《动词不定式》教学设计
一、 处理内容简析。 今天上课的内容是《动词不定式》。这是我初三复习专题非谓语动词的一部分。这两部分的知识在中考中比分不大,学生掌握也并不太难。 给学生说清《动词不定式》的语法道理比较简单,难得是分清用法,练习不错就不容易了。为了让学生真正搞懂弄通,本人从三个方面下手。 (一)、 设计相关情境,就以即将来临的中考为话题,穿插中学生的梦想,把整节课串成了一条线。让整节课有了内容,让语法不再枯燥。 (二)、根据每一项内容设计一个个与学生生活相关的句子和话题,让学生有话可说,并知道怎么说。(三)、 语法概念入手,浏览历年中考试题。 四、回家作业,运用不定式写作有关中考准备的内容。
二、 预期效果。 由于学生层次不齐,基础知识和接受能力的差异,所以做到使每个学生都在短短的一节课上通过复习,巩固使用是不现实的。因此为了弥补这一缺陷,我刻意设计了专题训练题目,让学生回家去做,估计作用要大一些。在下一堂课上作检查,发现问题,逐一指导。
三、教学过程。
(一)、教学目标:
1、知识目标:了解不定式的定义,掌握不定式的用法。不定式在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
2、能力目标:要求学生掌握不定式的用法,会用不定式表达自己的观点。
3、情感目标:在中考来临之际,勇敢地面对挑战,不惧困难,取得成功。
(二)、教学重点及难点:掌握不定式的用法,联系实际会用不定式与他人交流。
(三)、教学方法: 合作学习,探究学习。
(四)、教具: 多媒体教学。
(五)、教学内容:
1、导入:
用图片导入中考的话题,然后引入不定式的用法及不定式的结构。把全班分成两个小组,对他们这堂课的表现进行评价。
2、谈论不定式的各种用法:
(1)、 不定式作主语。
To learn English well is not easy . 动词不定式作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末:
It+be+形容词+(for sb.)+动词不定式。
It’s important (for us) to make a plan for our study.
It’s easy to make mistakes when we study.
It’s necessary to solve the problems in our study.
在这个句型中,如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切,并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等,由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。
It’s very kind of you to help me.
(2)、 动词不定式作宾语
Everyone has a dream.
Someone wants to be a doctor.
Someone likes singing pop songs, She dreams to be a singer.
We hope to succeed.
Don’t forget to be careful in the study.
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有: agree , ask, choose, decide, forget, happen, hope, learn, would like, love, offer, remember, start, try, want, wish, prefer, expect等。
若作宾语的动词不定式(短语)很长,可用it作形式宾语。
He found it hard to catch up with others.
I find it interesting to learn English with you.
另外,不定式和疑问词who, what, when, where, which, how构成不定式短语作宾语。
I don’t know how to use a computer.
He didn’t know where to go.
(3)、 动词不定式作宾语补足语
后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: ask, help, invite, would like, need, order, teach, want, 等。注:动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not.。
I asked him to hand in his homework on time.
Please tell her not to be late again.
有些动词后面需要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词如let , make, see ,hear, feel , watch, notice。
Listening to music makes you relax.
I see you study hard every day.
It made everyone feel tired.
注意:这些动词变为被动语态时,须加to。如:
I made him read English every day.
He was made to read English every day.
They saw the boy go into the room.
The boy was seen to go into the room.
(4)、 动词不定式作定语。不定式作定语时,必须放在被它修饰的名词或代词后面。
I have many things to do.
We all have a chance to go to college.
He has a lot of homework to do.
She is the first girl to pass the running test in our class.
There is nothing to worry about.
(5)、不定式作状语。
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后,表目的。
They got up early to catch the early bus.
有时可以把不定式(短语)提前,放于句首,表示强调目的。例:
To learn English well, he went to England.
作目的状语,常与in order to 或 so as to 连用,否定式是in order not to 或 so as not to
We study hard in order to get more knowledge.
做结果状语,常与too…to, enough…to, 或者so…as to…连用。
He is too lazy to get up early.
He got up late so as to miss the bus
6、 动词不定式作表语。
动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语,限用于连系动词之后。
To see is to believe.
My job is to teach English.
3、练习巩固。
4、朗读一首诗《NEVER GIVE UP》
5、家庭作业:Writing: How are you getting ready for your Senior Middle School Entrance Exam (中考) . Try to use the infinitives.