河南省长垣市第十高中2020-2021学年高一下学期3月返校考试英语试卷

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河南省长垣市第十高中2020-2021学年高一下学期3月返校考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
（2020高一上·十堰期末）阅读理解
Giving is one of the main ways of
understanding the value of money—but it often gets ignored. When we pay close
attention to what we want for Christmas or birthdays and spending lots of money
on our loved ones, why not take the time to teach your sons or daughters a
little bit about giving back Here are 4 activities which can help your
children know what is the real meaning of "giving".
Donating (捐赠)Online
Because your children have seen all the fun
and games from the charity organization Children in Need fundraising, it's the
perfect time to show them how easy it is to donate money to charity online and
how rewarding this can be. If they have a go Henry card, they can even do this themselves
directly using their own money earned from playing the games that develop
intelligence (智力).
Time: Saturday every week
Giving Things to Charity
Giving their extra things to charity can help
kids see how much value their things have. Explaining the money from selling
their things and helping others can make them feel how lucky they are.
Time: Sunday every week
Volunteering within the Community (社区)
Whether it's clearing rubbish from a park or
visiting the elderly, volunteering is certainly the most direct way for your
children to understand what we mean when we say "giving". This really
helps understand the value of giving some of their time.
Time: Monday every summer vacation
Getting Them to Actively Raise Money for
Something
Help them discover something they really care
about and get their mind set on how they could raise some money for people in
need. Making cakes and selling them at school, selling some of their own things
or even washing the neighbors' cars are great ways in which children can make a
difference to something they care about.
Time: Tuesday every winter vacation
1．Who is the text mainly written for
A．Guides. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Tourists.
2．What is special about Donating Online
A．It is held every day.
B．It allows selling cakes online.
C．It requires volunteers' ID cards.
D．It accepts the money earned from playing games.
3．Which of the following can most help understand the value of giving time
A．Donating Online.
B．Giving Things to Charity.
C．Volunteering within the Community.
D．Getting Them to Actively Raise Money for Something.
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
I'd
been at Camp Eggleton for only two days before I got my nickname(绰号) , Screaming
Toad(尖叫的蛤蟆).
When
we were on our first nature walk, a tree frog dropped onto my shirt from the
branches above. I screamed. I didn't even know I could make a sound like that. Most
kids laughed it off and forgot about it. But Stan wouldn't let it go.
Three
days later, Mr. Matt told us we would play a game. The two－person team to find
the most treasures hidden in the woods gets something cold. Thoughts of ice
cream froze on our brains.
Mr.
Matt started reading off pairs of names. My nerves(神经) got completely fried
when he said, "And finally, Jay and Stan. "
"If
the mosquitoes(蚊子) are biting you, just ask Screaming Toad to eat them for you.
" Stan called to the group. One kid laughed, but most of them were already
concentrating on looking for treasures.
Then
I had an idea, "You know, Stan, if we split up, we'll have a better
chance of finding stuff. " Stan shrugged (耸肩)and walked down the path
alone.
Ten
minutes later, I heard something that reminded me of myself a few days ago. I
ran toward the sound. Stan was jumping around like a monkey, screaming and
yelling: "Ants! Ants!"
I
led him into a mud puddle(泥坑). He was surprised at first then he must have
realized why I was doing it. The itch(痒) was going away and so were the ants.
"I
guess you're going to have a pretty good story for everyone later. "Stan
said worriedly.
"Yeah,
I guess so. You'll probably be known as Dancing Ant from now on. "
That
night, we all sat around the campfire. I could see Stan's worry as clear as
daylight. He was waiting for it. But I never said anything. I knew how it felt
to be laughed at.
The
next day was Game Day. When I was picked for a basketball team, someone called,
"No fair! Screaming Toad's a natural Jumper!"
Stan
yelled out, "Knock it off. His name is Jay. "
4．Why did Jay get his nicknames
A．He signed up for Camp Eggleton.
B．He shouted loudly when the frog fell on his clothes.
C．Stan gave him the nicknames because of his bravery.
D．The other boys thought it cool to be called like that.
5．Which word can replace the underlined phrase "split up" in Paragraph 6
A．United. B．Separated. C．Apologised. D．Shared.
6．Why did Jay bring Stan to the mud puddle
A．To make Stan calm down.
B．To give him a chance to say sorry.
C．To drive away the ants and the itch.
D．To prevent Stan from hurting himself.
7．What can we learn from the story
A．Actions speak louder than words.
B．Everyone's efforts are very important.
C．A good beginning makes a good ending.
D．Don't do to others what you don't want done to yourself.
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
The
spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and
the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David
Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined
information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet
affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as
nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more
people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.
The
Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people
began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at
greater risk of non－infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.
Unfortunately
when people adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health
problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where
the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one per cent to 10
per cent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20－year period.
And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.
And,
a diet bad for human beings, is also bad for the environment. As the world's
population grows, more forests and tropical(热带的) areas will become farmland for
crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in
the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of
transportation right now.
Mr
Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health "a
trilemma":
a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving
the Western diet behind.
8．We can infer from the passage that________.
A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases
B．Overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases
C．The examined information comes from developing countries
D．Industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet
9．According to the passage, more greenhouse gases might be given off in the future from________.
A．transportation B．developing countries
C．agriculture D．developed countries
10．David Tilman believes that________.
A．The diet, the environment and human health are closely connected
B．The Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes
C．People in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease
D．Traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet
11．What's the main purpose of writing the passage
A．To call on us to protect the environment.
B．To warn us of the danger of the Western diet.
C．To remind us of the importance of health.
D．To advise us to have a balanced diet.
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
Electrical
devices(仪器)could soon use power made by human energy. Scientists say they have
developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical
movement of a person walking , British scientist Max Donelan and other
scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The
device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks , the device captures
energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the
slowing down movement of the leg, the movements of the walking person push
parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult
walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan
says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop
computer for six minutes.
There
are several possible uses for the device. Developers say it could help people
who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device
could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers(起博器), it could even
be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.
The
experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but
it is too costly for most people to buy, but the researchers hope to make a
lighter, less costly version. An improved version should be ready in one year.
The
developers hope the device will one day help developing countries; nearly
twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.
A
similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of
Pennsylvania, He created a bag carried on a person's back that also produces
power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the
bag, but the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty
kilograms.
12．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.
A．who developed the device
B．how the device works
C．several possible uses for the devices
D．how much electricity the device can produce
13．What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device
A．It is too heavy for the walker to bear
B．It is too complex for people to use
C．It is too expensive for most people to afford
D．It will slow down one's walking speed
14．Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome, this new device ________.
A．produces power without adding more loads to the walker
B．can produce more power in a much shorter time
C．needs to be equipped with a battery
D．can help the walker walk faster
15．What would be the best title for the passage________.
A．First device powered by walking will soon be on the market
B．Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers
C．Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking
D．Human energy will become a main source of electricity
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong
Are you new to experiencing relationships Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.
Be an honest person with them. 　16． 　 Don't be afraid to say things that isn't very flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If there's no trust, there's nothing there. So please be honest and they'll learn to open up to you.
Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isn't just simply treating her or him nicely. There's a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking. 　17． 　Don't just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
　18． 　 Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.
Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, joke with them. Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. 　19． 　
Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if it's something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. 　20． 　 It's important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up.
A. Show them your personality.
B. Do not hide things from them, do not lie.
C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.
D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
E. You can neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F. Basically, learn to study your partners' moods, wants and needs.
G. If they did something that made you upset, tell them about it in a respectful manner
三、完型填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
just ended a six year relationship. I found myself alone, feeling 21． ,
often with an empty room for company (陪伴) on weekends. For the first time, I
wondered if I had a mental 22． .
After
weeks of feeling 23． and sitting on my sofa crying, I decided to
take action to turn my 24． around. I realized I didn't have disease. I
just hadn't been meeting my basic needs in a 25． and balanced way.
After
taking action to 26． a new diploma (文凭), I reflected (思考) on how
much better after I was meeting my basic needs, and how happy and 27． I felt as a result. I also recognized that I
was meeting the 28． in a new way. People were amazed when I told
them what I was 29． .
Seven
years later, I never 30． the basic need. At the moment I am 31． for my third marathon. People tell me how 32． I am when I am running. I feel very happy, so
I look after my body better. I have achieved a goal, and I go on to do
something 33． with my time to meet other needs.
My
dear friends, as we head into the New Year, I'd like to 34． you to spend an evening together, 35． some music you enjoy, look at each of the
different needs and check how well you are 36． each one of your needs. If you do not meet a
need fully, don't worry. Worry is useless. 37． , think about what action you can take
to improve this 38． and write down some steps to achieve that. Like
me with my 39． ,
you may find that while meeting one need, you end up meeting others 40． as a result.
21．A．excited B．lonely C．curious D．joyful
22．A．enjoyment B．energy C．determination D．disease
23．A．helpless B．cheerful C．fortunate D．content
24．A．body B．sofa C．life D．title
25．A．strange B．broad C．healthy D．traditional
26．A．get B．make C．sell D．mend
27．A．alone B．awake C．asleep D．alive
28．A．condition B．need C．stranger D．friend
29．A．studying B．buying C．teaching D．missing
30．A．forget B．misunderstand C．ruin D．gain
31．A．reporting B．searching C．training D．watching
32．A．confident B．troublesome C．intelligent D．tiresome
33．A．generous B．unimportant C．violent D．positive
34．A．allow B．invite C．order D．employ
35．A．put off B．put away C．put down D．put on
36．A．attracting B．meeting C．knowing D．remembering
37．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Besides
38．A．story B．music C．design D．situation
39．A．boyfriend B．marathon C．sickness D．failure
40．A．humorously B．painfully C．naturally D．violently
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important 　41． 　 (agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops 　42． 　(gather) in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful 　43． 　 the year's supply of food. Today in European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together 　44． 　 (celebrate) over a meal. During the Mid－autumn Festival in China, families usually gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may die out and others may be established. In order to avoid air 　45． 　 (pollute), many big cities have given up 　46． 　 custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits during the typical Chinese Spring festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with business 　47． 　 (take)advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much 　48． 　(easy) for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 　49． 　 some believe festivals should not be commercialized, others believe the increase in spending 　50． 　(be) good for the economy and public happiness.
五、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51．（2021高一下·长垣开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共
有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Four
months ago I am walking on the campus when I heard two students saying that Mrs.
Wu, whom had been teaching us English for two years, would retire the next
month.
I
returned to the classroom and shared the news for my classmates. To express our
thanks to Mrs. Wu for her patient teaching, we agreed on a celebrate after a
heated discussion.
After school we began to make fully preparations. I went to the flower shop, where I bought a bunch of flowers. represents our love and respect for our dear teacher. One of my classmates had some PowerPoint slides make, which included a number of photo recording the touching moments we spent together.
When
she came into the classroom on Wednesday morning, and all of us stood up. I
presented the flowers to her. With tears in her eyes. Mrs. Wu greatly moved by
what we did! She said her feelings were beyond words.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2021高一下·长垣开学考）假定你是李华，从互联网上得知某国外野生动物保护组织正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员，请写一封电子邮件申请加入。内容主要包括：
1）自我介绍；
2）申请条件(性格、爱好、英语能力等)；
3）参加意图(宣传保护动物的重要性)；
4）希望获准。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，给父母们介绍了四种活动，可以帮助他们的孩子理解 “给予”的真正含义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“….why not take the time to teach your sons or daughters a little bit about giving back Here are 4 activities which can help your children know what is the real meaning of ‘giving'"可知，这些活动可以让父母帮助孩子知道什么是“给予”的真正含义，应该是以父母为对象的。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Donating (捐赠)Online部分中的“If they have a go Henry card, they can even do this themselves directly using their own money earned from playing the games that develop intelligence”可知，孩子们可以使用自己从玩开发智力的游戏中得到的钱直接在网上捐赠。因此，网上捐赠是接受玩智力游戏得到的钱的。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Volunteering within the Community (社区)部分中的“Whether it's clearing rubbish from a park or visiting the elderly, volunteering is certainly the most direct way for your children to understand what we mean when we say ‘giving'"可知，在社区内帮助清理垃圾、看望老人等志愿服务可以让孩子理解“给予时间”的真正意义。 故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．C
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Stan拿作者的绰号“尖叫的蛤蟆”来嘲笑他。后来在一次游戏活动中，蚂蚁爬到斯坦的身上，Stan又叫又跳。作者把他带到一个泥坑，弄掉了蚂蚁。Stan以为作者会拿这件事给他取绰号，但作者知道被人嘲笑的感觉，并没有这样做。Stan也从此不叫作者的绰号了。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When we were on our first nature walk, a tree frog dropped onto my shirt from the branches above. I screamed.“当我们第一次进行自然漫步时，一只树蛙从上面的树枝上掉到了我的衬衫上。 我尖叫。可知作者散步时，一只树蛙从树枝上掉到他的衬衫上,他尖叫起来。于是就有了“Screaming Toad(尖叫的蛤蟆)”的绰号。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“Stan shrugged(耸肩)and walked down the path alone.”可知,Mr. Matt将作'者和Stan分为一个组，而Stan一个人走了。因此可以推测split up意思为“分开”。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第八段中的“The itch(痒）was going away and so were the ants.”瘙痒消失了，蚂蚁也没有了。“so were the ants”是“so＋助动词十主语”结构，表示前面所叙述的情况也适用于另一个人/事，意思为“……也一样”。作者将Stan带到泥坑里，是为了将Stan身上的蚂蚁弄·掉，也就不痒了。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。通读全文,Stan拿绰号来嘲笑作者。后来在一次游戏活动中，作者帮助了Stan。Stan 以为作者会给他取绰号，但作者知道被人嘲笑的感觉，并没有这样做。通过作者对待Stan的态度，让我们体会到“己所不欲，勿施于人”。故选D。
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．A
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害，因此，专家建议把西方的饮食抛在身后。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.”他发现，随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。可推断出，工业化促进了西方饮食的传播。故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of transportation right now.”在未来，农业产生的温室气体可能会比现在所有交通方式产生的温室气体还要多。可知，未来农业可能会释放出更多的温室气体。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Mr. Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health ‘a trilemma': a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.”蒂尔曼先生将饮食、环境和人类健康之间的联系称为“三难抉择”:一个提供了艰难选择的问题。他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。可此推知，David Tilman相信饮食、环境与人类健康息息相关。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment”西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害；以及最后一段中的“He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.”他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们西方饮食的危险。故选B。
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．A
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的装备让我们步行也可以发电，以及这种装置的工作原理等。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“The device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg.”该设备连接到人的膝盖。 当人走路时，该设备会在人每次减速时捕获能量。 为此，该设备有助于减缓腿部的播种运动。可知本段主要讲述的是这个机器是如何运转工作的，故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"but it is too costly for most people to buy"但对大多数人来说太贵了，故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段 中的“The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag. But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.” 可知，Larry Rome 设计的仪器生产的电量不多却需要人们负重20到30千克；以及第四段中的 “The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms”该设备的实验版重约一公斤半 可知，新仪器重量只有大约1.5千克，所以两者对比可知，新设备不用让步行者负重更多，故选A。
15．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了科学家们新开发的通过走路即可产生能量的新仪器。“仪器为健走活动赋予了新意义”符合文章的主要内容，可用作本文标题，故选C。
【答案】16．B；17．F；18．C；19．D；20．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何让关系更健康和持久。1、对他人诚实；2、确保你是值得依赖的；3、保持幽默感很重要，因为开心是幸福的关键；4、要注意交流的方式方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“ Be an honest person with them. ”在他们面前做一个诚实的人。B. Do not hide things from them, do not lie.“不要向他们隐瞒，也不要说谎”，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前“ You have to learn to adjust to their liking. ”你得学会适应他们的喜好；以及空后“ Don't just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well.”不要只考虑你自己，也要考虑你的伴侣需要什么。 F. Basically, learn to study your partners' moods, wants and needs.“基本上，学会研究你伴侣的情绪、欲望和需求”，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空后“ Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. ”总是愿意帮助他们，同时给他们诚实和积极的态度。C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.“确保你在鼓励你的伴侣”，引出下文，符合语境，故选C。
19． 根据空前“ Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. ”笑可能看起来很傻，但它是生活中许多事情的秘密。它会让火花继续燃烧。D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.“笑声能让你们的关系更加牢固和持久”，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空后前“ It's important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up. ”，重要的是与他们沟通，而不是闷在心里。G. If they did something that made you upset, tell them about it in a respectful manner“如果他们做了什么让你不高兴的事，礼貌地告诉他们”，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．A；24．C；25．C；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．A；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．C
【知识点】夹叙夹议；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自己所经历的失恋痛苦，到后来通过实际行动改变自己的生活，告诉我们一个道理：我们要平衡自己，用积极的行动去满足我们不同的基本需求。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我发现自己独自一人，感觉很孤独，周末常常有空房间陪我。A：excited“兴奋的'；B：lonely”孤独的“；‘C：curious”好奇的“；D：joyful ”快乐的“。根据空前”I found myself alone“可知，作者感到孤独。故选B。
22．句意：第一次，我想知道我是否有精神上的疾病。A：enjoyment”快乐“；B：energy”精力“；C：determination”决定“；D：disease”疾病“。根据下文的”I realized I didn't have disease“可知，作者怀疑自己得了心理疾病。故选D。
23．句意：几周来我感到无助，坐在沙发上哭泣，我决定采取行动扭转我的生活。A：helpless”无助的“；B：cheerful”快乐的“；C：fortunate”幸运的'；D：content “满意的”。根据空后“sitting on my sofa crying”可知，作者感到无助，所以哭泣。故选A。
24．句意：几周来我感到无助，坐在沙发上哭泣，我决定采取行动扭转我的生活。A：body“身体”；B：sofa“沙发”；C：life“生活”；D：title“标题”。根据语境可知，此处指作者对现在生活不满，决心采取行动扭转自己的生活。故选C。
25．句意：我只是没有以一种健康和平衡的方式满足我的基本需求。A：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；B：broad“宽阔的”；C：healthy“健康的”；D：traditional “传统的”。根据上文“I realized I didn't have disease”可知，作者没病，只是没有健康平衡地满足自己的基本需求。故选C。
26．句意：在采取行动拿到一张新的文凭后，我开始反思，在满足了我的基本需求之后，我感觉自己有多幸福和充满活力。A：get“得到”；B：make“使……”；C：sell“卖”；D：mend “修理”。根据空后“a new diploma”可知，此处指作者得到了一张新的文凭。故选A。
27．句意：在采取行动拿到一张新的文凭后，我开始反思，在满足了我的基本需求之后，我感觉自己有多幸福和充满活力。A：alone“独自的”；B：awake“清醒的“；C：asleep”睡着的“；D：alive ”有活力的“。根据空前”how much better after I was meeting my basic needs， and how happy“可知，在满足需求后，作者感到快乐和活力。故选D。
28．句意：我也意识到我正在以一种新的方式满足需要。A：condition”条件‘；B：need“需要”；C：stranger“陌生人“；D：friend”朋友“。根据上文的”how much better after I was meeting my basic needs, and how happy“可知，此处指满足需求，故选B。
29．句意：当我告诉人们我在学什么时，他们都很惊讶。A：studying”学习“；B：buying”买“；C：teaching”教育“；D：missing ”想念“。根据上文的”After taking action to 6 a new diploma“可知，作者是去学习了。故选A。
30．句意：我永远不会忘记最基本的需要。A：forget”忘记“；B：misunderstand”误解“；C：ruin”摧毁“；D：gain ”得到“。根据下文作者进行第三次马拉松，一直为目标奋斗追赶，可知作者没有停下对自己需求的追求，说明作者不会忘记自己最基本的需要。故选A。
31．句意：目前我正在为我的第三次马拉松训练。A：reporting”报道“；B：searching”寻找“；C：training”训练“；D：watching”看“。根据空后”for my third marathon．“可知，此处指作者在为第三次马拉松训练。故选C。
32．句意：人们告诉我我跑步时有多自信。A：confident”有信心的“；B：troublesome”麻烦的“；C：intelligent”聪明的“；D：tiresome ”讨厌的“。根据下文的”I have achieved a goal“可知，作者已实现一个目标，所以跑的时候非常自信。故选A。
33．句意：我已经实现了一个目标，我继续用我的时间去做一些积极的事情来满足其他的需要。A：generous”慷慨的“；B：unimportant”不重要的“；C：violent”暴力的“；D：positive ”积极的“。根据空后” to meet other needs．“可知，作者一直追赶自己的目标，满足自己的需求，说明作者很积极。故选D。
34．句意：亲爱的朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：allow”允许“；B：invite”邀请“；C：order”命令“；D：employ ”利用“。根据空后together可知，可知作者想邀请别人，故选B。
35．句意：亲爱的朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：put off”推迟“；B：put away”收好“；C：put down”放下“；D：put on”放上“。根据空后”some music you enjoy“可知，此处指放上一些喜欢的音乐。故选D。
36．句意：亲爱 朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：attracting”吸引“；B：meeting”满足“；C：knowing”知道“；D：remembering ”记得“。根据下文meet a need fully"可知，此处指满足需求，故选B。
37．句意：相反，想想你可以采取什么行动来改善这种状况，并写下实现这一点的一些步骤。A：Moreover”而且“；B： Otherwise”否则“；C：Instead”相反“；D：Besides ”此外“。由上一句"担心是没用的．"和本句可知，前后两句表转折，应用Instead．故选C。
38．句意：相反，想想你可以采取什么行动来改善这种状况，并写下实现这一点的一些步骤。A：story”故事“；B：music”音乐“；C：design”设计“；D：situation ”情况“。根据上文作者失恋之后想改变自己的生活可知，此处指"如果你不能完全满足你的需要，就要采取行动来改善这种状况。故选D。
39．句意：就像我参加马拉松比赛一样，你可能会发现，在满足一个需求的同时，你最终自然会遇到其他人。A：boyfriend”男朋友“；B：marathon”马拉松“；C：sickness”疾病“；‘D：failure ”失败“。由 marathon可知，作者参加了马拉松比赛。故选B。
40．句意：就像我参加马拉松比赛一样，你可能会发现，在满足一个需求的同时，你最终自然会遇到其他人。A：humorously”幽默地“；B：painfully”痛苦地“；C：naturally”自然地“；D：violently ”暴力地“。因为马拉松是一个很多人参加的比赛，所以在比赛中自然会遇见其他人。故选C。
【答案】41．agricultural；42．have been gathered/are gathered；43．for；44．to celebrate；45．pollution；46．the；47．taking；48．easier；49．While/Although/Though；50．is
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，每种文化都有传统的节日。但是,随着社会的发展,许多传统节日、习俗被取代，被取消，并且节日也变得越来越商业化。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，介词，非谓语动词，名词，冠词，形容词，状语从句，主谓一致以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：这个重要的农业节是在所有的庄稼收齐之后举行的。此处应用形容词修饰名词festival，故填agricultural。
42．句意：这个重要的农业节是在所有的庄稼收齐之后举行的。此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和句意判断为一般现在时或者现在完成时，主语crops 和gather 之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态或者现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been gathered/are gathered。
43．句意：人们庆祝以表示他们对这一年的食物供应表示感谢。be grateful for，固定短语，“对……感激”，故填for。
44．句意：现在，在欧洲的国家，人们用花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅，然后聚在一起通过吃饭来庆祝。此处应用不定式表目的，故填to celebrate。
45．句意：为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了在典型的中国春节期间燃放鞭炮驱邪的习俗。此处应用名词作为avoid的宾语，airpollution“空气污染”，不可数名词，故填pollution。
46．句意：为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了在典型的中国春节期间燃放鞭炮驱邪的习俗。此处特指“燃放烟花爆竹来赶走恶灵的习俗”，应用定冠词表示特指，故填the。
47．句意：节日变得越来越商业化，商业利用了庆祝活动。此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语business和动词短语take advantageof之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填taking。
48．句意：在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易为亲人购买礼物。此处应用形容词作宾补，由much和下文的more判断用比较级，故填easier。
49．句意：虽然有些人认为节日不应商业化，但另一些人认为增加支出有利于经济和公众幸福。此处用连词while/ though/ although"尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，故填While/ Though/ Although。
50．句意：虽然有些人认为节日不应商业化，但另一些人认为增加支出有利于经济和公众幸福。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主语the increase in spending是单数，由believe判断为一般现在时，故填is。
51．【答案】①am →was ②whom →who ③for →with ④celebrate →celebration ⑤fully →full ⑥represents →representing ⑦make →made ⑧photo →photos ⑨去掉all前的and ⑩Wu后面加was
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英语老师要退休了，作者和同学们举行了一个庆祝活动，老师很感动。
（1）句意：四个月前，我在校园里散步，听到两个学生说教了我们两年英语的吴老师下个月就要退休了。根据时间状语 Four months ago 可知，本句描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时 was。故am 改为 was。
（2）句意：四个月前，我在校园里散步，听到两个学生说教了我们两年英语的吴老师下个月就要退休了。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词 Mrs. Wu为人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who 引导。故 whom 改为who。
（3）句意：我回到教室，把这个消息与同学们分享。share sth. with sb. 固定短语。“将某事与某人分享”，故 for 改为 with。
（4）句意：为了感谢吴老师耐心的教导，经过热烈的讨论，我们决定庆祝一下。不定冠词a 后应接可数名词单数，故celebrate 改为celebration。
（5）句意：放学后，我们开始做充分准备。应用形容词修饰 preparations，make full preparations 固定短语“做充分准备”。故 fully 改为full。
（6）句意：我去了花店，在那里我买了一束鲜花，代表我们对敬爱的老师的爱和尊敬。flower 和 represent 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故 represents改为 representing。
（7）句意：我的一个同学做了一些幻灯片，里面有很多照片，记录了我们在一起的感动时刻。have sth. done 固定短语，“做了某事”。故 make 改为 made。
（8）句意：我的一个同学做了一些幻灯片，里面有很多照片，记录了我们在一起的感动时刻。a number of 固定短语，“很多”，后接可数名词复数，photo 为可数名词，故 photo 改为 photos。
（9）句意：当她周三早上走进教室时，我们都站了起来。and 为并列连词，前后连接完整句子，而此处 and 前为 when 引导的时间状语从句，并非完整句子，不符合语法规则。故将 and 删除。
（10）句意：吴老师眼中含着泪水，对我们所做的一切感到非常感动！根据句中的 by 可知，该句为被动句，缺少 be 动词，本句主语为第三人称单数，且为一般过去式，故 be 动词应用 was。故在 Wu之前加 was。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，定语从句，介词，名词，形容词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I have read the announcement that you posted on the Internet. I would like to work for you as a volunteer. The reasons can be listed as follows.
First, I like animals and I know a lot about wild animals by reading books and watching videos. Besides, I'm easy-going and I can get along with others easily. What's more, I can speak fluent English so that I can communicate with others freely. My purpose is to make more people realize the importance of protecting wild animals. Only in this way can we protect the animals better. I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
I am looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封电子邮件。写作背景：你从互联网上得知某国外野生动物保护组织正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）自我介绍；2）申请条件(性格、爱好、英语能力等)；3）参加意图(宣传保护动物的重要性)；4）希望获准。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China.运用了同位语； I have read the announcement that you posted on the Internet. 运用了限制性定语从句；The reasons can be listed as follows.运用了被动语态；
First, I like animals and I know a lot about wild animals by reading books and watching videos. 运用了并列句；Besides, I'm easy-going and I can get along with others easily. 运用了并列句；What's more, I can speak fluent English so that I can communicate with others freely.运用了目的状语从句； Only in this way can we protect the animals better. 运用了倒装句；I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.运用了I'd appreciate it if...固定句式。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
河南省长垣市第十高中2020-2021学年高一下学期3月返校考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
（2020高一上·十堰期末）阅读理解
Giving is one of the main ways of
understanding the value of money—but it often gets ignored. When we pay close
attention to what we want for Christmas or birthdays and spending lots of money
on our loved ones, why not take the time to teach your sons or daughters a
little bit about giving back Here are 4 activities which can help your
children know what is the real meaning of "giving".
Donating (捐赠)Online
Because your children have seen all the fun
and games from the charity organization Children in Need fundraising, it's the
perfect time to show them how easy it is to donate money to charity online and
how rewarding this can be. If they have a go Henry card, they can even do this themselves
directly using their own money earned from playing the games that develop
intelligence (智力).
Time: Saturday every week
Giving Things to Charity
Giving their extra things to charity can help
kids see how much value their things have. Explaining the money from selling
their things and helping others can make them feel how lucky they are.
Time: Sunday every week
Volunteering within the Community (社区)
Whether it's clearing rubbish from a park or
visiting the elderly, volunteering is certainly the most direct way for your
children to understand what we mean when we say "giving". This really
helps understand the value of giving some of their time.
Time: Monday every summer vacation
Getting Them to Actively Raise Money for
Something
Help them discover something they really care
about and get their mind set on how they could raise some money for people in
need. Making cakes and selling them at school, selling some of their own things
or even washing the neighbors' cars are great ways in which children can make a
difference to something they care about.
Time: Tuesday every winter vacation
1．Who is the text mainly written for
A．Guides. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Tourists.
2．What is special about Donating Online
A．It is held every day.
B．It allows selling cakes online.
C．It requires volunteers' ID cards.
D．It accepts the money earned from playing games.
3．Which of the following can most help understand the value of giving time
A．Donating Online.
B．Giving Things to Charity.
C．Volunteering within the Community.
D．Getting Them to Actively Raise Money for Something.
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，给父母们介绍了四种活动，可以帮助他们的孩子理解 “给予”的真正含义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“….why not take the time to teach your sons or daughters a little bit about giving back Here are 4 activities which can help your children know what is the real meaning of ‘giving'"可知，这些活动可以让父母帮助孩子知道什么是“给予”的真正含义，应该是以父母为对象的。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Donating (捐赠)Online部分中的“If they have a go Henry card, they can even do this themselves directly using their own money earned from playing the games that develop intelligence”可知，孩子们可以使用自己从玩开发智力的游戏中得到的钱直接在网上捐赠。因此，网上捐赠是接受玩智力游戏得到的钱的。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Volunteering within the Community (社区)部分中的“Whether it's clearing rubbish from a park or visiting the elderly, volunteering is certainly the most direct way for your children to understand what we mean when we say ‘giving'"可知，在社区内帮助清理垃圾、看望老人等志愿服务可以让孩子理解“给予时间”的真正意义。 故选C。
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
I'd
been at Camp Eggleton for only two days before I got my nickname(绰号) , Screaming
Toad(尖叫的蛤蟆).
When
we were on our first nature walk, a tree frog dropped onto my shirt from the
branches above. I screamed. I didn't even know I could make a sound like that. Most
kids laughed it off and forgot about it. But Stan wouldn't let it go.
Three
days later, Mr. Matt told us we would play a game. The two－person team to find
the most treasures hidden in the woods gets something cold. Thoughts of ice
cream froze on our brains.
Mr.
Matt started reading off pairs of names. My nerves(神经) got completely fried
when he said, "And finally, Jay and Stan. "
"If
the mosquitoes(蚊子) are biting you, just ask Screaming Toad to eat them for you.
" Stan called to the group. One kid laughed, but most of them were already
concentrating on looking for treasures.
Then
I had an idea, "You know, Stan, if we split up, we'll have a better
chance of finding stuff. " Stan shrugged (耸肩)and walked down the path
alone.
Ten
minutes later, I heard something that reminded me of myself a few days ago. I
ran toward the sound. Stan was jumping around like a monkey, screaming and
yelling: "Ants! Ants!"
I
led him into a mud puddle(泥坑). He was surprised at first then he must have
realized why I was doing it. The itch(痒) was going away and so were the ants.
"I
guess you're going to have a pretty good story for everyone later. "Stan
said worriedly.
"Yeah,
I guess so. You'll probably be known as Dancing Ant from now on. "
That
night, we all sat around the campfire. I could see Stan's worry as clear as
daylight. He was waiting for it. But I never said anything. I knew how it felt
to be laughed at.
The
next day was Game Day. When I was picked for a basketball team, someone called,
"No fair! Screaming Toad's a natural Jumper!"
Stan
yelled out, "Knock it off. His name is Jay. "
4．Why did Jay get his nicknames
A．He signed up for Camp Eggleton.
B．He shouted loudly when the frog fell on his clothes.
C．Stan gave him the nicknames because of his bravery.
D．The other boys thought it cool to be called like that.
5．Which word can replace the underlined phrase "split up" in Paragraph 6
A．United. B．Separated. C．Apologised. D．Shared.
6．Why did Jay bring Stan to the mud puddle
A．To make Stan calm down.
B．To give him a chance to say sorry.
C．To drive away the ants and the itch.
D．To prevent Stan from hurting himself.
7．What can we learn from the story
A．Actions speak louder than words.
B．Everyone's efforts are very important.
C．A good beginning makes a good ending.
D．Don't do to others what you don't want done to yourself.
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．C
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Stan拿作者的绰号“尖叫的蛤蟆”来嘲笑他。后来在一次游戏活动中，蚂蚁爬到斯坦的身上，Stan又叫又跳。作者把他带到一个泥坑，弄掉了蚂蚁。Stan以为作者会拿这件事给他取绰号，但作者知道被人嘲笑的感觉，并没有这样做。Stan也从此不叫作者的绰号了。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When we were on our first nature walk, a tree frog dropped onto my shirt from the branches above. I screamed.“当我们第一次进行自然漫步时，一只树蛙从上面的树枝上掉到了我的衬衫上。 我尖叫。可知作者散步时，一只树蛙从树枝上掉到他的衬衫上,他尖叫起来。于是就有了“Screaming Toad(尖叫的蛤蟆)”的绰号。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“Stan shrugged(耸肩)and walked down the path alone.”可知,Mr. Matt将作'者和Stan分为一个组，而Stan一个人走了。因此可以推测split up意思为“分开”。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据第八段中的“The itch(痒）was going away and so were the ants.”瘙痒消失了，蚂蚁也没有了。“so were the ants”是“so＋助动词十主语”结构，表示前面所叙述的情况也适用于另一个人/事，意思为“……也一样”。作者将Stan带到泥坑里，是为了将Stan身上的蚂蚁弄·掉，也就不痒了。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。通读全文,Stan拿绰号来嘲笑作者。后来在一次游戏活动中，作者帮助了Stan。Stan 以为作者会给他取绰号，但作者知道被人嘲笑的感觉，并没有这样做。通过作者对待Stan的态度，让我们体会到“己所不欲，勿施于人”。故选D。
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
The
spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and
the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David
Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined
information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet
affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as
nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more
people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.
The
Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people
began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at
greater risk of non－infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.
Unfortunately
when people adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health
problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where
the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one per cent to 10
per cent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20－year period.
And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.
And,
a diet bad for human beings, is also bad for the environment. As the world's
population grows, more forests and tropical(热带的) areas will become farmland for
crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in
the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of
transportation right now.
Mr
Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health "a
trilemma":
a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving
the Western diet behind.
8．We can infer from the passage that________.
A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases
B．Overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases
C．The examined information comes from developing countries
D．Industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet
9．According to the passage, more greenhouse gases might be given off in the future from________.
A．transportation B．developing countries
C．agriculture D．developed countries
10．David Tilman believes that________.
A．The diet, the environment and human health are closely connected
B．The Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes
C．People in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease
D．Traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet
11．What's the main purpose of writing the passage
A．To call on us to protect the environment.
B．To warn us of the danger of the Western diet.
C．To remind us of the importance of health.
D．To advise us to have a balanced diet.
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．A
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害，因此，专家建议把西方的饮食抛在身后。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化), the population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.”他发现，随着国家工业化、人口增长和收入增加，越来越多的人开始采用所谓的西方饮食。可推断出，工业化促进了西方饮食的传播。故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“We are likely to have more greenhouse gases in the future from agriculture than those coming out of all forms of transportation right now.”在未来，农业产生的温室气体可能会比现在所有交通方式产生的温室气体还要多。可知，未来农业可能会释放出更多的温室气体。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Mr. Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health ‘a trilemma': a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.”蒂尔曼先生将饮食、环境和人类健康之间的联系称为“三难抉择”:一个提供了艰难选择的问题。他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。可此推知，David Tilman相信饮食、环境与人类健康息息相关。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment”西方饮食习惯在世界各地的传播对人类健康和环境有害；以及最后一段中的“He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.”他说，一个可能的解决办法是把西方饮食抛在身后。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们西方饮食的危险。故选B。
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读理解
Electrical
devices(仪器)could soon use power made by human energy. Scientists say they have
developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical
movement of a person walking , British scientist Max Donelan and other
scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The
device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks , the device captures
energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the
slowing down movement of the leg, the movements of the walking person push
parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult
walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan
says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop
computer for six minutes.
There
are several possible uses for the device. Developers say it could help people
who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device
could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers(起博器), it could even
be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.
The
experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but
it is too costly for most people to buy, but the researchers hope to make a
lighter, less costly version. An improved version should be ready in one year.
The
developers hope the device will one day help developing countries; nearly
twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.
A
similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of
Pennsylvania, He created a bag carried on a person's back that also produces
power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the
bag, but the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty
kilograms.
12．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.
A．who developed the device
B．how the device works
C．several possible uses for the devices
D．how much electricity the device can produce
13．What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device
A．It is too heavy for the walker to bear
B．It is too complex for people to use
C．It is too expensive for most people to afford
D．It will slow down one's walking speed
14．Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome, this new device ________.
A．produces power without adding more loads to the walker
B．can produce more power in a much shorter time
C．needs to be equipped with a battery
D．can help the walker walk faster
15．What would be the best title for the passage________.
A．First device powered by walking will soon be on the market
B．Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers
C．Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking
D．Human energy will become a main source of electricity
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．A
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的装备让我们步行也可以发电，以及这种装置的工作原理等。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“The device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this , the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg.”该设备连接到人的膝盖。 当人走路时，该设备会在人每次减速时捕获能量。 为此，该设备有助于减缓腿部的播种运动。可知本段主要讲述的是这个机器是如何运转工作的，故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"but it is too costly for most people to buy"但对大多数人来说太贵了，故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段 中的“The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag. But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.” 可知，Larry Rome 设计的仪器生产的电量不多却需要人们负重20到30千克；以及第四段中的 “The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms”该设备的实验版重约一公斤半 可知，新仪器重量只有大约1.5千克，所以两者对比可知，新设备不用让步行者负重更多，故选A。
15．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了科学家们新开发的通过走路即可产生能量的新仪器。“仪器为健走活动赋予了新意义”符合文章的主要内容，可用作本文标题，故选C。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong
Are you new to experiencing relationships Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.
Be an honest person with them. 　16． 　 Don't be afraid to say things that isn't very flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If there's no trust, there's nothing there. So please be honest and they'll learn to open up to you.
Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isn't just simply treating her or him nicely. There's a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking. 　17． 　Don't just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
　18． 　 Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.
Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, joke with them. Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. 　19． 　
Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if it's something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. 　20． 　 It's important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up.
A. Show them your personality.
B. Do not hide things from them, do not lie.
C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.
D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
E. You can neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F. Basically, learn to study your partners' moods, wants and needs.
G. If they did something that made you upset, tell them about it in a respectful manner
【答案】16．B；17．F；18．C；19．D；20．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何让关系更健康和持久。1、对他人诚实；2、确保你是值得依赖的；3、保持幽默感很重要，因为开心是幸福的关键；4、要注意交流的方式方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“ Be an honest person with them. ”在他们面前做一个诚实的人。B. Do not hide things from them, do not lie.“不要向他们隐瞒，也不要说谎”，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前“ You have to learn to adjust to their liking. ”你得学会适应他们的喜好；以及空后“ Don't just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well.”不要只考虑你自己，也要考虑你的伴侣需要什么。 F. Basically, learn to study your partners' moods, wants and needs.“基本上，学会研究你伴侣的情绪、欲望和需求”，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空后“ Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. ”总是愿意帮助他们，同时给他们诚实和积极的态度。C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.“确保你在鼓励你的伴侣”，引出下文，符合语境，故选C。
19． 根据空前“ Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. ”笑可能看起来很傻，但它是生活中许多事情的秘密。它会让火花继续燃烧。D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.“笑声能让你们的关系更加牢固和持久”，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空后前“ It's important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up. ”，重要的是与他们沟通，而不是闷在心里。G. If they did something that made you upset, tell them about it in a respectful manner“如果他们做了什么让你不高兴的事，礼貌地告诉他们”，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
三、完型填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
just ended a six year relationship. I found myself alone, feeling 21． ,
often with an empty room for company (陪伴) on weekends. For the first time, I
wondered if I had a mental 22． .
After
weeks of feeling 23． and sitting on my sofa crying, I decided to
take action to turn my 24． around. I realized I didn't have disease. I
just hadn't been meeting my basic needs in a 25． and balanced way.
After
taking action to 26． a new diploma (文凭), I reflected (思考) on how
much better after I was meeting my basic needs, and how happy and 27． I felt as a result. I also recognized that I
was meeting the 28． in a new way. People were amazed when I told
them what I was 29． .
Seven
years later, I never 30． the basic need. At the moment I am 31． for my third marathon. People tell me how 32． I am when I am running. I feel very happy, so
I look after my body better. I have achieved a goal, and I go on to do
something 33． with my time to meet other needs.
My
dear friends, as we head into the New Year, I'd like to 34． you to spend an evening together, 35． some music you enjoy, look at each of the
different needs and check how well you are 36． each one of your needs. If you do not meet a
need fully, don't worry. Worry is useless. 37． , think about what action you can take
to improve this 38． and write down some steps to achieve that. Like
me with my 39． ,
you may find that while meeting one need, you end up meeting others 40． as a result.
21．A．excited B．lonely C．curious D．joyful
22．A．enjoyment B．energy C．determination D．disease
23．A．helpless B．cheerful C．fortunate D．content
24．A．body B．sofa C．life D．title
25．A．strange B．broad C．healthy D．traditional
26．A．get B．make C．sell D．mend
27．A．alone B．awake C．asleep D．alive
28．A．condition B．need C．stranger D．friend
29．A．studying B．buying C．teaching D．missing
30．A．forget B．misunderstand C．ruin D．gain
31．A．reporting B．searching C．training D．watching
32．A．confident B．troublesome C．intelligent D．tiresome
33．A．generous B．unimportant C．violent D．positive
34．A．allow B．invite C．order D．employ
35．A．put off B．put away C．put down D．put on
36．A．attracting B．meeting C．knowing D．remembering
37．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Besides
38．A．story B．music C．design D．situation
39．A．boyfriend B．marathon C．sickness D．failure
40．A．humorously B．painfully C．naturally D．violently
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．A；24．C；25．C；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．A；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．C
【知识点】夹叙夹议；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自己所经历的失恋痛苦，到后来通过实际行动改变自己的生活，告诉我们一个道理：我们要平衡自己，用积极的行动去满足我们不同的基本需求。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我发现自己独自一人，感觉很孤独，周末常常有空房间陪我。A：excited“兴奋的'；B：lonely”孤独的“；‘C：curious”好奇的“；D：joyful ”快乐的“。根据空前”I found myself alone“可知，作者感到孤独。故选B。
22．句意：第一次，我想知道我是否有精神上的疾病。A：enjoyment”快乐“；B：energy”精力“；C：determination”决定“；D：disease”疾病“。根据下文的”I realized I didn't have disease“可知，作者怀疑自己得了心理疾病。故选D。
23．句意：几周来我感到无助，坐在沙发上哭泣，我决定采取行动扭转我的生活。A：helpless”无助的“；B：cheerful”快乐的“；C：fortunate”幸运的'；D：content “满意的”。根据空后“sitting on my sofa crying”可知，作者感到无助，所以哭泣。故选A。
24．句意：几周来我感到无助，坐在沙发上哭泣，我决定采取行动扭转我的生活。A：body“身体”；B：sofa“沙发”；C：life“生活”；D：title“标题”。根据语境可知，此处指作者对现在生活不满，决心采取行动扭转自己的生活。故选C。
25．句意：我只是没有以一种健康和平衡的方式满足我的基本需求。A：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；B：broad“宽阔的”；C：healthy“健康的”；D：traditional “传统的”。根据上文“I realized I didn't have disease”可知，作者没病，只是没有健康平衡地满足自己的基本需求。故选C。
26．句意：在采取行动拿到一张新的文凭后，我开始反思，在满足了我的基本需求之后，我感觉自己有多幸福和充满活力。A：get“得到”；B：make“使……”；C：sell“卖”；D：mend “修理”。根据空后“a new diploma”可知，此处指作者得到了一张新的文凭。故选A。
27．句意：在采取行动拿到一张新的文凭后，我开始反思，在满足了我的基本需求之后，我感觉自己有多幸福和充满活力。A：alone“独自的”；B：awake“清醒的“；C：asleep”睡着的“；D：alive ”有活力的“。根据空前”how much better after I was meeting my basic needs， and how happy“可知，在满足需求后，作者感到快乐和活力。故选D。
28．句意：我也意识到我正在以一种新的方式满足需要。A：condition”条件‘；B：need“需要”；C：stranger“陌生人“；D：friend”朋友“。根据上文的”how much better after I was meeting my basic needs, and how happy“可知，此处指满足需求，故选B。
29．句意：当我告诉人们我在学什么时，他们都很惊讶。A：studying”学习“；B：buying”买“；C：teaching”教育“；D：missing ”想念“。根据上文的”After taking action to 6 a new diploma“可知，作者是去学习了。故选A。
30．句意：我永远不会忘记最基本的需要。A：forget”忘记“；B：misunderstand”误解“；C：ruin”摧毁“；D：gain ”得到“。根据下文作者进行第三次马拉松，一直为目标奋斗追赶，可知作者没有停下对自己需求的追求，说明作者不会忘记自己最基本的需要。故选A。
31．句意：目前我正在为我的第三次马拉松训练。A：reporting”报道“；B：searching”寻找“；C：training”训练“；D：watching”看“。根据空后”for my third marathon．“可知，此处指作者在为第三次马拉松训练。故选C。
32．句意：人们告诉我我跑步时有多自信。A：confident”有信心的“；B：troublesome”麻烦的“；C：intelligent”聪明的“；D：tiresome ”讨厌的“。根据下文的”I have achieved a goal“可知，作者已实现一个目标，所以跑的时候非常自信。故选A。
33．句意：我已经实现了一个目标，我继续用我的时间去做一些积极的事情来满足其他的需要。A：generous”慷慨的“；B：unimportant”不重要的“；C：violent”暴力的“；D：positive ”积极的“。根据空后” to meet other needs．“可知，作者一直追赶自己的目标，满足自己的需求，说明作者很积极。故选D。
34．句意：亲爱的朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：allow”允许“；B：invite”邀请“；C：order”命令“；D：employ ”利用“。根据空后together可知，可知作者想邀请别人，故选B。
35．句意：亲爱的朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：put off”推迟“；B：put away”收好“；C：put down”放下“；D：put on”放上“。根据空后”some music you enjoy“可知，此处指放上一些喜欢的音乐。故选D。
36．句意：亲爱 朋友们，在我们进入新年之际，我想邀请你们共度一个晚上，放一些你喜欢的音乐，看看每一个不同的需求，看看你们是否满足了每一个需求。A：attracting”吸引“；B：meeting”满足“；C：knowing”知道“；D：remembering ”记得“。根据下文meet a need fully"可知，此处指满足需求，故选B。
37．句意：相反，想想你可以采取什么行动来改善这种状况，并写下实现这一点的一些步骤。A：Moreover”而且“；B： Otherwise”否则“；C：Instead”相反“；D：Besides ”此外“。由上一句"担心是没用的．"和本句可知，前后两句表转折，应用Instead．故选C。
38．句意：相反，想想你可以采取什么行动来改善这种状况，并写下实现这一点的一些步骤。A：story”故事“；B：music”音乐“；C：design”设计“；D：situation ”情况“。根据上文作者失恋之后想改变自己的生活可知，此处指"如果你不能完全满足你的需要，就要采取行动来改善这种状况。故选D。
39．句意：就像我参加马拉松比赛一样，你可能会发现，在满足一个需求的同时，你最终自然会遇到其他人。A：boyfriend”男朋友“；B：marathon”马拉松“；C：sickness”疾病“；‘D：failure ”失败“。由 marathon可知，作者参加了马拉松比赛。故选B。
40．句意：就像我参加马拉松比赛一样，你可能会发现，在满足一个需求的同时，你最终自然会遇到其他人。A：humorously”幽默地“；B：painfully”痛苦地“；C：naturally”自然地“；D：violently ”暴力地“。因为马拉松是一个很多人参加的比赛，所以在比赛中自然会遇见其他人。故选C。
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2021高一下·长垣开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important 　41． 　 (agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops 　42． 　(gather) in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful 　43． 　 the year's supply of food. Today in European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together 　44． 　 (celebrate) over a meal. During the Mid－autumn Festival in China, families usually gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may die out and others may be established. In order to avoid air 　45． 　 (pollute), many big cities have given up 　46． 　 custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits during the typical Chinese Spring festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with business 　47． 　 (take)advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much 　48． 　(easy) for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 　49． 　 some believe festivals should not be commercialized, others believe the increase in spending 　50． 　(be) good for the economy and public happiness.
【答案】41．agricultural；42．have been gathered/are gathered；43．for；44．to celebrate；45．pollution；46．the；47．taking；48．easier；49．While/Although/Though；50．is
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，每种文化都有传统的节日。但是,随着社会的发展,许多传统节日、习俗被取代，被取消，并且节日也变得越来越商业化。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，介词，非谓语动词，名词，冠词，形容词，状语从句，主谓一致以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：这个重要的农业节是在所有的庄稼收齐之后举行的。此处应用形容词修饰名词festival，故填agricultural。
42．句意：这个重要的农业节是在所有的庄稼收齐之后举行的。此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和句意判断为一般现在时或者现在完成时，主语crops 和gather 之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态或者现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been gathered/are gathered。
43．句意：人们庆祝以表示他们对这一年的食物供应表示感谢。be grateful for，固定短语，“对……感激”，故填for。
44．句意：现在，在欧洲的国家，人们用花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅，然后聚在一起通过吃饭来庆祝。此处应用不定式表目的，故填to celebrate。
45．句意：为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了在典型的中国春节期间燃放鞭炮驱邪的习俗。此处应用名词作为avoid的宾语，airpollution“空气污染”，不可数名词，故填pollution。
46．句意：为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了在典型的中国春节期间燃放鞭炮驱邪的习俗。此处特指“燃放烟花爆竹来赶走恶灵的习俗”，应用定冠词表示特指，故填the。
47．句意：节日变得越来越商业化，商业利用了庆祝活动。此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语business和动词短语take advantageof之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填taking。
48．句意：在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易为亲人购买礼物。此处应用形容词作宾补，由much和下文的more判断用比较级，故填easier。
49．句意：虽然有些人认为节日不应商业化，但另一些人认为增加支出有利于经济和公众幸福。此处用连词while/ though/ although"尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，故填While/ Though/ Although。
50．句意：虽然有些人认为节日不应商业化，但另一些人认为增加支出有利于经济和公众幸福。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主语the increase in spending是单数，由believe判断为一般现在时，故填is。
五、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51．（2021高一下·长垣开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共
有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Four
months ago I am walking on the campus when I heard two students saying that Mrs.
Wu, whom had been teaching us English for two years, would retire the next
month.
I
returned to the classroom and shared the news for my classmates. To express our
thanks to Mrs. Wu for her patient teaching, we agreed on a celebrate after a
heated discussion.
After school we began to make fully preparations. I went to the flower shop, where I bought a bunch of flowers. represents our love and respect for our dear teacher. One of my classmates had some PowerPoint slides make, which included a number of photo recording the touching moments we spent together.
When
she came into the classroom on Wednesday morning, and all of us stood up. I
presented the flowers to her. With tears in her eyes. Mrs. Wu greatly moved by
what we did! She said her feelings were beyond words.
【答案】①am →was ②whom →who ③for →with ④celebrate →celebration ⑤fully →full ⑥represents →representing ⑦make →made ⑧photo →photos ⑨去掉all前的and ⑩Wu后面加was
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英语老师要退休了，作者和同学们举行了一个庆祝活动，老师很感动。
（1）句意：四个月前，我在校园里散步，听到两个学生说教了我们两年英语的吴老师下个月就要退休了。根据时间状语 Four months ago 可知，本句描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时 was。故am 改为 was。
（2）句意：四个月前，我在校园里散步，听到两个学生说教了我们两年英语的吴老师下个月就要退休了。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词 Mrs. Wu为人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 who 引导。故 whom 改为who。
（3）句意：我回到教室，把这个消息与同学们分享。share sth. with sb. 固定短语。“将某事与某人分享”，故 for 改为 with。
（4）句意：为了感谢吴老师耐心的教导，经过热烈的讨论，我们决定庆祝一下。不定冠词a 后应接可数名词单数，故celebrate 改为celebration。
（5）句意：放学后，我们开始做充分准备。应用形容词修饰 preparations，make full preparations 固定短语“做充分准备”。故 fully 改为full。
（6）句意：我去了花店，在那里我买了一束鲜花，代表我们对敬爱的老师的爱和尊敬。flower 和 represent 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故 represents改为 representing。
（7）句意：我的一个同学做了一些幻灯片，里面有很多照片，记录了我们在一起的感动时刻。have sth. done 固定短语，“做了某事”。故 make 改为 made。
（8）句意：我的一个同学做了一些幻灯片，里面有很多照片，记录了我们在一起的感动时刻。a number of 固定短语，“很多”，后接可数名词复数，photo 为可数名词，故 photo 改为 photos。
（9）句意：当她周三早上走进教室时，我们都站了起来。and 为并列连词，前后连接完整句子，而此处 and 前为 when 引导的时间状语从句，并非完整句子，不符合语法规则。故将 and 删除。
（10）句意：吴老师眼中含着泪水，对我们所做的一切感到非常感动！根据句中的 by 可知，该句为被动句，缺少 be 动词，本句主语为第三人称单数，且为一般过去式，故 be 动词应用 was。故在 Wu之前加 was。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，定语从句，介词，名词，形容词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2021高一下·长垣开学考）假定你是李华，从互联网上得知某国外野生动物保护组织正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员，请写一封电子邮件申请加入。内容主要包括：
1）自我介绍；
2）申请条件(性格、爱好、英语能力等)；
3）参加意图(宣传保护动物的重要性)；
4）希望获准。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I have read the announcement that you posted on the Internet. I would like to work for you as a volunteer. The reasons can be listed as follows.
First, I like animals and I know a lot about wild animals by reading books and watching videos. Besides, I'm easy-going and I can get along with others easily. What's more, I can speak fluent English so that I can communicate with others freely. My purpose is to make more people realize the importance of protecting wild animals. Only in this way can we protect the animals better. I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
I am looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封电子邮件。写作背景：你从互联网上得知某国外野生动物保护组织正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）自我介绍；2）申请条件(性格、爱好、英语能力等)；3）参加意图(宣传保护动物的重要性)；4）希望获准。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China.运用了同位语； I have read the announcement that you posted on the Internet. 运用了限制性定语从句；The reasons can be listed as follows.运用了被动语态；
First, I like animals and I know a lot about wild animals by reading books and watching videos. 运用了并列句；Besides, I'm easy-going and I can get along with others easily. 运用了并列句；What's more, I can speak fluent English so that I can communicate with others freely.运用了目的状语从句； Only in this way can we protect the animals better. 运用了倒装句；I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.运用了I'd appreciate it if...固定句式。
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