2022届北京市丰台区高三上学期期末英语试题 2022.01
考 生 须 知 1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2.本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4.本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On my way home, I saw a poor old man selling soaps. I was moved by his condition—perhaps he was the only one ___1___ his family But I soon shook off the ___2___ —there’s nothing I can really do for him.
Just then, a lady went up and bought every bar of soap he was carrying. The old man’s eyes lit up and he left happily.
The woman, on the other hand, crossed the road and ___3___ the bag full of soaps on the street with a sign saying “For Free”. Then she boarded the same bus as I did and took the seat next to mine. The curious incident ___4___ me so I couldn’t help but ask her about the strange act.
“Excuse me, may I ask why you did that near the bus stop ” I said.
“Oh, I walk this road every day and noticed this man many times. I tried to offer him some money but he ___5___ . He said he wanted to earn it through hard work and not ___6___ . He’s a very honest man. He was content with whatever he earned for the day. So I bought all his soap bars to help him in a way that ___7___ his dignity. I left them on the road in order that those who need them can ___8___ themselves.”
I reached home feeling a lightness and hope that humanity is not ___9___ after all. A little ____10____ and a little kindness are often worth more than a great deal of money.
1. A. leaving B. protecting C. supporting D. changing
2. A. stress B. fear C. anger D. sadness
3. A. placed B. returned C. packed D. collected
4. A. depressed B. puzzled C. excited D. satisfied
5. A. refused B. doubted C. escaped D. missed
6. A. luck B. award C. pity D. patience
7. A. admires B. preserves C. challenges D. examines
8 A. help B. trust C. respect D. enjoy
9. A. hidden B. wasted C. judged D. lost
10. A. interest B. thought C. courage D. dream
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述一位女士买下了一位贫困老人所有的肥皂，然后放在路边供路人免费拿取，以这种不伤害尊严的方式帮助了老人，作者看到后深受感触。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被他处境感动了，也许他是家里唯一养家的人？A. leaving离开；B. protecting保护；C. supporting养活；D. changing改变。根据前文“I saw a poor old man selling soaps(我看见一个贫穷的老人在卖肥皂)”及“his family”可知，这位老人在卖东西养家糊口。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就摆脱了悲伤的情绪——我真的无法为他做任何事。A. stress压力；B. fear惧怕；C. anger生气；D. sadness难过。根据前文老人贫穷的处境，可推知作者为他的处境感到难过。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，这名女士穿过马路，把装满肥皂的袋子和写着“免费”的牌子放在了大街上。A. placed放置；B. returned归还；C. packed包装；D. collected收集。根据前文“on the street”和后文“I left them on the road(我把肥皂留在路上)”可知，女士把肥皂放在了大街上。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件不寻常的事使我感到困惑，于是关于她奇怪的行为，我忍不住要问她。A. depressed使沮丧；B. puzzled使困惑；C. excited使兴奋；D. satisfied使满意。根据后文“I couldn’t help but ask her about the strange act(我忍不住要问她)”可推知，作者忍不住向这位女士发问，是因为感到疑惑。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想给他一些钱，但他拒绝了。A. refused拒绝；B. doubted怀疑；C. escaped逃跑；D. missed发觉丢失。根据后文“He said he wanted to earn it through hard work(他说他想通过努力工作来挣钱)”可知，老人拒绝了女士的施舍。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他想通过努力工作而不是怜悯来挣钱。A. luck幸运；B. award奖金；C. pity怜悯；D. patience耐心。根据前文老人拒绝女士施舍的行为可知，他不想通过别人的怜悯来挣钱。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我买了他所有的肥皂，以保护他的自尊。A. admires赞赏；B. preserves保护；C. challenges挑战；D. examines考查。根据句中的“dignity(尊严)”及前文所述，可知只想通过努力工作而不想通过别人的怜悯来挣钱的老人很注重尊严，因此女士用买肥皂的形式保护了老人的尊严。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它们留在街边，以便那些需要它们的人能够自取。A. help取用；B. trust信任；C. respect尊重；D. enjoy享受。前文“the bag full of soaps on the street with a sign saying “For Free”(装满肥皂的袋子和写着“免费”的牌子放在了大街上)”可知，女士把肥皂放街上供大家免费取用，help oneself表示“自取、自用”，符合句意。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家时感到一种轻松，充满希望，人性毕竟没有丢失。A. hidden隐藏的；B. wasted浪费的；C. judged评判的；D. lost丢失的。根据女士的善良举动可知，人性没有丢失。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一点想法和一点善意往往比一大笔钱更有价值。A. interest兴趣；B. thought想法、主意；C. courage勇气；D. dream梦想。根据前文女士帮助老人的行为可知，这是她保护老人尊严的一种想法。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A team sport is an activity that ____11____ (require) individuals to play as a team, competing against another team. Research by Sport England has found that team sports are the most popular organized activity ____12____ (enjoy) by under-16s. Playing a team sport can teach you ____13____ to work alongside others. It can also help you develop ____14____ (confident) and a social circle outside of school.
【答案】11. requires
12. enjoyed
13. how 14. confidence
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是团队运动，及其好处。
【11题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：团队运动是一项要求多个个体作为一个团队与另一个团队竞争的活动。分析句子可知，设空处缺少从句的谓语动词，从句主语that指代的是“an activity”，为第三人称单数，动词require与主语之间是主谓关系，根据句意可知本句在陈述一般事实，因而用一般现在时。故填requires。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：英国体育部的研究发现，团队运动是16岁以下儿童最受欢迎的有组织的活动。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语，作后置定语，动词enjoy与逻辑主语activity之间是动宾关系，因而需填入过去分词形式。故填enjoyed。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：参加团队运动可以教会你如何与他人合作。分析句子结构可知，设空处是宾语的一部分，根据句意可知表示“怎么样；如何”，how符合句意，how to do作teach的宾语。故填how。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：它还可以帮你树立自信，在校外发展社交。分析句子可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语，confident的名词是confidence“自信”，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
【点睛】
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rereading stories is good fun. You already know ____15____ is going to happen, so when you reread it, you can imagine you are in the setting of the story. It gives you an opportunity ____16____ (think) about whether the book has a moral or a deeper meaning. Stories can help you deal with your emotions as well. Rereading them is another way to feel good emotions and stop ____17____ (feel) annoyed. There’s always something new to find out when you reread it.
【答案】15. what
16. to think
17. feeling
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述重读故事的好处。
【15题详解】
考查宾语从句关系词。句意：你已经知道了会发生什么。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，由句意可知表示“什么”，因而用what引导。故填what。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它使你有机会思考这本书是有道德意义还是有更深的含义。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入不定式作目的状语。故填to think。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：重读它们是另一种感受良好情绪和停止烦恼的方式。stop doing表示“停止做某事”，因此设空处需填入现在分词形式。故填feeling。
【点睛】
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Tourists have been warned not to take sand and seashells from beaches in Sardinia, an Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea. More than 40 people, ____18____ took a combined 100 kilograms of sand and shells, have been fined up to 2,575 each. The law ____19____ (introduce) in 2017 to ban people from taking the items as souvenirs of their trips. Experts express ____20____ (they) worry that it could cause beaches to become smaller.
【答案】18. who
19. was introduced
20. their
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文--新闻稿件。主要讲述了游客从意大利的小岛上带走沙子和贝壳会被罚款。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：携带走100公斤的沙子和贝壳的40多名游客，每人被罚款2575英镑。分析句子结构可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句；从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词；先行词是40 people，所以用指代人的关系代词who。故填who。
【19题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：为了禁止人们将这些物品作为旅行纪念品，于2017年推出该法律。分析句子结构可知，此处要填谓语动词；所填词introduce与句子主语the law之间是被动的关系；根据时间状语in 2017，可知此处要用一般过去时；句子主语是the law，所以谓语动词要用三单式形式。故填was introduced。
【20题详解】
考查代词。句意：专家表示，他们担心这可能会导致海滩变得更小。根据句意及空格后名词worry，可知此处要填形容词性物主代词，作定语修饰限定名词worry。故填their。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
COMPETITION
Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster
Are you a gifted artist Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!
How to enter
Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@ with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian.
Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big!
What you could win
The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster.
Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.
Terms and conditions
The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.
No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022.
All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders.
21. The drawing competition is held to ________.
A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists
C. advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks
22. Winners of the competition will ________.
A. meet the judges B. get prize money
C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster
23. What will The Week Junior be responsible for
A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures.
C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。为庆祝世界海洋日，《少年周刊》举办了一场绘画比赛，本文就比赛的方式、作品要求、奖品等做了说明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!(为了庆祝6月8日的世界海洋日，《少年周刊》正在举办一场比赛，制作一张精美的海报，展示世界上一些最酷的海洋生物，你的作品可能会成为其中的一部分！)”可知，这次的绘画比赛是为了庆祝世界海洋日。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据What you could win段落下的“Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.(每位获胜者还将收到价值超过80英镑的画笔套装，并将通过快递的方式送达)”可知，参赛的获胜者将会收到快递过去的奖品。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Terms and conditions段落下的“The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.(《少年周刊》不会与第三方分享您的个人信息，个人详细信息仅用于联系竞赛优胜者)”可知，《少年周刊》对参赛者的隐私负责。故选A。
B
When drama teacher Chelsie King asked students at her school to come up with a way for her husband to go around the neighborhood in his wheelchair with their newborn, they were up for the challenge.
Chelsie’s husband, Jeremy, underwent brain surgery for a tumor (肿瘤) three years ago, and since then it has been difficult for him to keep his balance. He wanted to be able to safely hold his baby, but “there’s just really not a ton of resources out there for disabled parents,” Chelsie said. She then asked her colleague, Matt Zigler, who teaches the “Making for Social Good” class, for assistance.
In this course, students design products to help people, and the 10 high schoolers came up with something that could attach to the wheelchair Jeremy uses. They spoke with the Kings about their needs, conducted research on infant (婴儿) car seats and how they are installed, and then used the school’s Maker Space to 3D print several parts and bought others. They even borrowed a wheelchair from the school nurse to use as a model for things like weight testing. “I really feel the students took all my concerns to heart when creating the prototypes (雏形) ,” Jeremy said. Two projects were selected for the students to make — one that connected an infant car seat to Jeremy’s wheelchair and another that attached an entire stroller to the wheelchair.
“Children grow and they grow out of a car seat, so we want Mr. King to be able to walk with his son no matter what age he is,” student Jacob Zlotnitsky said. When they were done making the attachments, the students put the instructions online to help even more people. They finished constructing both designs within one month. The Kings went out with the car seat attachment, and found it worked perfectly. The students were excited to learn that their creation was a hit. “I feel fortunate to have been able to take a class that has allowed me to truly make life easier for others,” Zlotnitsky said.
24. Why did Chelsie King ask the students for help
A. Jeremy needed brain surgery. B. Jeremy couldn’t walk his baby.
C Jeremy couldn’t stand on his own feet. D. Jeremy had no resources for disabled parents.
25. To help Jeremy, the students ________.
A. bought a new wheelchair for him B. did research with stroller producers
C. produced 2 types of wheelchair attachments D. asked other disabled people about their needs
26. According to the passage, the students were excited mainly because ________.
A. they had taken the course B. their work was successful
C. their work was finished in time D. they shared the instructions online
27. What does the story intend to tell us
A. Life is full of challenges. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Experience is the key to problem solution. D. Creativity and kindness can make a difference.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chelsie King为了让自己的残疾丈夫和小婴儿能够无障碍地在小区里行动，向自己的学生们请求帮助，学生们积极参加并且最终很好地完成了这个任务。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Chelsie’s husband, Jeremy, underwent brain surgery for a tumor (肿瘤) three years ago, and since then it has been difficult for him to keep his balance. He wanted to be able to safely hold his baby, but “there’s just really not a ton of resources out there for disabled parents,” Chelsie said.(Chelsie的丈夫杰里米三年前接受了脑部肿瘤手术，从那以后他一直难以保持平衡。他希望能够安全地抱着他的孩子，但是“对于残疾父母来说，真的没有太多的办法，”切尔西说)”可知，Chelsie的丈夫杰里米不能安全地带着孩子外出，所以她请求学生们的帮助。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Two projects were selected for the students to make — one that connected an infant car seat to Jeremy’s wheelchair and another that attached an entire stroller to the wheelchair. (学生们选择了两个项目——一个将婴儿汽车座椅连接到杰里米的轮椅上，另一个将整个婴儿车连接到轮椅上)”可知，学生们想出了两种在轮椅上安装附加设备的方法。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The Kings went out with the car seat attachment, and found it worked perfectly. The students were excited to learn that their creation was a hit.(金夫妇带着汽车座椅附件出去，发现它使用起来很好。 当学生们得知他们的作品大获成功时，都很兴奋)”可知，学生们因为自己的创意和产品大获成功而兴奋开心。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。本文讲述了Chelsie King为了让自己残疾的丈夫能够安全地带着孩子外出散步而请求学生们帮忙，学生们积极踊跃地加入进来。大家集思广益，提出了很多方法，最终两种有效的方法脱颖而出。并且，Chelsie King的丈夫在使用后感觉很好。学生们的创意和善良收获了感谢。所以D项“Creativity and kindness can make a difference. (创造力和善良会产生极大的影响)”符合文意。故选D项。
C
We rely on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for crucial things like creating a sense of personal identity. Yet evidence shows that our memory isn’t as consistent as we’d like to believe.
There are countless reasons why tiny mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think.
And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we’ll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it’s vital to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story’s details depending on the listener’s attitudes. It isn’t only the message that changes, but sometimes it’s also the memory itself. This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(复述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影响的)to change. This is known as “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”. In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回)a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
28. According to the “audience-tuning effect”, our memories can ________.
A. change our personal identity B. correct mistakes on their own
C. determine our attitudes to others D. be affected by how we handle them
29. What can we infer from the study of “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”
A. Practice can make imperfect. B. Storytelling brings back memories.
C. Rehearsing contributes to better memories. D. Memory abilities vary from person to person.
30. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Acceptable. B. Valuable. C. Changeable. D. Controllable.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。通过实验研究证明反复的回忆会使记忆发生改变。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.(这就是所谓的“观众调谐效应”，它向我们展示了我们的记忆是如何随着时间的推移而自动变化的，这是我们如何、何时以及为什么读取记忆的结果)”可知，我们处理记忆的方式会影响我们的记忆。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(复述)a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影响的)to change. (事实上，有时仅仅是复述记忆的行为就能使记忆容易改变。)”结合本段中的实验结果可知，复述记忆次数多的受试者更容易改变记忆。由此可推知，经常回忆并不会完美的重现记忆。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.(当我们的记忆回到冰库时，它可能会自然而然地变得有点畸形，特别是如果有人同时有意的影响它)”可知，这里将记忆与取出冰箱的冰激凌作类比，冰激凌会融化变形，记忆也一样会发生改变。由此可推知，划线词malleable与changeable同义，表示“可变的”。故选C。
D
In “the repair shop”, a British television series, craftsmen(工匠)mend family heirlooms(传家宝)that viewers have brought to their workshop. The attraction comes from watching them apply their craft to restore these heirlooms and the emotional appeal from the tears that follow when the owner is presented with the beautifully restored heirlooms.
Perhaps the idea of craftsmanship is not simply nostalgic(怀旧的). In a new paper in the Academy of Management, five academics examine the idea of crafts as a way of remaking the organization of work. They define craft as “a humanist approach to work that prioritizes human engagement over machine control”. Crafts require distinct skills, an all-round approach to work that involves the whole product and an attitude that necessitates devotion to the job and a focus on the communal interest. The concept of craft emphasizes the human touch and individual judgment. Essentially, the crafts concept seems to run against the management studies which have long prioritized efficiency and consistency.
There are two potential markets for those who practise crafts. The first comes from the consumers who are willing to pay an extra price for goods considered to be of extra quality. This market stretches all the way down from designer fashion through craft beers to bakeries offering loaves made by hand. The second market lies in those consumers who wish to use their purchases to support local workers, or to reduce their environmental impact by taking goods to craftspeople to be mended, or recycled.
For workers, the appeal of craftsmanship is that it allows them the autonomy to make creative choices, and thus makes a job far more satisfying. In that sense, it could offer hope for the overall labor market. Let the machines automate dull and repetitive tasks and let workers focus purely on their skills, judgment and imagination. As a current example, the academics cite the agile manifesto(敏捷软件开发宣言) in the software sector, an industry at the heart of technological change. The pioneers behind the original agile manifesto promised to prioritize “individuals and interactions over processes and tools”. By bringing together experts from different teams, agile working is designed to improve creativity.
But the broader question is whether crafts can create a lot more jobs than they do today. Demand for crafted products may rise but will it be easy to retrain workers in sectors that might get automated (such as truck drivers) to take advantage
History also suggests that the link between crafts and creativity is not automatic. Young craftsmen are expected to spend long periods as journeymen before they could set up on their own; by that time the innovative spirit may have been knocked out of them. Craft workers can thrive in the modern era, but only if they don’t get too organized.
31. Which of the following is true about craft
A. It emphasizes the importance of marketing. B. It slows the expansion of potential markets.
C. It generates greater efficiency and consistency. D. It requires comprehensive understanding of work.
32. The “agile manifesto” is mentioned to show ________.
A. the competition in the labor market B. the benefit of craftsmanship to workers
C. the advantage of mechanical automation D. the importance of software in technological change
33. In the last two paragraphs, the author intends to express ________.
A. anxiety over the loss of crafts B. concern for the prospect of crafts
C. disappointment with craft workers D. expectation of the rise in craft production
34. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Emotional Appeal—Crafts and Restoration
B. The Humanist Approach—Crafts and Innovation
C. The Human Touch—Crafts and the Future of Work
D. The Efficiency War—Crafts and Mass-produced Products
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了手工艺行业的优点及未来前景。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Crafts require distinct skills, an all-round approach to work that involves the whole product and an attitude that necessitates devotion to the job and a focus on the communal interest.(手工艺需要独特的技能、涉及整个产品的全面的工作方法以及对这项工作的热爱和对共同利益的关注)”可知。手工艺需要对工作有全面的了解。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“As a current example, the academics cite the agile manifesto(敏捷软件开发宣言) in the software sector, an industry at the heart of technological change.(作为当前的一个例子，学者们引用了软件行业的敏捷软件开发宣言，这是一个处于技术变革中心的行业)”可知，这个例子是针对本段开头“For workers, the appeal of craftsmanship is that it allows them the autonomy to make creative choices, and thus makes a job far more satisfying.(对工人来说，手工艺的吸引力在于它让他们可以自主做出创造性的选择，从而使工作更加令人满意)”而列举的，由本句句意可知，这里在阐述手工艺给工人带来的好处。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据后两段的内容，结合倒数第二段第一句“But the broader question is whether crafts can create a lot more jobs than they do today.(但更深远的问题是手工艺是否能创造比今天多得多的就业机会)”可知，作者在后两段主要关注的是手工艺行业的前景。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开头描写了手工艺者将修复好的传家宝交给物主时令人感动的场景，说明这是个富有人情味的行业，倒数第二段第一句“But the broader question is whether crafts can create a lot more jobs than they do today.(但更深远的问题是手工艺是否能创造比今天多得多的就业机会)”并结合文章介绍了手工艺行业的优点及未来前景，可知“The Human Touch—Crafts and the Future of Work(人情味的手工艺行业和未来的工作)”适合作为本文标题。故选C。
【点睛】
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Culture Affects Cuisine
It probably happened to you: You ate this incredible dessert in Turkey, you tried this fantastic dish in Spain, and you brought the recipe back home — just to feel the disappointment that what you cooked at home didn’t pass the taste test.
It’s likely that groceries have different qualities in different countries. In the case of the United States and Europe this has very little to do with soil or climate. ____35____ Consumers in the U.S. have other preferences in groceries than most Europeans. It comes down to culture.
Europeans often value quality more than quantity. Of course you will find out-of-season produce on the shelves of grocery stores as well. ___36___ Europeans especially are willing to give up short-term gain for a much greater long-term result.
Take, for example, Italians produce dry-cured ham (干腌火腿) only during the waning moon that follows the full moon and it is practiced to this day. According to old farmer’s lore, the meat could go bad, if it isn’t cured by the moon. ____37____
However, Americans believe in progress and the benefits of technology. It becomes clear why following tradition doesn’t have to be a strong value. Food for U.S. consumers is produced and shipped across the country. ____38____ The industrialization of food production results in new breeds of produce. The population growth calls for higher quantities. Farmers and growers are paid for the amount, not for the flavor.
____39____ European cultures are rather regional, and this means food traditions have remained undamaged in fairly small areas. Within these regions and communities people often shop locally from regional producers. And they shop more frequently than Americans. Europeans often go to the local market daily whereas millions of shoppers in the U.S. purchase one or two weeks’ supply of groceries in one single visit to the big box store.
All these consumer choices, based on cultural behaviors, have had a lasting impact on how our food is grown and what it tastes like.
A Geography plays another role here.
B. Refrigeration makes it possible to store foods longer.
C. However, demand for better quality is greater in their countries.
D. This great interest in culinary (烹饪的) tradition is a cultural feature.
E. The main reason why produce tastes different here and there is choice.
F. Food provides the world with one of the only ways to universally communicate.
G. Often our culinary preferences have an effect on the vacation destinations we choose.
【答案】35. E 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化是如何影响菜品烹饪的。
【35题详解】
根据后文“Consumers in the U.S. have other preferences in groceries than most Europeans.(与大多数欧洲人相比，美国消费者对货品有其他偏好)”中的“preferences”可知，美国人和欧洲人的选择不同，即E项“The main reason why produce tastes different here and there is choice.(各地制作出的口味不同的主要原因在于选择)”所表达的含义。故选E。
【36题详解】
C项“However, demand for better quality is greater in their countries.(然而，他们国家对更好质量的需求更大)”中的“better quality”与前文“Europeans often value quality more than quantity.(欧洲人通常重视质量而不是数量)”中的“quality”呼应。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“According to old farmer’s lore, the meat could go bad, if it isn’t cured by the moon.(根据这位老农的传说，如果不在月光下腌制，肉可能会变质)”可知，D项“This great interest in culinary (烹饪的) tradition is a cultural feature.(这种对烹饪传统的浓厚兴趣是一种文化特征)”中的“tradition”呼应了“lore”，同时呼应了后文中的“tradition”。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文“The industrialization of food production results in new breeds of produce.(食品生产的工业化激发了新的产物)”可知，B项“Refrigeration makes it possible to store foods longer.(冷藏设备使得食物储存时间变长成为可能)”中的“Refrigeration”就是基于食品生产工业化的新产物。故选B。
【39题详解】
后文“European cultures are rather regional(欧洲文化是相当地域性的) ”中的“regional”呼应了A项“Geography plays another role here.(地理环境也起着作用)”中的“Geography”，说明地理也是一个影响因素。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When 16-year-old Violet Brill looks out her window, she doesn’t see only grass and trees—she sees a great meal. Her father, famous plant expert Steve “Wildman” Brill, carried her along on his foraging(觅食)tours from the time she was a little girl.
In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently.
“I think we’ve had a lot of time to get outdoors, and look around,” says Adele Nozedar, author of Foraging for Kids. “There is rapid growth in foraging in the past year.”
Kids are natural-born foragers. Take them out into the woods and they’ll happily gather fallen leaves or root around in the undergrowth for hidden treasures. Foraging is definitely a gateway to nature. Kids learn quickly that it’s not just a bunch of green stuff outside. All those plants have a purpose.
And by encouraging a love of nature, foraging also encourages a love of the environment. “Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it,” says Dave Hamilton, author of Family Foraging. “And you can’t get much more connected to the land than eating from it.”
Plus, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters: When kids search for and pick their own food, they’re more likely to be invested in it. Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates.
For instance, Hamilton remembers taking a group of boys camping and asking them to gather enough lambsquarters for dinner. They came back with three days’ worth of the greens, which he turned into a pesto(青酱).
“They absolutely loved it,” he says. “There’s something empowering about finding your own food, especially for kids.”
40. What interest has begun to appear recently
41. According to Dave, what is the benefit of foraging
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious.
43. In addition to the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of foraging (In about 40 words)
【答案】40. An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently.
41. Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment.
42. According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods.
43. Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了寻找野生食物活动的好处。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently.(在过去十年左右的时间里，人们对寻找可食植物的兴趣重新燃起，这一兴趣最近才真正兴起)”可知，最近人们开始对可食用植物感兴趣。故答案为An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中Dave说的话“Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it(与土地有紧密的联系意味着你更有可能去保护它)”可知，寻找野生食物活动的好处是可以鼓励孩子们保护环境。故答案为Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第六段“Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates.(寻找野生食物会鼓励孩子们尝试新的营养食品，尤其是那些对盘子里的蔬菜嗤之以鼻的孩子)”可知，“Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious.”中“because the foraged foods are new and nutritious”是错误的，挑食者的父母喜欢寻找野生食物这种方式是因为可以让孩子尝试新鲜的有营养的食物。故答案为According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods。
【43题详解】
开放题。本题为开放性试题，要求考生结合文章根据自己的见解进行作答，言之有理即可。供参考：Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children（与家人一起寻找野生食物可以使父母和孩子之间的关系更加和谐）。
【点睛】
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你在学校英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请用英文写一封邮件感谢外教Jim对你的帮助，内容包括：
1．表示感谢；
2．回顾Jim对你的帮助。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is everything going I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks to you because I’ve won the first prize in the English Speech Contest of our school. Your kind help has meant more than anything.
I remember vividly how you guided and encouraged me. During the preparation of the contest, you helped polish my draft many times and better my pronunciation with great patience.
The public speaking skills you shared turned out really effective. More importantly, whenever I felt hesitant and unsure about myself, you were always there to back me up and boost my confidence. Without you, I couldn’t have made such an achievement.
Thank you for everything you have done for me and wish you all the best.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Jim写一封感谢信，感谢他对你参加英语演讲比赛的帮助。
【详解】1.词汇积累
衷心的：heartfelt→sincere
一等奖：the first prize → the first place
耐心地：with great patience→patiently
成就：achievement→ accomplishment
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Your kind help has meant more than anything.
拓展句： It is your kind help that has meant more than anything.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks to you because I’ve won the first prize in the English Speech Contest of our school.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]I remember vividly how you guided and encouraged me.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]The public speaking skills you shared turned out really effective. （运用了省略了关系词that/which的定语从句）丰台区2021～2022学年度第一学期期末练习
高三英语
2022.01
考 生 须 知 1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2.本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4.本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On my way home, I saw a poor old man selling soaps. I was moved by his condition—perhaps he was the only one ___1___ his family But I soon shook off the ___2___ —there’s nothing I can really do for him.
Just then, a lady went up and bought every bar of soap he was carrying. The old man’s eyes lit up and he left happily.
The woman, on the other hand, crossed the road and ___3___ the bag full of soaps on the street with a sign saying “For Free”. Then she boarded the same bus as I did and took the seat next to mine. The curious incident ___4___ me so I couldn’t help but ask her about the strange act.
“Excuse me, may I ask why you did that near the bus stop ” I said.
“Oh, I walk this road every day and noticed this man many times. I tried to offer him some money but he ___5___ . He said he wanted to earn it through hard work and not ___6___ . He’s a very honest man. He was content with whatever he earned for the day. So I bought all his soap bars to help him in a way that ___7___ his dignity. I left them on the road in order that those who need them can ___8___ themselves.”
I reached home feeling a lightness and hope that humanity is not ___9___ after all. A little ____10____ and a little kindness are often worth more than a great deal of money.
1. A. leaving B. protecting C. supporting D. changing
2. A. stress B. fear C. anger D. sadness
3. A. placed B. returned C. packed D. collected
4. A. depressed B. puzzled C. excited D. satisfied
5. A. refused B. doubted C. escaped D. missed
6. A. luck B. award C. pity D. patience
7. A. admires B. preserves C. challenges D. examines
8. A. help B. trust C. respect D. enjoy
9. A. hidden B. wasted C. judged D. lost
10. A. interest B. thought C. courage D. dream
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A team sport is an activity that ____11____ (require) individuals to play as a team, competing against another team. Research by Sport England has found that team sports are the most popular organized activity ____12____ (enjoy) by under-16s. Playing a team sport can teach you ____13____ to work alongside others. It can also help you develop ____14____ (confident) and a social circle outside of school.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rereading stories is good fun. You already know ____15____ is going to happen, so when you reread it, you can imagine you are in the setting of the story. It gives you an opportunity ____16____ (think) about whether the book has a moral or a deeper meaning. Stories can help you deal with your emotions as well. Rereading them is another way to feel good emotions and stop ____17____ (feel) annoyed. There’s always something new to find out when you reread it.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Tourists have been warned not to take sand and seashells from beaches in Sardinia, an Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea. More than 40 people, ____18____ took a combined 100 kilograms of sand and shells, have been fined up to 2,575 each. The law ____19____ (introduce) in 2017 to ban people from taking the items as souvenirs of their trips. Experts express ____20____ (they) worry that it could cause beaches to become smaller.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
COMPETITION
Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster
Are you a gifted artist Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!
How to enter
Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@ with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian.
Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big!
What you could win
The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster
Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.
Terms and conditions
The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.
No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022.
All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders.
21. The drawing competition is held to ________.
A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists
C. advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks
22. Winners of the competition will ________.
A. meet the judges B. get prize money
C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster
23. What will The Week Junior be responsible for
A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures.
C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails.
B
When drama teacher Chelsie King asked students at her school to come up with a way for her husband to go around the neighborhood in his wheelchair with their newborn, they were up for the challenge.
Chelsie’s husband, Jeremy, underwent brain surgery for a tumor (肿瘤) three years ago, and since then it has been difficult for him to keep his balance. He wanted to be able to safely hold his baby, but “there’s just really not a ton of resources out there for disabled parents,” Chelsie said. She then asked her colleague, Matt Zigler, who teaches the “Making for Social Good” class, for assistance.
In this course, students design products to help people, and the 10 high schoolers came up with something that could attach to the wheelchair Jeremy uses. They spoke with the Kings about their needs, conducted research on infant (婴儿) car seats and how they are installed, and then used the school’s Maker Space to 3D print several parts and bought others. They even borrowed a wheelchair from the school nurse to use as a model for things like weight testing. “I really feel the students took all my concerns to heart when creating the prototypes (雏形) ,” Jeremy said. Two projects were selected for the students to make — one that connected an infant car seat to Jeremy’s wheelchair and another that attached an entire stroller to the wheelchair.
“Children grow and they grow out of a car seat, so we want Mr. King to be able to walk with his son no matter what age he is,” student Jacob Zlotnitsky said. When they were done making the attachments, the students put the instructions online to help even more people. They finished constructing both designs within one month. The Kings went out with the car seat attachment, and found it worked perfectly. The students were excited to learn that their creation was a hit. “I feel fortunate to have been able to take a class that has allowed me to truly make life easier for others,” Zlotnitsky said.
24. Why did Chelsie King ask the students for help
A. Jeremy needed brain surgery. B. Jeremy couldn’t walk his baby.
C. Jeremy couldn’t stand on his own feet. D. Jeremy had no resources for disabled parents.
25. To help Jeremy, the students ________.
A. bought a new wheelchair for him B. did research with stroller producers
C. produced 2 types of wheelchair attachments D. asked other disabled people about their needs
26. According to the passage, the students were excited mainly because ________.
A. they had taken the course B. their work was successful
C. their work was finished in time D. they shared the instructions online
27. What does the story intend to tell us
A. Life is full of challenges. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Experience is the key to problem solution. D. Creativity and kindness can make a difference.
C
We rely on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for crucial things like creating a sense of personal identity. Yet evidence shows that our memory isn’t as consistent as we’d like to believe.
There are countless reasons why tiny mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think.
And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we’ll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people we might ask ourselves whether it’s vital to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story’s details depending on the listener’s attitudes. It isn’t only the message that changes, but sometimes it’s also the memory itself. This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(复述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影响的)to change. This is known as “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”. In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words retrieving(找回)a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
28. According to the “audience-tuning effect”, our memories can ________.
A. change our personal identity B. correct mistakes on their own
C. determine our attitudes to others D. be affected by how we handle them
29. What can we infer from the study of “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”
A. Practice can make imperfect. B. Storytelling brings back memories.
C. Rehearsing contributes to better memories. D. Memory abilities vary from person to person.
30. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Acceptable. B. Valuable. C. Changeable. D. Controllable.
D
In “the repair shop”, a British television series, craftsmen(工匠)mend family heirlooms(传家宝)that viewers have brought to their workshop. The attraction comes from watching them apply their craft to restore these heirlooms and the emotional appeal from the tears that follow when the owner is presented with the beautifully restored heirlooms.
Perhaps the idea of craftsmanship is not simply nostalgic(怀旧的). In a new paper in the Academy of Management, five academics examine the idea of crafts as a way of remaking the organization of work. They define craft as “a humanist approach to work that prioritizes human engagement over machine control”. Crafts require distinct skills, an all-round approach to work that involves the whole product and an attitude that necessitates devotion to the job and a focus on the communal interest. The concept of craft emphasizes the human touch and individual judgment. Essentially, the crafts concept seems to run against the management studies which have long prioritized efficiency and consistency.
There are two potential markets for those who practise crafts. The first comes from the consumers who are willing to pay an extra price for goods considered to be of extra quality. This market stretches all the way down from designer fashion through craft beers to bakeries offering loaves made by hand. The second market lies in those consumers who wish to use their purchases to support local workers, or to reduce their environmental impact by taking goods to craftspeople to be mended, or recycled.
For workers, the appeal of craftsmanship is that it allows them the autonomy to make creative choices, and thus makes a job far more satisfying. In that sense, it could offer hope for the overall labor market. Let the machines automate dull and repetitive tasks and let workers focus purely on their skills, judgment and imagination. As a current example, the academics cite the agile manifesto(敏捷软件开发宣言) in the software sector, an industry at the heart of technological change. The pioneers behind the original agile manifesto promised to prioritize “individuals and interactions over processes and tools”. By bringing together experts from different teams, agile working is designed to improve creativity.
But the broader question is whether crafts can create a lot more jobs than they do today. Demand for crafted products may rise but will it be easy to retrain workers in sectors that might get automated (such as truck drivers) to take advantage
History also suggests that the link between crafts and creativity is not automatic. Young craftsmen are expected to spend long periods as journeymen before they could set up on their own; by that time the innovative spirit may have been knocked out of them. Craft workers can thrive in the modern era, but only if they don’t get too organized.
31. Which of the following is true about craft
A. It emphasizes the importance of marketing. B. It slows the expansion of potential markets.
C. It generates greater efficiency and consistency. D. It requires comprehensive understanding of work.
32. The “agile manifesto” is mentioned to show ________.
A. the competition in the labor market B. the benefit of craftsmanship to workers
C. the advantage of mechanical automation D. the importance of software in technological change
33. In the last two paragraphs, the author intends to express ________.
A. anxiety over the loss of crafts B. concern for the prospect of crafts
C. disappointment with craft workers D. expectation of the rise in craft production
34. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Emotional Appeal—Crafts and Restoration
B. The Humanist Approach—Crafts and Innovation
C. The Human Touch—Crafts and the Future of Work
D. The Efficiency War—Crafts and Mass-produced Products
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Culture Affects Cuisine
It probably happened to you: You ate this incredible dessert in Turkey, you tried this fantastic dish in Spain, and you brought the recipe back home — just to feel the disappointment that what you cooked at home didn’t pass the taste test.
It’s likely that groceries have different qualities in different countries. In the case of the United States and Europe this has very little to do with soil or climate. ____35____ Consumers in the U.S. have other preferences in groceries than most Europeans. It comes down to culture.
Europeans often value quality more than quantity. Of course you will find out-of-season produce on the shelves of grocery stores as well. ___36___ Europeans especially are willing to give up short-term gain for a much greater long-term result.
Take, for example, Italians produce dry-cured ham (干腌火腿) only during the waning moon that follows the full moon and it is practiced to this day. According to old farmer’s lore, the meat could go bad, if it isn’t cured by the moon. ____37____
However, Americans believe in progress and the benefits of technology. It becomes clear why following tradition doesn’t have to be a strong value. Food for U.S. consumers is produced and shipped across the country. ____38____ The industrialization of food production results in new breeds of produce. The population growth calls for higher quantities. Farmers and growers are paid for the amount, not for the flavor.
____39____ European cultures are rather regional, and this means food traditions have remained undamaged in fairly small areas. Within these regions and communities people often shop locally from regional producers. And they shop more frequently than Americans. Europeans often go to the local market daily whereas millions of shoppers in the U.S. purchase one or two weeks’ supply of groceries in one single visit to the big box store.
All these consumer choices, based on cultural behaviors, have had a lasting impact on how our food is grown and what it tastes like.
A. Geography plays another role here.
B. Refrigeration makes it possible to store foods longer.
C. However, demand for better quality is greater in their countries.
D. This great interest in culinary (烹饪的) tradition is a cultural feature.
E. The main reason why produce tastes different here and there is choice.
F. Food provides the world with one of the only ways to universally communicate.
G. Often our culinary preferences have an effect on the vacation destinations we choose.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When 16-year-old Violet Brill looks out her window, she doesn’t see only grass and trees—she sees a great meal. Her father, famous plant expert Steve “Wildman” Brill, carried her along on his foraging(觅食)tours from the time she was a little girl.
In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的) plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently.
“I think we’ve had a lot of time to get outdoors, and look around,” says Adele Nozedar, author of Foraging for Kids. “There is rapid growth in foraging in the past year.”
Kids are natural-born foragers. Take them out into the woods and they’ll happily gather fallen leaves, or root around in the undergrowth for hidden treasures. Foraging is definitely a gateway to nature. Kids learn quickly that it’s not just a bunch of green stuff outside. All those plants have a purpose.
And by encouraging a love of nature, foraging also encourages a love of the environment. “Having a strong connection to the land means you’re more likely to protect it,” says Dave Hamilton, author of Family Foraging. “And you can’t get much more connected to the land than eating from it.”
Plus, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters: When kids search for and pick their own food, they’re more likely to be invested in it. Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates.
For instance, Hamilton remembers taking a group of boys camping and asking them to gather enough lambsquarters for dinner. They came back with three days’ worth of the greens, which he turned into a pesto(青酱).
“They absolutely loved it,” he says. “There’s something empowering about finding your own food, especially for kids.”
40. What interest has begun to appear recently
41. According to Dave, what is the benefit of foraging
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious.
43. In addition to the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of foraging (In about 40 words)
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你在学校英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请用英文写一封邮件感谢外教Jim对你的帮助，内容包括：
1．表示感谢；
2．回顾Jim对你的帮助。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
