2022届高三年级第四次月考
英 语 试 卷
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标注在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18 C.＄9.15
答案是C.
1. What is Mr. Carson doing
A. He is making a telephone call.
B. He is having a meeting.
C. He is making a speech.
2. What are the two speakers going to do
A. Watch a football match.
B. Go out for a walk.
C. Watch TV at home.
3. What does the man mean
A. He has no interest in wild life protection.
B. He is sorry to fail in the examination.
C. He has no time to join the group.
4. Where did the woman stay while she was in Brighton
A. She stayed in her friend’s house.
B. She stayed in a hotel with her friends.
C. She camped near the mountains.
5. What can we learn about the woman
A She is a middle school student.
B. She works in a food processing factory.
C. She is in charge of the school.
第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22..5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why can’t the man hear the woman clearly
A. Because it is too noisy in the house.
B. Because something is wrong with the line.
C. Because the woman speaks too fast.
7. When did the meeting plan to start at first
A. At 2:00. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:00.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is wrong with Bill now
A. He’s got food poisoning. B. He’s got heart disease. C. He’s got a stomachache.
9. What food does the woman suggest eating
A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Seafood and fruits. C. Vegetables and seafood.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers
A. Boss and secretary. B. Classmates. C. Husband and wife.
11. When does the movie start at the New State
A. At 7:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 5:20.
12. When will the two speakers go to the movies
A. Tonight.
B. On Friday night.
C. On Saturday evening.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A Weather. B. Vacation. C. Education.
14. How was the weather like
A. Wonderful. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
15. What did the children do in the evenings
A. They watched TV.
B. They did homework.
C. They played on the beach.
16. Why did the man say they were lucky
A. They met their old friends from New York.
B. An old couple helped look after their children.
C. They and the couple took turns looking after the children.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How does Anna treat Jack according to the talk
A. Bathing him and paying his health bills and taxes.
B. Buying his clothes and paying his phone bills and taxes.
C. Buying his food and paying his health bills and taxes.
18. What is the life like for people in Sweden
A. Busy. B. Orderly. C. Easy.
19. What is the money paid in dog taxes used for
A. Buying insurance for dog owners.
B. Paying for damage done by dogs.
C. Providing medical care for dogs.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. People in Sweden pay a lot of taxes.
B. Owning dogs means asking for trouble.
C. Many car accidents are caused by dogs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ice climbing is a moving winter sport that combines excitement, skills and determination.
Back in 2014 and 2018, the sport was presented to the public during the Sochi Winter Olympic Games in Russia and the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games. The next goal for ice climbing is showing the sport in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
If you are already interested in this sport, here are some of the world’s best places with special ice formations (冰构) that you shouldn’t miss.
Ouray, Colorado, the US
Ouray offers climbers easy access to more than 200 named climbs, with free entrance to the park. The ice park also provides professional guidance and services for beginners. Ouray usually hosts the biggest ice festival in North America every January.
Shuangqiaogou, Sichuan, China
China has a lot of ice walls, which are located in different mountains in the northern and western parts of the country. Among them, Sichuan province’s Shuangqiaogou, or Twin Bridge Trench (双桥沟), in Mount Siguniang has some of the finest such spots. The ice season in the area usually starts from mid-December and runs through late February. Climbers can enjoy various ice formations as well as a clean and quiet environment.
Valdez, Alaska, the US
Alaska’s surprising Valdez area has been attracting world-class climbers to the area for ten years. Each year, climbers go there to follow classic routes such as Sheep Creek and Solomon Gulch (希普河和所罗门峡谷). Others explore the area by themselves, hoping to find the next classic site on their adventures. The climbers can find glacier hiking, skiing and sled (雪橇) trips there.
1. If a new climber goes to Ouray, he will ________.
A. pay for the entrance B. be given some help with climbing
C. watch the ice festival at any time D. learn climbing lessons for free
2. How long does the ice season in Twin Bridge Trench last
A. More than a year. B. About ten months.
C. More than four months. D. Less than three months.
3. Which of the words can best describe the sports in Valdez
A. Thrilling and open. B. Enjoyable and safe.
C. Tiring and safe. D. Boring and dangerous.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。冰攀是一项融合了刺激、技巧和決心的充满活力的冬季运动。文章介绍了可以进行冰上攀登的几个很著名的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ouray, Colorado, the US中的“The ice park also provides professional guidance and services for beginners.(冰场还为初学者提供专业的指导和服务)”可知，如果一个新登山者去Ouray，他将得到一些帮助。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shuangqiaogou, Sichuan, China中的“The ice season in the area usually starts from mid-December and runs through late February. (该地区的冰季通常从12月中旬开始，一直持续到2月下旬)”可知，Twin Bridge Trench的冰季持续少于三个月。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Valdez, Alaska, the US中的“Each year, climbers go there to follow classic routes such as Sheep Creek and Solomon Gulch (希普河和所罗门峡谷). Others explore the area by themselves, hoping to find the next classic site on their adventures. The climbers can find glacier hiking, skiing and sled (雪橇) trips there. (每年，登山者都会沿着羊溪和所罗门峡谷等经典路线前往那里。其他人则独自探索这一地区，希望在探险中找到下一个经典景点。登山者可以在那里进行冰川徒步旅行、滑雪和雪橇旅行)”可知，美国阿拉斯加州的瓦尔迪兹地区的冬季运动充满了刺激，而且运动项目很多、没有局限性，从而推断瓦尔迪兹的运动是令人兴奋和开放的。故选A。
B
An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.
How large an allowance is appropriate Experts say there is no fixed amount. Actual amounts differ from region to region and from family to family.
To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenditures such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. “If you make the child responsible for these bills,” says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, “he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures.”
Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child's allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers' can feel left out.
It can be tough, but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch. “If you lose your money,” Brook's mother told her, “you walk home.”
One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store; then she called home for a fare. “Mom made me walk home, ” recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brooklyn. “At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson.”
Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied directly to a child's daily chores. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home that can develop his or her initiative.
4. What does the passage mainly discuss
A. How to work up an amount of pocket money.
B. How to teach a child to save money.
C. How to teach a child about money.
D. How to develop a child’s initiative.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance he or she may ________.
A. lose the money and can not return home B. feel responsible and care about money
C. spend all the money very soon D. be spoiled and finally ruined
6. In paragraph 4 the words “his peers” refer to ________.
A. his teachers B. his parents C. his financial experts D. his friends
7. The author implies in the passage that ________.
A. children may learn to put aside some money if they are given a great amount of pocket money
B. a child’s initiative can be developed if he or she is paid for the housework
C. children may feel lost and lonely if they have no pocket money
D. paying children for their housework is no good
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述怎样通过零用钱让孩子学习到如何预算、储蓄，以及培养孩子的责任心。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly. (零用钱是一个重要的工具，可以教会孩子如何预算、储蓄和做出自己的决定。当他们自己的钱丢失或愚蠢地花掉时，孩子们会记住并从错误中学习)”可知，这篇文章主要是阐述，怎样通过零用钱，让孩子学习到关于钱的知识，以便他们能合理利用钱。因此，这篇文章主要讨论的是C项“How to teach a child about money.(如何教孩子关于钱的知识。)”符合题意，故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“‘If you make the child responsible for these bills,’ says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, ‘he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures.’”(消费者专家约瑟芬·斯旺森说：“如果你让孩子为这些账单负责，他或她将学会为必要的支出制定预算。”)”可推知，如果给一个孩子零用钱，他或她将学会制定预算，以便合理的利用手中的零用钱，避免不必要的支出，培养孩子的责任感，他们也更加在乎金钱。因此，从这篇文章可以推断，如果给一个孩子零用钱，他或她可能会“feel responsible and care about money(有责任感，在乎金钱)”符合题意，故选B项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“If you can, keep your child’s allowance in line with that of his friends.(如果可以的话，让你孩子的零用钱和他的朋友的零用钱保持一致)”可推知，该句“A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers’ can feel left out.(一个购买力低于同龄人的孩子会感到落后)”中的“his peers’”指的是上一句提到的“his friends.”，即他的朋友。因此，在第4段中“his peers’”是指是D项“his friends (他的朋友。)”符合题意，故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. (孩子们应该在家里帮忙，不是因为他们得到报酬，而是因为他们作为家庭成员分担责任)”可推知，作者认为，做家务事孩子作为家庭成员，应该分担的责任，暗示付钱让孩子做家务是不好的。因此，作者在文章中暗示D项“paying children for their housework is no good(付钱给孩子做家务是不好的)”符合题意，故选D项。
C
You dash through a crowded railway station, tripping over bags, spilling (泼出) your coffee, only to have the doors slide shut in your face, leaving you breathless on the platform as the train pulls away.
But at least, if you’re in France, someone may be playing the piano for you. But it won’t be performed by a paid musician, or even a street entertainer playing for coins. It will just be a random passer-by, jamming for the fun of it on one of the pianos that the national railroad company, S. N. C. F., has fixed in nearly 100 stations across France. They are free for anyone to play, and travelers from all walks of life have taken to doing just that.
Gares & Connexions, the S. N. C. F. division that manages its stations, rents the instruments from the producer, Yamaha: which maintains them and tunes them every month or two. The first one was set up in the Gare Montparnasse in Paris in 2012.
The music, mixed with the sounds of shouting passengers, screaming trains and rolling suitcases, gives French stations a special soundscape. The amateur musicians have included Irish soccer fans and even babies. In 2014, Gares & Connexions and Yamaha organized a nationwide contest called Your Turn to Play, asking participants to submit videos of themselves using one of the pianos. It drew nearly 900 entries.
Isn’t the railroad company taking a big chance Apparently not: “None of the instruments has been vandalized to this day, or even merely damaged,” said Claire Foumon, a spokeswoman for Gares & Connexions. “They are shared and respected by all.”
So if you miss a train in Paris; Bordeaux or Marseille one day, perhaps someone will be playing a favorite piece that will ease your pain. Or perhaps you’ll sit down and play your annoyance away yourself.
8. Why did Gares & Connexions fix pianos in railway stations
A. To advertise Yamaha’s products. B. To make stations more attractive.
C. To let travelers have a relaxing trip. D. To help street artists make a living.
9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A. The contest has proved a hit. B. The pianos are very popular.
C. Railway stations are crowded. D. Everyone can be an amateur musician.
10. What does the underlined word “vandalized” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Selected carefully. B. Checked regularly.
C. Reserved in advance. D. Destroyed on purpose.
11. What would be the best title for the text
A. Miss a train yet catch a tune B. A soundscape in the memory
C. The role of piano in French life D. An amazing train with a piano bar
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文。讲述一个法国铁路公司与雅马哈合作，在法国的一百多个火车站放置钢琴，供旅客弹奏，以缓解他们的匆忙的心情，收到良好的效果。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，旅客乘车都是很匆忙的，以及第二段It will just be a random passer - by, jamming for the fun of it on one of the pianos that the national railroad company, S. N. C. F., has fixed in nearly 100 stations across France.可知，随意的一个行人，都可以为了乐趣而在火车站放置的钢琴旁演奏，因此，铁路公司这么做是为了缓解旅客的紧张的心情，故C项正确。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段The amateur musicians have included Irish soccer fans and even babies.以及It drew nearly 900 entries.可知，人们很喜欢放置在火车站的钢琴，很多人都去弹过，同时举办的“轮到你演奏了”的比赛也很受欢迎，由此得知，大家很喜欢这个创意，都愿意展示音乐方面的才能，故D项正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据本句None of the instruments以及or even merely damaged可知，没有一件钢琴受损，相反，They are shared and respected by all.可知，人们很爱惜钢琴，也不据为己有，通过前后句的逻辑关系可知，钢琴没有被人损坏，故D项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，乘客在乘车时总是很匆忙，很多人也会错过火车，以及后文，但是铁路公司通过在车站放置钢琴供旅客演奏和倾听，以此来缓解旅客的焦虑，很受游客的欢迎，故A项（虽然错过了火车，但是还可以弹奏一曲。）是最佳标题。
【点睛】关于词义猜测题。词义猜测主要考查词汇量和对文章语境的理解，如果词汇量稍大的同学，知道单词的意思，那么就很简单。但是如果不认识，就只能通过上下文语境来推测新词的词义，比如小题3，我们分析了vandalise所在句子的成分，根据None of the instruments以及or even merely damaged，再结合后文They are shared and respected by all，就可以得出vandalise这词属于贬义，意思应与damaged接近，再结合选项，我们就能把答案选出来。
D
Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly.
A few million years ago, the largest whales, averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale—the toothless baleen whale (须鲸类)—became huge. Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet, the largest creatures ever on Earth. “We really are living in the time of giants,” said Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum. “Why is that ” “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened,” said Graham Slater, lead author of the study. Their study has suggested an answer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales.
The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales—which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales. Using computer simulations (模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the South and North poles got colder and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator (赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat. That’s why you can see lots of whales in the summer in California’s Monterey Bay, Slater said.
Baleen whales, which have no teeth, feed by eating huge amounts of ocean, filtering (过滤) out the water and eating the creatures they capture. Toothed whales, like sperm whales (抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly (平均地) spread out didn’t affect them as much. “If you are a whale, the easiest way to take advantage of resources is to get big,” Slater said. But baleen whales hunt schools of fish. Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, who wasn’t part of the study, calls it “a really convincing situation”. But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue. As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the sea will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving, Slater and others said.
12. What does the author mean by “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye” in the second paragraph
A. Researchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant.
B. Researchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales .
C. The change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore .
D. The change of baleen whales happened too quickly.
13. What played the key role in baleen whales’ becoming huge
A. The water circulation in the oceans.
B. Its eating a small amount of fish.
C. The increase of food supply for whales.
D. Man-made climate change.
14. What do you know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the text
A. Sperm whales eat more food.
B. Blue whaler live much longer.
C. Sperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish.
D. Blue whales usually swallow schools of fish.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Olivier Lambert thinks the study is perfect.
B. Global warming has threatened the whales.
C. The whales may become even bigger.
D. There are no whale fossils now.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们对须鲸在短时间内迅速地变得巨大的现象的解释。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段内容“Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly.”（科学家们认为他们已经回答了一个谜：一些海洋生物是如何如此迅速地变得如此巨大的。）可知，本文主要介绍的是一些海洋生物是如何如此迅速地变得如此巨大的，结合画线句子上文“A few million years ago, the largest whales, averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale—the toothless baleen whale (须鲸类)—became huge.”（几百万年前，最大的鲸鱼平均长约15英尺。然后似乎一夜之间，一种鲸鱼——无牙须鲸——变得巨大起来。）可知，上文阐述了一夜之间，无牙须鲸变得巨大起来，由此可知，画线句子对此现象提出了疑问，为什么会这样，为什么须鲸的变化发生得这么快，“The change of baleen whales happened too quickly.”意为“须鲸的变化发生得太快了。”能够表达作者在第二段画线部分所要表达的含义。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Using computer simulations (模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the South and North poles got colder and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator (赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat.”（利用计算机模拟和有关进化是如何运作的知识，他们得出结论，当须鲸的大小发生变化时，南极和北极变得更冷，海洋中的水循环发生变化，风向也发生变化。Slater和Pyenson说，冷水变深，更靠近赤道，最终带着鲸鱼吃的小鱼和其他小动物返回。）可知，利用计算机模拟和有关进化是如何运作的知识发现，因为南极和北极变得更冷，海洋中的水循环和风向发生变化，导致鲸鱼吃的食物增多，进而导致须鲸迅速变大，由此可知，鲸鱼吃的食物供应的增加在须鲸变得巨大的过程中起了关键作用。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales—which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales.”（研究人员利用较小鲸鱼的化石记录，建立了须鲸的族谱，其中包括蓝鲸、座头鲸和露脊鲸。）最后一段关键句“But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.”（但须鲸捕猎成群的鱼类。）可知，须鲸捕猎成群的鱼类，蓝鲸就是须鲸的一种，由此可知，根据文章内容可知，蓝鲸通常吞食成群的鱼类。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the sea will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving, Slater and others said.”（斯莱特和其他人说，随着人为引起气候变化导致海洋变暖，海洋将变得更像鲸鱼更小时的样子，它们的生存将更加困难。）可知，因为气候变化导致海洋变暖，海洋环境将改变，这会使鲸鱼的生存将更加困难，由此可知，从最后一段我们能推断出全球变暖已经威胁到鲸鱼的生存。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(温度计)for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. _____16_____. We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we don’t feel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever. We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.
Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.
Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide.______17______ .
The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水银)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid ) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts(收缩). That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube.______18______.
First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap ; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw through the nail hole.
_______19_______.
Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water lever easily.
______20______.
As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water lever in the straw each morning for a week.
A.We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily lives.
B.Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated or cooled.
C．Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.
D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise even higher.
E.They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100degrees.
F.Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is struck into the cap to seal（把..粘住) them together.
G．People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. D
【解析】
分析】
【16题详解】
根据上文的“This helps us decide what to wear.”可知，出门穿什么衣服靠温度计，根据下文的“We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. ”（我们希望我们的食物在冰箱里有一定的冷度。我们想让它在烤箱里有一定的热度。）可知，温度计在我们日常生活中有很多功能，因此，选项A“在我们的日常生活中，我们使用和依赖温度计来测量许多其他东西的温度。”衔接上下文。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文的“Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide.”可知，温度计分华氏标准和摄氏标准两种方式计量温度。选项E “他们用不同的方式标注。在华氏温标上，水在32度结冰，在212度沸腾。在摄氏温标上，水在0度结冰，在100度沸腾。”是对两种温度计量方式的解释。故选E。
【18题详解】
本段前一部分介绍了温度计的构造原理，由此可知，选项C“既然你知道了这条规则，你就可以自己制作一个温度计了。”据此原理制造一个能够计量温度工作的温度计，合乎逻辑。话题一致。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文的“First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap ”及下文的“Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. ”可知，选项F“” 根据上下文的逻辑意义，选项F“取一些蜡(如果你有的话，你可以用一支旧蜡烛)，在瓶盖上的稻草处融化一些蜡，把它们密封在一起。”衔接上下文，讲解了制作温度计的过程。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文的“As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. ”（当温度下降时，水就会收缩，吸管里的杠杆就会下降。）可知，选项D“水会在稻草里涨起来。随着空气温度的上升，水会膨胀，上升得更高。”衔接上文，选项中的“ goes up”和“will expand and rise”对应下文的“ goes down”和“come down”。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she ____21____ a glass of water, everyone in the class ____22____ they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question. ____23____, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs ”
Answers called out ____24____ from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).
She quieted the students down and then responded, “The absolute weight doesn’t ____25____. But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____26____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the ____27____ of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the ____28____ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why ”
Lost in ____29____, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and ______30______ in life are like that glass of water. If we ______31______ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to ______32______.”
______33______ you have to do is put all your burdens down, as ______34______ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get ______35______ next morning and are ______36______ to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we ______37______ too much. And the moment you ______38______ your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.
So rather than being upset and feeling ______39______ for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to ______40______ yourself to anything that is not making you happy.
21. A. raised B. indicated C. pulled D. stressed
22. A. wondered B. agreed C. expected D. argued
23. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Anyhow D. Therefore
24. A. read B. ranged C. replied D. seized
25. A. fade B. exist C. increase D. matter
26. A. stomach B. toe C. fingernail D. arm
27. A. shape B. weight C. position D. size
28. A. longer B. deeper C. fewer D. further
29. A. thought B. fantasies C. dreams D. discussion
30. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
31. A. cover B. hide C. carry D. show
32. A. pick up B. carry on C. work out D. take in
33. A. Anything B. Nothing C. All D. Something
34. A. early B. eagerly C. quickly D. naturally
35. A. depressed B. entertained C. refreshed D. amazed
36. A. able B. anxious C. passive D. thankful
37. A. rest B. fear C. get D. think
38. A. put up with B. catch up with C. look down on D. let go of
39. A. greedy B. confused C. sorry D. happy
40. A. treat B. abandon C. drive D. help
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过女教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：我们只有卸下压力和负担，才能活得更轻松。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，班上的每个人都认为他们会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题。A. raised筹集，举起；B. indicated表明；C. pulled拉；D. stressed强调。根据下文“But it counts how long you hold it.”可知，老师举起一杯水。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wondered想知道；B. agreed同意；C. expected期待，预期；D. argued争论。根据“they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question”可知，学生们预期老师会问的问题。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实并非如此。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. However然而；C. Anyhow无论如何，不管怎样；D. Therefore因此。根据“that was not the case.”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：答案从8盎司到20盎司不等。A. read阅读；B. ranged（在一定范围内）变化，变动；C. replied回复；D. seized抓住。根据“from eight to twenty ounces”可知，喊出的答案在8盎司到20盎司之间变动。range from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……的范围”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让学生们安静下来，然后回答说:“绝对重量不重要。”A. fade逐渐消失；B. exist存在；C. increase增长；D. matter重要。根据“But it counts how long you hold it.”可知，空处和“counts”对应。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一个小时，我的手臂就会疼。A. stomach胃；B. toe脚趾；C. fingernail指甲；D. arm手臂。根据“If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，此处是信息词arm的词汇复现。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每种情况下，一杯水的重量都不会改变，但我拿它越久，它就变得越重。A. shape形状；B. weight重量；C. position位置；D. size尺寸。根据“the glass of water doesn’t change”可知，水的重量没有改变。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. longer更长的；B. deeper更深的；C. fewer更少的；D. further更进一步的。根据“If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____6____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，举起杯子的时间越长，它就变得越重。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都陷入沉思，保持沉默，仔细地听教授讲课。
A. thought想法；B. fantasies幻想，想象；C. dreams梦想；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“In each case, the ____7____ of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the ____8____ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why ””可知，老师提出疑问，学生陷入沉思。lost in thought为固定短语，意为“陷入沉思”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们生活中的压力和担忧就像那杯水。A. doubts怀疑；B. joys快乐；C. surprises惊喜；D. worries担心。空处和“stresses”并列，表示“担心”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们一直背负着负担，迟早会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。A. cover覆盖；B. hide隐藏；C. carry携带；D. show展示。根据“burdens all the time”可知，如果一致背负着负担，迟早会筋疲力尽。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. pick up捡起，开车接送；B. carry on继续；C. work out计算出，锻炼；D. take in吸收，理解。根据“sooner or later, we will feel exhausted”和“even”可知，此处表示甚至生活都无法继续。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下，越早越好。A. Anything任何事情；B. Nothing没有什么；C. All一切；D. Something一些事情。根据“put all your burdens down”可知，你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. early早地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. quickly迅速地；D. naturally自然地。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night”可知，要尽早放下负担。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要把它们从晚上带到夜里；这样做，我们第二天早上就能精神焕发，继续前进。A. depressed沮丧的；B. entertained娱乐的；C. refreshed神清气爽的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night”可知，这样做以后第二天会神清气爽。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. able能够的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. passive消极的；D. thankful感激的。根据“move forward”可知，尽早放下负担才能继续前进。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们想得太多时，生活往往变得糟糕。A. rest休息；B. fear害怕；C. get得到；D. think认为。根据下文“And the moment you ____18____ your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.”可知，想得太多，不能放下负担生活往往变得糟糕。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你卸下负担的那一刻，你会发现自己感到轻松多了。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. look down on轻视，看不起；D. let go of释放。根据“you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.”可知，放下负担，就会变得轻松。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，与其为自己感到难过和抱歉，不如开始做点什么。
A. greedy贪婪的；B. confused困惑的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. happy高兴的。feel sorry for为固定短语，表示“为……难过，遗憾”。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，生命太短，不要把自己沉溺在那些不让自己快乐的事情上。A. treat对待，治疗；B. abandon废弃；C. drive驾驶；D. help帮助。Abandon oneself to为固定短语，意为“沉溺于”。根据“anything that is not making you happy.”可知，不要让自己沉溺于不开心的事情。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Macao, located on the Pearl River Delta on the southeast coast of China, is a scenic city. Small ____41____ it is, Macao has a rich history and cultural heritage. Although it is often grouped together with Hong Kong, Macao has its own strange charm. Macao is considered ____42____(get) its name from A-Ma Temple, a temple to the Chinese sea-goddess Mazu in the 16th century.
Today, the city is classical and modern at the same time. It is a harmonious ____43____(combine) of Chinese and Western elements. One can enjoy ____44____(history) attractions such as the Ruins of Saint Paul’s and Macao Rose Hall. ____45____ on the other side of the city stand various grand, luxury hotels, and modern shopping malls, telling you the modern story of Macao. Macao has made improvements in economic development. ____46____ the past decades, local residents have lived and worked ____47____(peaceful).
As a world-famous tourist destination, Macao attracts nearly 40 million inbound tourists every year. It is said to be a place which makes you ____48____(forget) your age and fatigue and feel so absorbed ____49____ you won’t leave once you’re there. The past two decades have witnessed great changes in Macao. Now it is a world center of tourism and leisure and a service platform for business cooperation between China and Portuguese speaking countries. Looking to the future, Macao will continue to move forward together with _____50_____ (it) motherland.
【答案】41. as##though
42. to get##to have got
bination
44. historic
45. But##Yet
46. Over##In##During
47. peacefully
48. forget 49. that
50. its
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国城市澳门，包括名字的由来和城市特色等。
【41题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：澳门虽小，但有着丰富的历史和文化遗产。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为让步状语从句，句子为形式倒装，强调表语，将“Small”提前了，故应用“as”或“though”引导从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填as/though。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：澳门被认为是从妈祖阁得名的，妈祖阁是16世纪时纪念中国海神妈祖的庙宇。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“be considered to do”，意为“被认为……”，“get”意为“得到”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故空格处可填“to get”，或用不定式的完成式“to have done”，强调不定式动作发生在谓语动词动作之间，即“get”的动作发生在“consider”的动作之前，“get”的过去分词为“got”，故空格处也可填“to have got”。故填to get/to have got。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是中西元素的和谐结合。分析句子可知，“harmonious”为形容词，后接名词，“combine”意为“结合”，动词词性，对应的名词为“combination”，意为“结合”，根据空格前不定冠词“a”可知，空格处应用“combination”的单数形式。故填combination。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人们可以欣赏历史名胜，如圣保罗教堂遗址和澳门玫瑰厅。分析句子可知，“attractions”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“history”意为“历史”，名词词性，对应的形容词为“historic”，意为“历史的”，在句中作定语。故填historic。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：但在城市的另一边，矗立着各种大型豪华酒店和现代购物中心，向你讲述着澳门的现代故事。根据句意可知，上文的“历史名胜”和下文的“大型豪华酒店和现代购物中心”之间为转折关系，故空格处应用连词“but”或“yet”连接上下文，表示转折关系，句首单词首字母大写。故填But/Yet。
【46题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在过去的几十年里，当地居民都平静地生活和工作着。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“over/in/during the past+一段时间”，意为“在过去的一段时间里”，故空格处应用介词“over/in/during”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Over/In/During。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：在过去的几十年里，当地居民都平静地生活和工作着。分析句子可知，“worked”为动词，后面应用副词修饰，“peaceful”意为“平静的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“peacefully”，意为“平静地”，在句中作状语。故填peacefully。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：据说，这是一个让你忘记年龄和疲劳的地方，让你感到被深深地吸引了，以至于一旦你到了那里就不愿离开。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“make sb. do sth.”，意为“让某人做某事”，“forget”意为“忘记”，动词词性，故空格处应用“forget”的原形。故填forget。
【49题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：据说，这是一个让你忘记年龄和疲劳的地方，让你感到被深深地吸引了，以至于一旦你到了那里就不愿离开。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为结果状语从句，根据句意可知，应用“so…that…”引导从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，故空格处应用“that”。故填that。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：展望未来,澳门将继续与祖国一起前进。分析句子可知，“motherland”为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，“it”对应的形容词性物主代词为“its”，意为“它的”。故填its。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错（满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。
My book is The Call of the Wild. I bought one in Xinhua book store, which cost me 30 yuan. The book, which cover is black and green, contains 300 pages. Having been read the story three times, I am always touched by the dog’s experience. From the dog Bark’s grow, I realize each living being is born to adapt to nature and competition. Since I want to read another work writing by Jack London, I would like to exchange this book another novel called White Fang. If anybody is willingly to exchange the one with me, please contacting me immediately. It’s an pleasure to share books. Looking forward to your reply.
【答案】1.one→it
2.which →whose
3.去掉Having后的been
4.experience→experiences
5.grow→growth
6.writing→written
7.another前加for
8.willingly→willing
9.contacting→contact
10.an→a
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了自己的书《野性的呼唤》并且提议分享书籍。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我在新华书店买的，花了我30元。此处指代上文中的The Call of the Wild，表示“特指”，需用代词it作宾语。故将one改为it。
2.考查定语从句。句意：这本书有300页，封面是黑色和绿色的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The book，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故将which改为whose。
3.考查动词语态。句意：这个故事我读了三遍，我总是被这只狗的经历所感动。逻辑主语I和read为主谓关系，需用现在分词的完成式作状语，been是多余的。故将been去掉。
4.考查名词。句意同上。此处experience意为“经历”，是可数名词，小狗的经历不止一件事，需用名词复数形式。故将experience改为experiences。
5.考查名词。句意：从小狗Bark的成长过程中，我意识到每一个生命的诞生都是为了适应自然和竞争。Bark’s为名词所有格，后面需加名词。故将grow改为growth。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：由于我想读杰克·伦敦的另一部作品，我想用这本书换另一部小说《白牙》。此处修饰名词work，需用非谓语动词作后置定语，work和write为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故将writing改为written。
7.考查介词。句意同上。exchange…for…为固定短语，意为“交换”。故在another前面加for。
8.考查形容词。句意：如果有人愿意和我交换，请立即联系我。is为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，be willing to do sth.为固定用法，意为“愿意做某事”。故将willingly改为willing。
9.考查祈使句。句意同上。此处为祈使句，需用动词原形。故将contacting改为contact。
10.考查冠词。句意：分享书籍是一种乐趣。pleasure发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。故将an改为a。
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，是宁夏银川的一名高中学生。你的英国朋友Michael给你发邮件询问你在这场新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发期间是如何度过的。请你根据下列要点写一封邮件回复他。
1. 爆发时间; 2. 如何度过; 3. 你的感受。
注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
参考词汇: 疫情状况 epidemic situation
新冠肺炎疫情 the COVID-19 pandemic
Dear Michael，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Michael，
I’m glad to have received your email.You asked me to share with you what I was doing in the epidemic situation. Let me tell you something at length.
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Yinchuan in October 2021,I have stayed at home for almost a month. For one thing, I paid close attention to the epidemic situation through watching CCTV news or surfing the Internet; for another, I kept on studying from dawn till dusk. Not only did I read classics, but also I had online courses given by my teachers. Besides, I took exercise on a regular basis to keep healthy. Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors,nurses and scientists have acted bravely and spared no effort to fight against it. They are real heroes, from whom we should learn a great deal. It is they that have returned our life to normal, so we owe them gratitude and respect.
Thank you for your concern. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Michael写信，告知自己在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发期间是如何度过的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告诉：tell sb. sth.=inform sb. of sth.
健康的：healthy→fit
不遗余力做某事：spare no effort to do sth.=do one’s best
感激：gratitude→appreciation
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists have acted bravely and spared no effort to fight against it.
拓展句：When they were faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists have acted bravely and spared no effort to fight against it.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Not only did I read classics, but also I had online courses given by my teachers.（not only置于句首，使用部分倒装）
[高分句型2]
It is they that have returned our life to normal, so we owe them gratitude and respect.（使用了强调句）
听力答案：1-5 BACCB 6-10 BABAC 11-15 ACBAA 16-20 CCBCA2022届高三年级第四次月考
英 语 试 卷
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标注在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18 C.＄9.15
答案是C.
1. What is Mr. Carson doing
A. He is making a telephone call.
B. He is having a meeting.
C. He is making a speech.
2. What are the two speakers going to do
A. Watch a football match.
B. Go out for a walk.
C. Watch TV at home.
3. What does the man mean
A. He has no interest in wild life protection.
B. He is sorry to fail in the examination.
C. He has no time to join the group.
4 Where did the woman stay while she was in Brighton
A. She stayed in her friend’s house.
B. She stayed in a hotel with her friends.
C. She camped near the mountains.
5. What can we learn about the woman
A. She is a middle school student.
B. She works in a food processing factory.
C. She is in charge of the school.
第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22..5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why can’t the man hear the woman clearly
A. Because it is too noisy in the house.
B. Because something is wrong with the line.
C. Because the woman speaks too fast.
7. When did the meeting plan to start at first
A. At 2:00. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:00.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is wrong with Bill now
A. He’s got food poisoning. B. He’s got heart disease. C. He’s got a stomachache.
9. What food does the woman suggest eating
A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Seafood and fruits. C. Vegetables and seafood.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers
A. Boss and secretary. B. Classmates. C. Husband and wife.
11. When does the movie start at the New State
A. At 7:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 5:20.
12. When will the two speakers go to the movies
A. Tonight.
B. On Friday night.
C. On Saturday evening.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A. Weather. B. Vacation. C. Education.
14. How was the weather like
A. Wonderful. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
15. What did the children do in the evenings
A. They watched TV.
B. They did homework.
C. They played on the beach.
16. Why did the man say they were lucky
A. They met their old friends from New York.
B. An old couple helped look after their children.
C. They and the couple took turns looking after the children.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How does Anna treat Jack according to the talk
A. Bathing him and paying his health bills and taxes.
B. Buying his clothes and paying his phone bills and taxes.
C. Buying his food and paying his health bills and taxes.
18. What is the life like for people in Sweden
A. Busy. B. Orderly. C. Easy.
19. What is the money paid in dog taxes used for
A. Buying insurance for dog owners.
B. Paying for damage done by dogs.
C. Providing medical care for dogs.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. People in Sweden pay a lot of taxes.
B. Owning dogs means asking for trouble.
C. Many car accidents are caused by dogs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ice climbing is a moving winter sport that combines excitement, skills and determination.
Back in 2014 and 2018, the sport was presented to the public during the Sochi Winter Olympic Games in Russia and the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games. The next goal for ice climbing is showing the sport in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
If you are already interested in this sport, here are some of the world’s best places with special ice formations (冰构) that you shouldn’t miss.
Ouray, Colorado, the US
Ouray offers climbers easy access to more than 200 named climbs, with free entrance to the park. The ice park also provides professional guidance and services for beginners. Ouray usually hosts the biggest ice festival in North America every January.
Shuangqiaogou, Sichuan, China
China has a lot of ice walls, which are located in different mountains in the northern and western parts of the country. Among them, Sichuan province’s Shuangqiaogou, or Twin Bridge Trench (双桥沟), in Mount Siguniang has some of the finest such spots. The ice season in the area usually starts from mid-December and runs through late February. Climbers can enjoy various ice formations as well as a clean and quiet environment.
Valdez, Alaska, the US
Alaska’s surprising Valdez area has been attracting world-class climbers to the area for ten years. Each year, climbers go there to follow classic routes such as Sheep Creek and Solomon Gulch (希普河和所罗门峡谷). Others explore the area by themselves, hoping to find the next classic site on their adventures. The climbers can find glacier hiking, skiing and sled (雪橇) trips there.
1. If a new climber goes to Ouray, he will ________.
A. pay for the entrance B. be given some help with climbing
C. watch the ice festival at any time D. learn climbing lessons for free
2. How long does the ice season in Twin Bridge Trench last
A. More than a year. B. About ten months.
C. More than four months. D. Less than three months.
3. Which of the words can best describe the sports in Valdez
A. Thrilling and open. B. Enjoyable and safe.
C. Tiring and safe. D. Boring and dangerous.
B
An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.
How large an allowance is appropriate Experts say there is no fixed amount. Actual amounts differ from region to region and from family to family.
To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenditures such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. “If you make the child responsible for these bills,” says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, “he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures.”
Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child's allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers' can feel left out.
It can be tough, but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch. “If you lose your money,” Brook's mother told her, “you walk home.”
One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store; then she called home for a fare. “Mom made me walk home, ” recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brooklyn. “At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson.”
Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied directly to a child's daily chores. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home that can develop his or her initiative.
4. What does the passage mainly discuss
A. How to work up an amount of pocket money.
B. How to teach a child to save money.
C. How to teach a child about money.
D. How to develop a child’s initiative.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance he or she may ________.
A. lose the money and can not return home B. feel responsible and care about money
C. spend all the money very soon D. be spoiled and finally ruined
6. In paragraph 4 the words “his peers” refer to ________.
A. his teachers B. his parents C. his financial experts D. his friends
7. The author implies in the passage that ________.
A. children may learn to put aside some money if they are given a great amount of pocket money
B. a child’s initiative can be developed if he or she is paid for the housework
C. children may feel lost and lonely if they have no pocket money
D. paying children for their housework is no good
C
You dash through a crowded railway station, tripping over bags, spilling (泼出) your coffee, only to have the doors slide shut in your face, leaving you breathless on the platform as the train pulls away.
But at least, if you’re in France, someone may be playing the piano for you. But it won’t be performed by a paid musician, or even a street entertainer playing for coins. It will just be a random passer-by, jamming for the fun of it on one of the pianos that the national railroad company, S. N. C. F., has fixed in nearly 100 stations across France. They are free for anyone to play, and travelers from all walks of life have taken to doing just that.
Gares & Connexions, the S. N. C. F. division that manages its stations, rents the instruments from the producer, Yamaha: which maintains them and tunes them every month or two. The first one was set up in the Gare Montparnasse in Paris in 2012.
The music, mixed with the sounds of shouting passengers, screaming trains and rolling suitcases, gives French stations a special soundscape. The amateur musicians have included Irish soccer fans and even babies. In 2014, Gares & Connexions and Yamaha organized a nationwide contest called Your Turn to Play, asking participants to submit videos of themselves using one of the pianos. It drew nearly 900 entries.
Isn’t the railroad company taking a big chance Apparently not: “None of the instruments has been vandalized to this day, or even merely damaged,” said Claire Foumon, a spokeswoman for Gares & Connexions. “They are shared and respected by all.”
So if you miss a train in Paris; Bordeaux or Marseille one day, perhaps someone will be playing a favorite piece that will ease your pain. Or perhaps you’ll sit down and play your annoyance away yourself.
8. Why did Gares & Connexions fix pianos in railway stations
A. To advertise Yamaha’s products. B. To make stations more attractive.
C. To let travelers have a relaxing trip. D. To help street artists make a living.
9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A. The contest has proved a hit. B. The pianos are very popular.
C. Railway stations are crowded. D. Everyone can be an amateur musician.
10. What does the underlined word “vandalized” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Selected carefully. B. Checked regularly.
C. Reserved in advance. D. Destroyed on purpose.
11. What would be the best title for the text
A. Miss a train yet catch a tune B. A soundscape in the memory
C The role of piano in French life D. An amazing train with a piano bar
D
Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly.
A few million years ago, the largest whales, averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale—the toothless baleen whale (须鲸类)—became huge. Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet, the largest creatures ever on Earth. “We really are living in the time of giants,” said Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum. “Why is that ” “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened,” said Graham Slater, lead author of the study. Their study has suggested an answer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales.
The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales—which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales. Using computer simulations (模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the South and North poles got colder and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator (赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat. That’s why you can see lots of whales in the summer in California’s Monterey Bay, Slater said.
Baleen whales, which have no teeth, feed by eating huge amounts of ocean, filtering (过滤) out the water and eating the creatures they capture. Toothed whales, like sperm whales (抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly (平均地) spread out didn’t affect them as much. “If you are a whale, the easiest way to take advantage of resources is to get big,” Slater said. But baleen whales hunt schools of fish. Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, who wasn’t part of the study, calls it “a really convincing situation”. But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue. As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the sea will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving, Slater and others said.
12. What does the author mean by “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye” in the second paragraph
A. Researchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant.
B. Researchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales .
C. The change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore .
D. The change of baleen whales happened too quickly.
13. What played the key role in baleen whales’ becoming huge
A. The water circulation in the oceans.
B. Its eating a small amount of fish.
C. The increase of food supply for whales.
D. Man-made climate change.
14. What do you know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the text
A. Sperm whales eat more food.
B. Blue whaler live much longer.
C. Sperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish.
D. Blue whales usually swallow schools of fish.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Olivier Lambert thinks the study is perfect.
B. Global warming has threatened the whales.
C. The whales may become even bigger.
D. There are no whale fossils now.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(温度计)for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. _____16_____. We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we don’t feel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever. We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.
Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.
Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide.______17______ .
The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水银)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid ) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts(收缩). That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube.______18______.
First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap ; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw through the nail hole.
_______19_______.
Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water lever easily.
______20______.
As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water lever in the straw each morning for a week.
A.We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily lives.
B.Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated or cooled.
C．Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.
D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise even higher.
E.They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100degrees.
F.Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is struck into the cap to seal（把..粘住) them together.
G．People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she ____21____ a glass of water, everyone in the class ____22____ they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question. ____23____, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs ”
Answers called out ____24____ from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).
She quieted the students down and then responded, “The absolute weight doesn’t ____25____. But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____26____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the ____27____ of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the ____28____ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why ”
Lost in ____29____, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and ______30______ in life are like that glass of water. If we ______31______ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to ______32______.”
______33______ you have to do is put all your burdens down, as ______34______ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get ______35______ next morning and are ______36______ to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we ______37______ too much. And the moment you ______38______ your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.
So rather than being upset and feeling ______39______ for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to ______40______ yourself to anything that is not making you happy.
21. A. raised B. indicated C. pulled D. stressed
22. A. wondered B. agreed C. expected D. argued
23. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Anyhow D. Therefore
24. A. read B. ranged C. replied D. seized
25. A. fade B. exist C. increase D. matter
26. A. stomach B. toe C. fingernail D. arm
27. A. shape B. weight C. position D. size
28. A. longer B. deeper C. fewer D. further
29. A. thought B. fantasies C. dreams D. discussion
30. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
31. A. cover B. hide C. carry D. show
32. A. pick up B. carry on C. work out D. take in
33. A. Anything B. Nothing C. All D. Something
34. A. early B. eagerly C. quickly D. naturally
35 A. depressed B. entertained C. refreshed D. amazed
36. A. able B. anxious C. passive D. thankful
37. A. rest B. fear C. get D. think
38. A. put up with B. catch up with C. look down on D. let go of
39. A. greedy B. confused C. sorry D. happy
40. A. treat B. abandon C. drive D. help
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Macao, located on the Pearl River Delta on the southeast coast of China, is a scenic city. Small ____41____ it is, Macao has a rich history and cultural heritage. Although it is often grouped together with Hong Kong, Macao has its own strange charm. Macao is considered ____42____(get) its name from A-Ma Temple, a temple to the Chinese sea-goddess Mazu in the 16th century.
Today, the city is classical and modern at the same time. It is a harmonious ____43____(combine) of Chinese and Western elements. One can enjoy ____44____(history) attractions such as the Ruins of Saint Paul’s and Macao Rose Hall. ____45____ on the other side of the city stand various grand, luxury hotels, and modern shopping malls, telling you the modern story of Macao. Macao has made improvements in economic development. ____46____ the past decades, local residents have lived and worked ____47____(peaceful).
As a world-famous tourist destination, Macao attracts nearly 40 million inbound tourists every year. It is said to be a place which makes you ____48____(forget) your age and fatigue and feel so absorbed ____49____ you won’t leave once you’re there. The past two decades have witnessed great changes in Macao. Now it is a world center of tourism and leisure and a service platform for business cooperation between China and Portuguese speaking countries. Looking to the future, Macao will continue to move forward together with _____50_____ (it) motherland.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错（满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。
My book is The Call of the Wild. I bought one in Xinhua book store, which cost me 30 yuan. The book, which cover is black and green, contains 300 pages. Having been read the story three times, I am always touched by the dog’s experience. From the dog Bark’s grow, I realize each living being is born to adapt to nature and competition. Since I want to read another work writing by Jack London, I would like to exchange this book another novel called White Fang. If anybody is willingly to exchange the one with me, please contacting me immediately. It’s an pleasure to share books. Looking forward to your reply.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，是宁夏银川的一名高中学生。你的英国朋友Michael给你发邮件询问你在这场新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发期间是如何度过的。请你根据下列要点写一封邮件回复他。
1. 爆发时间; 2. 如何度过; 3. 你的感受。
注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
参考词汇: 疫情状况 epidemic situation
新冠肺炎疫情 the COVID-19 pandemic
Dear Michael，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
听力答案：1-5 BACCB 6-10 BABAC 11-15 ACBAA 16-20 CCBCA
