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黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈113中2020-2021学年八年级下学期英语开学测试
一、单项选择 (本题共20分，每小题1分）
1．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）In the following words, which underlined letters have a different sound from the others
A．breathe B．throat C．three
【答案】A
【知识点】语音
【解析】【分析】句意：划线部分的字母，哪个与其它的不同。A：breathe/ bri /；B：throat/ θr t /；C：three/ θri /，选项A的划线部分为/ /，与其他发音不同。故选A。
【点评】考出语音辨析。注意区别辅音字母组合th的发音规律。
2．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound
A．pollute trust B．wood cook C．mistake cabbage
【答案】B
【知识点】语音；辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪对带下划线的单词发音相同 A： pollute/ p lu t / trust/ tr st/；B：wood/ w d/ cook/k k/；C：mistake/m ste k/ cabbage/ k b d /，选项A划线字母u的发音分别为/u /和/ /，选项B的划线字母oo的发音都为/ /，选项C的划线字母的发音分别为/e /和/ /。故选B。
【点评】考查语音辨析。注意熟记字母和字母组合的语音规则。
3．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Which word of the following doesn't have the same stress as the others
A．Prepare B．Temperature. C．Available
【答案】B
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：下面哪个词的重音不一样。A：Prepare/pr pe /；B：Temperature/ tempr t /；C：Available/ ve l bl/，选项A的单词重音是第二个音节，选项B的单词重音是第一个音节，选项C的单词重读是第二个音节。故选B。
【点评】考查语音语调。注意掌握一个单词的重读音。
4．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—______ do you play sports at home during the winter holidays
—Once a week.
A．How long B．How often C．How many times
【答案】B
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】大意：——寒假期间，你在家多久一次运动？——一周一次。A：How long询问长度“多长”和时间“多长”；B：How often多久一次，询问动作发生频率；C：How many times多少次，询问次数。根据回答Once a week.一周一次，可知是对动作发生频率进行提问，用How often。故选B。
【点评】考查疑问词。注意How long和How often的区别。
5．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Don't sleep for______ eight hours. As a young boy, you need enough sleep at night.
A．more than B．at least C．less than
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：睡眠不要超过8小时，作为一个小男孩，你晚上需要足够的睡眠。A：more than多于；B：at least至少；C：less than少于。根据 As a young boy, you need enough sleep at night. 作为一个年轻男孩，晚上要有充足睡眠，可推测不能少于八小时，故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，根据语境选词义。
6．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）— The cinemas in Harbin are open now. Let's go to the movies.
— Really The news really _______ everyone.
A．clean up B．call up C．cheer up
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——在哈尔滨的电影院现在开放了，让我们去看电影。——真的吗？这个消息真的让每个人都振奋起来。A：clean up清理；B：call up召集；C：cheer up振作起来。根据The cinemas in Harbin are open now.在哈尔滨的电影院现在开放了。由此可推断，这使大家高兴起来，符合语境，用cheer up。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，根据语境选词义。
7．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—How many books are there in your schoolbag
—_______. There's only some delicious food in it.
A．None B．Nothing C．No one
【答案】A
【知识点】代词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你的书包里有多少本书？——一本也没有，仅仅有一些美味的食物在里面。A：None没有一点儿，全无；B：Nothing没有什么；C：No one没有一个人。none一般用来回答how many+名词，nothing一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句，no one一般用来回答who及含anyone,anybody引起的疑问句。根据How many books...？和There's only some delicious food in it.可知，用none。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意区别代词的不同含义。
8．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—I think you can learn ______ and have fun in the new term.
—Thank you for saying so.
A．new something B．something new C．anything new
【答案】B
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：—— 我觉得你可以学点新东西，在新学期里玩得开心。——谢谢你这样说。不定代词修饰形容词时，形容词要放后面，故排除A，又因something，用于肯定句和希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句，anything，用于一般疑问句。根据句子 I think you can learn...and have fun in the new term.是肯定句，用something。故选B。
【点评】考查不定代词的用法。注意不定代词修饰形容词时，形容词要后置。
9．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—I believe you will go into a good high school ________ you work hard from now on.
—Thanks. I will try my best, mom.
A．as long as B．as well as C．as soon as
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——从今往后只要你努力学习，我相信你将进入一所好的高中。——谢谢妈妈，我将尽我最大努力。 A：as long as只要，B：as well as以及，C：as soon as一...就。根据空格前后句意，后句是只要努力学习，前句是将进入好的大学，后句是前句的条件，用as long as。故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，并根据语境选择正确的短语。
10．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Parents usually play an important role _______ their children in the life.
A．in helping B．to help C．helped
【答案】A
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：父母通常在帮助孩子的生活中扮演着重要的角色。根据固定搭配：play an important role in doing sth，在做......中充当重要角色。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意熟记固定搭配的用法。
11．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）We all hope ____ to our party tomorrow evening.
A．him to come B．him coming C．he can come
【答案】C
【知识点】宾格的人称代词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都希望他明天晚上来参加我们的派对。hope to do sth，希望做某事，固定搭配，没有hope sb to do，因此hope后面是一个宾语从句，省略that，从句的主语用主格he，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记hope to do sth的用法。
12．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—The math homework was ______ easy ____ we finished it in a short time.
—How great you are!
A．so , that B．such , that C．too , to
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——这数学作业如此容易以至于我们在短时间内完成。——你多么棒啊！选项A. so+形容词或副词that，表示如此以......至于......；选项B. such+a/an+可数名词单数或不可数名词that，如此……以至于；选项C. too +形容西或副词to，表示太......而不能。根据题目第一空格后是形容词easy，并结合句意可知，如此容易以至于很快做完，用so...that。故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意区别so+形容词或副词that，such+a/an+可数名词单数或不可数名词that和too +形容西或副词to表示太......而不能的用法。
13．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—Can you tell me why _____ these resolutions
—Sure, because I want to make a change for the new year.
A．you making B．do you make C．you make
【答案】C
【知识点】时态统一；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：——你可以告诉我你为什么下这些决心？——当然可以，因为我想在新年做出改变。分析句子结构可知， why...these resolutions 是一个宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B，making是动名不能充当从句的谓语动词，排除A，选项C，you make主谓结构，是陈述语序。故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意宾语从句的时态和语序。
14．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—_____ snacks you eat, ______ you will be.
—That's right. I'll stop eating fried food.
A．The less, the more healthily
B．The fewer, the healthier
C．The less, the healthier
【答案】B
【知识点】表示越…就越…
【解析】【分析】句意：——你吃零食越少，你越健康。——没错，我将停止吃油炸食品。less比较少，修饰不可数名词，fewer比较少，修饰可数名词复数，根据空格后sacks，是可数名词复数，用fewer；第二空格分句谓语动词be+形容词，用形容词healthy的比较级。句式结构the+比较级，the+比较级，表示越……，越……，用the fewer，the healthier。故选B。
【点评】考查比较级句式。注意比较级句式中less和few的用法，be动词+形容词。
15．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）People ____ in cities dream to have a comfortable and peaceful life in the countryside.
A．live B．lived C．living
【答案】C
【知识点】动词原形；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯
【解析】【分析】句意：住在城市的人们梦想着在乡村有一种舒服而安宁的生活。分析句子结构可知，dream才是句子的谓语动词。people living in=people who are living in省略了who are。living现在分词作后置定语，修饰people，是非谓语，译为“住在城市的人们”。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词的用法。注意掌握非谓语动词的用法。
16．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—Gina, you won't learn English well ____ you practice it often.
—Yeah, I'll do my best.
A．if B．unless C．though
【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——Gina，如果你不经常练习英语，你将不会学好英语。A：if如果，是否；B：unless如果不，除非；C：though虽然，尽管。结合语境可知，用unless，如果不练习，就会学不好。故选B。
【点评】考查条件状语从句。注意熟记条件状语从句引导词的词义，结合语境选词义。
17．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—It's wrong of you to _____ others' things without being allowed.
—Sorry, I won't do that.
A．look at B．look through C．look for
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——没有被允许，就看其他人的东西是错误的。——对不起，我不会那样做。A： ook at看着；B：look through浏览，看，强调看的动作；C：look for寻找。结合语境，看别人东西，强调的是动作。故选B。
【点评】考查近义短语辨析。注意熟记各个近义短语的区别，根据语境选短语。
18．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—When we face difficulties in our study, should we _____ or give up
—I think most of the students will choose to go on.
A．compare B．communicate C．continue
【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们在学习中面对困难时，我们应该继续还是放弃？我想大部分学生选择继续。A：compare比较；B：communicate交流；C：continue继续。根据下句I think most of the students will choose to go on.大部分学生选择继续，可知，上文是说继续 continue或者give up放弃。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意熟记动词词义，并根据语境选择正确动词词义。
19．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Chinese people are famous for having good manners all over the world. According to Chinese tradition, _______is accepted in China in different situations.
①knocking before entering the room
②giving clocks to our friends as birthday gifts
③saying others' mistakes out loud to let them lose their faces
④greeting(打招呼) others by shaking hands when attending（参加）meetings
⑤holding our cups with two hands while others are filling them with tea
A．①③⑤ B．②④⑤ C．①④⑤
【答案】C
【知识点】社会文化类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】句意：中国人以礼貌著称于世，根据中国传统，在下列不同情况下哪些在中国是可以接受的。①knocking before entering the room在进入房间之前先敲门 ②giving clocks to our friends as birthday gifts把钟送给朋友作为生日礼物 ③saying others' mistakes out loud to let them lose their faces大声说出别人的错误，让他们丢脸 ④greeting(打招呼) others by shaking hands when attending（参加）meetings参见会议，通过握手打招呼⑤holding our cups with two hands while others are filling them with tea用两只手拿着杯子，其他人在倒茶。在中国可以接受的礼仪有①④⑤，故选C。
【点评】考查中国传统文化。注意熟悉中国在不同情境有不同礼节。
20．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Frank,a Grade 8 student, plans to go mountain climbing with his parents and his66-year-old grandparent. According to the price list, they need to pay _____ yuan for the tickets.
The Price of the Tickets
Adult (aged 65 and above) Adult (aged under 65) Child (aged 6-17) Child (aged under 6)
￥ 30 ￥40 ￥ 20 Free
A．130 B．160 C．140
【答案】A
【知识点】数学运算
【解析】【分析】句意：Frank，一个八年级学生，打算和他父母，66岁的奶奶去爬山，根据这个价格表，他们需要付多少钱的票。根据票的价格，成人Adult(aged 65 and above)65和65岁以上，价钱30元，成人Adult(aged under 65)，价钱40元，小孩Child(aged 6-17)，价钱20元，小孩Child(aged under 6)，价钱免费。根据题意Frank，八年级学生6到17岁，票价20元，他的父母两人，六十五岁以下，票价40元，共80元，他的66岁的奶奶，票价30元，总共130元。故选A。
【点评】考查数字运算。注意数字运算时，要看清楚要求和条件。
二、完形填空（本题共10分，每小题1分)
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）完形填空
Everyone expects to succeed in life. Even 21． a teenager, you can get success in your life. Here are some important 22． that may be helpful.
Do well in school. No matter how 23． it is now, education will help you become a creative(有创造性的) member in society(社会）. Try your best to be excellent in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, 24． get good grades. Doing these things will help you get into a better high school.
Do good in your neighborhood. Helping others can not only improve your community's status(社区地位), but also make you feel happier. Find some work that you are interested in. 25． , plant trees or pick up the garbage in the neighborhood. When you help others, it 26． you feel better about yourself.
Be nice to your parents and teachers. Show respect (尊敬) for them and their ideas, even though they make you unhappy 27． . Remember, they are always there to help you. Don't forget that they do the things 28． they care about you. You are not able 29． your teachers or your family, but you should get on well with them. They are teaching you how to be a good person.
In a word, to have a successful teenager life isn't really hard. Take action right now, and you will enjoy 30． that a teenage life brings to you.
21．A．for B．as C．to
22．A．points B．problems C．questions
23．A．interesting B．bored C．boring
24．A．and B．or C．but
25．A．Such as B．For
example C．And so on
26．A．will
make B．would make C．made
27．A．in time B．on
time C．at times
28．A．so B．because C．why
29．A．choose B．choosing C．to choose
30．A．successful B．the success C．the
succeed
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．C；29．C；30．B
【知识点】人生百味类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要讲述如何获取青少年生活带来的成功。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：甚至作为一个青少年，你都可以在你的生活中取得成功。A：for为了；B：as作为；C：to对于，根据空格后a teenager可知，用as符合语境，作为青少年。故选B。
22．句意：这里有一些可能有用的重要的要点。A：points要点，点；B：problems问题；C：questions答案。根据下文的提示，Do well in school. Do good in your neighborhood. Be nice to your parents and teachers. 应该是获取成功的要点，用points。故选A。
23．句意：无论教育怎样无聊，它将会帮助你成为社会有用的人。A：interesting有趣的，修饰物；B：bored无聊的，修饰人；C：boring无聊的，修饰物，根据空格的句子主语是it，指代物，排除B，it代替的是education教育，教育对于青少年来说，是无聊的boring。故选C。
24．句意：在学校努力变得优秀，听老师的，做你的作业，学习，并且取得好分数。A：and和，并且，表示并列关系；B：or或者，否则，表示选择；C：but但是，表示转折。根据空格前study与空格后get good grades的动作是一种并列关系，用and。故选A。
25．句意：找一些你感兴趣的工作，比如在社区种树，捡垃圾。A：Such as例如，后直接加所举例的人或物；B：For example例如，后接逗号，再接所列举的人或物；C：And so on等等。根据空格前后，是一种举例关系，且后面有逗号，用for example。故选B。
26．句意：当你帮助其他人，这将会使你自己感觉比较好。A：will make将使，一般将来时；B：would make会使，过去将来时；C：made使，一般过去时。根据语境当你帮助别人的动作还没有发生，用一般将来时will make。故选A。
27．句意：即使有时候他们让你不开心，展示你对他们和他们的主意尊重。A：in time及时；B：on time按时；C：at times有时。根据语境，有时你不开心，也要表示对父母和老师尊重。故选C。
28．句意：别忘了他们为什么关心你。A：so因此，所以，表示结果；B：because因为，表示原因；C：why为什么，问原因。根据固定搭配that why...那为什么....的原因。故选C。
29．句意：你不能选择你的老师或你的家庭，但是你应该和他们融洽相处。根据固定搭配be able to do sth 能做某事，用动词不定式to do。故选C。
30．句意：现在马上行动，你会享受青少年生活带给你的成功。A：successful成功的，形容词；B：the success成功，名词；C：the succeed成功，动词。根据空格前enjoy动词，后接名词作宾语，用名词形式success。故选B。
三、阅读理解（本题共20分，每小题1分）
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案
I'm a 12-year-old boy. I
like traveling very much, so I want to be a guide in the future. I hope I can
visit the moon some day! Wu Dong, Guangdong
I'm 15. Now I'm studying in London. My favorite subject is science. I have science classes every Tuesday and Wednesday. I hope I can invent a machine that can help people understand different languages in the future. Li Ming, Hunan
I'm 16. Before the earthquake(地震) on May 12, 2008, I wanted
to be a reporter. But now I want to be a doctor in the future. I'd like to
help all the sick people. Wang Hao, Sichuan
I'm a 14-year-old girl in
Tibet. The Qinghai-Tibet Rail has been built. I am able to go to Beijing by
train now. My dream is to take the train to Beijing with my family. Joma, Tibet
I'm 15 years old. I like
reading books. I want to invent a machine that can send things or people from
one place to another place far away in a minute. Wei Hua, Beijing
31．Who wants to visit the moon some day
A．Wu Dong B．Li Ming C．Wang Hao
32．How often does Li Ming have science classes
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week.
33．Before the earthquake in 2008, Wang Hao wanted to be a________.
A．guide B．teacher C．reporter
34．Joma dreams of going to Beijing________.
①by train ②by plane ③ with her family ④with her friends
A．①③ B．②③ C．①④
35．How many students want to invent a machine
A．One B．Two C．Three
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．C
34．A
35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了五个学生的年龄和梦想。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。注意本题阅读理解题涉及的都是细节理解题，从题目的关键信息，找出原文的信息，理解信息的细节，帅选答案。
31．细节理解题。根据 I hope I can visit the moon some day! 这里的I 是指Wu Dong。故答案选A。
32．细节理解题。根据 I have science classes every Tuesday and Wednesday. 这里的I是指Li Ming，他每周三和周四上一次科学课，即是一周两次 twice a week。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据Before the earthquake(地震) on May 12, 2008, I wanted to be a reporter. 这里的I指的是Wang Hao，可知，他想成为记者reporter。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据My dream is to take the train to Beijing with my family.这里my dream指的是 Joma 的梦想，和家人乘着火车去北京，选 ① 和 ③ 。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据 I hope I can invent a machine that can help people understand different languages in the future. 和 I want to invent a machine that can send things or people from one place to another place far away in a minute. 可知，是两个人想发明机器人。故选B。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根搌短文内容判断正误。
Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. He often taught his students in special ways. Once he sent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. The first student went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the last in autumn.
After the four students came
back, the teacher called them together. They pictured (描述) their feelings to the teacher. The first
student said that there were no leaves on the trees. It made him very
disappointed. The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It
made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed, "What are you talking
about How pretty the trees were! The sweet smell of the beautiful flowers
spread (传播)here and there." The last one shook his
head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.
The teacher smiled and told his
students none of them were wrong. They each just saw one season. He continued, "The
trees are not the same in different seasons. You can't judge (判断)a tree by only one season. Don' t let the
regret（遗憾）of one season destroy(破坏) the beauty of the rest."
Everything has different sides
in our life. Don't hurry to make a conclusion(结论)before seeing the whole of it.
36．Four students were sent to see apples in
different seasons.
37．The first student left for the small farm
in winter.
38．The last student saw the beautiful trees
with many apples.
39．The teacher thought his four students were
completely（完全的）wrong.
40．The passage mainly tells us that we should
judge things by only one side.
【答案】36．正确
37．正确
38．正确
39．正确
40．错误
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：主要讲述一个老师派四个学生去看不同季节的苹果树，学生在不同的季节看到不同的事物，告诉我们在看到事物整体之前，不要急着下结论，每样东西都有两面性，不要片面看问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题，注意细节题注意理解文章的相关信息的细节，主旨大意题，注意也可以在篇首或篇末找到答案。
36．细节理解题。根据 Once he sent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. 可知，是一共四个学生在不同的季节去看苹果树。故答案正确。
37．细节理解题。根据The first student went in winter...，可知第一个学生是冬天去。故答案正确。
38．细节理解题。根据The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.可知，最后一个学生看到苹果树上有很多苹果。故答案正确。
39．细节理解题。根据The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong.可知，四个学生都错了。故答案正确。
40．主旨大意题。根据 Everything has different sides in our life. Don't hurry to make a conclusion(结论)before seeing the whole of it.可知，文章主要告诉我们不要片面看问题，但题目是说应该片面看问题。故答案是错误。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
If you go into the forest with friends,
stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost. If you get lost, these are what
you should do.
Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try
to find your friends—let them find you. You can help them to find you. You can
shout or whistle(口哨)three times. Stop. Then
shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a
call for help. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just
making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard you. They
will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is
an answer to a call for help.
If you don't think that you will get help
before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.
Don't eat anything, and drink only moving
water when necessary(必要). When you need some
water, you have to leave your little house to look for a river. Don't just walk
away. Pick up small branches and drop them as you walk to find the way back. If
you have a pen and paper, leave notes along the way.
If you are careful and know what you are
doing, you can also build a fire(火). Maybe
someone will see the smoke and question why there is a fire this time of the
year and come to find you.
The most important one is that you must be
calm when you get lost in the forest and try to enjoy being lost for a while.
41．The underlined word "signal" in the passage means " "in Chinese.
A．标志 B．信号 C．导火线
42．If you get lost, and stay where you are.
A．sit down B．shout all the time C．look for friends
43．We know that .
A．you should try to find your friends before they find you
B．small branches can't help you to find the way back
C．shouting or whistling three times is a call for help
44．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Stay in one place and give signals if you get lost in the forest.
B．Make a house with branches if you think you'll get help before night comes.
C．Build a fire so that your friends may find you by seeing its smoke.
45．What's the best title for this passage
A．What to do when we get lost in the forest
B．What to do when we need help
C．How to travel in the forest
【答案】41．B
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．A
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了在森林里迷路了，你应该坐下呆在原地，晚上到来前没有得到帮助，用树枝做一个房子，当必要时，不要吃任何东西，仅仅喝流动的水，你也可以生火，让别人只知道你在做什么。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题、主旨题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，词义猜测题要根据所猜词义上下文词义猜测其词义。
41．词义猜测题。根据You can shout or whistle(口哨)three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.你可以大喊或吹口哨三次，在喊或吹口哨三次，可推测知，这些都是求救的信号。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据If you get lost, these are what you should do.Sit down and stay where you are.可知，如果你在森林里迷路，坐下，并呆在原地。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.可知，大喊或吹口哨三次的信号，是求助信号。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段可知如果在森林迷路，呆在一个地方并且给出求助信号，选项A正确；根据第三段If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝).可知，如果你想在晚上到来前得不到帮助，用树枝做一个房子，与题目意思相反，选项B不正确；根据Maybe someone will see the smoke and question why there is a fire this time of the year and come to find you. 可知，生火，是以便于某人能看见你，选项C是正确的。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在森林里迷路了，应该做什么，选项A符合题意。故选A。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容，将方框内句子还原到文中空白处，使短文完整通顺(每个选项只用一次）。
There is a beautiful country in South America. It's in the shape of a heart. 46．
Carnival(狂欢节) is the most famous holiday in Brazil. It is not about a big moment in history or about a famous person. It is important to people because it's a time of happiness, freedom（自由）, and almost a whole week without work.
47． People in many countries celebrate Carnival but the celebration in Brazil is the most famous. During the festival, people wear colorful costumes, go out into the streets and dance with their friends, relatives or strangers.
48． During the holiday, people close shops and come out on the streets to celebrate life. There are many different Samba schools. They make a parade(游行)to show their music, art pieces and hand -made cars. People follow them all the way. 49． Each city has one or more schools like this.
I like Carnival, but I don't agree that the party should keep going on. 50． Unluckily, some people aren't friendly and give it a bad name, leaving a bad impression(印象) of his holiday, but it is the only national holiday that makes all different kinds of people stay together.
A. Every year the parade tells a different story. B. Carnival in Brazil is an important holiday. C. Carnival is one of the world's biggest celebrations. D. The country is Brazil. E. Like at every other popular party, people drive, dance and have fun.
【答案】46．D；47．C；48．B；49．A；50．E
【知识点】社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：主要讲述巴西的狂欢节，是如何庆祝。
A. Every year the parade tells a different story. 每年的游行都有不同的故事。
B. Carnival in Brazil is an important holiday.在巴西狂欢节是一个重要的节日。
C. Carnival is one of the world's biggest celebrations. 狂欢节是世界上最大的庆祝活动之一。
D. The country is Brazil.这个国家时巴西。
E. Like at every other popular party, people drive, dance and have fun. 就像其他受欢迎的派对一样，人们开车，跳舞，玩乐。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意通过阅读选项，找出跟其他选项完全不同意思的句子，联系上下句意，选答案。
46．根据上文There is a beautiful country in South America. It's in the shape of a heart.在南美，有一个漂亮的国家，它的形状像一个心脏，可知，这个国家是巴西。故选D。
47．根据空格后句People in many countries celebrate Carnival but the celebration in Brazil is the most famous.可知，它是世界性节日，结合选项，应说狂欢节是世界最大的庆祝活动之一。故选C。
48．根据空格后 During the holiday, people close shops and come out on the streets to celebrate life. There are many different Samba schools.可知，说的是如何庆祝，结合选项，应说狂欢节在巴西是一个重要的节日。故选B。
49．根据空格前They make a parade(游行)to show their music, art pieces and hand -made cars. People follow them all the way.讲的是学校的游行活动，结合选项，应是说每年的游行都有不同的故事。故选A。
50．根据空格后Unluckily, some people aren't friendly and give it a bad name, leaving a bad impression(印象) of his holiday可知，说的是狂欢节的影响，结合选项，应说就像其他受欢迎的派对一样，人们开车、跳舞、玩得很开心。故选E。
四、交际应用（本题共10分，每小题1分）
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）从A-G选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。（选项中有两项是多余的）
A. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. B. What else C. How many D. How much E. But you can put more if you like. F. Now you can eat it. G. How do you make a beef sandwich
A: I want to make beef sandwiches for dinner.
B: Good idea! 51．
A: First, put some vegetable leaves on a piece of bread.
B: How many leaves
A: Oh, two or three.
B: OK. 52．
A: Next, put a spoon of butter on the vegetable leaves.
B: What about the beef
A: Then put the beef on the vegetable leaves and butter.
B: Sounds good. 53．
A: Not too much, one small piece of beef is enough. 54．
B: OK. Is that all
A: Not quite. 55． A beef sandwich is ready.
B: Great! It must be delicious!
【答案】51．G；52．B；53．D；54．E；55．A
【知识点】日常生活类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】A. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. 最后，再放一片面包在上面。
B. What else 接下来呢？
C. How many 多少？
D. How much 多少？
E. But you can put more if you like. 但如果你愿意，可以多放点。
F. Now you can eat it.现在你可以吃它。
G. How do you make a beef sandwich 如何制作牛肉三明治。
【点评】补全对话考查日常交际用语的应用，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
51．根据上文 I want to make beef sandwiches for dinner.我想做牛肉三明治做晚餐和下文 First, put some vegetable leaves on a piece of bread.首先放一些蔬菜叶在一块面包上。可知是如何做牛肉三明治。故选G。
52．根据前面提到完成了步骤一，而后句 Next，put...下一步，放……可知，此空在问：接下来呢？What else 故选B。
53．根据空格后Not too much, one small piece of beef is enough. 不用太多，一小片牛肉就足够了，可知，此空问用量多少，beef是不可数名词，排除C。故选D。
54．根据下文 Is that all 算完成了吗？Not quite.不完全是/还没。可知，此空排除A和F。故选E。
55．根据前文都还提到最后一步，和后文A beef sandwich is ready.牛肉三明治做好了，可知，此空是最后一步。故选A。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。
Kate: Hello,68740928.
Fred: Hello. May I 56． to Alice, please
Kate : 57． on for a moment, please.
Alice: Hello!
Fred: Hi, Alice, 58． is Fred. Would you like to go to my uncle's farm tomorrow
Alice: Thanks. I'd like to. I haven't been there for a long time. By the way, 59． the weather like tomorrow
Fred: The radio says it will be a fine day tomorrow. The temperature will be 20 to 25.
Alice: Great. When and where shall we meet
Fred: At 6:30 and I'll 60． for you at the No. 207 bus stop. See you tomorrow. Goodbye!
Alice: See you. Bye.
【答案】56．speak；57．hold；58．this；59．What；60．wait
【知识点】日常生活类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】大意：对话主要讲述 Alice 和 Fred 之间打电话。
【点评】考查补全对话。注意电话用语间的固定搭配。
56．句意：请叫Alice接电话。固定搭配：speak to sb 找某人接电话。故填speak。
57．句意：请稍等。固定搭配：hold on 请稍等。故填hold。
58．句意：Alice你好，我是Fred。this is sb为接电话时的英语自我介绍，我是某某。故答案为this。
59．句意：天气怎么样？固定搭配：What's the weather like 天气怎么样？故填What。
60．句意：我呆会在207路公交车站等你。固定搭配：wait for等待，用动词wait，空前有will+动词原形。故填wait。
五、任务型阅读(本题共20分，每空1分)
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空一词，每个词限用一次)
late, successful, use, lucky, give up, kind, break, train
When I was 17 years old, I 61． my father's heart. He saved enough money to send me to college to become a lawyer( 律 师). Three months 62． , I told him I left college and for the first time I saw him cry. "Son, I'm always going to love you even though you'll never do anything well," he said. I felt something in my body. I did not want to 63． . But I couldn't see how to do it and all the time my father's words were in my mind.
After a few years, I became a salesperson. It was not easy because I knew almost nothing about marketing(销售). Then a man introduced(介绍)me to a 64． course(课程) taught by Mr. Edwards. I went and learned a lot of 65． skills. I tried my best to put them to work. Soon after that, I started tasting the sweet fruits of 66． for the first time.
Some time later, I told the boss(老板)of my company(公司) my story and that I would like to meet with Mr. Edwards. With great 67． , he arranged(安排)it for me. When the day came, I told him, "Mr. Edwards, my goal is to be able to train people just as you trained me." 68． , he agreed to let me try.
【答案】61．broke；62．later；63．give up；64．training；65．useful；66．success；67．kindness；68．Luckily
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】选项意思： late后来，迟的, successful成功的, use使用, lucky幸运的, give up放弃, kind友善的, break打破，摔碎, train火车，培训
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后在逐一作答，注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
61．句意：当我17岁时，我伤了我父亲的心。结合空格后my father's heart. 可推知，是伤了我爸爸的心，用break，又因句子是一般过去式，break的过去式是broke。故填broke。
62．句意：三个月后，我告诉他我离开大学，并且第一次看见他哭。根据空格前Three months，可推知，是三个月后，用late的副词形式later。故填later。
63．句意：我不想放弃。根据下文 But I couldn't see how to do it and all the time my father's words were in my mind. 我不明白怎么做，并且父亲的话一直在心理，说明我不想放弃，用give up，因空格前是want to+动词原形。故填give up。
64．句意：然后一个男人介绍我去培训班。固定搭配：training course 培训班。故填training。
65．句意：我去并学习很多有用的技巧。空格后有名词skills，需要用形容词修饰，把动词use变形容词useful。故答案useful。
66．句意：我第一次尝到了甜美的果实。根据the sweet fruits of 后接名词，表示……的甜美果实，此处应是成功的甜美果实，把形容词successful变名词success。故填success。
67．句意：当那一天来临的时候，他非常好心地为我安排了这一切。根据空格前With great 后接名词，结合语境，非常友好地为我安排了一切，用kind的名词形式kindness。故填kindness。
68．句意：幸运的是，他同意让我试一试。分析句子结构可知，缺副词做状语，结合句意，用lucky的副词形式luckily。故填Luckily。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）阅读短文，按照要求做题。
Dear Mary,
You argued with your mother last night. I know you are still angry, but please listen to me. Last week you always played computer games. You went to bed at 11:00 at night. You didn't have enough time to sleep, so you were very tired in class. And you failed the English test, so your mother was very angry. She asked you not to play computer games all day long. What did you do In a loud voice, you told her you were doing your homework on the computer. Then you slammed(用力关上)your door and refused to talk to her.
Maybe you don't realize you have hurt her. I think she is waiting for you to say orry. If you don't feel comfortable doing so, why don't you just say something like "Good morning" As long as you say something, your mom will feel better. Your mother works hard and also needs to take care of your little sister. She is so tired every day. I know you love her, and I hope you can get on well with her.
Your dad
69．根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。
①r to say that you will not do something that someone asks you to do
②c making sb. feel relaxed
70．完成同义句转换，每空一词。
You went to bed at 11:00 at night.
You go to bed 11:00 at night
71．Who wrote the letter to Mary
72．Why is Mary's mother so tired every day
73．How many people are there in Mary's family
【答案】69．refuse；comfortable
70．didn't；until
71．Mary's dad.
72．Because she works hard and also need to take care of Mary's little sister.
73．Four./4
【知识点】人生百味类；教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲的是母亲和孩子因为玩电脑影响成绩的事情吵架了，父亲给孩子写了一封信，让孩子向妈妈道歉。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意根据题目任务要求去找信息。
69．①根据释义：某人叫你去做，但是你不愿去做，用refuse。故填refuse。
②根据释义：使某人感到放松，就是舒服，用comfortable。故填comfortable。
70．句意：你没有睡觉，知道晚上十一点，用连词not...until。故填didn't，until。
71．根据署名是your dad，可知是Mary的爸爸给Mary写的信。故填Mary's dad。
72．根据our mother works hard and also needs to take care of your little sister. She is so tired every day. 可知，妈妈努力工作，还要照顾小妹妹，所以每天都如此累。故填Because she works hard and also need to take care of Mary's little sister.
73．玛丽家里一共有4口人，爸爸，妈妈，玛丽和妹妹，故填Four./4。
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
Charles Dickens was one of the founders (创 立) of the British literature (文学). He was born in 1828 and died in 1870.
As a child, Charles was small and weak(虚 弱 的). His father often borrowed money from others, and when he couldn't pay it back, he was put into prison(监狱)for some time, so little Dickens did not have much chance to go to school.
Charles Dickens began to make his own money by singing at the age of ten. Then he went to work in a factory. He was interested in writing and dreamed to be a writer, though his parents wanted him to be a lawyer(律师). In 1848, he was a reporter by day and a writer by night, writing about London life.
Charles Dickens--One of the Founders of the 74． Literature
The 75． when he was born In 1828
His health when he was a child He was small and 76． .
His 77． He wanted to be a writer.
At the age of 78． He was a reporter by day and a writer by night.
【答案】74．British；75．year；76．weak；77．dream；78．21
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述Dickens 的一生，他是一位英国的文学家，但是因为父亲无法及时换银行的钱而进了监狱，因此Dickens没有机会上学，更是在十岁就开始通过唱歌来谋生，但是，后来自己对写作有着强烈的爱好以及自身的经历让他成为了一位著名的作家。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意细节理解题根据题目要求，找信息，填所缺的细节信息。
74．细节理解题。根据Charles Dickens was one of the founders (创立) of the British literature (文学).Charles Dickens是英国文学创立人之一。故填British。
75．细节理解题。根据He was born in 1828.是他出生的一年。故填year。
76．细节理解题。根据As a child, Charles was small and weak(虚弱的).可知，当他是一个小孩的时候，他的健康状况是又小又虚弱。故填weak。
77．细节理解题。根据He was interested in writing and dreamed to be a writer.可知，他的梦想是想成为一名作家。故填dream。
78．细节理解题。根据In 1848, he was a reporter by day and a writer by night, writing about London life.可知，到1848年，他是21岁，白天是一个记者，晚上是一个作家写关于伦敦生活。故填21。
六、书面表达 （本题20分）
79．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）假如你是李莉，收到珍妮来信，得知她健康方面出现问题(体重增加)。请根据以下信息写回信，给她提出合理的减重建议，并祝她健康。
写作要点：
①你的身体状况（非常健康）
②介绍自己保持健康的方法
运动：一直跑步
饮食：吃健康食品
睡眠：从不熬夜
③针对她在寒假期间体重增加的问题，至少提出两条建议。
Dear Jenny,
Long time no see. It's a pity to hear your trouble about health.
I'm looking forward to your let …
Yours,
Li Li
【答案】略
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇材料作文。是一篇写信的应用文，用第二人称写，时态用一般现在时。先总写你的身体状况，在分写介绍你保持健康的方法有哪些，最后针对她体重增加的问题，提建议。注意要点一定要齐全，有条理，句子连贯通顺，恰当用上连词。
【点评】考查材料作文，写此类作文，注意要仔细认真阅读材料的要求和要点，如介绍保持健康的方法时，要包括运动，饮食，睡眠，写建议时，至少要两点。
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黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈113中2020-2021学年八年级下学期英语开学测试
一、单项选择 (本题共20分，每小题1分）
1．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）In the following words, which underlined letters have a different sound from the others
A．breathe B．throat C．three
2．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound
A．pollute trust B．wood cook C．mistake cabbage
3．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Which word of the following doesn't have the same stress as the others
A．Prepare B．Temperature. C．Available
4．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—______ do you play sports at home during the winter holidays
—Once a week.
A．How long B．How often C．How many times
5．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Don't sleep for______ eight hours. As a young boy, you need enough sleep at night.
A．more than B．at least C．less than
6．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）— The cinemas in Harbin are open now. Let's go to the movies.
— Really The news really _______ everyone.
A．clean up B．call up C．cheer up
7．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—How many books are there in your schoolbag
—_______. There's only some delicious food in it.
A．None B．Nothing C．No one
8．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—I think you can learn ______ and have fun in the new term.
—Thank you for saying so.
A．new something B．something new C．anything new
9．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—I believe you will go into a good high school ________ you work hard from now on.
—Thanks. I will try my best, mom.
A．as long as B．as well as C．as soon as
10．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Parents usually play an important role _______ their children in the life.
A．in helping B．to help C．helped
11．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）We all hope ____ to our party tomorrow evening.
A．him to come B．him coming C．he can come
12．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—The math homework was ______ easy ____ we finished it in a short time.
—How great you are!
A．so , that B．such , that C．too , to
13．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—Can you tell me why _____ these resolutions
—Sure, because I want to make a change for the new year.
A．you making B．do you make C．you make
14．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—_____ snacks you eat, ______ you will be.
—That's right. I'll stop eating fried food.
A．The less, the more healthily
B．The fewer, the healthier
C．The less, the healthier
15．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）People ____ in cities dream to have a comfortable and peaceful life in the countryside.
A．live B．lived C．living
16．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—Gina, you won't learn English well ____ you practice it often.
—Yeah, I'll do my best.
A．if B．unless C．though
17．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—It's wrong of you to _____ others' things without being allowed.
—Sorry, I won't do that.
A．look at B．look through C．look for
18．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）—When we face difficulties in our study, should we _____ or give up
—I think most of the students will choose to go on.
A．compare B．communicate C．continue
19．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Chinese people are famous for having good manners all over the world. According to Chinese tradition, _______is accepted in China in different situations.
①knocking before entering the room
②giving clocks to our friends as birthday gifts
③saying others' mistakes out loud to let them lose their faces
④greeting(打招呼) others by shaking hands when attending（参加）meetings
⑤holding our cups with two hands while others are filling them with tea
A．①③⑤ B．②④⑤ C．①④⑤
20．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）Frank,a Grade 8 student, plans to go mountain climbing with his parents and his66-year-old grandparent. According to the price list, they need to pay _____ yuan for the tickets.
The Price of the Tickets
Adult (aged 65 and above) Adult (aged under 65) Child (aged 6-17) Child (aged under 6)
￥ 30 ￥40 ￥ 20 Free
A．130 B．160 C．140
二、完形填空（本题共10分，每小题1分)
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）完形填空
Everyone expects to succeed in life. Even 21． a teenager, you can get success in your life. Here are some important 22． that may be helpful.
Do well in school. No matter how 23． it is now, education will help you become a creative(有创造性的) member in society(社会）. Try your best to be excellent in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, 24． get good grades. Doing these things will help you get into a better high school.
Do good in your neighborhood. Helping others can not only improve your community's status(社区地位), but also make you feel happier. Find some work that you are interested in. 25． , plant trees or pick up the garbage in the neighborhood. When you help others, it 26． you feel better about yourself.
Be nice to your parents and teachers. Show respect (尊敬) for them and their ideas, even though they make you unhappy 27． . Remember, they are always there to help you. Don't forget that they do the things 28． they care about you. You are not able 29． your teachers or your family, but you should get on well with them. They are teaching you how to be a good person.
In a word, to have a successful teenager life isn't really hard. Take action right now, and you will enjoy 30． that a teenage life brings to you.
21．A．for B．as C．to
22．A．points B．problems C．questions
23．A．interesting B．bored C．boring
24．A．and B．or C．but
25．A．Such as B．For
example C．And so on
26．A．will
make B．would make C．made
27．A．in time B．on
time C．at times
28．A．so B．because C．why
29．A．choose B．choosing C．to choose
30．A．successful B．the success C．the
succeed
三、阅读理解（本题共20分，每小题1分）
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案
I'm a 12-year-old boy. I
like traveling very much, so I want to be a guide in the future. I hope I can
visit the moon some day! Wu Dong, Guangdong
I'm 15. Now I'm studying in London. My favorite subject is science. I have science classes every Tuesday and Wednesday. I hope I can invent a machine that can help people understand different languages in the future. Li Ming, Hunan
I'm 16. Before the earthquake(地震) on May 12, 2008, I wanted
to be a reporter. But now I want to be a doctor in the future. I'd like to
help all the sick people. Wang Hao, Sichuan
I'm a 14-year-old girl in
Tibet. The Qinghai-Tibet Rail has been built. I am able to go to Beijing by
train now. My dream is to take the train to Beijing with my family. Joma, Tibet
I'm 15 years old. I like
reading books. I want to invent a machine that can send things or people from
one place to another place far away in a minute. Wei Hua, Beijing
31．Who wants to visit the moon some day
A．Wu Dong B．Li Ming C．Wang Hao
32．How often does Li Ming have science classes
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week.
33．Before the earthquake in 2008, Wang Hao wanted to be a________.
A．guide B．teacher C．reporter
34．Joma dreams of going to Beijing________.
①by train ②by plane ③ with her family ④with her friends
A．①③ B．②③ C．①④
35．How many students want to invent a machine
A．One B．Two C．Three
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根搌短文内容判断正误。
Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. He often taught his students in special ways. Once he sent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. The first student went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the last in autumn.
After the four students came
back, the teacher called them together. They pictured (描述) their feelings to the teacher. The first
student said that there were no leaves on the trees. It made him very
disappointed. The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It
made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed, "What are you talking
about How pretty the trees were! The sweet smell of the beautiful flowers
spread (传播)here and there." The last one shook his
head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.
The teacher smiled and told his
students none of them were wrong. They each just saw one season. He continued, "The
trees are not the same in different seasons. You can't judge (判断)a tree by only one season. Don' t let the
regret（遗憾）of one season destroy(破坏) the beauty of the rest."
Everything has different sides
in our life. Don't hurry to make a conclusion(结论)before seeing the whole of it.
36．Four students were sent to see apples in
different seasons.
37．The first student left for the small farm
in winter.
38．The last student saw the beautiful trees
with many apples.
39．The teacher thought his four students were
completely（完全的）wrong.
40．The passage mainly tells us that we should
judge things by only one side.
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
If you go into the forest with friends,
stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost. If you get lost, these are what
you should do.
Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try
to find your friends—let them find you. You can help them to find you. You can
shout or whistle(口哨)three times. Stop. Then
shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a
call for help. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just
making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard you. They
will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is
an answer to a call for help.
If you don't think that you will get help
before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.
Don't eat anything, and drink only moving
water when necessary(必要). When you need some
water, you have to leave your little house to look for a river. Don't just walk
away. Pick up small branches and drop them as you walk to find the way back. If
you have a pen and paper, leave notes along the way.
If you are careful and know what you are
doing, you can also build a fire(火). Maybe
someone will see the smoke and question why there is a fire this time of the
year and come to find you.
The most important one is that you must be
calm when you get lost in the forest and try to enjoy being lost for a while.
41．The underlined word "signal" in the passage means " "in Chinese.
A．标志 B．信号 C．导火线
42．If you get lost, and stay where you are.
A．sit down B．shout all the time C．look for friends
43．We know that .
A．you should try to find your friends before they find you
B．small branches can't help you to find the way back
C．shouting or whistling three times is a call for help
44．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Stay in one place and give signals if you get lost in the forest.
B．Make a house with branches if you think you'll get help before night comes.
C．Build a fire so that your friends may find you by seeing its smoke.
45．What's the best title for this passage
A．What to do when we get lost in the forest
B．What to do when we need help
C．How to travel in the forest
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容，将方框内句子还原到文中空白处，使短文完整通顺(每个选项只用一次）。
There is a beautiful country in South America. It's in the shape of a heart. 46．
Carnival(狂欢节) is the most famous holiday in Brazil. It is not about a big moment in history or about a famous person. It is important to people because it's a time of happiness, freedom（自由）, and almost a whole week without work.
47． People in many countries celebrate Carnival but the celebration in Brazil is the most famous. During the festival, people wear colorful costumes, go out into the streets and dance with their friends, relatives or strangers.
48． During the holiday, people close shops and come out on the streets to celebrate life. There are many different Samba schools. They make a parade(游行)to show their music, art pieces and hand -made cars. People follow them all the way. 49． Each city has one or more schools like this.
I like Carnival, but I don't agree that the party should keep going on. 50． Unluckily, some people aren't friendly and give it a bad name, leaving a bad impression(印象) of his holiday, but it is the only national holiday that makes all different kinds of people stay together.
A. Every year the parade tells a different story. B. Carnival in Brazil is an important holiday. C. Carnival is one of the world's biggest celebrations. D. The country is Brazil. E. Like at every other popular party, people drive, dance and have fun.
四、交际应用（本题共10分，每小题1分）
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）从A-G选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。（选项中有两项是多余的）
A. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. B. What else C. How many D. How much E. But you can put more if you like. F. Now you can eat it. G. How do you make a beef sandwich
A: I want to make beef sandwiches for dinner.
B: Good idea! 51．
A: First, put some vegetable leaves on a piece of bread.
B: How many leaves
A: Oh, two or three.
B: OK. 52．
A: Next, put a spoon of butter on the vegetable leaves.
B: What about the beef
A: Then put the beef on the vegetable leaves and butter.
B: Sounds good. 53．
A: Not too much, one small piece of beef is enough. 54．
B: OK. Is that all
A: Not quite. 55． A beef sandwich is ready.
B: Great! It must be delicious!
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。
Kate: Hello,68740928.
Fred: Hello. May I 56． to Alice, please
Kate : 57． on for a moment, please.
Alice: Hello!
Fred: Hi, Alice, 58． is Fred. Would you like to go to my uncle's farm tomorrow
Alice: Thanks. I'd like to. I haven't been there for a long time. By the way, 59． the weather like tomorrow
Fred: The radio says it will be a fine day tomorrow. The temperature will be 20 to 25.
Alice: Great. When and where shall we meet
Fred: At 6:30 and I'll 60． for you at the No. 207 bus stop. See you tomorrow. Goodbye!
Alice: See you. Bye.
五、任务型阅读(本题共20分，每空1分)
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空一词，每个词限用一次)
late, successful, use, lucky, give up, kind, break, train
When I was 17 years old, I 61． my father's heart. He saved enough money to send me to college to become a lawyer( 律 师). Three months 62． , I told him I left college and for the first time I saw him cry. "Son, I'm always going to love you even though you'll never do anything well," he said. I felt something in my body. I did not want to 63． . But I couldn't see how to do it and all the time my father's words were in my mind.
After a few years, I became a salesperson. It was not easy because I knew almost nothing about marketing(销售). Then a man introduced(介绍)me to a 64． course(课程) taught by Mr. Edwards. I went and learned a lot of 65． skills. I tried my best to put them to work. Soon after that, I started tasting the sweet fruits of 66． for the first time.
Some time later, I told the boss(老板)of my company(公司) my story and that I would like to meet with Mr. Edwards. With great 67． , he arranged(安排)it for me. When the day came, I told him, "Mr. Edwards, my goal is to be able to train people just as you trained me." 68． , he agreed to let me try.
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）阅读短文，按照要求做题。
Dear Mary,
You argued with your mother last night. I know you are still angry, but please listen to me. Last week you always played computer games. You went to bed at 11:00 at night. You didn't have enough time to sleep, so you were very tired in class. And you failed the English test, so your mother was very angry. She asked you not to play computer games all day long. What did you do In a loud voice, you told her you were doing your homework on the computer. Then you slammed(用力关上)your door and refused to talk to her.
Maybe you don't realize you have hurt her. I think she is waiting for you to say orry. If you don't feel comfortable doing so, why don't you just say something like "Good morning" As long as you say something, your mom will feel better. Your mother works hard and also needs to take care of your little sister. She is so tired every day. I know you love her, and I hope you can get on well with her.
Your dad
69．根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。
①r to say that you will not do something that someone asks you to do
②c making sb. feel relaxed
70．完成同义句转换，每空一词。
You went to bed at 11:00 at night.
You go to bed 11:00 at night
71．Who wrote the letter to Mary
72．Why is Mary's mother so tired every day
73．How many people are there in Mary's family
（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。
Charles Dickens was one of the founders (创 立) of the British literature (文学). He was born in 1828 and died in 1870.
As a child, Charles was small and weak(虚 弱 的). His father often borrowed money from others, and when he couldn't pay it back, he was put into prison(监狱)for some time, so little Dickens did not have much chance to go to school.
Charles Dickens began to make his own money by singing at the age of ten. Then he went to work in a factory. He was interested in writing and dreamed to be a writer, though his parents wanted him to be a lawyer(律师). In 1848, he was a reporter by day and a writer by night, writing about London life.
Charles Dickens--One of the Founders of the 74． Literature
The 75． when he was born In 1828
His health when he was a child He was small and 76． .
His 77． He wanted to be a writer.
At the age of 78． He was a reporter by day and a writer by night.
六、书面表达 （本题20分）
79．（2021八下·哈尔滨开学考）假如你是李莉，收到珍妮来信，得知她健康方面出现问题(体重增加)。请根据以下信息写回信，给她提出合理的减重建议，并祝她健康。
写作要点：
①你的身体状况（非常健康）
②介绍自己保持健康的方法
运动：一直跑步
饮食：吃健康食品
睡眠：从不熬夜
③针对她在寒假期间体重增加的问题，至少提出两条建议。
Dear Jenny,
Long time no see. It's a pity to hear your trouble about health.
I'm looking forward to your let …
Yours,
Li Li
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】语音
【解析】【分析】句意：划线部分的字母，哪个与其它的不同。A：breathe/ bri /；B：throat/ θr t /；C：three/ θri /，选项A的划线部分为/ /，与其他发音不同。故选A。
【点评】考出语音辨析。注意区别辅音字母组合th的发音规律。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】语音；辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪对带下划线的单词发音相同 A： pollute/ p lu t / trust/ tr st/；B：wood/ w d/ cook/k k/；C：mistake/m ste k/ cabbage/ k b d /，选项A划线字母u的发音分别为/u /和/ /，选项B的划线字母oo的发音都为/ /，选项C的划线字母的发音分别为/e /和/ /。故选B。
【点评】考查语音辨析。注意熟记字母和字母组合的语音规则。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：下面哪个词的重音不一样。A：Prepare/pr pe /；B：Temperature/ tempr t /；C：Available/ ve l bl/，选项A的单词重音是第二个音节，选项B的单词重音是第一个音节，选项C的单词重读是第二个音节。故选B。
【点评】考查语音语调。注意掌握一个单词的重读音。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】大意：——寒假期间，你在家多久一次运动？——一周一次。A：How long询问长度“多长”和时间“多长”；B：How often多久一次，询问动作发生频率；C：How many times多少次，询问次数。根据回答Once a week.一周一次，可知是对动作发生频率进行提问，用How often。故选B。
【点评】考查疑问词。注意How long和How often的区别。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：睡眠不要超过8小时，作为一个小男孩，你晚上需要足够的睡眠。A：more than多于；B：at least至少；C：less than少于。根据 As a young boy, you need enough sleep at night. 作为一个年轻男孩，晚上要有充足睡眠，可推测不能少于八小时，故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，根据语境选词义。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——在哈尔滨的电影院现在开放了，让我们去看电影。——真的吗？这个消息真的让每个人都振奋起来。A：clean up清理；B：call up召集；C：cheer up振作起来。根据The cinemas in Harbin are open now.在哈尔滨的电影院现在开放了。由此可推断，这使大家高兴起来，符合语境，用cheer up。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，根据语境选词义。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】代词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你的书包里有多少本书？——一本也没有，仅仅有一些美味的食物在里面。A：None没有一点儿，全无；B：Nothing没有什么；C：No one没有一个人。none一般用来回答how many+名词，nothing一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句，no one一般用来回答who及含anyone,anybody引起的疑问句。根据How many books...？和There's only some delicious food in it.可知，用none。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意区别代词的不同含义。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：—— 我觉得你可以学点新东西，在新学期里玩得开心。——谢谢你这样说。不定代词修饰形容词时，形容词要放后面，故排除A，又因something，用于肯定句和希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句，anything，用于一般疑问句。根据句子 I think you can learn...and have fun in the new term.是肯定句，用something。故选B。
【点评】考查不定代词的用法。注意不定代词修饰形容词时，形容词要后置。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——从今往后只要你努力学习，我相信你将进入一所好的高中。——谢谢妈妈，我将尽我最大努力。 A：as long as只要，B：as well as以及，C：as soon as一...就。根据空格前后句意，后句是只要努力学习，前句是将进入好的大学，后句是前句的条件，用as long as。故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定短语的词义，并根据语境选择正确的短语。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：父母通常在帮助孩子的生活中扮演着重要的角色。根据固定搭配：play an important role in doing sth，在做......中充当重要角色。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意熟记固定搭配的用法。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】宾格的人称代词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都希望他明天晚上来参加我们的派对。hope to do sth，希望做某事，固定搭配，没有hope sb to do，因此hope后面是一个宾语从句，省略that，从句的主语用主格he，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记hope to do sth的用法。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——这数学作业如此容易以至于我们在短时间内完成。——你多么棒啊！选项A. so+形容词或副词that，表示如此以......至于......；选项B. such+a/an+可数名词单数或不可数名词that，如此……以至于；选项C. too +形容西或副词to，表示太......而不能。根据题目第一空格后是形容词easy，并结合句意可知，如此容易以至于很快做完，用so...that。故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意区别so+形容词或副词that，such+a/an+可数名词单数或不可数名词that和too +形容西或副词to表示太......而不能的用法。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】时态统一；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：——你可以告诉我你为什么下这些决心？——当然可以，因为我想在新年做出改变。分析句子结构可知， why...these resolutions 是一个宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B，making是动名不能充当从句的谓语动词，排除A，选项C，you make主谓结构，是陈述语序。故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意宾语从句的时态和语序。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】表示越…就越…
【解析】【分析】句意：——你吃零食越少，你越健康。——没错，我将停止吃油炸食品。less比较少，修饰不可数名词，fewer比较少，修饰可数名词复数，根据空格后sacks，是可数名词复数，用fewer；第二空格分句谓语动词be+形容词，用形容词healthy的比较级。句式结构the+比较级，the+比较级，表示越……，越……，用the fewer，the healthier。故选B。
【点评】考查比较级句式。注意比较级句式中less和few的用法，be动词+形容词。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】动词原形；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯
【解析】【分析】句意：住在城市的人们梦想着在乡村有一种舒服而安宁的生活。分析句子结构可知，dream才是句子的谓语动词。people living in=people who are living in省略了who are。living现在分词作后置定语，修饰people，是非谓语，译为“住在城市的人们”。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词的用法。注意掌握非谓语动词的用法。
16．【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——Gina，如果你不经常练习英语，你将不会学好英语。A：if如果，是否；B：unless如果不，除非；C：though虽然，尽管。结合语境可知，用unless，如果不练习，就会学不好。故选B。
【点评】考查条件状语从句。注意熟记条件状语从句引导词的词义，结合语境选词义。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——没有被允许，就看其他人的东西是错误的。——对不起，我不会那样做。A： ook at看着；B：look through浏览，看，强调看的动作；C：look for寻找。结合语境，看别人东西，强调的是动作。故选B。
【点评】考查近义短语辨析。注意熟记各个近义短语的区别，根据语境选短语。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们在学习中面对困难时，我们应该继续还是放弃？我想大部分学生选择继续。A：compare比较；B：communicate交流；C：continue继续。根据下句I think most of the students will choose to go on.大部分学生选择继续，可知，上文是说继续 continue或者give up放弃。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意熟记动词词义，并根据语境选择正确动词词义。
19．【答案】C
【知识点】社会文化类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】句意：中国人以礼貌著称于世，根据中国传统，在下列不同情况下哪些在中国是可以接受的。①knocking before entering the room在进入房间之前先敲门 ②giving clocks to our friends as birthday gifts把钟送给朋友作为生日礼物 ③saying others' mistakes out loud to let them lose their faces大声说出别人的错误，让他们丢脸 ④greeting(打招呼) others by shaking hands when attending（参加）meetings参见会议，通过握手打招呼⑤holding our cups with two hands while others are filling them with tea用两只手拿着杯子，其他人在倒茶。在中国可以接受的礼仪有①④⑤，故选C。
【点评】考查中国传统文化。注意熟悉中国在不同情境有不同礼节。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】数学运算
【解析】【分析】句意：Frank，一个八年级学生，打算和他父母，66岁的奶奶去爬山，根据这个价格表，他们需要付多少钱的票。根据票的价格，成人Adult(aged 65 and above)65和65岁以上，价钱30元，成人Adult(aged under 65)，价钱40元，小孩Child(aged 6-17)，价钱20元，小孩Child(aged under 6)，价钱免费。根据题意Frank，八年级学生6到17岁，票价20元，他的父母两人，六十五岁以下，票价40元，共80元，他的66岁的奶奶，票价30元，总共130元。故选A。
【点评】考查数字运算。注意数字运算时，要看清楚要求和条件。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．C；29．C；30．B
【知识点】人生百味类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要讲述如何获取青少年生活带来的成功。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：甚至作为一个青少年，你都可以在你的生活中取得成功。A：for为了；B：as作为；C：to对于，根据空格后a teenager可知，用as符合语境，作为青少年。故选B。
22．句意：这里有一些可能有用的重要的要点。A：points要点，点；B：problems问题；C：questions答案。根据下文的提示，Do well in school. Do good in your neighborhood. Be nice to your parents and teachers. 应该是获取成功的要点，用points。故选A。
23．句意：无论教育怎样无聊，它将会帮助你成为社会有用的人。A：interesting有趣的，修饰物；B：bored无聊的，修饰人；C：boring无聊的，修饰物，根据空格的句子主语是it，指代物，排除B，it代替的是education教育，教育对于青少年来说，是无聊的boring。故选C。
24．句意：在学校努力变得优秀，听老师的，做你的作业，学习，并且取得好分数。A：and和，并且，表示并列关系；B：or或者，否则，表示选择；C：but但是，表示转折。根据空格前study与空格后get good grades的动作是一种并列关系，用and。故选A。
25．句意：找一些你感兴趣的工作，比如在社区种树，捡垃圾。A：Such as例如，后直接加所举例的人或物；B：For example例如，后接逗号，再接所列举的人或物；C：And so on等等。根据空格前后，是一种举例关系，且后面有逗号，用for example。故选B。
26．句意：当你帮助其他人，这将会使你自己感觉比较好。A：will make将使，一般将来时；B：would make会使，过去将来时；C：made使，一般过去时。根据语境当你帮助别人的动作还没有发生，用一般将来时will make。故选A。
27．句意：即使有时候他们让你不开心，展示你对他们和他们的主意尊重。A：in time及时；B：on time按时；C：at times有时。根据语境，有时你不开心，也要表示对父母和老师尊重。故选C。
28．句意：别忘了他们为什么关心你。A：so因此，所以，表示结果；B：because因为，表示原因；C：why为什么，问原因。根据固定搭配that why...那为什么....的原因。故选C。
29．句意：你不能选择你的老师或你的家庭，但是你应该和他们融洽相处。根据固定搭配be able to do sth 能做某事，用动词不定式to do。故选C。
30．句意：现在马上行动，你会享受青少年生活带给你的成功。A：successful成功的，形容词；B：the success成功，名词；C：the succeed成功，动词。根据空格前enjoy动词，后接名词作宾语，用名词形式success。故选B。
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．C
34．A
35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了五个学生的年龄和梦想。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。注意本题阅读理解题涉及的都是细节理解题，从题目的关键信息，找出原文的信息，理解信息的细节，帅选答案。
31．细节理解题。根据 I hope I can visit the moon some day! 这里的I 是指Wu Dong。故答案选A。
32．细节理解题。根据 I have science classes every Tuesday and Wednesday. 这里的I是指Li Ming，他每周三和周四上一次科学课，即是一周两次 twice a week。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据Before the earthquake(地震) on May 12, 2008, I wanted to be a reporter. 这里的I指的是Wang Hao，可知，他想成为记者reporter。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据My dream is to take the train to Beijing with my family.这里my dream指的是 Joma 的梦想，和家人乘着火车去北京，选 ① 和 ③ 。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据 I hope I can invent a machine that can help people understand different languages in the future. 和 I want to invent a machine that can send things or people from one place to another place far away in a minute. 可知，是两个人想发明机器人。故选B。
【答案】36．正确
37．正确
38．正确
39．正确
40．错误
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：主要讲述一个老师派四个学生去看不同季节的苹果树，学生在不同的季节看到不同的事物，告诉我们在看到事物整体之前，不要急着下结论，每样东西都有两面性，不要片面看问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题，注意细节题注意理解文章的相关信息的细节，主旨大意题，注意也可以在篇首或篇末找到答案。
36．细节理解题。根据 Once he sent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. 可知，是一共四个学生在不同的季节去看苹果树。故答案正确。
37．细节理解题。根据The first student went in winter...，可知第一个学生是冬天去。故答案正确。
38．细节理解题。根据The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.可知，最后一个学生看到苹果树上有很多苹果。故答案正确。
39．细节理解题。根据The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong.可知，四个学生都错了。故答案正确。
40．主旨大意题。根据 Everything has different sides in our life. Don't hurry to make a conclusion(结论)before seeing the whole of it.可知，文章主要告诉我们不要片面看问题，但题目是说应该片面看问题。故答案是错误。
【答案】41．B
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．A
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了在森林里迷路了，你应该坐下呆在原地，晚上到来前没有得到帮助，用树枝做一个房子，当必要时，不要吃任何东西，仅仅喝流动的水，你也可以生火，让别人只知道你在做什么。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题、主旨题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，词义猜测题要根据所猜词义上下文词义猜测其词义。
41．词义猜测题。根据You can shout or whistle(口哨)three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.你可以大喊或吹口哨三次，在喊或吹口哨三次，可推测知，这些都是求救的信号。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据If you get lost, these are what you should do.Sit down and stay where you are.可知，如果你在森林里迷路，坐下，并呆在原地。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.可知，大喊或吹口哨三次的信号，是求助信号。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段可知如果在森林迷路，呆在一个地方并且给出求助信号，选项A正确；根据第三段If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝).可知，如果你想在晚上到来前得不到帮助，用树枝做一个房子，与题目意思相反，选项B不正确；根据Maybe someone will see the smoke and question why there is a fire this time of the year and come to find you. 可知，生火，是以便于某人能看见你，选项C是正确的。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在森林里迷路了，应该做什么，选项A符合题意。故选A。
【答案】46．D；47．C；48．B；49．A；50．E
【知识点】社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：主要讲述巴西的狂欢节，是如何庆祝。
A. Every year the parade tells a different story. 每年的游行都有不同的故事。
B. Carnival in Brazil is an important holiday.在巴西狂欢节是一个重要的节日。
C. Carnival is one of the world's biggest celebrations. 狂欢节是世界上最大的庆祝活动之一。
D. The country is Brazil.这个国家时巴西。
E. Like at every other popular party, people drive, dance and have fun. 就像其他受欢迎的派对一样，人们开车，跳舞，玩乐。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意通过阅读选项，找出跟其他选项完全不同意思的句子，联系上下句意，选答案。
46．根据上文There is a beautiful country in South America. It's in the shape of a heart.在南美，有一个漂亮的国家，它的形状像一个心脏，可知，这个国家是巴西。故选D。
47．根据空格后句People in many countries celebrate Carnival but the celebration in Brazil is the most famous.可知，它是世界性节日，结合选项，应说狂欢节是世界最大的庆祝活动之一。故选C。
48．根据空格后 During the holiday, people close shops and come out on the streets to celebrate life. There are many different Samba schools.可知，说的是如何庆祝，结合选项，应说狂欢节在巴西是一个重要的节日。故选B。
49．根据空格前They make a parade(游行)to show their music, art pieces and hand -made cars. People follow them all the way.讲的是学校的游行活动，结合选项，应是说每年的游行都有不同的故事。故选A。
50．根据空格后Unluckily, some people aren't friendly and give it a bad name, leaving a bad impression(印象) of his holiday可知，说的是狂欢节的影响，结合选项，应说就像其他受欢迎的派对一样，人们开车、跳舞、玩得很开心。故选E。
【答案】51．G；52．B；53．D；54．E；55．A
【知识点】日常生活类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】A. Finally, put another piece of bread on top. 最后，再放一片面包在上面。
B. What else 接下来呢？
C. How many 多少？
D. How much 多少？
E. But you can put more if you like. 但如果你愿意，可以多放点。
F. Now you can eat it.现在你可以吃它。
G. How do you make a beef sandwich 如何制作牛肉三明治。
【点评】补全对话考查日常交际用语的应用，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
51．根据上文 I want to make beef sandwiches for dinner.我想做牛肉三明治做晚餐和下文 First, put some vegetable leaves on a piece of bread.首先放一些蔬菜叶在一块面包上。可知是如何做牛肉三明治。故选G。
52．根据前面提到完成了步骤一，而后句 Next，put...下一步，放……可知，此空在问：接下来呢？What else 故选B。
53．根据空格后Not too much, one small piece of beef is enough. 不用太多，一小片牛肉就足够了，可知，此空问用量多少，beef是不可数名词，排除C。故选D。
54．根据下文 Is that all 算完成了吗？Not quite.不完全是/还没。可知，此空排除A和F。故选E。
55．根据前文都还提到最后一步，和后文A beef sandwich is ready.牛肉三明治做好了，可知，此空是最后一步。故选A。
【答案】56．speak；57．hold；58．this；59．What；60．wait
【知识点】日常生活类；其他体裁
【解析】【分析】大意：对话主要讲述 Alice 和 Fred 之间打电话。
【点评】考查补全对话。注意电话用语间的固定搭配。
56．句意：请叫Alice接电话。固定搭配：speak to sb 找某人接电话。故填speak。
57．句意：请稍等。固定搭配：hold on 请稍等。故填hold。
58．句意：Alice你好，我是Fred。this is sb为接电话时的英语自我介绍，我是某某。故答案为this。
59．句意：天气怎么样？固定搭配：What's the weather like 天气怎么样？故填What。
60．句意：我呆会在207路公交车站等你。固定搭配：wait for等待，用动词wait，空前有will+动词原形。故填wait。
【答案】61．broke；62．later；63．give up；64．training；65．useful；66．success；67．kindness；68．Luckily
【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】选项意思： late后来，迟的, successful成功的, use使用, lucky幸运的, give up放弃, kind友善的, break打破，摔碎, train火车，培训
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后在逐一作答，注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
61．句意：当我17岁时，我伤了我父亲的心。结合空格后my father's heart. 可推知，是伤了我爸爸的心，用break，又因句子是一般过去式，break的过去式是broke。故填broke。
62．句意：三个月后，我告诉他我离开大学，并且第一次看见他哭。根据空格前Three months，可推知，是三个月后，用late的副词形式later。故填later。
63．句意：我不想放弃。根据下文 But I couldn't see how to do it and all the time my father's words were in my mind. 我不明白怎么做，并且父亲的话一直在心理，说明我不想放弃，用give up，因空格前是want to+动词原形。故填give up。
64．句意：然后一个男人介绍我去培训班。固定搭配：training course 培训班。故填training。
65．句意：我去并学习很多有用的技巧。空格后有名词skills，需要用形容词修饰，把动词use变形容词useful。故答案useful。
66．句意：我第一次尝到了甜美的果实。根据the sweet fruits of 后接名词，表示……的甜美果实，此处应是成功的甜美果实，把形容词successful变名词success。故填success。
67．句意：当那一天来临的时候，他非常好心地为我安排了这一切。根据空格前With great 后接名词，结合语境，非常友好地为我安排了一切，用kind的名词形式kindness。故填kindness。
68．句意：幸运的是，他同意让我试一试。分析句子结构可知，缺副词做状语，结合句意，用lucky的副词形式luckily。故填Luckily。
【答案】69．refuse；comfortable
70．didn't；until
71．Mary's dad.
72．Because she works hard and also need to take care of Mary's little sister.
73．Four./4
【知识点】人生百味类；教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲的是母亲和孩子因为玩电脑影响成绩的事情吵架了，父亲给孩子写了一封信，让孩子向妈妈道歉。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意根据题目任务要求去找信息。
69．①根据释义：某人叫你去做，但是你不愿去做，用refuse。故填refuse。
②根据释义：使某人感到放松，就是舒服，用comfortable。故填comfortable。
70．句意：你没有睡觉，知道晚上十一点，用连词not...until。故填didn't，until。
71．根据署名是your dad，可知是Mary的爸爸给Mary写的信。故填Mary's dad。
72．根据our mother works hard and also needs to take care of your little sister. She is so tired every day. 可知，妈妈努力工作，还要照顾小妹妹，所以每天都如此累。故填Because she works hard and also need to take care of Mary's little sister.
73．玛丽家里一共有4口人，爸爸，妈妈，玛丽和妹妹，故填Four./4。
【答案】74．British；75．year；76．weak；77．dream；78．21
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述Dickens 的一生，他是一位英国的文学家，但是因为父亲无法及时换银行的钱而进了监狱，因此Dickens没有机会上学，更是在十岁就开始通过唱歌来谋生，但是，后来自己对写作有着强烈的爱好以及自身的经历让他成为了一位著名的作家。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意细节理解题根据题目要求，找信息，填所缺的细节信息。
74．细节理解题。根据Charles Dickens was one of the founders (创立) of the British literature (文学).Charles Dickens是英国文学创立人之一。故填British。
75．细节理解题。根据He was born in 1828.是他出生的一年。故填year。
76．细节理解题。根据As a child, Charles was small and weak(虚弱的).可知，当他是一个小孩的时候，他的健康状况是又小又虚弱。故填weak。
77．细节理解题。根据He was interested in writing and dreamed to be a writer.可知，他的梦想是想成为一名作家。故填dream。
78．细节理解题。根据In 1848, he was a reporter by day and a writer by night, writing about London life.可知，到1848年，他是21岁，白天是一个记者，晚上是一个作家写关于伦敦生活。故填21。
79．【答案】略
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇材料作文。是一篇写信的应用文，用第二人称写，时态用一般现在时。先总写你的身体状况，在分写介绍你保持健康的方法有哪些，最后针对她体重增加的问题，提建议。注意要点一定要齐全，有条理，句子连贯通顺，恰当用上连词。
【点评】考查材料作文，写此类作文，注意要仔细认真阅读材料的要求和要点，如介绍保持健康的方法时，要包括运动，饮食，睡眠，写建议时，至少要两点。
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