选必四Unit 1 Science Fiction Discover useful structures 被动语态(被动语态)课件（22张ppt）
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| 名称 | 选必四Unit 1 Science Fiction Discover useful structures 被动语态(被动语态)课件（22张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 674.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-02-15 19:19:04 | ||
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(共22张PPT)
The Passive Voice
选必四Unit1 被动语态
写出下列动词的过去式与过去分词
1. build
2. speak
3. eat
4. break
5. give
6. grow
7. write
8. think
9. love
10. water
built built
spoke spoken
ate eaten
broke broken
gave given
grew grown
wrote written
thought thought
loved loved
watered watered
Lead in
熟背课本
P117-118
《不规则动词表》
The Great Wall is visited by many people every year.
Many people visit
the Great Wall every year.
主动语态
被动语态
Pepole often play footbal all over the world .
Football is often played
by pepole all over the world.
主动语态
被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态 (the Active Voice)
被动语态(the Passive Voice)
被动语态的相关概念
1. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。
2. 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，
而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。
指出句中的执行者和承受者。
Some trees are planted by us every year.
3. 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
承受者
执行者
We plant these trees.
These trees are planted by us.
主动句与被动句的转换
主语
宾语
主语
宾语
把下列主动句转换成被动句
We plant some trees every year.
Some trees are planted by us every year.
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
Everyone likes the story.
The story is liked by everyone.
Presentation
被动语态构成
助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词
be + vt. p. p.
Conclusion
一般现在时的被动语态：
am/is/are + vt.P.P.
现以及物动词tell为例，列表如下：
时态 被动语态的构成
一般式 一般现在时 be(am，is，are)told
一般过去时 be (was，were)told
一般将来时 shall/will be told
过去将来时 should/would be told
进行式 现在进行时 be (am，is，are)being told
过去进行时 be (was，were)being told
完成式 现在完成时 have/has been told
过去完成时 had been told
肯定句：
否定句：
一般疑问句：
回答：
特殊疑问句：
Children love these songs.
These songs are loved by children.
These songs are not loved by children.
Are these songs loved by children.
Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.
What are loved by children
特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by…)
主语+be not+过去分词+(by…)
Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)
句型：
主语+be +过去分词+(by…)
一般现在时的被动语态
肯定句：
主语+am/is/are + done + by+动作的执行者。
否定句：
主语+am/is/are + not + done + by+动作的执行者。
一般疑问句：
Am/Is/Are +主语+done + by+动作的执行者
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+ am/is/are +主语+done + by+动作的执行者
My favourite funny story in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is when Tom (1) _________ (tell) by his aunt to paint the gate white. The work is a punishment because he missed school one day. Of course, he does not want to do any work. At first, Tom (2) _________ (watch) by his friends and (3) __________ (laugh at), so he feels quite bad.
is watched
laughed at
is told
2
But soon he turns the situation round, and he (4) __________ (help) by his friends instead. Tom says that he enjoys painting the gate white, and his friends want to try. He asks each friend to give him something valuable, and in return they (5) __________ (allow) to do some of Tom’s work!
is helped
are allowed
Tom: Why (1) _____ popular books
_____ (make) into films
Jack: Oh, because the stories (2) _____
already _______ (know) by lots of
people, so the films will become
popular as well.
Tom: But why (3) _____ the stories
sometimes ________ (change) in
films
3
are
made
are
are
changed
known
Jack: Because films and books are different.
Some people in the book are not
included in the film, but others are
more important than they are in the
book.
Tom: But that doesn’t happen in historical
films
Jack: Yes, it does. Sometimes even the facts
about history (4) __________ (change).
Tom: But why (5) _____ facts _________
(rewrite)
Jack: Because films don’t always try to
teach history, but to tell a good story!
are changed
are rewritten
1．What little money he did have ________ (spend)on a record selected with extreme care which became, to his way of thinking, a possession close to his heart.2．Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ________ (send) to ten Hope Schools in South China.3．When I ________ (choose) to take part in the sport, I felt very surprised because I had never done this before.4．In the early years of the 1980s, as the reform and opening up policy ________ (carry) out, our dream came true.5．The sellers' shouts could ________ (hear) every now and then.
6．For thousands of years, the festival ________ (mark) by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.
7．I'm so sorry, but sometimes the bus can ________ (delay) by some problems.
8．Now college graduates ________ (encourage) to start their own business, which sounds really good for us.
9．So the questions must ________ (deal) with carefully, the same way you would handle any other hot potato.
10．He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to ________ (tell) how to live a more simple life.
1．was spent 句意：他所拥有的一点钱都花在了一张精心挑选的唱片上，在他看来，这张唱片成了他心中的珍品。What引导主语从句，是主句谓语动词spend的动作承受者，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。2．was sent as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式和前面的主语一致。equipment 是不可数名词，且动作发生在过去，equipment和send之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。3．was chosen 句意：当我被选中参加这项运动的时候，我感觉很惊讶，因为我以前从没有做过此事。I和choose之间为被动关系，从I felt very surprised可知为过去时态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。4．was carried 根据 In the early years of the 1980s可知要用过去时态，而且此处表示被动意义，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。5．be heard shouts为hear的动作承受者，此处为被动语态。6．has been marked 由时间状语For thousands of years可知，谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式进行庆祝，从空后的by可知，此处为被动语态，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。7．be delayed the bus和delay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。8．are being encouraged 句意：现在大学毕业生正在被鼓励自主创业，对我们来说这听起来不错。根据时间状语now可知是正在进行时，“学生”与“鼓励”之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。9．be dealt 主语questions和动词词组deal with之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10．be told 句意：此人到庙里拜见高僧寻求指点，期望被告知如何过更简朴的生活。expect to do sth.意为“期望做某事”，因为he和tell之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。
自主训练
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct)．”(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
2．The artist was sure he would ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
3．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.(2018·北京卷)
答案：1.is constructed 2.be chosen 3.had been trapped
4．During a visit to Boston in 1733, Franklin ________ (impress) with the city's fire prevention methods.
5．At university, you will ________ (teach) by lecturers and professors who are leading figures in their study.
6．Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
7．Shuai jiao ________ (consider) by some experts as the origin of modern throwing sports such as judo.
答案：4.was impressed 5.be taught 6.be made 7.is considered
8．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________ (reflect) my interest.(2016·浙江卷)
9．More efforts, as reported, ________ (make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply side structural reform.(2016·江苏卷)
10．Two years ago, while Cathy ________ (watch)the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer.(2016·天津卷)
答案： 8．reflected 9.will be made 10.was watching
语法填空In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs, ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows, 1.________ (receive) both commercial success and public attention.Their popularity is 2.________ (main) based on simple facts.First, they care 3.________ social concerns.Second, without exception, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.Despite apparent highlights, much room 4.________ (leave) for improvement.Above all, commercial interests often outweigh 5.________ (education) purposes, causing many complaints about the unbearable advertisements.In addition, some sharp remarks, 6.________ they are eye catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.In 7.________ (I) opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 8.________ (entertain) the public. 9.________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the 10.________ (medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.
答案及解析：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了近年来各种电视节目大受欢迎，作者就才艺展示、相亲节目等电视节目的缺点和发展方向，阐明了自己的观点。1．have received 由段首的“In recent years”可知，应该用现在完成时态，且主语“Those programs”为复数形式，故填have received。2．mainly 此处修饰动词短语based on，所以用副词形式，故填mainly。3．about 根据句意，这里表示他们关心社会问题，care about “关心，在乎”是固定短语，故填about。4．is left room与leave之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态；且本文的主体时态为一般现在时，故此处应该用一般现在时；又因主语“room”是不可数名词，所以应用动词的第三人称单数形式，故填is left。5．educational 此处修饰名词“purposes”，所以用形容词形式，故填educational。6．though/although “吸引眼球”与“会对青少年产生误导”之间是转折关系，故填though/although。7．my in one's opinion“在某人看来”是固定短语，故填my。8．entertaining 所填词位于介词“of” 之后，所以填该动词的动名词形式，故填entertaining。9．As 分析句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，放在句首，表达“正如……”，只有as有这种用法。注意单词放在句首，首字母需大写，故填As。10．media 这里的“媒体”，不是指某一种形式，也不是某一家，而是一个泛指概念，指所有的媒体，所以用复数形式。特别注意medium的复数形式为不规则变化，故填media。
The Passive Voice
选必四Unit1 被动语态
写出下列动词的过去式与过去分词
1. build
2. speak
3. eat
4. break
5. give
6. grow
7. write
8. think
9. love
10. water
built built
spoke spoken
ate eaten
broke broken
gave given
grew grown
wrote written
thought thought
loved loved
watered watered
Lead in
熟背课本
P117-118
《不规则动词表》
The Great Wall is visited by many people every year.
Many people visit
the Great Wall every year.
主动语态
被动语态
Pepole often play footbal all over the world .
Football is often played
by pepole all over the world.
主动语态
被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态 (the Active Voice)
被动语态(the Passive Voice)
被动语态的相关概念
1. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。
2. 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，
而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。
指出句中的执行者和承受者。
Some trees are planted by us every year.
3. 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
承受者
执行者
We plant these trees.
These trees are planted by us.
主动句与被动句的转换
主语
宾语
主语
宾语
把下列主动句转换成被动句
We plant some trees every year.
Some trees are planted by us every year.
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
Everyone likes the story.
The story is liked by everyone.
Presentation
被动语态构成
助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词
be + vt. p. p.
Conclusion
一般现在时的被动语态：
am/is/are + vt.P.P.
现以及物动词tell为例，列表如下：
时态 被动语态的构成
一般式 一般现在时 be(am，is，are)told
一般过去时 be (was，were)told
一般将来时 shall/will be told
过去将来时 should/would be told
进行式 现在进行时 be (am，is，are)being told
过去进行时 be (was，were)being told
完成式 现在完成时 have/has been told
过去完成时 had been told
肯定句：
否定句：
一般疑问句：
回答：
特殊疑问句：
Children love these songs.
These songs are loved by children.
These songs are not loved by children.
Are these songs loved by children.
Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.
What are loved by children
特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by…)
主语+be not+过去分词+(by…)
Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)
句型：
主语+be +过去分词+(by…)
一般现在时的被动语态
肯定句：
主语+am/is/are + done + by+动作的执行者。
否定句：
主语+am/is/are + not + done + by+动作的执行者。
一般疑问句：
Am/Is/Are +主语+done + by+动作的执行者
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+ am/is/are +主语+done + by+动作的执行者
My favourite funny story in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is when Tom (1) _________ (tell) by his aunt to paint the gate white. The work is a punishment because he missed school one day. Of course, he does not want to do any work. At first, Tom (2) _________ (watch) by his friends and (3) __________ (laugh at), so he feels quite bad.
is watched
laughed at
is told
2
But soon he turns the situation round, and he (4) __________ (help) by his friends instead. Tom says that he enjoys painting the gate white, and his friends want to try. He asks each friend to give him something valuable, and in return they (5) __________ (allow) to do some of Tom’s work!
is helped
are allowed
Tom: Why (1) _____ popular books
_____ (make) into films
Jack: Oh, because the stories (2) _____
already _______ (know) by lots of
people, so the films will become
popular as well.
Tom: But why (3) _____ the stories
sometimes ________ (change) in
films
3
are
made
are
are
changed
known
Jack: Because films and books are different.
Some people in the book are not
included in the film, but others are
more important than they are in the
book.
Tom: But that doesn’t happen in historical
films
Jack: Yes, it does. Sometimes even the facts
about history (4) __________ (change).
Tom: But why (5) _____ facts _________
(rewrite)
Jack: Because films don’t always try to
teach history, but to tell a good story!
are changed
are rewritten
1．What little money he did have ________ (spend)on a record selected with extreme care which became, to his way of thinking, a possession close to his heart.2．Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers ________ (send) to ten Hope Schools in South China.3．When I ________ (choose) to take part in the sport, I felt very surprised because I had never done this before.4．In the early years of the 1980s, as the reform and opening up policy ________ (carry) out, our dream came true.5．The sellers' shouts could ________ (hear) every now and then.
6．For thousands of years, the festival ________ (mark) by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.
7．I'm so sorry, but sometimes the bus can ________ (delay) by some problems.
8．Now college graduates ________ (encourage) to start their own business, which sounds really good for us.
9．So the questions must ________ (deal) with carefully, the same way you would handle any other hot potato.
10．He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to ________ (tell) how to live a more simple life.
1．was spent 句意：他所拥有的一点钱都花在了一张精心挑选的唱片上，在他看来，这张唱片成了他心中的珍品。What引导主语从句，是主句谓语动词spend的动作承受者，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。2．was sent as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式和前面的主语一致。equipment 是不可数名词，且动作发生在过去，equipment和send之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。3．was chosen 句意：当我被选中参加这项运动的时候，我感觉很惊讶，因为我以前从没有做过此事。I和choose之间为被动关系，从I felt very surprised可知为过去时态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。4．was carried 根据 In the early years of the 1980s可知要用过去时态，而且此处表示被动意义，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。5．be heard shouts为hear的动作承受者，此处为被动语态。6．has been marked 由时间状语For thousands of years可知，谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式进行庆祝，从空后的by可知，此处为被动语态，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。7．be delayed the bus和delay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。8．are being encouraged 句意：现在大学毕业生正在被鼓励自主创业，对我们来说这听起来不错。根据时间状语now可知是正在进行时，“学生”与“鼓励”之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。9．be dealt 主语questions和动词词组deal with之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10．be told 句意：此人到庙里拜见高僧寻求指点，期望被告知如何过更简朴的生活。expect to do sth.意为“期望做某事”，因为he和tell之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。
自主训练
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct)．”(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
2．The artist was sure he would ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
3．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.(2018·北京卷)
答案：1.is constructed 2.be chosen 3.had been trapped
4．During a visit to Boston in 1733, Franklin ________ (impress) with the city's fire prevention methods.
5．At university, you will ________ (teach) by lecturers and professors who are leading figures in their study.
6．Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
7．Shuai jiao ________ (consider) by some experts as the origin of modern throwing sports such as judo.
答案：4.was impressed 5.be taught 6.be made 7.is considered
8．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________ (reflect) my interest.(2016·浙江卷)
9．More efforts, as reported, ________ (make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply side structural reform.(2016·江苏卷)
10．Two years ago, while Cathy ________ (watch)the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer.(2016·天津卷)
答案： 8．reflected 9.will be made 10.was watching
语法填空In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs, ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows, 1.________ (receive) both commercial success and public attention.Their popularity is 2.________ (main) based on simple facts.First, they care 3.________ social concerns.Second, without exception, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.Despite apparent highlights, much room 4.________ (leave) for improvement.Above all, commercial interests often outweigh 5.________ (education) purposes, causing many complaints about the unbearable advertisements.In addition, some sharp remarks, 6.________ they are eye catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.In 7.________ (I) opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 8.________ (entertain) the public. 9.________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the 10.________ (medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.
答案及解析：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了近年来各种电视节目大受欢迎，作者就才艺展示、相亲节目等电视节目的缺点和发展方向，阐明了自己的观点。1．have received 由段首的“In recent years”可知，应该用现在完成时态，且主语“Those programs”为复数形式，故填have received。2．mainly 此处修饰动词短语based on，所以用副词形式，故填mainly。3．about 根据句意，这里表示他们关心社会问题，care about “关心，在乎”是固定短语，故填about。4．is left room与leave之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态；且本文的主体时态为一般现在时，故此处应该用一般现在时；又因主语“room”是不可数名词，所以应用动词的第三人称单数形式，故填is left。5．educational 此处修饰名词“purposes”，所以用形容词形式，故填educational。6．though/although “吸引眼球”与“会对青少年产生误导”之间是转折关系，故填though/although。7．my in one's opinion“在某人看来”是固定短语，故填my。8．entertaining 所填词位于介词“of” 之后，所以填该动词的动名词形式，故填entertaining。9．As 分析句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，放在句首，表达“正如……”，只有as有这种用法。注意单词放在句首，首字母需大写，故填As。10．media 这里的“媒体”，不是指某一种形式，也不是某一家，而是一个泛指概念，指所有的媒体，所以用复数形式。特别注意medium的复数形式为不规则变化，故填media。