中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 What’s the matter 重点知识归纳
Section B
bandatage n. 绷带 v. 包扎 a bandage 一块绷带
bandage sb 给某人包扎
put a bandage on +身体部位 包扎某身体部位
eg:He put a bandage on his arm 他在他的胳膊上绑一个绷带。
He bandage himself with a bandage 他用一个绷带包扎他自己。
sick adj. 生病的 =ill adj. 生病的
ill 只能做表语 sick可做表语/定语
eg: Lucy’s mother was ill /sick in hospital 露西的妈妈生病住院了。
He will visit his sick mother after school . 放学后他会看望他生病的妈妈。
nosebleed n. 鼻出血 blood n. 血渍
bleed v.出血； 流血
breathe v. 呼吸 breath n. 气息
have problems breathing =breathe hard 呼吸困难
sunburned adj. 晒伤的 get sunburned 被晒伤
(1)used to do sth 过去常常做某事（现在已不做）
used to be 过去是...的/过去处于....状态
eg: Mr. Brown used to go to the park . 布朗先生过去常去公园。
(2 )be used to do sth 被用来做某事
eg: Knives are used to cut things 刀被用来切东西。
(3 ) be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: Tom is used to living in the north . 汤姆习惯在北方生活。
get used to doing 变得习惯
eg: He has got used to going to bed late .他已经习惯晚睡。
risk n. v. 危险； 冒险； 风险
take risks 冒险 take a risk 冒次险
eg: He is used to taking risks 他习惯冒险
He used to take risks 他过去常常冒险。
take the risk of = at the risk of 冒....的险
eg: They took the risk of life to go there. =They went there at the risk of life 他们冒着生命危险去那。
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
eg:We couldn’t risk missing the train 我们不能冒险错过火车。
accident n. 事故 traffic accident 交通事故 by accident 偶然地； 意外地
eg:I met one of my friends by accident last Sunday . 上周日我偶然地遇见我的一个朋友。
situation n. 情况； 状况； 形势； 局面
situation comedy =sitcom 情景喜剧
in this /that situation 在这/那种局面下
eg:I have to go to the hospital in that situation 我不得不在那种局面下去医院。
in difficult situations 在困难状况下
kilo n. 千克； 公斤 = kilogram kilometer 千米
a kilo of ... 一公斤...
two kilos of ....二公斤的....
eg: Please give me two and a half kilos of oranges /two kilos and a half 请给我二斤半橙子。
钱数+a kilo ....钱一斤
eg: These apples are 5 yuan a kilo . 这些苹果五元一斤。
My home is 2 kilometers from school .我家离学校2千米
It’s 200 kilometers from Beijing to Songyuan. 从北京到松原200千米远。
run out of 用光； 用完； 耗尽
主语是人用：run out of use up (用光）
eg: Winter is coming , but we have run out of/use up our coal 冬天要来了，但我们用光了我们的煤炭。
主语是物用：run out , be used up 被用光
eg: His money ran out /was used up yesterday 昨天他的钱被用光了。
run away from 从...逃跑; 逃避； 远离
knife n. 刀 knives (复数） leaf leaves (复数）
life lives (复数） thief thieves (复数）
cut off 切断； 切除
eg: He used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 他用他的刀切除他的右胳膊。
cut cut (过去式） cut (过去分词）
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒； 削减 动副短语
cut ...into pieces 把..切成块/片
cut ....into small /thin pieces 把...切成小/薄片
blood Un. 血液 bleed v. 流血 have a nosebleed 流鼻血
a drop of blood 一滴血 lose blood =bleed 留学
mean v. 意思是 meant (过去式） meant (过去分词）
mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事
eg: He meant to buy a gift for his mother 他打算给他的妈妈卖个礼物。
Missing the train means waiting for a day . 错过火车意味着等了一天。
meaning n. 含义 the meaning of ....的含义
eg:What’s the meaning of the word =What does the word mean 这个单词的含义是什么？
meaningless adj. 毫无意义的 meaningful adj. 有意义的
get out of 摆脱 ; 从...出来 get into 陷入； 进入...中
eg:He always gets into a fight with his parents 他总是和他的父母陷入战争中。
He wants to get out of his family .他想摆脱他的家。
get into trouble 陷入困境 get out of trouble 摆脱困境
importance n. 重要性 the importance of .... ...的重要性
eg:Can you tell me the importance of studying hard . 你能告诉我努力学习的重要性。
important adj. 重要的 be important to 对..重要
eg:The book is important to me . 这本书对我来说是重要的。
It+be + important for sb +to do sth 对某人来说，做...是重要的。
eg:It’s important for us to learn English 对我们来说学习英语是重要的。
18. decision n. 决定； 抉择 decide v. 做决定
make decisions 下决心 =make a decision
eg:He made a decision /decided to study hard 他下决心努力学习。
They decided on 5 students to give us a show 他们选定五名学生给我们演节目。
decide +疑问词+to
Eg:Can you decide when to leave 你能决定什么时候离开？
control v. n. 掌控； 限制 ； 整理； 约束 be in control of ... 控制； 掌管
eg:You should be in control of your life . 你应该掌控你的生活.
The policeman have been in control of the situation . 警察已经控制这个情况了。
under control 处于控制之下。
out of control 失控
eg:Everything is out of control . 完事都失控了。
spirit n. (1)勇气； 意志力 (2)精神 in spirit 在精神上
eg: I’ll help you in spirit 我会在精神上帮助你。
death n. 死亡 die v. 去世 dead adj. 死的
eg:His death made me very sad. 他的死使我很伤心。
It’s a dead bird . 它是只死鸟。
His uncle died from an earthquake .他的叔叔死于地震。
give up 放弃
eg:I don’t want the teacher to give me up 我不想让老师放弃我。
give up +n/doing/pron 放弃做某事
eg:The teacher asked me to give up smoking .老师让我戒烟。
give away 赠送； 泄露； 出卖 give out 发出； 放出（光，声，电）；分发
give back to ... 归还给... give off 发出； 放出（液体，气体，雾； 烟） give in 屈服； 投降
give sb a call /ring 给某人打电话
run it under water 在水下冲洗它
put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎它
put your head back 将你的头往后仰
feel sick 感觉虚弱
cut one’s knee 划破某人的膝盖
get hit on the head 头部受到撞击
hurt oneself 伤到自己
fall down 摔倒； 跌倒
have problems breathing 呼吸困难
get hit by a ball 被球击中
get hit by ...被击中
get sunburned 被晒伤
mountain climbing 爬山
mountain climber 登山者
定语从句的基本知识
定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的连词称为关系代词或关系副词。 将先行词拿到定语从句中，看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分。
eg: This means being in a difficult situation 省略/that/which you can’t seem to get out of 这意味着处于一种你似乎无法摆脱的困境。
关联词 关系代词 所修饰的先行词 先行词在句中成分
who whom which that whose 人 人 物 人/物 人/物 主、宾、表宾主、宾、表主、宾、表定
关系副词
when where why 有关时间名词有关地点名词原因名词 时间状语地点状语原因状语
先行词在定语从句中主、定、状语时，关联词一般不可省略，做宾语时关联词可省略。
eg: The boy who /whom/that/省略 I know studies best in our class. 我认识我们班学习最好的男孩。
The train which /that has just left is for Beijing .刚开的火车是去北京的。
His arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that/which fell on him .他的胳膊被一个360千克的大石头压住了。
He is an American man who /that is interested in mountain climbing . 他是一个对爬山感兴趣的美国人。
We have to make a decision that/which could mean life or death . 我们必须做出一个可能意味着生死的决定。
I’ll never forget the day when I won the prize 我永远不会忘记我得奖的那一天。
Mr. Brown lives in a house whose roof is red . 布朗先生住在屋顶是红色的房子里。
过去将来时
定义:从过去看将来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
谓语结构：would +动词原型
eg:He hoped that someone would find him 他希望有人会发现他。
He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood . 他包扎他自己以便于他不会失去太多的血。
He knew that he would have to do something to save his own life 他知道他必须做点什么来挽救自己的生命。
(1)order sth for sb 给某人预定某物
eg:He ordered a chair for his father 他为他的父亲订购一把椅子。
order sth from 从...预定
eg: Let’s order some food from a restaurant 咱们从饭店订购些事物吧。
(3 ) order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
eg:The policeman ordered them to go there. 警察命令他们去那。
(4 ) in order to 目的是； 为了
eg:He got up early in order to catch the bus 他早起为了赶公交。
in order 按顺序； 按次序
宾语从句缺宾语，用what做引导词 ；宾语从句不缺成分，用that 做引导词，that可省略。
be interested in =take (an) interest in 对...感兴趣
eg：He is interested in singing =He takes an interest in singing 他对唱歌感兴趣。
find +宾+宾补
eg: He found the question difficult 他发现这个问题很难回答。
He found himself in a dangerous situation 他发现自己在一个很危险的情境下。
Please keep the window open 请保持窗户开着。
在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，当主从句主语一致时，可以将从句的主语和谓语动词省略，而用疑问词+doing 的形式。
eg:You must say goodbye to us when you leave/leaving 你必须在离开时对我们说再见。
on that day 在那天（过去时态）
eg:He lost his life on that day 在那天他丢掉他的命。
fall on 落在..之上
eg:A leaf fell on my head. 一个树叶落在我的头上。
by oneself 独自
eg:He finished his homework by himself 他独自完成他的作业。
in the mountains 在山里
at the top of the mountain 在山顶上
at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下
free v. 使自由; 使释放 adj. 自由的； 空闲的； 免费的
be free = be available 有空
eg:Can you free the bird from the cage 你能把鸟从笼子里放出来吗？
be ready to do sth 准备做某事
eg:We are ready to answer the question 我们准备回答这个问题。
get ready for = prepare for 为...做准备
eg:They’re preparing for the party =They’re getting ready for the party 他们正在为派对做准备。
be ready for 处于准备好...的状态
be ready 准备好的
eg:Everything is ready 每件事都是准备好的。
use sth to do sth =use sth for doing sth 用某物做某事
Eg:I use my pen to write a letter =I use my pen for writing a letter . 我用我的笔写信。
climb down the mountain 爬下山
过去分词做定语表示被动，完成
现在分词做定语表示主动，进行
eg:This is my homework finished yesterday 这是我昨天完成的作业。
非谓语动词：to do sth ; doing sth , 分词
wake up the boy sleeping in class 叫醒在课上睡觉的男孩。
seem to do sth 似乎做某事
eg:He seems to know the answer 他似乎知道答案。
seem to be = It seems that = seem +adj
tell of .... 讲述； 谈及； 谈到
eg:He told of his experiences of life 他讲述他的生活经历。
love for 对...的爱
eg:His love for his job is so great 他对工作的爱是如此大。
keep(on ) doing sth 反复；持续不断做某事
eg:He kept on asking me questions 他反复问我问题。
keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事
eg:Don’t keep your mother waiting 不要让你妈妈等。
have an experience of 有一次...经历
have experiences of 有...经验
eg:He has an experience of going to Beijing.他有一个去北京的经历。
He has rich experience of teaching 他是有经验的教师。
have a serious accident 发生一次严重事故
have a serious mountain climbing accident 发生一次爬山事故
go mountain climbing 去进行爬山运动
go bike riding 骑车观光
mind doing sth 介意做某事
Would you mind +doing sth 你介意...吗？
eg:Would you mind giving me a cup of tea 你介意给我一杯茶吗？
Of course not 当然不介意。
I don’t mind helping you 我不介意帮助你。
58. 伴随状语：修饰句中谓语动词，并伴随谓语动词而发生，伴随状语只能用doing
eg: Jack hurt his back playing volleyball (伴随状语）
I feel happy living with my parents .
have a bad cold 患重感冒
eg:My cousins have bad colds 我表弟患重感冒。
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Unit 1 What’s the matter 要点集训
Section B
根据句意或汉语提示补全单词。
He lost his left arm because of the a_______ .
If you take the deep b_______ , you can get relaxed .
If you are in a very dangerous s______ , you need to keep calm down .
Computers can help people ______ (控制）the cars .
Mr. White tells his little son the red traffic light ______ _(意思是）”stop”
-How much rice would you like to buy
-Two k______ , please .
We enjoyed o_______ swimming in the lake yesterday afternoon .
He likes to go up and down rocks and mountains . He is a good c______ .
He was killed in a car accident . His d_____ made his wife very sad .
-What’s the trouble with Lucy
-She is s_______ . So she has to go to see a doctor .
用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空
take risks by accident run out of cut off give up
What should I do if _____________ _gas (汽油）at midnight on the way
It’s not the time to ______________ . You should play it by the rule book .
He doesn’t want to be a teacher . So he is thinking of __________ teaching .
Jim cut one of his fingers ___________ when cutting vegetables .
They were almost completely ____________ from the outside world .
单项选择
( ) 1. Mr. Black is ______ a difficult situation . He needs our help .
in B. under C. on
( ) 2. _______ the accident , he lost his best friend.
Because B. Because of C. Since
( ) 3. The old man doesn’t feel well . He must be ______ .
sick B. ill C. A and B
( ) 4. The doctor told him ______ her head back .
put B. putting C. to put
( ) 5. A boy hurt _____ when he had a PE class . He was sent to the hospital by his teacher at once .
he B. himself C. his
( ) 6. On smog days , many people have problems ______ , especially those old people .
breathing B. breathes C. breathed
( ) 7. The doctor _____ half his right leg and saved his life .
cut off B. ran out C. fall down
( ) 8. Now the police are _____ the criminals . We needn’t worry about it .
in control of B. in the control of C. in a control of
( ) 9. Mike _____ risks . He always challenges himself.
used to take B. used to taking C . is used to taking
( ) 10. Tommy doesn’t talk to me now . But I don’t know _____ .
what I did wrong B. how I did wrong C. what did I wrong
IV 句型转换，根据所给要求，改变句子，每空一词。
He has a son of three years old . (同义句转换）
He has a ______son .
Thanks to your help , I finished the work on time . (同义句转换）
_______ _______ your help , I finished the work on time.
I make a decision to study abroad in the future . (同义句转换）
I _______ ______ _________ ________ to study abroad in the future .
I were surprised that Lily was late for school this morning . (同义句转换）
________ ________ ______ , Lily was late for school this morning .
He is used to taking a walk after supper . (同义句转换）
He ________ ________ ______ taking a walk after supper .
根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、正确。（每空次数不限）
A:Where’s Tom
B: He can’t come to school today .
A: 1. _________________
B: He hurt 2. __________________ playing soccer in PE class yesterday .
A: Is it serious
B: Yes, he broke his right leg
A: 3. ______________________ . .Did he go to the doctor
B: Yes, we sent him to the hospital at once .
A:What did the doctor say
B: The doctor told him to 4. ____________________ for at least three months .
A: Poor boy ! I hope 5. ___________________________ .
参考答案
1. accident 2. breath 3. situation 4. control 5. means 6. kilos 7. ourselves 8. climber 9. death 10. sick
1. run out of 2. take risks 3. giving up 4. by accident 5. cut off
1-5 ABCCB 6-10 AAACA
1. three-year-old 2. Because of 3. make up my mind 4. To our surprise 5. gets used to
1. What’s the matter with him 2. himself 3. That’s too bad /I’m sorry to hear that 4. stay in bed 5. he can get better soon .
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