of the passage
A. The ways that environmentalists set up nature reserves.
B. The profit that environmentalists gain from protecting animals.
C The action that environmentalists take to save wildlife.
D. The reason why environmentalists save wildlife.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying in touch during the pandemic means reaching for the phone to call friends and loved ones while we’re apart. ____16____ The situation can lead to fear and leave them exhausted.
Many people dislike phone calls, but those with phone anxiety will often delay and avoid calls or feel nervous before, during, and after a call. ____17____
If you feel worried about talking on the phone, you probably feel pressure about time limits, awareness of your performance, and just rules of phone etiquette(礼仪).
____18____ First, try to adapt to the way that you think about the call. Consider why you are feeling nervous. You might say to yourself “If so-and-so didn’t want to talk, then they wouldn’t have answered” or “So what if I trip over my words ____19____” The key is changing your thought process in order to see that what seems like a big deal to you isn’t for the other person.
____20____ Make sure it’s an achievable one. It might be to talk for ten minutes and ask two questions. That’s a much more reachable goal than one such as “Make sure to sound excited.” When the call is done, take time to figure out what went well to motivate yourself.
Over time, set higher goals, and with more exposure, your anxieties will ease. Practice will make you more confident to stop postponing and start dialing.
A. Then, set a goal.
B. Next, find a reason to encourage yourself.
C. So, then, how do we get over phone anxiety
D. Here are some useful examples for you to follow.
E. It won’t be the first or last time they’ll hear a mistake.
F. But for some people making a phone call means being filled with stress.
G. There are several reasons that contribute to phone fears and several ways to handle them.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An 89-year-old man from the American state of Rhode Island has reached a ____21____ he spent 20 years working toward and nearly a lifetime thinking about. He earned his doctorate, or Ph.D., and became a physicist.
Manfred Steiner ____22____ finished his dissertation recently at Brown University in Providence. The old man ____23____ this degree because it is what he always wanted-and because he ____24____ health problems that were caused by his age and could have had an influence on his studies.
As a young person in Vienna, Austria, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about Albert Einstein. ____25____ after World WarⅡ, his mother and uncle advised him that studying medicine would be a ____26____ choice. He earned his medical degree from the University of Vienna in 1955 and moved to the United States soon after.
In the United States, he had a successful ____27____ studying hematology. He became a full professor and ____28____ the hematology department at Brown's medical school from 1985 to 1994. Steiner helped establish a research program in hematology at the University of North Carolina and directed that program ____29____ he retired from medicine in 2000 and returned to Rhode Island.
Steiner found ____30____ research pleasing, but it was not quite the same as his ____31____ in physics. “I really don't want to spend my life just sitting around and maybe doing a little golfing or doing something like that. I want to keep ____32____ .” Steiner said.
At age 70, he started ____33____ undergraduate classes at Brown. And by 2007, he had earned enough credits to join the doctoral program. After the university ____34____ a story about Steiner on its website, people across the US contacted him to ask for advice on how to ____35____ their dreams later in life. He said his advice is: Do what you love to do.
21. A. opportunity B. process C. balance D. goal
22. A. luckily B. successfully C. hopefully D. originally
23. A. values B. recognizes C. represents D. displays
24 A. overcame B. combined C. lost D. adapted
25. A. So B. Despite C. But D. Then
26. A. better B. worse C. positive D. content
27. A. position B. work C. task D. career
28. A. observed B. inspired C. led D. handled
29. A. until B. when C. if D. since
30. A. physical B. medical C. artistic D. literal
31. A. hobby B. interest C. aim D. option
32 A. negative B. active C. attractive D. impressive
33. A. joining B. designing C. taking D. requesting
34. A. existed B. made C. decorated D. published
35. A. go after B. go through C. get across D. get around
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Oct. 20, the welcoming ceremony for the Olympic torch was held at the Olympic Tower, ____36____ impressive landmark of the 2008 Beijing Summer Games.
The ceremony acquired added importance because Beijing is the first city ____37____ (host) both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Beijing started preparing ____38____ it the moment Beijing successfully bid (竞标) to host the 2022 Winter Olympics more than six years ago. The uncertainties of the COVID-19 pandemic make ____39____ difficult for the organizers, the athletes and other participants to deal with the current situation. ____40____ (hopeful), they will spare no effort to uphold the Olympic spirit, which will strengthen the international ____41____ (determine) to fight against the global pandemic, create a safe atmosphere for everyone at the Winter Games, and make it a grand success.
China ____42____ (take) many measures to promote the construction of the ice and snow sports venues (场馆) till now. By ____43____ (work) with many European countries that have hosted Winter Olympics, China have got a lot of help from ____44____ (experience) European experts. The organizers have ensured that the venues are ready and all facilities are in place for the Games, ____45____ draws praise from the International Olympic Committee's Coordination Commission.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的学校将举行诗歌朗诵（recitation）大赛，请以学生会的名义给国际部的学生发一则通知，欢迎感兴趣的同学参加观看。
要点：
1. 活动时间地点。
2. 活动内容。
3. 出席活动注意事项。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80词左右。
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。
Since I was young, I always enjoyed cooking. Every night I would sit in the kitchen and watch my mother make dinner. I had a toy set of pots and pans, and would copy her actions at the table—pretending to pour in ingredients and mix them excitedly just as she did. On Sundays, my grandmother would make us a huge family dinner. A dish cooked from a charred chicken with flavored sauce enjoyed great popularity with us. Watching her in the kitchen was like watching an artist at work. She never needed a cookbook, never had to follow a recipe. Everything was second nature. I couldn't wait to learn to cook myself.
So it was no surprise when as an adult I decided to be a chef. I had worked in a number of kitchens over the years, but when I got the chance to be the head chef at a new restaurant, I could not have been more excited.
On the first night the restaurant opened, I proudly put my apron on and prepared for success. Soon, orders came in, and the kitchen was at full staff running in every direction. There were many waiters coming in and out, and cooks walking between stations. It was very exciting, but a bit stressful. There was so much to do and a lot of pressure to do it perfectly. It seemed like the crowd was not slowing down.
I was hurrying to gather ingredients from the shelves and fill the orders when there was a scream from the other side of the kitchen. Looking over, I saw one of the other cooks holding her hand in pain. She had burned her fingers on a pan. I ran over to help, and as we placed her hand under cold water, a puff of smoke started to rise out of the oven.
“Oh, no!” I screamed. I reached the oven just in time to open the door and see the charred remains of a roast. Placing my hand on my head, I thought the night couldn't get much worse. One of the waiters came into the kitchen, looking very worried. Wiping the sweat off his forehead, he said anxiously, “The guests are asking for the roast.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1:
I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5ABBCA 6-10ABACA 11-15CBACA 16-20BCBCC2021-2022学年上学期期末考试高一试题
英语
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tonight
A. Watch a movie with Henry. B. Have dinner with John. C. Give John a call.
2. Where is the man from
A. Portugal. B. Morocco. C. Andorra.
3. Why could the woman cook
A. She took a cooking class. B. Her father taught her. C. She taught herself.
4. How long does a flight to Madrid from the woman's city take
A. About 2.5 hours. B. About 6.5 hours. C. About 7 hours.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Europeans' breakfast. B. Europeans' table manners. C. Europeans' favorite vegetables.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。
6. What's the most probable relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Tourist and guide.
7. What does the woman suggest doing today
A. Staying at home. B. Going to a market. C. Visiting some kids.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9小题。
8. What did David do on his birthday last year
A. He held a birthday party. B. He helped homeless men. C. He celebrated with his family.
9. What does the woman think of David's idea
A. Terrible. B. Common. C. Special
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题。
10. What's Henry's purpose of playing with Tom
A. To arouse his interest to maths. B. To teach him a fun game. C. To help him relax.
11. Where is Karen now
A. In the garden. B. In her room. C. At the park.
12. When will the family go to a movie
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16小题。
13. What's the woman's plan for the weekend
A. Going hiking. B. Going swimming. C. Going diving.
14. How did the woman overcome her fear of making the jump
A. She read an excellent book. B. She was inspired by her coach. C. She was encouraged by her father.
15. What is Gaia Cornwall
A. A writer. B. A swimmer. C. A coach
16. What will the man do
A. Borrow a book from Lucy. B. Search for a book online. C. Buy a book for Tom.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20小题。
17. How long does the tour last
A. 16. B. 18. C. 21.
18. Where will the listeners stay from Day 6 to Day 10
A. In Shanghai. B. In Chengdu. C. In Dunhuang.
19. On which day will the listeners arrive in Beijing
A. The first day. B. The eleventh day. C. The fifteenth day.
20. Where is most probably the speaker now
A. In a hotel. B. At the airport. C. On a tour bus.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Top Trends in IT for 2021
Quantum computing
Like its name suggests, quantum computing is based on the principles of quantum theory.
Different from traditional computers, quantum computers can handle complex operations at speeds much faster than traditional computers without needing as much energy.
Quantum computers have proven to be especially helpful during the pandemic of COVID-19. For instance, they were used to search for potential vaccines and find other treatments to help affected people. Its potential will be explored more in 2021.
Working from home
"There is no real going back to normal,” Gerard Grech, CEO of networking company Tech Nation, told Wired magazine, "The pandemic has given us an opportunity to rethink how we work and why.”
After working from home for much of 2020, some companies noticed an increase in productivity, when their employees worked remotely. Not only that, but providing this option can also help cut down operating costs for companies.
This is great news for workers, too, as many people have wanted more flexibility with their work. More types of workspaces with work from home options will grow rapidly this year.
Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity has recently become more important because people are more dependent on working online. In fact according to Forbes, hackers took advantage of the pandemic and increased cyber-attacks worldwide.
One solution is the cybersecurity mesh. This method puts a security barrier around each individual instead of around the company or organization.
Going into 2021 and beyond, cybersecurity will become important as our world becomes even more digitalized and interconnected.
1. How is a quantum computer different from a traditional one
A. A quantum computer takes less space. B. A quantum computer needs more energy.
C. A quantum computer operates at a higher speed. D. A quantum computer costs less.
2. Which is NOT the benefit of working from home
A. An improvement in productivity. B. A decrease in operating costs.
C. Flexibility with one's work. D. An increase in working time.
3. What's the function of the cybersecurity mesh
A. Defending companies against cyber attacks. B. Protecting individuals from cyber attacks.
C. Setting a security barrier around organizations. D. Providing individuals with a digitalized world.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个2021年IT行业的主要趋势。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Different from traditional computers, quantum computers can handle complex operations at speeds much faster than traditional computers without needing as much energy.(与传统计算机不同的是，量子计算机可以以比传统计算机快得多的速度处理复杂的操作，而不需要那么多的能量)”可知，量子计算机与传统计算机的不同在于量子计算机以更高的速度运行。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Working from home部分中“After working from home for much of 2020, some companies noticed an increase in productivity, when their employees worked remotely. Not only that, but providing this option can also help cut down operating costs for companies.(在2020年的大部分时间里，一些公司注意到，当员工远程工作时，生产率有所提高。 不仅如此，提供这种选择还可以帮助公司降低运营成本)”以及“This is great news for workers, too, as many people have wanted more flexibility with their work.(这对员工来说也是个好消息，因为很多人都希望工作更灵活)”可知，D选项“工作时间的增加”不是在家工作的好处。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One solution is the cybersecurity mesh. This method puts a security barrier around each individual instead of around the company or organization.(一种解决方案是网络安全网络。这种方法为每个人而不是公司或组织设置了安全屏障)”可知，网络安全网络的功能是保护个人免受网络攻击。故选B。
B
My granddaughter entertains herself outside a closed shop. I have no idea what day it is—haven't known for 10 months.
I have moved to a different city to provide child care so my daughter can work.
Everything that I observe these days is from a toddler's(学步儿童的)eye view. I must be experiencing time and place in a way I haven't done since before I had memories. I am impressed by what matters to this child at any given moment.
My job is to wait and watch. Let her try things, soothe her when she falls down, keep her safe. Bring snacks, push her on a swing, but mostly let her be. Tell her the names of all the things she points to. Take her hand when she offers it because she is in slightly unfamiliar areas.
The two of us never hurry. This lifestyle change astonishes me every day. There are no play groups, no library story times, no swimming classes. No other children at all, except from a distance at the playground.
In March 2020, I lost my younger daughter. I can't say it was entirely unexpected. My younger daughter battled mental illness. She was only 27 years old. She put herself through long treatment programs and hours of therapy in pursuit of pain relief.
In March, it was as if the whole world went on leave with me. I had company for a few brief days after my younger daughter's death, and then I was alone. I had long phone conversations and watched my granddaughter play every day through a tablet. I signed up for the various things that might help my suffering.
It was the physical isolation(隔离)that was unbearable. I went 15 weeks without touching another person. Now a very small girl waits for me, watches me, soothes me, keeps me safe, and takes my hand.
4. What is the author's child care job
A. Accompany her granddaughter to play groups. B. Take her granddaughter to swimming classes.
C. Go to the library to read books with her granddaughter. D. Let her granddaughter try things and keep her safe.
5. What does the underlined word “soothe” in paragraph 4 probably mean ）
A. Gently calm. B. Slightly shake. C. Bitterly complain to. D. Loudly shout at.
6. What impresses the author when she takes care of her granddaughter
A. Days she spends with the child. B. Places they visit together.
C. Things the child cares about. D. Childhood memories they value.
7. What's the meaning behind taking care of my granddaughter
A. It takes my attention away from life's painful moments.
B. It frees my daughter from housework and allows her to pursue her dream.
C. It makes me interested in children's education.
D. It bridges the generation gap between my granddaughter and me.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了作者在自己女儿去世后，照顾外孙女的经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段关键句“My job is to wait and watch. Let her try things”（我的工作就是等待和观察。让她尝试事物）及“keep her safe”（保证她的安全）可知，作者的育儿工作是让外孙女尝试事物并保证她的安全。故选D项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段关键信息“when she falls down”（当她摔下来）时，可以推测，当外孙女摔下来时，作者要安慰她，与“Gently calm.”（温柔地使冷静）意思相近。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“I am impressed by what matters to this child at any given moment.”（任何时候对这个孩子来说都重要的东西给我留下了深刻的印象。）可知，当作者照顾外孙女时，孩子关心的事情让她留下了深刻印象。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“In March, it was as if the whole world went on leave with me. I had company for a few brief days after my younger daughter's death, and then I was alone. I had long phone conversations and watched my granddaughter play every day through a tablet.”（3月的时候，好像整个世界都和我一起离开了。我的小女儿去世后，有几个人陪了我几天，然后我就孤身一人了。我每天都打很长时间的电话，看着外孙女玩平板电脑。）及最后一段关键句“Now a very small girl waits for me, watches me, soothes me, keeps me safe, and takes my hand.”（现在一个很小的女孩在等着我，看着我，安慰我，保护我，牵着我的手。）可知，照顾外孙女对于作者来说意味着把作者注意力从生活中的痛苦时刻转移开。故选A项。
C
In 2015 the project of an architectural (建筑方面的) company won the most important art award in Britain, the Turner Prize. The Turner Prize was established to celebrate developments in contemporary art, which is the art of today. The win by the company, named Assemble, was a surprise as architectural projects are not usually seen as art.
The Turner Prize website describes Assemble as a company from London “who works across the fields of art, design and architecture to create projects with the communities who use and inhabit them.” They won the prize because they work with local people in an ongoing way when they do a project.
The project that they won the prize for is called Granby Four Streets, which is in Liverpool. The Granby Four Streets are four streets of terraced houses in an area called Toxteth in Liverpool, a city where the famous music group, the Beatles, came from. In fact, terraced houses were a terrible eyesore in the city. One could hardly believe these rows of houses, in such a bad state, were right in the inner city of a big British city.
However, over the past ten years, local people have cleaned the streets, planted trees and flowers in them, painted the empty houses and organized a busy monthly street market. They also founded a Community Land Trust to take care of the terraced houses. A Community Land Trust is a not-for-profit organization run by volunteers that delivers housing and other community facilities at affordable levels or local people. Their goal was to get the area beautiful and livable again to make their city a better place.
Local resident Hazel Tilley was asked if Assemble's work was really art. She replied, "It's recognizing the humanity in art. It's not this piece of work of art that goes into some rich person's warehouse; this is something that you live with. And it's art for the people.”
8. Why was the win by the company named Assemble unexpected
A. Because Assemble's work appeals to many communities.
B. Because architecture projects are seldom referred to as art.
C. Because Assemble is a company working across many fields.
D. Because the Turner Prize website views Assemble as a community.
9. What can we know about the terraced houses in Toxteth
A. These terraced houses were rows of houses in a good state.
B. These terraced houses were sold by the Community Land Trust for profit.
C. The Beatles, a famous music group, once lived in one of these terraced houses.
D. Local people set up the Community Land Trust to tend to these terraced houses.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. The reason why the Community Land Trust was set up.
B. The benefits that local people have got from the community.
C The efforts that people have made to improve the community.
D. The influence that the Community Land Trust has had on the city.
11. What is Hazel Tilley's attitude to Assemble's work
A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。一家来自英国伦敦的公司Assemble凭借建筑项目获得英国最重要的艺术奖——特纳奖。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“The win by the company, named Assemble, was a surprise as architectural projects are not usually seen as art.(这家名为Assemble的公司的获奖令人惊讶，因为建筑项目通常不被视为艺术)”可知，Assemble公司的获胜出乎意料是因为建筑项目很少被称为艺术。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“They also founded a Community Land Trust to take care of the terraced houses. (他们还成立了一个社区土地信托基金来管理这些排屋)”可知，当地人建立了社区土地信托基金来管理这些排屋。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段关键句“However, over the past ten years, local people have cleaned the streets, planted trees and flowers in them, painted the empty houses and organized a busy monthly street market. They also founded a Community Land Trust to take care of the terraced houses. (然而，在过去的十年里，当地人打扫了街道，在街道上种树种花，粉刷了空房子，每月组织了一次繁忙的街头集市。他们还成立了一个社区土地信托基金来管理这些排屋)”及“Their goal was to get the area beautiful and livable again to make their city a better place. (他们的目标是让这个地区重新变得美丽和宜居，让他们的城市变得更好)”可知，第四段描述了当地人为改善社区进行的努力。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Hazel Tilley所说“It's recognizing the humanity in art. It's not this piece of work of art that goes into some rich person's warehouse; this is something that you live with. And it's art for the people.(它承认艺术中的人性。它不是一件把艺术品放进某个富人的仓库的作品；它是在你身边的。它是人民的艺术)”可知，Hazel Tilley对于Assemble的作品是支持的。故选A项。
D
Rhinos once lived throughout Eurasia and Africa but now are only found in very small parts of Asia and Africa. There are many false beliefs that a rhino horn can cure medical problems. Every year in Africa, hundreds of rhinos are killed for their horns. The horn is usually cut so deep that the rhino is left to bleed to death. So, environmentalists cut off the rhino horn, leaving behind just a small amount to prevent the animal being killed for the horn. However, many hunters will kill a rhino for that small remaining stump. Very soon, rhinos are dying out. But why should we care about this Rhinos are far away from us.
The World Wild life Fund(WWF) argues that we should set aside reserves to protect rhinos, as well as animals and plants that live in the same areas. Rhinos are one of the most popular animals that people go to Africa to see. It is the same with pandas in China. Many people especially visit China to see the pandas, which is good for the economy of these areas. In addition, they have increased the status of China in the world as people are impressed with the work that the Chinese are doing to save their wildlife.
But beyond these practical and economic reasons that benefit humans, there is another argument for saving animals from extinction. This argument is based on the animals themselves—every animal, however small or seemingly insignificant, is interesting, unique and beautiful in its own way. They are deserving protection, even if it means that humans lose areas in which to live and farm.
However, there is a new way of thinking about protection. That is, we can't take care of ourselves without also protecting nature. In specific situations we might choose to favor man and, in others, nature, but overall, we have to protect both. Because it's not just a matter of the direct goods that ecosystems offer us. Instead, it's about seeing the needs of human society and wild ecosystems as inseparable. This view is called “nature and people”.
12. What does the first paragraph serve as
A. An introduction. B. A comment. C. An explanation. D. An example.
13. Why do environmentalists cut off part of the rhino horns
A. Because they value the practical worth of rhino horns.
B. Because they believe rhino horns can cure people of diseases.
C. Because they intend to keep rhinos from being killed by hunters.
D. Because they want to use rhino horns to provide financial support.
14. What can we infer from the new way of thinking about protection
A. We choose to live in harmony with nature.
B. We would like to protect significant creatures.
C. We prefer to favor man rather than protect nature.
D. We are more likely to value the direct goods from nature.
15. Which of the following is the main point of the passage
A. The ways that environmentalists set up nature reserves.
B. The profit that environmentalists gain from protecting animals.
C. The action that environmentalists take to save wildlife.
D. The reason why environmentalists save wildlife.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了环保人士通过剪掉犀牛角的一部分，来保护犀牛不被猎杀，从中引出背后保护动物免于解决的原因以及一种关于保护的新思路。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Rhinos once lived throughout Eurasia and Africa but now are only found in very small parts of Asia and Africa. There are many false beliefs that a rhino horn can cure medical problems. Every year in Africa, hundreds of rhinos are killed for their horns. The horn is usually cut so deep that the rhino is left to bleed to death. So, environmentalists cut off the rhino horn, leaving behind just a small amount to prevent the animal being killed for the horn. However, many hunters will kill a rhino for that small remaining stump. Very soon, rhinos are dying out. But why should we care about this Rhinos are far away from us. (犀牛曾经生活在欧亚大陆和非洲，但现在只在亚洲和非洲的很小一部分地区被发现。有很多错误的观念认为犀牛角可以治愈医学问题。在非洲，每年有数百头犀牛因犀角而被杀害。犀牛角通常被割得很深，导致犀牛流血而死。因此，环保人士切断了犀牛角，只留下少量的犀牛角，以防止犀牛被杀害。然而，许多猎人会为了那一小截残肢而杀死犀牛。犀牛很快就会灭绝。 但我们为什么要关心这个呢？犀牛离我们很远)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章主题。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The horn is usually cut so deep that the rhino is left to bleed to death. So, environmentalists cut off the rhino horn, leaving behind just a small amount to prevent the animal being killed for the horn. (犀牛角通常被割得很深，导致犀牛流血而死。因此，环保人士切断了犀牛角，只留下少量的犀牛角，以防止犀牛被杀害)”可知，环保主义者要剪掉犀牛角的一部分是因为他们打算防止犀牛被猎人杀死。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, there is a new way of thinking about protection. That is, we can't take care of ourselves without also protecting nature. In specific situations we might choose to favor man and, in others, nature, but overall, we have to protect both. Because it's not just a matter of the direct goods that ecosystems offer us. Instead, it's about seeing the needs of human society and wild ecosystems as inseparable. This view is called “nature and people”. (然而，有一种关于保护的新思路。也就是说，如果不保护自然，我们就无法照顾好自己。在特定的情况下，我们可能会选择支持人类，而在其他情况下，我们可能会选择支持自然，但总的来说，我们必须保护两者。因为这不仅仅是生态系统提供给我们的直接好处的问题。相反，它是关于人类社会和野生生态系统的需求是不可分割的。这种观点被称为“自然与人”)”可推知，我们可以从新的保护思维方式中推断出我们选择与自然和谐相处。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Very soon, rhinos are dying out. But why should we care about this Rhinos are far away from us.(犀牛很快就会灭绝。但我们为什么要关心这个呢？犀牛离我们很远)”结合文章主要说明了环保人士通过剪掉犀牛角的一部分，来保护犀牛不被猎杀，从中引出背后保护动物免于解决的原因以及一种关于保护的新思路。可知，文章的主要观点是环保主义者保护野生动物的原因。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying in touch during the pandemic means reaching for the phone to call friends and loved ones while we’re apart. ____16____ The situation can lead to fear and leave them exhausted.
Many people dislike phone calls, but those with phone anxiety will often delay and avoid calls or feel nervous before, during, and after a call. ____17____
If you feel worried about talking on the phone, you probably feel pressure about time limits, awareness of your performance, and just rules of phone etiquette(礼仪).
____18____ First, try to adapt to the way that you think about the call. Consider why you are feeling nervous. You might say to yourself “If so-and-so didn’t want to talk, then they wouldn’t have answered” or “So what if I trip over my words ____19____” The key is changing your thought process in order to see that what seems like a big deal to you isn’t for the other person.
____20____ Make sure it’s an achievable one. It might be to talk for ten minutes and ask two questions. That’s a much more reachable goal than one such as “Make sure to sound excited.” When the call is done, take time to figure out what went well to motivate yourself.
Over time, set higher goals, and with more exposure, your anxieties will ease. Practice will make you more confident to stop postponing and start dialing.
A. Then, set a goal.
B. Next, find a reason to encourage yourself.
C. So, then, how do we get over phone anxiety
D. Here are some useful examples for you to follow.
E. It won’t be the first or last time they’ll hear a mistake.
F. But for some people making a phone call means being filled with stress.
G. There are several reasons that contribute to phone fears and several ways to handle them.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了电话焦虑产生的原因及克服它的方法。
【16题详解】
空前“Staying in touch during the pandemic means reaching for the phone to call friends and loved ones while we’re apart.（在疫情期间保持联系意味着在我们分开时，要拿起电话给朋友和亲人打电话）”表示疫情期间要与朋友、亲人保持通话；空后“The situation can lead to fear and leave them exhausted.（这种情况会导致恐惧，让他们精疲力竭）”可知，空处描述打电话带来的负面影响；F选项“But for some people making a phone call means being filled with stress.（但对一些人来说，打电话意味着充满压力）”引起下文，符合此处语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
空前“Many people dislike phone calls, but those with phone anxiety will often delay and avoid calls or feel nervous before, during, and after a call.（很多人不喜欢打电话，但那些有电话焦虑症的人往往会推迟和避免打电话，或者在打电话前、中、后都感到紧张）”描述患有电话焦虑症的人群在打电话时的表现，下文描述导致电话恐惧的原因和应对方法，由此推知空处句子应承上启下；G选项“There are several reasons that contribute to phone fears and several ways to handle them.（有几个原因导致了对电话的恐惧，也有一些应对的方法）”为下文总起句。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由空后一句“First, try to adapt to the way that you think about the call.（首先，试着适应你对电话的看法）”及下文内容可知，下文描述如何应对电话焦虑；C选项“So, then, how do we get over phone anxiety （那么，我们如何克服电话焦虑呢）”引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
空前“You might say to yourself “If so-and-so didn’t want to talk, then they wouldn’t have answered” or “So what if I trip over my words ”（你可能会对自己说“如果某某人不想说话，他们就不会回答”或者“如果我说错话了怎么办？”）”为产生电话焦虑背后的想法，空后“The key is changing your thought process in order to see that what seems like a big deal to you isn’t for the other person.（关键是要改变你的思维过程，这样你才能明白，对你来说很重要的事情，对其他人来说并不重要）”表示我们应该如何处理这些引起紧张的想法；E选项“It won’t be the first or last time they’ll hear a mistake.（这不会是他们第一次或最后一次听到错误）”同样描述错误的产生，与前一句trip over my words 对应，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
空处为本段的主旨句，空后一句“Make sure it’s an achievable one.（确保这是一个可以实现的）”可知，one指代前一句中的内容；A选项“Then, set a goal.（然后，设立一个目标）”表示第二种克服电话焦虑的方法是设立一个目标，Then与前文First对应。故选A项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An 89-year-old man from the American state of Rhode Island has reached a ____21____ he spent 20 years working toward and nearly a lifetime thinking about. He earned his doctorate, or Ph.D., and became a physicist.
Manfred Steiner ____22____ finished his dissertation recently at Brown University in Providence. The old man ____23____ this degree because it is what he always wanted-and because he ____24____ health problems that were caused by his age and could have had an influence on his studies.
As a young person in Vienna, Austria, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about Albert Einstein. ____25____ after World WarⅡ, his mother and uncle advised him that studying medicine would be a ____26____ choice. He earned his medical degree from the University of Vienna in 1955 and moved to the United States soon after.
In the United States, he had a successful ____27____ studying hematology. He became a full professor and ____28____ the hematology department at Brown's medical school from 1985 to 1994. Steiner helped establish a research program in hematology at the University of North Carolina and directed that program ____29____ he retired from medicine in 2000 and returned to Rhode Island.
Steiner found ____30____ research pleasing, but it was not quite the same as his ____31____ in physics. “I really don't want to spend my life just sitting around and maybe doing a little golfing or doing something like that. I want to keep ____32____ .” Steiner said.
At age 70 he started ____33____ undergraduate classes at Brown. And by 2007, he had earned enough credits to join the doctoral program. After the university ____34____ a story about Steiner on its website, people across the US contacted him to ask for advice on how to ____35____ their dreams later in life. He said his advice is: Do what you love to do.
21. A. opportunity B. process C. balance D. goal
22. A. luckily B. successfully C. hopefully D. originally
23. A. values B. recognizes C. represents D. displays
24. A. overcame B. combined C. lost D. adapted
25. A. So B. Despite C. But D. Then
26. A. better B. worse C. positive D. content
27. A. position B. work C. task D. career
28. A. observed B. inspired C. led D. handled
29. A. until B. when C. if D. since
30. A. physical B. medical C. artistic D. literal
31. A. hobby B. interest C. aim D. option
32. A. negative B. active C. attractive D. impressive
33. A. joining B. designing C. taking D. requesting
34. A. existed B. made C. decorated D. published
35. A. go after B. go through C. get across D. get around
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了89岁的老人Manfred Steiner在晚年实现了自己年轻时从事物理研究的梦想，获得了博士学位，成为了一名物理学家。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国罗德岛州一名89岁的老人实现了一个目标，他为之奋斗了20年，思考了几乎一辈子。A. opportunity机会；B. process程序；C. balance平衡；D. goal目标。根据上文“An 89-year-old man from the American state of Rhode Island has reached a”可知指实现目标，应用reach a goal。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Manfred Steiner最近在普罗维登斯的布朗大学成功地完成了他的学位论文。A. luckily幸运地；B. successfully成功地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. originally起初。根据后文“finished his dissertation recently at Brown University in Providence”可知，老人成功地完成了他的学位论文。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人看重这个学位，因为这是他一直想要的，还因为他克服了由年龄引起的健康问题，并可能对他的学习产生影响。A. values重视；B. recognizes识别；C. represents代表；D. displays陈列。根据后文“this degree because it is what he always wanted”可知这个学位是老人一直渴望的，所以他很重视。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人看重这个学位，因为这是他一直想要的，还因为他克服了由年龄引起的健康问题，并可能对他的学习产生影响。A. overcame克服；B. combined结合；C. lost失去；D. adapted改编。结合后文“health problems that were caused by his age”指克服由年龄引起的健康问题。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但二战后，他的母亲和叔叔建议他学医是一个更好的选择。A. So所以；B. Despite尽管；C. But但是；D. Then然后。根据前后文语境，Steiner想成为物理学家，但是家人建议他学医，前后为转折关系，应用连词but。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但二战后，他的母亲和叔叔建议他学医是一个更好的选择。A. better更好的；B. worse更差的；C. positive积极的；D. content满意的。根据后文“choice. He earned his medical degree from the University of Vienna in 1955 and moved to the United States soon after.”可知，因为他的母亲和叔叔认为学医是一个更好的选择，所以他选择了医学，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国，他在血液学方面取得了成功。A. position位置；B. work工作；C. task任务；D. career事业。根据后文“studying hematology. He became a full professor”可知，Steiner在血液学方面取得了成功，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1985年至1994年，他成为布朗医学院的正教授并领导血液科。A. observed观察；B. inspired鼓舞；C. led带领；D. handled处理。根据后文“hematology department at Brown's medical school from 1985 to 1994”指Steiner领导血液科。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：Steiner在北卡罗来纳大学帮助建立了一个血液学研究项目，并指导该项目，直到2000年退休，回到罗德岛。A. until直到；B. when当……时候；C. if如果；D. since自从。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”应用until。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Steiner觉得医学研究令人愉快，但这和他对物理学的兴趣不太一样。A. physical身体的；B. medical医学的；C. artistic艺术的；D. literal字面上的。呼应上文“Steiner helped establish a research program in hematology”指Steiner觉得医学研究令人愉快，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Steiner觉得医学研究令人愉快，但这和他对物理学的兴趣不太一样。A. hobby爱好；B. interest兴趣；C. aim目的；D. option选择。根据上文“As a young person in Vienna, Austria, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about Albert Einstein.”可知，Steiner对物理感兴趣。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想保持活跃。A. negative消极的；B. active活跃的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“I really don't want to spend my life just sitting around and maybe doing a little golfing or doing something like that.”可知，Steiner不想浪费时间，他想继续保持活跃。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：70岁时，他开始在布朗大学上本科课程。A. joining加入；B. designing设计；C. taking带走，上课；D. requesting要求。根据后文“undergraduate classes”指上本科课程，应用take。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这所大学在其网站上发布了一篇关于Steiner的故事后，全美各地的人都联系他，询问如何在晚年追寻自己的梦想。A. existed存在；B. made制作；C. decorated装饰；D. published出版。根据后文“a story about Steiner”指出版关于Steiner的故事。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这所大学在其网站上发布了一篇关于Steiner的故事后，全美各地的人都联系他，询问如何在晚年追寻自己的梦想。A. go after追求；B. go through参加；C. get across通过；D. get around到处走走。根据后文宾语their dreams可知指追求梦想，应用go after。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Oct. 20, the welcoming ceremony for the Olympic torch was held at the Olympic Tower, ____36____ impressive landmark of the 2008 Beijing Summer Games.
The ceremony acquired added importance because Beijing is the first city ____37____ (host) both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Beijing started preparing ____38____ it the moment Beijing successfully bid (竞标) to host the 2022 Winter Olympics more than six years ago. The uncertainties of the COVID-19 pandemic make ____39____ difficult for the organizers, the athletes and other participants to deal with the current situation. ____40____ (hopeful), they will spare no effort to uphold the Olympic spirit, which will strengthen the international ____41____ (determine) to fight against the global pandemic, create a safe atmosphere for everyone at the Winter Games, and make it a grand success.
China ____42____ (take) many measures to promote the construction of the ice and snow sports venues (场馆) till now. By ____43____ (work) with many European countries that have hosted Winter Olympics, China have got a lot of help from ____44____ (experience) European experts. The organizers have ensured that the venues are ready and all facilities are in place for the Games, ____45____ draws praise from the International Olympic Committee's Coordination Commission.
【答案】36. an 37. to host
38. for 39. it
40. Hopefully
41. determination
42. has taken
43. working
44. experienced
45. which
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了10月20日，奥运火炬的欢迎仪式在2008年北京夏季奥运会令人印象深刻的地标——奥林匹克塔举行，并且介绍了中国为了冬奥会做出的努力和准备。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：10月20日，奥运火炬的欢迎仪式在2008年北京夏季奥运会令人印象深刻的地标——奥林匹克塔举行。分析句子可知空格后单词impressive是以元音因素开头，空格处应该用不定冠词an（一个）表示泛指，an impressive landmark of the 2008 Beijing Summer Games作the Olympic Tower的同位语。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于北京是第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市，这个仪式变得更加重要。分析句子可知名词city被序数词first修饰，所以需要动词不定式作后置定语。故填to host。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：六年多前，北京成功申办2022年冬奥会的那一刻，北京就开始为此做准备。空格处填入介词for构成短语prepare for，意为“为……做准备”。故填for。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：2019冠状病毒疾病的不确定性使得组织者、运动员和其他参与者难以处理当前的情况。空格处需要代词it作形式宾语，动词不定式to deal with the current situation作真正的宾语。故填it。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：有希望地，他们将不遗余力地维护奥林匹克精神，这将增强国际社会抗击这一全球流行病的决心，为每个人在冬季奥运会上创造一个安全的气氛，并使之取得巨大成功。放在句首修饰整个句子用副词Hopefully，意为“有希望地”。故填Hopefully。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：有希望地，他们将不遗余力地维护奥林匹克精神，这将增强国际社会抗击这一全球流行病的决心，为每个人在冬季奥运会上创造一个安全的气氛，并使之取得巨大成功。在动词strengthen后用名词作宾语，the international determination，意为“国际的决心”。故填determination。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国已经采取了许多措施来促进冰雪运动场馆的建设。根据时间状语till now（到目前为止）判断句子时态是现在完成时，句子主语是China，助动词用has。故填has taken。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过与许多举办冬奥会的欧洲国家合作，中国从经验丰富的欧洲专家那里得到了很多帮助。介词By后需要动名词working作宾语。故填working。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通过与许多举办冬奥会的欧洲国家合作，中国从经验丰富的欧洲专家那里得到了很多帮助。分析句子可知需要形容词experienced（经验丰富的）作定语修饰名词短语European experts。故填experienced。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：组织者确保了奥运会的场馆准备就绪，所有设施都到位，这得到了国际奥委会协调委员会的赞扬。分析句子可知空格处需要非限制性定语从句引导词，用which引导指代其前的整个主句。故填which。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的学校将举行诗歌朗诵（recitation）大赛，请以学生会的名义给国际部的学生发一则通知，欢迎感兴趣的同学参加观看。
要点：
1. 活动时间地点。
2. 活动内容。
3. 出席活动注意事项。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80词左右。
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
【答案】One possible version:
Notice
In order to arouse students’ passion for poetry and enrich our school life, our school will hold a poetry recitation contest, which is scheduled for January 25th in the lecture hall.
In the contest, those whose original poems have been selected for the contest will recite them to show the feeling they are to convey in their poems. Anyone who takes interest in Chinese poems can attend the contest at 3 o'clock in the afternoon to appreciate the beauty of Chinese poetry and may be inspired to write some. Please keep quiet with your mobile phone in silent mode while listening.
Student Union
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的学校将举行诗歌朗诵大赛，请以学生会的名义给国际部的学生发一则通知介绍活动时间地点，内容和注意事项，同时欢迎感兴趣的同学参加观看。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
计划：schedule→plan
挑选：select→choose
表达：convey→express
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to arouse students’ passion for poetry and enrich our school life, our school will hold a poetry recitation contest.
拓展句：Our school will hold a poetry recitation contest, whose purpose is to arouse students’ passion for poetry and enrich our school life.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
our school will hold a poetry recitation contest, which is scheduled for January 25th in the lecture hall.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
In the contest, those whose original poems have been selected for the contest will recite them to show the feeling they are to convey in their poems.（运用了whose引导的定语从句和省略了引导词that/which的定语从句）
[高分句型3]
Anyone who takes interest in Chinese poems can attend the contest at 3 o'clock in the afternoon to appreciate the beauty of Chinese poetry and may be inspired to write some.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型4]
Please keep quiet with your mobile phone in silent mode while listening.（运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。
Since I was young, I always enjoyed cooking. Every night I would sit in the kitchen and watch my mother make dinner. I had a toy set of pots and pans, and would copy her actions at the table—pretending to pour in ingredients and mix them excitedly just as she did. On Sundays, my grandmother would make us a huge family dinner. A dish cooked from a charred chicken with flavored sauce enjoyed great popularity with us. Watching her in the kitchen was like watching an artist at work. She never needed a cookbook, never had to follow a recipe. Everything was second nature. I couldn't wait to learn to cook myself.
So it was no surprise when as an adult I decided to be a chef. I had worked in a number of kitchens over the years, but when I got the chance to be the head chef at a new restaurant, I could not have been more excited.
On the first night the restaurant opened, I proudly put my apron on and prepared for success. Soon, orders came in, and the kitchen was at full staff running in every direction. There were many waiters coming in and out, and cooks walking between stations. It was very exciting, but a bit stressful. There was so much to do and a lot of pressure to do it perfectly. It seemed like the crowd was not slowing down.
I was hurrying to gather ingredients from the shelves and fill the orders when there was a scream from the other side of the kitchen. Looking over, I saw one of the other cooks holding her hand in pain. She had burned her fingers on a pan. I ran over to help, and as we placed her hand under cold water, a puff of smoke started to rise out of the oven.
“Oh, no!” I screamed. I reached the oven just in time to open the door and see the charred remains of a roast. Placing my hand on my head, I thought the night couldn't get much worse. One of the waiters came into the kitchen, looking very worried. Wiping the sweat off his forehead, he said anxiously, “The guests are asking for the roast.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1:
I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I stared at the charred roast, anxious to find a solution. Suddenly, its smell dragged me back to a family dinner, when my grandmother cooked a delicious dish from a charred chicken. Letting out an excited scream, I cooked like an artist just the way she did. I mixed vinegar with sugar to make a kind of sauce and then poured it onto the roast. Finally, the waiter served a flavored roast to the guests. “What if the guests don’t like the dish ” I thought to myself.
Paragraph 2:
Just then, one of the guests asked to speak to the chef. Never before in my life had I sunk into such a nervous situation. I followed the waiter, my heart in my mouth. To my surprise, the guest stood up and held my hands. “Thanks for bringing the taste of hometown back to me,” she said in excitement. Beyond my expectation, the first night as the head chef turned out to be a great success. With a brand-new outlook, I returned to the kitchen and continued to brighten people’s lives with delicious food.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小喜欢烹饪，长大后成为了一名主厨，结果某天一名厨师将肉烤焦了，作者急中生智将这道菜改成了用烤鸡做了一道美味菜，并且得到了顾客的认可。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我盯着烧焦的烤肉，急于找到解决办法。”可知，第一段可描写作者想出的办法是什么以及内心活动。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，一位客人要求和厨师说话。”可知，第二段可描写顾客对这道菜的反应。
2.续写线索：找到解决办法——改变菜肴——顾客要求和厨师说话——作者紧张——顾客感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
发出：let out/give out
喜欢：like/enjoy
站起来：stand up/rise
情绪类
紧张：nervous/tense
美味：delicious/tasty
【点睛】[高分句型1] Letting out an excited scream, I cooked like an artist just the way she did. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Never before in my life had I sunk into such a nervous situation. (运用了部分倒装)
听力答案：1-5ABBCA 6-10ABACA 11-15CBACA 16-20BCBCC
