重庆八中2021—2022学年度（上）期末考试高一年级
英 语 试 题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的AB C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where did Professor Zhang get his education
A. In Beijing. B. In Guangzhou. C. In Hong Kong.
2. What does the man want
A. A calculator. B. A coffee. C. A math book.
3. How does the woman feel about working with Group B
A. Lucky. B. Worried. C. Impatient.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Which idea is better.
B. Where they have dinner.
C. When the football match begins.
5. What does the man mean
A. He will live quite far away.
B. There was a call for the woman.
C. The woman can call him at any time.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man make the call
A. To leave Molly’s group.
B. To ask for leave.
C. To find a part-time job.
7. Who will take charge of today’s seminar
A. The woman. B. Dr. Molly. C. A part timer.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What was the man doing during yesterday’s weather report
A. Making a call. B. Doing his homework. C. Preparing for a trip.
9. What’s the weather like today
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
11. Why didn’t the woman go for a picnic
A. Because of the heavy rain.
B. Because of a football game.
C. Because of her bad health.
12. Where did the woman spend her Sunday afternoon
A. At home. B. In her studio. C. In the gym.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How will the man go to the airport
A. By car. B. By coach. C. By subway.
14. How long will it take the man from his home to the airport
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
15. What will the man do in Italy
A. Relax on the beach.
B. Enjoy the Italian culture.
C. Do some study on art.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Have a good rest.
B. Find a nice hotel.
C. Work hard.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker talking about
A. How to buy toys on foreign websites.
B. How to give toys to others.
C. How to send your toys to travel.
18. What should people do if they are interested in those websites
A. Send them a Barbie Doll.
B. Contact the travel agency by e mail.
C. Pay some money to them.
19. What does the travel agency do
A. Take your toy to different places of interest.
B. Provide better service for people around the world.
C. Take you to travel and take photos for you.
20. Who write the blog “Mummy, I went to the Big Ben today...”
A. Little Bear.
B. The mother’s child.
C. People in the travel agency.
第二部分 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1. Look, what a mess in the room! You things about.
A. always throw B. will always throw
C. are always throwing D. have always thrown
2. By the time they arrived, the enemy forces _______, leaving the small village destroyed.
A. withdraw B. will withdraw C. are withdrawing D. had withdrawn
3. —Excuse me, is the book Gone With the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now
—Sorry, it ________ so well that we don't have any in store.
A. sells B. is sold C. has sold D. has been sold
4. The government should pay attention to the problem _______ stay-at-home children are faced with.
A. what B. that C. how D. why
5. The manager was so satisfied with all ________ I had done that she gave me a promotion.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
6. The plane ________ at 10:00 according to the schedule, so you must try to be at the airport by 9:00.
A. is being taken off B. will take off
C. took off D. takes off
7. It is believed that a new kind of drug ________ by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months.
A. has been developed B. is being developed
C is developing D. has developed
8. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
9. We sell a lot of products abroad and the opportunity to open-up markets in regions ________ we don’t currently sell a lot to is a great one.
A. where B. that C. what D. when
10. The United Nations shows great concern to the disaster, at ________ request international aid organizations are rushing to the stricken district.
A. which B. that C. what D. whose
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading.
Patience and problem solving skills
When you build a model railroad, you have to plan your railroad out. You have to decide where the tracks will go, where to put buildings, where to put streets and any other things you would like to add to your model railroad. Also, you have to think about any problems you may have with the design you choose. How will you make railroad crossings How will you design hills, mountains, and rivers Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.
Building skills
With model railroading, you learn how to put together plastic models of buildings. Also, you can learn how to build a table for your design, or make scenery for the geography of your design. Your model railroad runs on electricity, so you learn about electronics as well.
Fun for family and friends
Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad. By spending time with the people in your life you love and care about, you learn to become closer and care more for each other. Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains. Watching the trains run around the track and make all the sounds and do all the things that real trains do gives people hours of enjoyment.
I hope you can learn to enjoy model railroading and experience all the benefits you just read about and many others. Happy railroading!
11. In order to build a model railroad, you have to be ________.
A. thoughtful and patient B. an electrical engineer
C. skillful and confident D. an expert in geography
12. According to the author, model railroading is a social hobby because ________.
A. it encourages us to complete it on our own
B. it improves the problem solving skills and creativity
C. it offers us chances to communicate with family and friends
D. it brings us hours of enjoyment and great satisfaction
13. What is the best part of model railroading
A. Planning out the railroad. B. Running the trains.
C. Putting streets and buildings. D. Learning electronics and wiring.
14. Where can you probably find the article
A. In an official report. B. In a medical textbook.
C. In a youth magazine. D. In a tourist guidebook.
B
I come from a broken family. After we grew up, my sister and I could go years without speaking. And that is where this story begins.
My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months apart, but by the time we were teenagers we had lost touch. By age 19, I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father’ s horse farm in Virginia. Jeanne got married at 18, moved to Chicago. We lived separate lives, and our connection somehow ended.
Fast-forward about five years. I was 24 and on a trip with my fiancé to New York City, a place I had never been. During a day of sightseeing, we were crossing a very busy street loaded with people. Everyone was in a hurry. I had laughed at something my fiancé said, and I suddenly heard my name yelled from somewhere behind me, “Cheryl!” I froze in my steps in the middle of the road. Tears welled up in my eyes. I knew without a doubt that it was my sister Jeanne. I yelled back before even turning to look, “Jeanne ”
It was her. I began pushing people out of my way to get to her. The crowd started to part—even by New York standards, we must have seemed crazy. And there we were, standing in the middle of a Manhattan street, facing each other and smiling. I couldn’t believe it.
I later asked how she’ d known it was me—she never saw me! She said it was my laugh. I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual but I guess to a family member it’ s infectious. It hits your heart and goes deep in your mind.
Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated. We both moved back to Wisconsin. We talk daily. Many years have passed, and we are now in our 50s. I truly believe God played a huge part in bringing us together. But our meeting by chance wasn’t just a sign. I see it as more of a lesson, a reminder not to lose touch with loved ones. It is too easy to remain lost. After our sister-to-sister miracle, I don’ t plan to let that happen again.
15. What can we learn about Cheryl in the first two paragraphs
A. She got on well with her sister.
B. She came from a normal family.
C. She moved to Chicago with Jeanne.
D. She was brought up in Wisconsin.
16. In the author’s eyes, why could her sister recognize her laugh
A. Because the street was quiet enough.
B. Because it had some particular features.
C. Because it stayed in her sister’s memory.
D. Because they were apart for only 14 months.
17. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Meeting B. Separation
C. The trip D. The miracle
18. What can be the best title for the text
A Life-long Journey B. Long-lost Sisters
C. New-found Families D. Long-standing Friendship
C
Give your eyes a break from that screen.
Let’s face it—you’re attached to your phone. You use it to communicate, play games and surf the internet. But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts.
Think of podcasts as your YouTube channels for listeners that you can download to your phone. What’s so exciting about that Well, you can find a lot of amazing shows! Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention. Therefore, your imagination has the potential to become stronger and more vivid as a result!
Podcasts allow you to experience the world from various angles. Take America’s NPR and Britain’s BBC for example. Both have produced several podcasts. By listening to them you can learn to appreciate cultural or linguistic differences. Choose what you like. In the end, it’s your device—you get to decide who influences you!
So what’s out there Lots! Since podcasts are created for very specific audiences, you’re sure to find one that interests you. Podcasts have been around for more than a decade, and one that really put podcasting in the spotlight is called Serial. It’s in the form of a story, broken up over several weeks, complete with cliffhangers. Or maybe you like listening to people discuss interesting topics. My personal favorite is White Horse Inn. If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED Talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod. The list goes on. If you’re not sure where to start, look up “top podcasts” and give one of their recommendations a try.
Whether you’re riding a bus, exercising, or just relaxing, pop on some headphones and put your listening skills to the test. Download a podcast App, subscribe to a few and get listening. Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself
19. What can we do with podcasts
A. watch movies. B. play games.
C. chat with friends. D. listen to shows.
20. If we want to learn a new language, we can choose ________.
A. Serial B. White Horse Inn C. ESLPod D. TED Talks
21. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. people can produce their own podcasts.
B. podcasts can replace smart phones.
C. people can travel the world with podcasts.
D. podcasts can be used to cure eyes problems.
22. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To describe a practical device.
B. To recommend a useful app.
C. To provide people with a new technology.
D. To keep people away from smart phones.
D
Camaraderie over Competence
The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them.
What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all.
The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it
By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.
Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.
23. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose
A. Nice but unintelligent.
B. Creative but unattractive.
C. Competent but unfriendly.
D. Humorous but unambitious.
24. The author talks about her experience to show that ______.
A. people respect outstanding leaders
B. people tend to like optimistic workmates
C. a workmate’s working ability is important
D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier
25. Some people think that similar people working together may ______
A. offend each other
B. create fewer new ideas
C. talk more and work less
D. be likely to stick together
26. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______.
A. set more coffee machines in the work place
B. organize team-building activities outside the office
C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace
D. employ staff who have a lot in common
E
Seeds on Ice
Close to the North Pole，remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of
Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. In this cold and deserted environment，no grains，no gardens，no trees can grow. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
A quiet rescue mission is under way. With growing evidence that unchecked climate change-will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity （多样性） of crops around the world，the Svalbard Global Seed Vault （地窖） represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation （贮藏） of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds：the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot，dry weather.
Few people will ever see or come into contact with the contents of this vault. In sealed boxes，behind multiple locked doors，monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below—zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea and that of course the Norwegian government should have approved and funded it. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired，fed up，and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitrnent - about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant，long-lasting，and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
27. According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ___________.
A. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
B. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
C. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
D. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
28. The underlined word“viable”in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. clean
C. alive D. valuable
29. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us __________.
A. how the seeds are preserved B. where people keep the seeds
C. why the seeds are protected D. what people do to study the seeds
30. We can know from the passage that _________.
A. the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change
B. most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties
C. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity
D. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise
第四部分 语言知识运用（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Little Baby Face Foundation (LBFF) provides free plastic surgery (整容手术) for children born with facial deformities (畸形). Many teenagers who have been ____31____ for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas “fixed” by LBFF.
Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the ____32____. Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said. Those ____33____ hurt her a lot. She even ____34____ how to end her own life.
But Nadia tried to ____35____ the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical ____36____ for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally ____37____ about the bullying, she was heartbroken.
Then her mother ____38____ the LBFF, which accepted Nadia’s application. The surgeries were very ____39____ and it took months for her face to heal, but she did _____40_____ return to school with a new face, a face she was finally proud of.
Nadia’s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those _____41_____ just because they are being bullied
Experts _____42_____ if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong _____43_____. By surgically changing the victim (受害者) of a bully, it is as if you _____44_____ the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those _____45_____ he or she has been called.
31. A. laughed at B. thought of C. looked after D. watched over
32. A. practice B. light C. knife D. process
33. A. opinions B. comments C. thoughts D. ideas
34. A. wanted B. needed C. considered D. managed
35. A. keep B. protect C. end D. shelter
36. A. incomes B. bills C. notes D. accounts
37. A. work out B. cut out C. make up D. find out
38. A. turned in B. asked for C. related to D. turned to
39. A. quick B. relaxed C. pleasant D. painful
40. A. manage to B. seek to C. agree to D. try to
41. A. operations B. extremes C. evaluations D. attitudes
42. A. protest B. declare C. push D. warn
43. A. answer B. way C. notice D. message
44. A. recommend B. remember C. support D. suppose
45. A. sufferings B. names C. bullies D. behaviors
第五部分 写作（共四节，满分 45分）
第一节 单词拼写（共 5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据首字母或汉语提示，用Book 1 unit 4—Book 2 unit 2所学单词的适当形式填空，并将首字母一起写在答题卡上。
46. Written Chinese has also become an important m________ by which China’s present is connected with its past. (根据首字母单词拼写)
47. Recently we have c________ a survey of 100 junior and senior students in order to learn more about students’ reading habits. (根据首字母单词拼写)
48. D________ the fact that the problem is difficult, he spared no effort to solve it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
49. The giant tree has stood there for years, ________(遮蔽) the house from the wind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. My English teacher asked us to write a _______________(描写) of our hometown in English. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51. 只有人类采取一系列有效的措施，野生动物才能得到保护。（only倒装；measures）（汉译英）
52. 正是中国书法之美吸引了越来越多的国际学生来欣赏中国文化。（强调句）（汉译英）
53. 政府派出了许多的士兵去营救那些被困在废墟里的人。（定语从句）（汉译英）
54. 提前了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解这篇文章。（contribute to, v-ing做主语) （汉译英）
55. 国际援助正在为被飓风袭击的国家而组织。（strike，定语从句）（汉译英）
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have a passion for learning languages, you must start learning Chinese. English is ____56____most widely ____57____(speak) language in the world and it is the predominant language in all fields. But it ____58____(expect) that Chinese, ____59____is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, will be the most important language in the coming years. What are the reasons behind the rapid spread of this language and why should you learn it
China is an important political and ____60____(economy) state because it ____61____(experience) huge progress now. The world is watching China in astonishment, and this peaceful Chinese rise makes us focus on ____62____(learn) the Chinese language and knowing more about Chinese culture. China is also ____63____(close) to the international world today than it used to be thanks to overseas Chinese communities, ____64____you can discover more about Chinese people and Chinese culture.
To be a global citizen these days, I would advise you to learn Chinese. It will add more beauty ____65____your life and allow you to better understand Chinese civilization.
第四节 书面表达（满分 15分）
66. 假如你是李华，为了庆祝中华人民共和国成立72周年，你们学校将在本周六举办以“汉字之美”为主题的文化活动，请你邀请正在学习汉字的外国朋友Henry参加此次活动，帮助他学习汉字，了解中国文化。请你根据以下要点提示，用英文给你的朋友写一封邀请信。
1.活动时间 2.活动内容
参考词汇：周年 anniversary
注意：1.写作词汇应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请在答案卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Henry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
听力：1～5 CABCC 6～10 BCCAB 11～15 ACCBB 16～20 ACBAC2021-2022学年重庆市第八中学高一上学期末考试英语试题第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的AB C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where did Professor Zhang get his education
A. In Beijing. B. In Guangzhou. C. In Hong Kong.
2. What does the man want
A. A calculator. B. A coffee. C. A math book.
3. How does the woman feel about working with Group B
A. Lucky. B. Worried. C. Impatient.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Which idea is better.
B. Where they have dinner.
C. When the football match begins.
5. What does the man mean
A. He will live quite far away.
B. There was a call for the woman.
C. The woman can call him at any time.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man make the call
A. To leave Molly’s group.
B. To ask for leave.
C. To find a part-time job.
7. Who will take charge of today’s seminar
A. The woman. B. Dr. Molly. C. A part timer.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What was the man doing during yesterday’s weather report
A. Making a call. B. Doing his homework. C. Preparing for a trip.
9. What’s the weather like today
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
11. Why didn’t the woman go for a picnic
A. Because of the heavy rain.
B. Because of a football game.
C. Because of her bad health.
12. Where did the woman spend her Sunday afternoon
A. At home. B. In her studio. C. In the gym.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How will the man go to the airport
A. By car. B. By coach. C. By subway.
14. How long will it take the man from his home to the airport
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
15. What will the man do in Italy
A. Relax on the beach.
B. Enjoy the Italian culture.
C. Do some study on art.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Have a good rest.
B. Find a nice hotel.
C. Work hard.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker talking about
A. How to buy toys on foreign websites.
B. How to give toys to others.
C. How to send your toys to travel.
18. What should people do if they are interested in those websites
A. Send them a Barbie Doll.
B. Contact the travel agency by e mail.
C. Pay some money to them.
19. What does the travel agency do
A. Take your toy to different places of interest.
B. Provide better service for people around the world.
C. Take you to travel and take photos for you.
20. Who write the blog “Mummy, I went to the Big Ben today...”
A. Little Bear.
B. The mother’s child.
C. People in the travel agency.
第二部分 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1. Look, what a mess in the room! You things about.
A. always throw B. will always throw
C. are always throwing D. have always thrown
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：看看，你的房间一团糟！你总是在到处乱扔东西。分析句子可知，这里是讲话者在作批评，而always用于现在进行时表示感情的好恶，符合句子的感彩。故选C项。
2. By the time they arrived, the enemy forces _______, leaving the small village destroyed.
A. withdraw B. will withdraw C. are withdrawing D. had withdrawn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在他们到达之前，军队已经撤离，离开了被破坏的小村庄。分析句子成分可知，句中By the time they arrived意为“在他们到达之前”为时间状语，是完成时的标志，且arrived为过去某一时间发生的事，因此使用过去完成时形式。故选D项。
3. —Excuse me, is the book Gone With the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now
—Sorry, it ________ so well that we don't have any in store.
A. sells B. is sold C. has sold D. has been sold
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——请问，玛格丽特·米切尔的《飘》这本书现在有售吗？——对不起，这个卖得很好，我们店里没有。分析句子可知，此处sell是不及物动词，与副词well连用，表示“卖得很好”，使用主动形式表被动意义，排除B项和D项；陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。故选A。
4. The government should pay attention to the problem _______ stay-at-home children are faced with.
A. what B. that C. how D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：政府应该关注留守儿童面临的问题。此处是定语从句，先行词是 the problem，指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that/which。故选B项。
5. The manager was so satisfied with all ________ I had done that she gave me a promotion.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：经理对我所做的一切非常满意，她给我升职了。分析句子结构可知，“all________ I had done”为定语从句，先行词all，在定语从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
6. The plane ________ at 10:00 according to the schedule, so you must try to be at the airport by 9:00.
A. is being taken off B. will take off
C. took off D. takes off
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：飞机准时10点起飞，所以你必须在9点以前赶到机场。根据“at 10:00 according to the schedule”可知，此处表达飞机起飞时刻的安排，需用一般现在时表示将来。故选D。
7. It is believed that a new kind of drug ________ by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months.
A. has been developed B. is being developed
C. is developing D. has developed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据信，科学家们正在研制一种新药，他们有希望在几个月内取得成功。主语drug和动词develop是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态，排除C、D选项；根据they will succeed in a few months，可知还没有开发出来，故不能用现在完成时态，排除A。此处表示正在被开发，为现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。
8. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那儿你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句，先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。
9. We sell a lot of products abroad and the opportunity to open-up markets in regions ________ we don’t currently sell a lot to is a great one.
A. where B. that C. what D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在海外销售了很多产品，在目前销量不大的地区打开市场的机会非常大。空处引导定语从句，先行词regions，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that引导。故选B。
10. The United Nations shows great concern to the disaster, at ________ request international aid organizations are rushing to the stricken district.
A. which B. that C. what D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联合国对这场灾难表现出极大的关注，应其请求，国际援助组织正赶往受灾地区。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词The United Nations，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词request，需用关系代词whose引导。故选D。
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading.
Patience and problem solving skills
When you build a model railroad, you have to plan your railroad out. You have to decide where the tracks will go, where to put buildings, where to put streets and any other things you would like to add to your model railroad. Also, you have to think about any problems you may have with the design you choose. How will you make railroad crossings How will you design hills, mountains, and rivers Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.
Building skills
With model railroading, you learn how to put together plastic models of buildings. Also, you can learn how to build a table for your design, or make scenery for the geography of your design. Your model railroad runs on electricity, so you learn about electronics as well.
Fun for family and friends
Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad. By spending time with the people in your life you love and care about, you learn to become closer and care more for each other. Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains. Watching the trains run around the track and make all the sounds and do all the things that real trains do gives people hours of enjoyment.
I hope you can learn to enjoy model railroading and experience all the benefits you just read about and many others. Happy railroading!
11. In order to build a model railroad, you have to be ________.
A. thoughtful and patient B. an electrical engineer
C. skillful and confident D. an expert in geography
12. According to the author, model railroading is a social hobby because ________.
A. it encourages us to complete it on our own
B. it improves the problem solving skills and creativity
C. it offers us chances to communicate with family and friends
D. it brings us hours of enjoyment and great satisfaction
13. What is the best part of model railroading
A. Planning out the railroad. B. Running the trains.
C. Putting streets and buildings. D. Learning electronics and wiring.
14. Where can you probably find the article
A. In an official report. B. In a medical textbook.
C. In a youth magazine. D. In a tourist guidebook.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了模型铁路的几个好处。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.( 决定如何处理你的模型铁路需要大量的思考和耐心，但它并不像你想象的那么困难。)”可知，为了建造模型铁路，必须深思熟虑，有耐心。故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad.( 不同于许多电子游戏，模型铁路是一种社交爱好，让你可以与家人和朋友交流。这是因为在你建造和运行你的模型铁路时，你必须与家人和朋友交流。)”可知，根据作者的观点，模型铁路是一种社会爱好，因为它为我们提供了与家人和朋友交流的机会。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains.(当然，模型铁路最好的部分是运行火车。)”可知，运行火车是铁路模型最好的部分。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading..(你想知道一个有趣的学习数学的方法吗 你可以用铁路模型来做。是的,这是真的。不用课本，你就可以了解许多学校的主题。除此之外，模范铁路也给我们带来了许多其他的好处。在本文中，我们将讨论模型铁路的几个好处。)”可知，文章主要讲述了模型铁路对于青少年的的几个好处。由此可推知，文章可能来源于青年杂志。故选C。
B
I come from a broken family. After we grew up, my sister and I could go years without speaking. And that is where this story begins.
My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months apart, but by the time we were teenagers we had lost touch. By age 19, I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father’ s horse farm in Virginia. Jeanne got married at 18, moved to Chicago. We lived separate lives, and our connection somehow ended.
Fast-forward about five years. I was 24 and on a trip with my fiancé to New York City, a place I had never been. During a day of sightseeing, we were crossing a very busy street loaded with people. Everyone was in a hurry. I had laughed at something my fiancé said, and I suddenly heard my name yelled from somewhere behind me, “Cheryl!” I froze in my steps in the middle of the road. Tears welled up in my eyes. I knew without a doubt that it was my sister Jeanne. I yelled back before even turning to look, “Jeanne ”
It was her. I began pushing people out of my way to get to her. The crowd started to part—even by New York standards, we must have seemed crazy. And there we were, standing in the middle of a Manhattan street, facing each other and smiling. I couldn’t believe it.
I later asked how she’ d known it was me—she never saw me! She said it was my laugh. I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual, but I guess to a family member it’ s infectious. It hits your heart and goes deep in your mind.
Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated. We both moved back to Wisconsin. We talk daily. Many years have passed, and we are now in our 50s. I truly believe God played a huge part in bringing us together. But our meeting by chance wasn’t just a sign. I see it as more of a lesson, a reminder not to lose touch with loved ones. It is too easy to remain lost. After our sister-to-sister miracle, I don’ t plan to let that happen again.
15. What can we learn about Cheryl in the first two paragraphs
A. She got on well with her sister.
B. She came from a normal family.
C. She moved to Chicago with Jeanne.
D. She was brought up in Wisconsin.
16. In the author’s eyes, why could her sister recognize her laugh
A. Because the street was quiet enough.
B. Because it had some particular features.
C. Because it stayed in her sister’s memory.
D. Because they were apart for only 14 months.
17. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Meeting B. Separation
C. The trip D. The miracle
18. What can be the best title for the text
A. Life-long Journey B. Long-lost Sisters
C. New-found Families D. Long-standing Friendship
【答案】15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年幼分离的姐妹重聚的故事。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By age 19, I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father’ s horse farm in Virginia.( 19岁时，我从威斯康辛州的家搬到了我父亲在弗吉尼亚州的马场。)”可知，Cheryl在威斯康星州长大。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“I later asked how she’ d known it was me—she never saw me! She said it was my laugh. I wouldn’t say my laugh is all that unusual, but I guess to a family member it’ s infectious. It hits your heart and goes deep in your mind.( 后来我问她怎么知道那是我——她根本没看见我！她说是我的笑。我不会说我的笑有多不寻常，但我猜对一个家庭成员来说它是有传染性的。它撞击你的心，深入你的心灵。)”可推知，她姐姐能认出她的笑声，因为它留在她姐姐的记忆里。故选C。
【17题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated.( 从那以后，我和妹妹再也没有分开过。)”和“It is too easy to remain lost.(失去亲人太容易了)”可推知，that指代“姐妹之间的分离”。故选B。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months apart, but by the time we were teenagers we had lost touch.( 我和妹妹珍妮出生时只差14个月，但当我们十几岁时，我们就失去了联系。)”和文章最后一段“Since that time, my sister and I have never been separated.( 从那以后，我和妹妹再也没有分开过。)”可知，文章主要讲述了年幼分离的姐妹重聚的故事。故选B。
C
Give your eyes a break from that screen.
Let’s face it—you’re attached to your phone. You use it to communicate, play games and surf the internet. But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts.
Think of podcasts as your YouTube channels for listeners that you can download to your phone. What’s so exciting about that Well, you can find a lot of amazing shows! Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention. Therefore, your imagination has the potential to become stronger and more vivid as a result!
Podcasts allow you to experience the world from various angles. Take America’s NPR and Britain’s BBC for example. Both have produced several podcasts. By listening to them, you can learn to appreciate cultural or linguistic differences. Choose what you like. In the end, it’s your device—you get to decide who influences you!
So what’s out there Lots! Since podcasts are created for very specific audiences, you’re sure to find one that interests you. Podcasts have been around for more than a decade, and one that really put podcasting in the spotlight is called Serial. It’s in the form of a story, broken up over several weeks, complete with cliffhangers. Or maybe you like listening to people discuss interesting topics. My personal favorite is White Horse Inn. If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED Talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod. The list goes on. If you’re not sure where to start, look up “top podcasts” and give one of their recommendations a try.
Whether you’re riding a bus, exercising, or just relaxing, pop on some headphones and put your listening skills to the test. Download a podcast App, subscribe to a few and get listening. Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself
19. What can we do with podcasts
A. watch movies. B. play games.
C. chat with friends. D. listen to shows.
20. If we want to learn a new language, we can choose ________.
A. Serial B. White Horse Inn C. ESLPod D. TED Talks
21. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. people can produce their own podcasts.
B. podcasts can replace smart phones.
C people can travel the world with podcasts.
D. podcasts can be used to cure eyes problems.
22. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To describe a practical device.
B. To recommend a useful app.
C. To provide people with a new technology.
D. To keep people away from smart phones.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. A 22. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了播客这一手机APP，播客可以激发你的想象力，可以讲故事以及欣赏不同国家的文化。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention.（无论你发现了什么吸引你注意力的东西，有一点是肯定的：倾听能激发想象力。因为你只能听而不能看，你必须更加注意力集中）”可知听节目，我们可以用播客。故选D。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED Talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod.（如果你是知识型演讲的粉丝，请订阅TED演讲播客。还有一些语言学习播客，比如ESLPod。）”可知如果我们想学习一门新的语言，我们可以选择ESLPod。故选C。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself？（或者，更好的是，如果你有做播客的想法，为什么不自己做一个呢）”可知人们可以制作自己的播客。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主题段第二段“But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts.（但有一种很棒的方法可以让你的智能手机成为一个生活丰富的设备，同时又不会伤害你的眼睛。看看播客的世界。）”后文主要对播客的用途及好处进行了具体的介绍，可知文章主要讲述的目的是推荐一个有用的应用程序。故选B。
D
Camaraderie over Competence
The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them.
What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all.
The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it
By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.
Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.
23. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose
A. Nice but unintelligent.
B. Creative but unattractive.
C. Competent but unfriendly.
D Humorous but unambitious.
24. The author talks about her experience to show that ______.
A people respect outstanding leaders
B. people tend to like optimistic workmates
C. a workmate’s working ability is important
D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier
25. Some people think that similar people working together may ______
A. offend each other
B. create fewer new ideas
C. talk more and work less
D. be likely to stick together
26. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______.
A. set more coffee machines in the work place
B. organize team-building activities outside the office
C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace
D. employ staff who have a lot in common
【答案】23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过调查发现人们乐于与聪明乐观，工作能力强的人一起工作，因为同事的能力很重要，相似的人在一起工作会阻碍创新能力，并据此为企业提供了一些建议。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings.” 毫不奇怪，我们最希望成为同事的人既是工作出色的人，也是讨人喜欢的人。由此可知，人们乐于和聪明且乐观的人一起共事，故选A。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless.” 当我们的同事在工作上毫无希望时，我们往往不喜欢他们。由此判断出，作者通过讲述自己的经历来说明同事的工作能力是很重要的。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity.”可知，相似的人在一起工作会阻碍创新能力，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other.” 我们不仅喜欢相似的人，我们也喜欢喜欢我们的人。因此，如果公司想要促进更多的好感，他们应该鼓励一种我们都善待彼此的文化。因此判断出，公司应该雇佣有共同点的员工，故选D。
E
Seeds on Ice
Close to the North Pole，remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of
Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. In this cold and deserted environment，no grains，no gardens，no trees can grow. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
A quiet rescue mission is under way. With growing evidence that unchecked climate change-will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity （多样性） of crops around the world，the Svalbard Global Seed Vault （地窖） represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation （贮藏） of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds：the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot，dry weather.
Few people will ever see or come into contact with the contents of this vault. In sealed boxes，behind multiple locked doors，monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below—zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea, and that of course the Norwegian government should have approved and funded it. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired，fed up，and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitrnent - about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant，long-lasting，and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
27. According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ___________.
A. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
B. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
C. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
D. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
28. The underlined word“viable”in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. clean
C. alive D. valuable
29. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us __________.
A. how the seeds are preserved B. where people keep the seeds
C. why the seeds are protected D. what people do to study the seeds
30. We can know from the passage that _________.
A the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change
B. most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties
C. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity
D. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise
【答案】27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇科普类阅读。文章介绍了种子基因库，为未来的农业储存多种种子的地方。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第三段Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.（在这样的条件下，大多数主要农作物的种子在山里被冻住，可以存活数百年，甚至更长时间。有些种子能够保持它们生长数千年的能力。）由此推断出Seed Vault是一个种子基因库，为未来的农业储存多种种子，故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。下文Seeds of some are capable of retaining （保留） their ability to grow for thousands of years.说有些种子能够保持它们生长数千年的能力。由此推断出上文的意思是在这样的条件下，大多数主要农作物的种子都能在山中保存数百年。“viable”的意思是活着的，A. mature成熟的；B. clean干净的；C. alive活着的；D. valuable有价值的，故选C。
【29题详解】
段落大意题。答案定位在第三段In sealed boxes，behind multiple locked doors，monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below—zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress.（在密封的盒子里,在多个锁着的门后面,由电子安全系统监控,笼罩在零下的温度,被许多岩石包围,数以百万计的种子被山中堡垒所保护。）由此可知，这一段主要讲了种子是如何被保存的，故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.（但早在2004年,提出了种子库时,它被视为一个疯狂的,不切实际的,和昂贵的想法）由此推断出最初，许多人认为修建种子库是不明智的，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题4，答案定位在倒数第三段But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea.（但早在2004年,提出了种子库时,它被视为一个疯狂的,不切实际的,和昂贵的想法）由此推断出最初，许多人认为修建种子库是不明智的，故选D。
第四部分 语言知识运用（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Little Baby Face Foundation (LBFF) provides free plastic surgery (整容手术) for children born with facial deformities (畸形). Many teenagers who have been ____31____ for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas “fixed” by LBFF.
Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the ____32____. Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said. Those ____33____ hurt her a lot. She even ____34____ how to end her own life.
But Nadia tried to ____35____ the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical ____36____ for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally ____37____ about the bullying, she was heartbroken.
Then her mother ____38____ the LBFF, which accepted Nadia’s application. The surgeries were very ____39____ and it took months for her face to heal, but she did _____40_____ return to school with a new face, a face she was finally proud of.
Nadia’s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those _____41_____ just because they are being bullied
Experts _____42_____ if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong _____43_____. By surgically changing the victim (受害者) of a bully, it is as if you _____44_____ the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those _____45_____ he or she has been called.
31. A. laughed at B. thought of C. looked after D. watched over
32. A. practice B. light C. knife D. process
33. A. opinions B. comments C. thoughts D. ideas
34. A. wanted B. needed C. considered D. managed
35. A. keep B. protect C. end D. shelter
36. A. incomes B. bills C. notes D. accounts
37. A. work out B. cut out C. make up D. find out
38. A. turned in B. asked for C. related to D. turned to
39. A. quick B. relaxed C. pleasant D. painful
40. A. manage to B. seek to C. agree to D. try to
41. A. operations B. extremes C. evaluations D. attitudes
42. A. protest B. declare C. push D. warn
43. A. answer B. way C. notice D. message
44. A. recommend B. remember C. support D. suppose
45. A. sufferings B. names C. bullies D. behaviors
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Nadia因为脸部畸形在学校受到欺凌，就去做了面部整形手术，但是作者认为这样做传递错误信息，因为这可能让欺负者认为他们是对的。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多因长相而被嘲笑的青少年现在都申请让LBFF“修复”他们的问题部位。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. thought of想起；C. looked after照顾；D. watched over监视，照看。根据“The Little Baby Face Foundation (LBFF) provides free plastic surgery (整容手术) for children born with facial deformities (畸形).”可知，许多青少年因为长相畸形而被嘲笑。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：纳迪亚是一名14岁的少女，今年6月她接受了整容手术，面部发生了很大变化。A. practice练习；B. light光线，光亮；C. knife刀；D. process过程。根据“had her face greatly changed”可知，她做了整形手术。under the knife“接受手术”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些评论伤了她的心。A. opinions观点；B. comments评论；C. thoughts想法；D. ideas主意。根据““They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said.”可知，同学们嘲笑她长相的评论伤害了她。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至考虑过如何结束自己的生命。A. wanted想要；B. needed需要；C. considered考虑；D. managed管理。根据“how to end her own life”可知，她甚至考虑过自杀。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但娜迪亚试图对她的母亲琳达隐瞒欺凌事件。A. keep保持；B. protect保护；C. end结束；D. shelter保护，掩蔽。根据“When her mother did finally ____7____ about the bullying, she was heartbroken.”可知，她试图隐瞒霸凌事件。keep sth. from sb.“向某人隐瞒某事”。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲已经在为9岁的儿子乔希(Josh)支付越来越多的医药费，乔希患有严重的脑部疾病。A. incomes收入；B. bills账单；C. notes笔记；D. accounts账户。根据“Josh, who had a serious brain disease.”可知，弟弟的疾病需要花费越来越多的医药费。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她妈妈终于发现她被欺负的事时，她的心都碎了。A. work out计算出，锻炼；B. cut out割掉，删除；C. make up组成，弥补；D. find out找到，发现。根据“she was heartbroken.”可知，妈妈最终发现了她被校园霸凌。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后她的母亲向LBFF求助，后者接受了Nadia的申请。A. turned in上交；B. asked for请求；C. related to与……有关；D. turned to转向，求助于。根据“which accepted Nadia’s application.”可知，她的妈妈向LBFF求助了。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术非常痛苦，她的脸花了好几个月才痊愈，但她终于以一张全新的脸重返学校，她终于为自己的脸感到骄傲。A. quick迅速的；B. relaxed放松的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. painful痛苦的。根据“it took months for her face to heal”可知，手术非常痛苦。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. manage to设法完成；B. seek to试图；C. agree to同意；D. try to试着。根据“The surgeries were very ____9____ and it took months for her face to heal, but”可知，此处表示手术虽然痛苦，但是她成功以一张全新的脸重返学校。故选A。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：纳迪亚的手术或许帮助她克服了情感上的痛苦，但青少年是否应该仅仅因为受到欺负就走向这些极端呢？A. operations手术；B. extremes极端，末端；C. evaluations评价；D. attitudes态度。根据上文“She even ____4____ how to end her own life.”可知，此处询问但青少年是否应该仅仅因为受到欺负就走向这些极端。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：专家警告说，如果这种畸形对孩子来说不是真正的问题，那么整形手术并不能解决问题！A. protest抗议，反对；B. declare宣布；C. push推；D. warn警告。根据“if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer!”可知，专家就应该找出真正的原因提出警告。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当一个青少年决定去做整形手术，因为他或她被欺负，这可能会传递错误的信息。A. answer回答，答案；B. way方法；C. notice通知；D. message信息。根据“In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied”可知，如果是因为校园霸凌而做的整形手术就会传递错误的信息。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过外科手术改变霸凌的受害者，就好像你支持霸凌者，并同意受害者实际上是值得他或她被称为所有那些名字。A. recommended推荐；B. remember记得；C. support支持；D. suppose假设，认为。此处表示如果是因为校园霸凌而做的整形手术就会传递错误的信息，等同于在支持欺负者他们是对的。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sufferings痛苦，苦难；B. names姓名；C. bullies欺负，霸凌；D. behaviors行为。根据““They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said.”可知，欺负者会给受害者起一些奇怪的名字。故选B。
第五部分 写作（共四节，满分 45分）
第一节 单词拼写（共 5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据首字母或汉语提示，用Book 1 unit 4—Book 2 unit 2所学单词的适当形式填空，并将首字母一起写在答题卡上。
46. Written Chinese has also become an important m________ by which China’s present is connected with its past. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】means##eans
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：汉语书面语也成为中国过去与现在联系的重要手段。根据句意“方法，手段”和首字母提示“m”以及空前的不定冠词“an”可知，此处需填单数名词means作宾语。故填means。
47. Recently we have c________ a survey of 100 junior and senior students in order to learn more about students’ reading habits. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】conducted##onducted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，我们对100名初中生和高中生进行了一项调查，以了解更多关于学生的阅读习惯。根据句意“执行”和首字母提示“c”可知，此处为动词conduct；结合时间状语“recently”可知，此处为现在完成时，已有助动词have，空处需填过去分词conducted。故填conducted。
48. D________ the fact that the problem is difficult, he spared no effort to solve it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】Despite##espite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管这个问题很难，他还是不遗余力地去解决它。根据首字母提示，可知为despite，设空处后为名词作介词宾语，可知设空处为介词；结合句意，表示“尽管”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。
49. The giant tree has stood there for years, ________(遮蔽) the house from the wind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sheltering
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这棵大树伫立在那里好多年，为这所房子遮风挡雨。根据汉语提示“遮蔽”可知，此处为动词shelter；分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has stood，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the giant tree和shelter为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填sheltering。
50. My English teacher asked us to write a _______________(描写) of our hometown in English. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】description
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的英语老师让我们用英语描述我们的家乡。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词description，不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数。故填description。
第二节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51. 只有人类采取一系列有效的措施，野生动物才能得到保护。（only倒装；measures）（汉译英）
【答案】Only when human beings take a series of effective measures can wildlife be protected.
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句、固定短语、时间状语从句和被动语态。“只有”用副词only表示，“人类采取一系列有效的措施”可处理为时间状语从句，用连词when引导，“人类”用human beings表示，“采取……措施”是从句谓语动词，用动词短语take...measures表示，陈述普遍事实，用一般现在时，复数，“一系列有效的”作定语，用a series of effective表示，可译为only when human beings take a series of effective measures；“野生动物才能得到保护”是主句，“野生动物”是主语，用wildlife表示，“才能得到保护”是谓语部分，用情态动词can加被动语态，用can be protected表示，译为wildlife can be protected；另外，当句中only与其修饰的状语置于句首时，会引起主句部分倒装，本句可以将only when human beings take a series of effective measures置于句首，主句wildlife can be protected中用部分倒装，将情态动词can置于主语wildlife前。综上，全句可为：Only when human beings take a series of effective measures can wildlife be protected.
52. 正是中国书法之美吸引了越来越多的国际学生来欣赏中国文化。（强调句）（汉译英）
【答案】It is the beauty of Chinese calligraphy that attracts many international students to appreciate Chinese culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句和动词时态。表示“中国书法之美”应用the beauty of Chinese calligraphy；表示“吸引”应用attract，attract sb. to do sth.为固定用法；表示“越来越多的国际学生”应用 many international students；表示“欣赏中国文化”应用appreciate Chinese culture，位于动词不定式符号to后面，appreciate使用动词原形。句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，对主语the beauty of Chinese calligraphy进行强调，需用强调句，其基本句型是：it is+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分。故翻译成：It is the beauty of Chinese calligraphy that attracts many international students to appreciate Chinese culture.
53. 政府派出了许多的士兵去营救那些被困在废墟里的人。（定语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】The government has sent a lot of soldiers to rescue those who were trapped in the ruins.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。此处主语为government；表示“派出”应用动词send，此处用现在完成时；表示“许多的士兵”短语为a lot of soldiers；表示“营救那些被困在废墟里的人”翻译为rescue those who were trapped in the ruins，此处rescue作目的状语，用不定式。故翻译为The government has sent a lot of soldiers to rescue those who were trapped in the ruins.
54. 提前了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解这篇文章。（contribute to, v-ing做主语) （汉译英）
【答案】Learning the history of Tang dynasty in advance contributes to your understanding of this essay/passage/article.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。表示“了解”应用learn；表示“唐朝的历史”应用the history of Tang dynasty；表示“提前”应用in advance；表示“有助于”应用contribute to；表示“你理解这篇文章”应用 your understanding of this essay/passage/article；句子的谓语动词是contribute to，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，learn需用动名词形式作主语，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故翻译成：Learning the history of Tang dynasty in advance contributes to your understanding of this essay/passage/article.
55. 国际援助正在为被飓风袭击的国家而组织。（strike，定语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“国际援助”应用international aid；表示“组织”应用organize，此处使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为抽象名词，谓语动词的形式为is being organized；表示“为了”应用for；表示“国家”应用country，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式countries；表示“被飓风袭击的”应用which has been stricken/struck by the hurricane，which指代先行词countries，在定语从句中作主语，从句使用现在完成时的被动语态。故翻译成：International aid is being organized for countries which have been stricken/struck by the hurricane.
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have a passion for learning languages, you must start learning Chinese. English is ____56____most widely ____57____(speak) language in the world and it is the predominant language in all fields. But it ____58____(expect) that Chinese, ____59____is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, will be the most important language in the coming years. What are the reasons behind the rapid spread of this language and why should you learn it
China is an important political and ____60____(economy) state because it ____61____(experience) huge progress now. The world is watching China in astonishment, and this peaceful Chinese rise makes us focus on ____62____(learn) the Chinese language and knowing more about Chinese culture. China is also ____63____(close) to the international world today than it used to be thanks to overseas Chinese communities, ____64____you can discover more about Chinese people and Chinese culture.
To be a global citizen these days, I would advise you to learn Chinese. It will add more beauty ____65____your life and allow you to better understand Chinese civilization.
【答案】56. the
57. spoken 58. is expected
59. which 60. economical
61. is experiencing
62. learning
63. closer 64. where
65. to
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。要想成为一名世界公民，作者建议大家学习汉语，因为随着中国的日益强大，将在未来几年成为最重要的语言。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言，它是所有领域的主导语言。此处副词widely的最高级形式修饰动词过去分词spoken，most前需填冠词the。故填the。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言，它是所有领域的主导语言。此句谓语动词为is，所以设空处为非谓语动词形式，speak与被修饰词languag之间为动宾关系，用过去分词形式作前置定语。短语spoken language意为“口语”。故填spoken。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：但预计，中文，它作为联合国六种官方语言之一，将在未来几年成为最重要的语言。分析句子结构可知，句子可用一般现在时，it为形式主语，真正的主语是“that Chinese, is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, will be the most important language in the coming years”。设空处应填谓语成分，expect意为“预计，认为”，及物动词，此处与该从句为动宾关系，用被动语态。形式主语it为第三人称单数，be动词用is。常用句型“It's expected that..."意为“预计……”。故填is expected。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但预计，中文，它作为联合国六种官方语言之一，将在未来几年成为最重要的语言。分析句子结构可知，that引导了主语从句，其主语为Chinese，后跟了非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese，先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，只能填which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国是一个重要的政治和经济大国，因为它正在经历巨大的进步。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填形容词，与形容词political并列，修饰名词state，作定语。economy为名词，其形容词为economical，意为“经济的”。故填economical。
【61题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国是一个重要的政治和经济大国，因为它正在经历巨大的进步。分析句子结构可知，此处为because引导的原因状语从句，设空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语now可知，此处用现在进行时。experience与逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，用主动语态。主语it为第三人称单数，be用is。故填is experiencing。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界正惊讶地注视着中国，中国的和平崛起让我们专注于学习汉语，了解更多的中国文化。分析句子结构可知，设空处为短语focus on的宾语，应填动名词。故填learning。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：由于海外华人社区的存在，今天的中国也比过去更接近国际社会，在这里你可以更多地了解中国人和中国文化。此句为系表结构，设空处应填形容词作表语，根据than可知，应用形容词的比较级。故填closer。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由于海外华人社区的存在，今天的中国也比过去更接近国际社会，在这里你可以更多地了解中国人和中国文化。设空处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词overseas Chinese communities，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，设空处应填关系副词where。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：它将为你的生活增添更多的美丽，让你更好地了解中国文明。短语add...to...意为“ 给……添加（特色）”，设空处应填介词to。故填to。
【点睛】
第四节 书面表达（满分 15分）
66. 假如你是李华，为了庆祝中华人民共和国成立72周年，你们学校将在本周六举办以“汉字之美”为主题的文化活动，请你邀请正在学习汉字的外国朋友Henry参加此次活动，帮助他学习汉字，了解中国文化。请你根据以下要点提示，用英文给你的朋友写一封邀请信。
1.活动时间 2.活动内容
参考词汇：周年 anniversary
注意：1.写作词汇应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请在答案卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Henry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
In an attempt to celebrate the 72ed anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, our school has held a cultural activity themed “The Beauty of Chinese Characters”. I'm glad to invite you to attend this activity.
Planned to be held in the stadium, on Tuesday, this activity contains a lot of events, varying from watching movies about the development history of Chinese characters to writing ancient poems. Participating in this activity will definitely get you more interested in Chinese language and Chinese culture. As is known to us all, the Chinese language is playing an increasingly important role in the world. Learning it well will enable us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
Hope you can be present at this activity on time!
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生邀请正在学习汉字的外国朋友Henry参加学校将在本周六举办以“汉字之美”为主题的文化活动，帮助他学习汉字，了解中国文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→participate in
打算：plan→intend
不同于：vary from→differ from
在……中起重要作用：play an important role in→play an important part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In an attempt to celebrate the 72ed anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, our school has held a cultural activity themed “The Beauty of Chinese Characters”.
拓展句：In an attempt to celebrate the 72ed anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, our school has held a cultural activity whose theme is “The Beauty of Chinese Characters”.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Participating in this activity will definitely get you more interested in Chinese language and Chinese culture.（动名词短语作主语）
[高分句型2]
As is known to us all, the Chinese language is playing an increasingly important role in the world.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
听力：1～5 CABCC 6～10 BCCAB 11～15 ACCBB 16～20 ACBAC
