外研版必修5 Module 4 Carnival Grammar课件（44张ppt）

(共44张PPT)
Review of the passive voice
1. To review the passive voice
2. To learn to write sentences in the passive voice
Read the sentences and answer the questions.
1. In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.
2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
a. Which sentence refers to the present
b. Which sentence refers to the past
c. Which sentence shows who did something
d. What does by show
By shows who performed the action.
2
1
1
阅读课文，找出与下列汉语意义匹配的英语句子。
1. 欧洲是狂欢节的发源地,在接近狂欢节的四十天里是不能吃肉的，人们准备迎接基督教的“复活节”。
2. 它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制最早出现在14世纪。
3. 在那以后有更多的法律出现了。
4. 但是在20世纪70年代后期，这个传统又被学生恢复了。
5. 今天，威尼斯的狂欢节会在二月开始，持续五天。
6. 旅店被订满，狭窄的街道被穿着美丽服饰的人所挤满。
找出这几个句子中运用被动语态的动词。
1. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter.
2. Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.
3. In later times more laws were passed.
4. But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.
5. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
6. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.
语态 (Voice) 是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态 (Passive Voice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。其句子的谓语动词是：be + 动词的过去分词 形式。
指出句中的主谓宾语。
We kept food in the fridge.
We must close the windows and the door.
S
V.
O.
S
V.
O.
Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.
The windows and the door must be closed.
使用被动语态的情况：
Many houses will be built here.
The song The East is Red was written by a poor peasant.
1. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。
2. 强调动作的承受者。
The plan was supported by those who
wished to have more chances to speak English.
You are requested to attend the meeting.
3. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。
4. 出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。
am /is /are + 过去分词
e.g. The Olympic Games __________ every four years.
奥运会每四年召开一次。
一般现在时
are held
一般过去时
was /were + 过去分词
e.g. The fire which lasted three hours was put out finally. 持续了三个小时的大火终于被扑灭了。
一般将来时
will /shall + be + 过去分词
e.g. More roads _______________ to solve the problem of traffic jams. 更多的路将被建成来解决交通堵塞问题。
will be built
现在进行时
___________________ + 过去分词
e.g. A big factory is being built in my hometown now.
我的家乡现在正筹建一个大工厂。
am / is /are + being
过去进行时
was /were + being +过去分词
e.g. A bridge across the river ______________ when I left home last year. 去年我离开家的时候, 那条横跨河的桥正在修建。
was being built
现在完成时
___________________ +过去分词
e.g. A lot has been done to protect the environment.
已经做了许多事情来保护环境。
has /have + been
had been +过去分词
e.g. The fire __________________ before the firefighters arrived.
在消防队员来之前, 大火已被扑灭。
过去完成时
had been put out
can /may /must /have to + be +过去分词
e.g. These goods ________________ today. 这些货物今天必须被卖掉。
A mistake ____________ in this plan. 在这个计划里或许犯了一个错误。
情态动词的被动
must be sold out
may be made
主动形式表示被动意义的情况：
① 某些不及物动词（其主语大都指物），如smell, taste, sound, prove, lock, shut, open, read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook等，常用主动语态表达被动意义。如：
The door won't shut.
The poem reads smoothly.
② 在need, require, worth后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The bath needed repairing.
= The bath needed to be repaired.
③ be to blame用主动形式表达被动意义。如：
I think it is you who are to blame for this accident.
被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题：
1. “一感觉（feel）”、“两听（hear, listen to）”、“三使（make, let, have）”、“四看（see, watch, look, notice）”等动词在主动结构中要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中to不可以省去。如：
Betty is often seen to help the old man with his housework.
2. 后跟双宾语的动词在被动语态中，如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语前常加介词to或for。常接to的动词有give, tell, lend, show, pass, hand等；常接for的动词有buy, get等。如：
A special present was given to me on my birthday.
A special present was bought for me on my birthday.
3. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词，也不能将其拆开。如：
My grandpa is taken good care of in the hospital.
不用被动语态的情况：
① 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
② 表示状态的及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态，如：have, marry, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, belong to等。
③ 系动词无被动语态，如：appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound等。
Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.
1. Tourists from all over the world visit Venice.
Venice is visited by tourists from all over the world visit.
2. Trained artists make many of the
carnival masks.
Many of he carnival masks are made
by trained artists.
3. Rich people gave parties every day for
a month.
Parties were gave every day for a
month by rich people.
4. The Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to South America.
Carnival was taken to South America by the Portuguese and the Spanish.
5. In London the West Indian community created the Nothing Hill Carnival.
The Nothing Hill Carnival in London was created by the West Indian community.
6. Today millions of people enjoy carnival.
Carnival is enjoyed by millions of people.
Finish the following sentences.
1. These children ________________________ (将受到很好的照料) in the kindergarten.
2. The classroom ______________________ (由学生们打扫) every day.
will be taken good care of
is cleaned by the students
3. The problem ________________ (正在被讨论) in the meeting room.
4. Several soldiers _______________ (已经被杀害) in the conflict.
is being discussed
have been killed
5. She found the house _____________________________ (已经被暴风雨摧毁).
had been destroyed by the storm
6. His work ___________ (被中断) for a time during the First World War.
7. The books in the reading room __________________ (绝不能被带出).
8. ________________ (他被注意到) steal the woman’s necklace.
was stopped
mustn’t be taken out
He was noticed to
1. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018年北京卷)
2. My washing machine _______________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. (2018年天津卷)
had been trapped
is being repaired
3. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan
____________________ (carry out) in the past two years. (2018年江苏卷)
had been carried out
4. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ____________________(invent) yet. (2017年北京卷)
hadn’t been invented
5. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. (2017年天津卷)
is regarded
6. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _________________ (follow). (2017年江苏卷)
was being followed
7. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________________(reward) with success in the end. (2016年北京卷)
will be rewarded
2. 主动语态改为被动语态的四个步骤：
a. 先找出谓语动词；
b. 然后找出谓语动词后的宾语；
c. 再把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
d. 最后注意人称、时态和数的变化。
1. 复习被动语态的各种形式。
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. These little trees _________________ (take) good care of during this period.
2. The new door _____________ (lock) by the boy just now.
3. The journalists ____________ (tell) not to enter that area tomorrow.
are (being) taken
was locked
will be told
4. The word “plastic” comes from the Greek word “plasticos” and __________ (use) to describe something which can be easily shaped.
5. The bridges across the Huangpu River
___________ (build) in the 1990s.
is used
were built
Ⅱ.判断下面句子的正误，若有错误请将正确答案写在答题线上。
My neighbour is proud of her granddaughter who born last week.
__________________
2. I'm very fond of this old necklace because it was belonged to my mother. _________
3. My family live in Dubai, but I was educated in Switzerland. __________
who后加was
去掉was
√
4. I'm afraid I can't lend you my car. It's repairing this week.
_________________________
5. The bridge was collapsed during the floods, but fortunately no one was using it at the time. ____________________
6. If you don't watch the barbecue carefully, someone will get burn.
_________________________
repairing → being repaired
去掉第一个was
burn → burnt / burned
Finish Exercises 1 and 2 on page 85.