2022届高考英语二轮专题语法总复习（十四）特殊句式例题和习题课件（29张PPT）
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(共29张PPT)
第十四章、特殊句式
所谓的特殊句式一般包括：强调句型、倒装句、省略句、反义疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等。而常考的是强调句和倒装句：强调句题型的突破口是将it is( was) ..that省略，句子仍然成立；倒装句题型的关键是分分清部分倒装还是全部倒装，倒装是因为有些关键的语句提前了，所以要善于抓住这些“关键词”，同时要注意：部分倒装主句用倒装；另外，省略的前提是避免与前文的重复，简明但不能影响句意。
I．基本句型
基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：
II．倒装句
种类 倒装条件 例句
完全倒装 here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首 Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡 Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
部分倒装 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I know what had happened.
only和修饰的状语放于句首 Only then did he realized the importance of English.
not only…but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒 Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday.
as引导的让步状语 Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。 He can play the piano. So can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中 May you be in good health!
省略if的虚拟条件 Were I you, I would not do it in this way.
III．强调句结构
由it 引导的强调句： It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 原句 My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语 It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语 It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间 It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)
强调地点 It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
用助动词进行强调 用助动词do,does,did强调谓语。 She does like this horse. 她的确喜欢这匹马。
Please do take care of yourself. 千万保重。
IV．祈使句
祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。
以动词原形开头 肯定结构 Take this seat. Do be careful.
否定在动词原形之前加don't Don't move. Don't be late.
以let开头 否定结构 Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
Let 的反意疑问句 Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we
= Shall we have another try
Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try，will you / won't you
= Will you please let us have another try
No +doing / n. No smoking ! No photos! V．感叹句
What (+a/an)+形容词+名词+谓语！ What a clever boy he is!What beautiful flowers they are!
What sweet water it is!
How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ How clever a boy he is!
How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ How high the mountain is!
How fast he runs!
VI．反义疑问句
反义疑问句由“助动词+主语”构成。
前肯后否，unhappy, dislike, impossible，a little 等被视为肯定 She is unhappy,isn’t she
They can swim, can’t they
前否后肯，否定含义词有no, not, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, hardly, seldom He seldom exercise,does he
He won’t come,will he
主句主语第一人称I ，谓语为think,imagine等，反义疑问句主语与宾语从句的主语一致 I don’t think he is right, is he
祈使句 肯定形式 Come here,will you /won’t you
否定形式 Don’t be late, will you
VII．省略句
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中的谓语部分含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词 Work hard when (you are)young ,or you'll regret.
He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.
当从句中的主语是it，谓语部分中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be 一起省略 Make a careful pan if (it is) possible.
Unless (it is)necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
用so/not 代替前面提到的短语或句子 I'm afraid so. I hope not.
Get up early tomorrow.If not,you will miss the first bus.
例题分析
【答案】B。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】否定词not until放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；从句中用一般现在时，主句中用一般将来时。
【句意】直到一切准备就绪，我们才能回家。
例1
Not until everything is done go back home.
A.we will be able to B.will we be able to
C.we would be able to D.would we be able to
例2
Who us a lecture this afternoon
A. do you think gives B.will you think give
C. do you think will give D.do you think give
【答案】C。
【点评】考查插入语。
【解析】do you think是插入语，放在疑问词who后，根据时间状语this afternoon，可知用一般将来时。
【句意】你认为今天下午谁给我们作报告？
例3
It was in the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. which B.as C.that D.when
【答案】C。
【点评】考查强调句型。
【解析】It is／was+被强调的部分+that…为强调句型，本题强调的是时间状语in the middle of the night，故选C。
【句意】正是在午夜的时候，我父亲把我叫醒，告诉我看球赛。
例4
I like sports and my brother.
A. so is B.so does C.so D.so likes
【答案】B。
【点评】考查倒装。
【解析】前面陈述句是肯定句，so+倒装，表示“……也……”；前面陈述句谓语动词是一般现在时like，所以后面用助动词does，故选B。
【句意】我喜欢运动，我哥哥也喜欢。
例5
Read the story, you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
【答案】A。
【点评】考查固定句式。
【解析】祈使句+and/or+陈述句是固定句式；or表示转折，相悖；and表示顺承，因果。
【句意】读读这篇故事，你就会明白钱买不来一切。
例6
It was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.
A. who B.that C.when D.how
【答案】B。
【点评】考查强调句型。
【解析】“it is/was+…+that/who+其它”构成强调句型。（判断强调句型的方法：去掉it is/was及that/who后，剩余的仍然是完整的句子，则为强调句型，否则不是。）
【句意】是在当地向导的帮助下，这些登山运动员才获救的。
例7
There’s going to a sports meeting next month.
A. be B.have C.take place D.hold
【答案】A。
【点评】考查there be句型。
【解析】there be句型中常用be动词或其他表示存在概念的动词，故选A。
【句意】下个月将有一场运动会。
例8
It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.
A. that B.when C.while D.as
【答案】A。
【点评】考查强调句式。
【解析】it is／was+…+who／that.…是强调句型。本题强调until从句，注意not也和从句一起放在被强调部分中。
【句意】直到半夜他们才到达宿营地。
例9
was in 2009 I graduated from the university.
A. That; that B.It;that C.That; when D.It;when
【答案】B。
【点评】考查强调句式。
【解析】It +be+被强调部分+who／that…，为强调句式。本题强调了时间状语in 2009。（注意被强调部分中如果没有介词in，则为状语从句，答案用应为D）。
【句意】我大学毕业那年是2009年。
例10
Never in my life such wonderful pictures.
A. did I see B.do I see C.have I seen D.had I seen
【答案】C。
【点评】考查部分倒装和时态。
【解析】否定词never放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；再根据语境，可知（到现在为止）没有见过这么漂亮的照片，所以用现在完成时。
【句意】我一生中从没有见过这么漂亮的照片。
例11
So loudly last night that even people next door could hear him.
A. does he speak B. he spoke C. did he speak D. speaks he
【答案】C。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】“so+形容词或副词”引导的从句放在句首时，句子要进行部分倒装；再根据last night的提示，可知用一般过去时。
【句意】昨天晚上他说话如此大声以至于隔壁的人都能听到他说话。
例12
great progress you’ve made since you came here!
A. How a B.How C.What a D.What
【答案】D。
【点评】考查感叹句。
【解析】感叹句的中心词progress是名词，所以用what引导；且progress”进步”是不可数名词，所以不用冠词。
【句意】自从你来这儿，你取得了多么大的进步呀。
例13
Only by checking everything the real cause of a traffic accident.
A.a policeman can find B.can find a policeman
C.find a policeman can D.can a policeman find
【答案】D。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】“only+状语”位于句首时，句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前，故选D。
【句意】只有通过把一切都查看一遍，警察才能找到导致交通事故的真正原因。
1.—It’s nice. Never before such a special drink!
—I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I
2. It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.
A. who B.which C.that D.what
3. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours
a decision.
A. they reached B.did they reach
C.they reach D.do they reach
4. It sounds like something wrong with the car’s engine. ,we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so
5. a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before.
A. Which B.What C.How D.Whether
6. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party,
A. doesn’t it B.does it C.don’t they D.do they
7.—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring
—I ,but I didn’t have the money.
A. would have B.bought C.would like to D.had bought
8. Not until he called the secretary three times that the manager went to an important meeting.
A. did he tell B.he told C.was he told D.he was told
9. , Zhang Mo, whose father is Zhang Cuoli was arrested due to drug-taking recenctly.
A.A public figure as is he B.Public figure as he is
C. Public figure he is as D.A public figure as he is
10. asleep a knock at the door awakened her.
A. Scarcely had she fallen; than B.No sooner did she fall; than
C. Hardly she had when; when D.Scarcely had she fallen; when
11.I travel to London every day, most of people who live in this village.
A. as do B.so do C.so will D.nor do
12. Not until the taxi disappeared in the distance her handbag was gone.
A. Tina had found B.had Tina found
C.did Tina find D.Tina found
13. Was it because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe
the flight had to be put off
A.which B.so C.why D.that
14. When I try to understand that prevents so many Americans from being happy as one might expect, it seemed to me that there are two causes.
A. why it does B. what it does C.what it is D.why it is
15. You won’t surf the internet before you finish your homework, you
A. do B. don’t C.will D.won’t
16. “Freeze, you guy! and I’ll shoot you.” an old man with a gun in hand shouted at me.
A. If you go for one more step B. Going for one more step
C. One more step D. You going for one more step
17.—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it
—Yes. yesterday.
A. So was it B. So it was C. So is it D. So it is
18. I just wonder that makes him so excited.
A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is D. what it is
19.—Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carry out the order .
A.as told B.as are told C.a telling D. as they told
20. It is few people, have come to ask for the position, fit for the job.
A. who; who do I think is B. that; I think is
C. that; who I think are D. who; that I think are
答案
1-5CCBDB 6-10BACBD 11-15BCDCC 16-20CADAD
第十四章、特殊句式
所谓的特殊句式一般包括：强调句型、倒装句、省略句、反义疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等。而常考的是强调句和倒装句：强调句题型的突破口是将it is( was) ..that省略，句子仍然成立；倒装句题型的关键是分分清部分倒装还是全部倒装，倒装是因为有些关键的语句提前了，所以要善于抓住这些“关键词”，同时要注意：部分倒装主句用倒装；另外，省略的前提是避免与前文的重复，简明但不能影响句意。
I．基本句型
基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：
II．倒装句
种类 倒装条件 例句
完全倒装 here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首 Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡 Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
部分倒装 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I know what had happened.
only和修饰的状语放于句首 Only then did he realized the importance of English.
not only…but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒 Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday.
as引导的让步状语 Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。 He can play the piano. So can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中 May you be in good health!
省略if的虚拟条件 Were I you, I would not do it in this way.
III．强调句结构
由it 引导的强调句： It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 原句 My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语 It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语 It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间 It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)
强调地点 It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
用助动词进行强调 用助动词do,does,did强调谓语。 She does like this horse. 她的确喜欢这匹马。
Please do take care of yourself. 千万保重。
IV．祈使句
祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。
以动词原形开头 肯定结构 Take this seat. Do be careful.
否定在动词原形之前加don't Don't move. Don't be late.
以let开头 否定结构 Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
Let 的反意疑问句 Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we
= Shall we have another try
Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try，will you / won't you
= Will you please let us have another try
No +doing / n. No smoking ! No photos! V．感叹句
What (+a/an)+形容词+名词+谓语！ What a clever boy he is!What beautiful flowers they are!
What sweet water it is!
How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ How clever a boy he is!
How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ How high the mountain is!
How fast he runs!
VI．反义疑问句
反义疑问句由“助动词+主语”构成。
前肯后否，unhappy, dislike, impossible，a little 等被视为肯定 She is unhappy,isn’t she
They can swim, can’t they
前否后肯，否定含义词有no, not, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, hardly, seldom He seldom exercise,does he
He won’t come,will he
主句主语第一人称I ，谓语为think,imagine等，反义疑问句主语与宾语从句的主语一致 I don’t think he is right, is he
祈使句 肯定形式 Come here,will you /won’t you
否定形式 Don’t be late, will you
VII．省略句
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中的谓语部分含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词 Work hard when (you are)young ,or you'll regret.
He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.
当从句中的主语是it，谓语部分中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be 一起省略 Make a careful pan if (it is) possible.
Unless (it is)necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
用so/not 代替前面提到的短语或句子 I'm afraid so. I hope not.
Get up early tomorrow.If not,you will miss the first bus.
例题分析
【答案】B。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】否定词not until放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；从句中用一般现在时，主句中用一般将来时。
【句意】直到一切准备就绪，我们才能回家。
例1
Not until everything is done go back home.
A.we will be able to B.will we be able to
C.we would be able to D.would we be able to
例2
Who us a lecture this afternoon
A. do you think gives B.will you think give
C. do you think will give D.do you think give
【答案】C。
【点评】考查插入语。
【解析】do you think是插入语，放在疑问词who后，根据时间状语this afternoon，可知用一般将来时。
【句意】你认为今天下午谁给我们作报告？
例3
It was in the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. which B.as C.that D.when
【答案】C。
【点评】考查强调句型。
【解析】It is／was+被强调的部分+that…为强调句型，本题强调的是时间状语in the middle of the night，故选C。
【句意】正是在午夜的时候，我父亲把我叫醒，告诉我看球赛。
例4
I like sports and my brother.
A. so is B.so does C.so D.so likes
【答案】B。
【点评】考查倒装。
【解析】前面陈述句是肯定句，so+倒装，表示“……也……”；前面陈述句谓语动词是一般现在时like，所以后面用助动词does，故选B。
【句意】我喜欢运动，我哥哥也喜欢。
例5
Read the story, you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
【答案】A。
【点评】考查固定句式。
【解析】祈使句+and/or+陈述句是固定句式；or表示转折，相悖；and表示顺承，因果。
【句意】读读这篇故事，你就会明白钱买不来一切。
例6
It was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.
A. who B.that C.when D.how
【答案】B。
【点评】考查强调句型。
【解析】“it is/was+…+that/who+其它”构成强调句型。（判断强调句型的方法：去掉it is/was及that/who后，剩余的仍然是完整的句子，则为强调句型，否则不是。）
【句意】是在当地向导的帮助下，这些登山运动员才获救的。
例7
There’s going to a sports meeting next month.
A. be B.have C.take place D.hold
【答案】A。
【点评】考查there be句型。
【解析】there be句型中常用be动词或其他表示存在概念的动词，故选A。
【句意】下个月将有一场运动会。
例8
It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.
A. that B.when C.while D.as
【答案】A。
【点评】考查强调句式。
【解析】it is／was+…+who／that.…是强调句型。本题强调until从句，注意not也和从句一起放在被强调部分中。
【句意】直到半夜他们才到达宿营地。
例9
was in 2009 I graduated from the university.
A. That; that B.It;that C.That; when D.It;when
【答案】B。
【点评】考查强调句式。
【解析】It +be+被强调部分+who／that…，为强调句式。本题强调了时间状语in 2009。（注意被强调部分中如果没有介词in，则为状语从句，答案用应为D）。
【句意】我大学毕业那年是2009年。
例10
Never in my life such wonderful pictures.
A. did I see B.do I see C.have I seen D.had I seen
【答案】C。
【点评】考查部分倒装和时态。
【解析】否定词never放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；再根据语境，可知（到现在为止）没有见过这么漂亮的照片，所以用现在完成时。
【句意】我一生中从没有见过这么漂亮的照片。
例11
So loudly last night that even people next door could hear him.
A. does he speak B. he spoke C. did he speak D. speaks he
【答案】C。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】“so+形容词或副词”引导的从句放在句首时，句子要进行部分倒装；再根据last night的提示，可知用一般过去时。
【句意】昨天晚上他说话如此大声以至于隔壁的人都能听到他说话。
例12
great progress you’ve made since you came here!
A. How a B.How C.What a D.What
【答案】D。
【点评】考查感叹句。
【解析】感叹句的中心词progress是名词，所以用what引导；且progress”进步”是不可数名词，所以不用冠词。
【句意】自从你来这儿，你取得了多么大的进步呀。
例13
Only by checking everything the real cause of a traffic accident.
A.a policeman can find B.can find a policeman
C.find a policeman can D.can a policeman find
【答案】D。
【点评】考查部分倒装。
【解析】“only+状语”位于句首时，句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前，故选D。
【句意】只有通过把一切都查看一遍，警察才能找到导致交通事故的真正原因。
1.—It’s nice. Never before such a special drink!
—I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I
2. It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.
A. who B.which C.that D.what
3. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours
a decision.
A. they reached B.did they reach
C.they reach D.do they reach
4. It sounds like something wrong with the car’s engine. ,we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so
5. a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before.
A. Which B.What C.How D.Whether
6. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party,
A. doesn’t it B.does it C.don’t they D.do they
7.—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring
—I ,but I didn’t have the money.
A. would have B.bought C.would like to D.had bought
8. Not until he called the secretary three times that the manager went to an important meeting.
A. did he tell B.he told C.was he told D.he was told
9. , Zhang Mo, whose father is Zhang Cuoli was arrested due to drug-taking recenctly.
A.A public figure as is he B.Public figure as he is
C. Public figure he is as D.A public figure as he is
10. asleep a knock at the door awakened her.
A. Scarcely had she fallen; than B.No sooner did she fall; than
C. Hardly she had when; when D.Scarcely had she fallen; when
11.I travel to London every day, most of people who live in this village.
A. as do B.so do C.so will D.nor do
12. Not until the taxi disappeared in the distance her handbag was gone.
A. Tina had found B.had Tina found
C.did Tina find D.Tina found
13. Was it because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe
the flight had to be put off
A.which B.so C.why D.that
14. When I try to understand that prevents so many Americans from being happy as one might expect, it seemed to me that there are two causes.
A. why it does B. what it does C.what it is D.why it is
15. You won’t surf the internet before you finish your homework, you
A. do B. don’t C.will D.won’t
16. “Freeze, you guy! and I’ll shoot you.” an old man with a gun in hand shouted at me.
A. If you go for one more step B. Going for one more step
C. One more step D. You going for one more step
17.—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it
—Yes. yesterday.
A. So was it B. So it was C. So is it D. So it is
18. I just wonder that makes him so excited.
A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is D. what it is
19.—Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carry out the order .
A.as told B.as are told C.a telling D. as they told
20. It is few people, have come to ask for the position, fit for the job.
A. who; who do I think is B. that; I think is
C. that; who I think are D. who; that I think are
答案
1-5CCBDB 6-10BACBD 11-15BCDCC 16-20CADAD