2022届新高考英语二轮复习：专题十四 特殊句式 习题通A卷（含解析）

专题十四 特殊句式（习题通A卷）
——2022届新高考英语二轮复习
一、填空题
1.__________ an important conference it is! You should take this chance to attend it.
2._____ strange it is that you should have never heard of such a talented dramatist!
3.It was the first day of our new grade. In _____(come) our teacher Ms. Sullivan, followed by an ordinary-looking boy.
4.As the human population continues to grow, _________ does the effect we have on animals.
5.Like many athletic activities, yoga comes with some risk. As _________(it) popularity has gradually risen, so has the number of yoga-related injuries.
6.Convenient _____ they are, these apps present problems to both parents and teachers.
7.It was not until the train pulled into the station _____ he found that his suitcase was gone.
8.It is because they don't realize the importance of listening, or because they are not willing to do the work, _____ most people do not listen well.
9.These flowers will die unless ________(water) every day.
10.More and more people will get into a panic, if not _____(comfort) properly.
11.At last we found a house, in front of which _________(stand) a tall tree.
12.Among the students (be) a famous film star at yesterday’s ceremony.
13.Only after Mary read her composition the second time _________ she notice the spelling mistake.
14.It is on account of her enthusiasm and devotion _____ the teacher is respected by all her students.
15.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless _________ (accompany) by an adult.
二、阅读理解
I’ve visited several controversial (有争议的) dam sites around the world. For all of them, the tension has been between the national economic advantage offered by the dam and the local environment and social damage caused by its construction. The countries often sell the power to international neighbors, rather than directly improve electricity access to the local people.
Some countries, such as Chile, which is planning to build a dam across Patagonian Rivers, and Laos, which plans to dam the Mekong, rely on energy imports and so hydro (电能) is a very attractive domestic option. Other countries, such as Brazil which is planning the world’s third largest dam at Belo Monte, China which recently completed the largest dam at Three Gorges, and Ethiopia which is planning dams along the Omo, insist that these dams are essential for national economic development.
The economic benefits can be huge. The Aswan Dam on Egypt’s Nile, for example, was highly controversial when it was built in the 1960’s. Yet for all the environmental damage to its downstream river system, it’s very difficult for you to find an Egyptian that is in favor of its removal. The dam has been an outstanding economic success, bringing improved harvests from better irrigation despite drought conditions, hydropower and flood protection worth billions of dollars.
So if we accept that many controversial dams are going to be built, how can we limit their damage Jamie Skinner, who was senior advisor to the World Commission on Dams, and now heads the Water division at the International Institute for Environment and Development, suggests the answer might be to issue dam builders with limited-length licenses. “In America, the licenses are only for 30 or 50 years, after which there is a review. The reason why many dams are being removed there now is that their licenses have expired (到期) and the dams would no longer pass the stricter environmental planning regulations.” he says.
1.How do the countries gain their economic benefits from dams
A.By exporting the power.
B.By improving the local environment.
C.By increasing the energy charge.
D.By improving the local use of electricity.
2.The examples are given in the second paragraph in order to show _______.
A.these countries are in great need of power
B.local people are eager to benefit from dams
C.dams bring huge economic benefits to the countries
D.the benefits as well as the disadvantages of dams are huge
3.Why do Egyptians oppose removing the Aswan Dam
A.They are used to living around the dam.
B.They are well protected against the drought.
C.They regard it as the symbol of their country.
D.They benefit from the dam more than expected.
4.What is the key way of limiting dam’s damage according to Jamie Skinner
A.Reviewing the dams every year.
B.Giving dam builders more freedom.
C.Removing the dams every 30 or 50 years.
D.Making stricter environmental planning rules.
三、语法填空
Most of us learn about news through the mass media, but can we just believe news as it ①_____ (present) The suggestion is being a critical news reader, since the fact is that reports on the same events usually contain different or even ②_____(conflict) information.
Let's take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example. One news report ③_____ (focus) more on the rescue efforts, while ④_____ other talks more about the numbers of deaths and injuries. The reason why this phenomenon exists is that different journalists have different priorities when ⑤_____(write) a report. In addition, events in the real world are usually complex and ⑥_____(repeat) changing, which also accounts ⑦_____ the contradiction of the information. For example, the number of deaths ⑧_____(be) different in the two news reports about the Henderson Tower fire. When you come across such factual differences, don't jump to the conclusion that one of the news is false ⑨_____ check when the reports were written.
In short, it is advisable to read news reports written from ⑩_____(variety) of perspectives and at different stages. It is also necessary to be critical about the information we read and not to blindly believe what we have read.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：What
解析：考查感叹句。句意为:这是一个多么重要的会议啊!你应该抓住这个机会去参加。当感叹词修饰名词或名词短语时,感叹句结构为: What + (a/an) +adj. +n.+主语+谓语! 当感叹词修饰形容词或副词时,感叹句结构为:How +adj./adv. +主语+谓语!该句中感以词修饰的是名词"conference",应用what引导感叹句。故填What。注意首字母大写。
2.答案：How
解析：句意为:真奇怪,你竟然从没听说过这么有才华的剧作家!根据句意可知,设空处引导感叹句。根据空后的形容词strange可知,须用how引导。故填How。注意首字母大写。
3.答案：came
解析：句意为:那是我们新年级的第一天。沙利文老师进来时,后面跟着一个长相普通的男孩。此处为表示方位的副词In置于句首,句子进行全部倒装。根据前面句子的谓语动词was可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填came。
4.答案：so
5.答案：its
解析： 空格处所填词修饰名词popularity，表示"它的"，故此处应用形容词性物主代词its, its相当于yoga's。
6.答案：as/ though
解析：句意为:尽管这些应用程序很方便,但它们给家长和老师都带来了问题。由句意可知,此处表示"尽管",为让步状语从句的倒装结构,故填as/ though。
7.答案：that
解析：句意为:直到火车进站,他才发现手提箱不见了。此句是not...until...句型的强调句,“It was not until +从句+ that + ...”。故填that。
8.答案：that
解析：句意为:正是因为他们没有意识到倾听的重要性,或是因为他们不愿意做这项工作,所以大多数人没有很好地倾听。此处为强调句式“It is/ was +被强调部分+ that/ who +其他成分”,被强调部分是because引导的原因状语从句,故填that。
9.答案：watered
解析：本题考查unless引导的条件状语从句的省略问题。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句的动词是be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。主句主语是the flowers, 从句主语也是the flowers, 且与动词water（浇水）之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。由“every day(每天)”，得知，时态是一般现在时。其完整形式: unless the flowers are watered every day。可以把“the flowers are”省略，所以本空直接填入watered。
10.答案：comforted
解析：句意为:如果不能得到适当的安慰,越来越多的人会陷入恐慌。if后省略了they are,所以应用comforted,表示被动。
11.答案：stood
解析：介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词是stand时，句子要用全部倒装结构。由found的提示可知，此空应填stand的过去式stood。
12.答案：was
13.答案：did
解析：句意：只有当玛丽第二次读她的作文时，她才注意到这个拼写错误。"Only +状语（从句）"位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，且根据句意可知，此处应填do的过去式did。
14.答案：that
解析：句意为:正是由于她的热情和奉献,这位老师才受到了所有学生的尊敬。本句为强调句式,"It is/ was +被强调部分+ that/ who +其他成分"为强调句结构,被强调部分为on account of her enthusiasm and devotion,故填that。
15.答案：accompanied
解析：考查省略。句意为:学校制度规定,白天孩子不许离开学校,除非有成年人陪伴。unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句,该从句中省略了主语和be动词;该从句补充完整为:unless they are accompanied by an adult。故填accompanied。
二、
答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D
解析：1.细节题。由第一段第二句和第三句 “the national economic advantage offered by the dam and the local environment...The countries often sell the power to international neighbors” 可知,很多国家的水坝都充满争议,一面是水坝的经济效益,一面是修建水坝带来的环境和社会弊端,因为这些国家常常把水电出口而不是造福当地百姓。可见这些国家从水坝获取经济效益的方法是水电出口。故正确答案为A。
2.主旨题。由第二段第一句 “rely on energy imports and so hydro(电能) is a very attractive domestic option.” 和第二句 “these dams are essential for national economic development” 可知,许多国家电力依赖进口,自建水坝可以缓解压力,减少依赖,而对另一些国家来说,水坝的建设对经济发展至关重要,这都是在讲水坝的巨大经济效益。因此C项正确。A项,该段提到一部分国家水电依赖进口,可见电力需求巨大,但是第二组国家建水坝是经济需要,未必是因为对电力的需求(比如,中国三峡的防洪目标是排第一位的),因此A项错误。B项,本段未提及,因此B项错误。D项,本段未提及大坝的弊端,因此D项错误。故正确答案为C。
3.细节题。由第三段最后一句 “The dam has been an outstanding economic success, bringing improved harvests from better irrigation despite drought conditions, hydropower and flood protection worth billions of dollars.” 可知,阿斯旺大坝使当地干旱条件下的粮食仍能增产,发电效益良好,更能避免因洪水带来的数十亿美元的经济损失,可见其经济效益远超过弊端,因此埃及人不愿将其移除。故正确答案为D。
4.细节题。由最后一段第二句 “Jamie Skinner...suggests the answer might be to issue dam builders with limited-length licenses.” 及最后一句 “the dams would no longer pass the stricter environmental planning regulations” 可知,Jamie Skinner 认为,为了减少大坝的危害,应该进行严格的审批规划,到期重审,未能通过审核的就要拆除。故正确答案为D。
三、
答案：①is presented ②conflicting ③focuses ④the ⑤writing ⑥repeatedly ⑦for ⑧is ⑨but ⑩varieties
解析：①as引导方式状语从句, 从句缺少谓语动词, 从句主语it指代的是news, news与present为被动关系, 且本句为一般现在时, 故填is presented。
②此处修饰名词information, 应用形容词。conflicting意为"相矛盾的"。
③根据本句中的talks可知, 此处应用一般现在时, 主句主语One news report为单数, 故填focuses。
④one...the other...为固定搭配, 意为"(两者中的)一个......另一个......"。
⑤此处为状语从句的省略结构, when引导的时间状语从句省略了与主句相同的主语journalists和be动词, 所以该空要填现在分词, 故填writing。完整结构应为...different journalists have different priorities when they are writing a report.。
⑥该空修饰changing, 故填副词repeatedly。
⑦account for为固定搭配, 意为"解释......"。
⑧该空的主语为the number of deaths, 谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式, 故填is。
⑨此处为not...but...结构, 意为"不是......而是......"。
⑩varieties of为固定搭配, 意为"各种各样的"。