人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 (1)Unit 3 Sea Exploration Assessing Your Progress课后检测练（有答案）
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Unit 3 Sea Exploration——Assessing Your Progress
一、单句语法填空
1．Some people don't want good farmland to be built ____．
2．The function of an adjective is ____(describe) or add to the meaning of a noun.
3．The ____(possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
4．It is not always easy ___ (refuse) invitations.
5．They claimed that their ____(opponent) were scheming against them.
二、阅读理解
A
A study has warned that seafood supplies from the world's oceans could be almost gone by the middle of the century.The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.The study says that means their catch has fallen by ninety percent from their highest level.Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia，Canada led the intentional team that did the study.Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at an increasing speed.At this rate he says all seafood species could collapse by 2048.
Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years.Some scientists say parts of the world do have problems but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems.These complex systems help control water quality.The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appears to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty two experiments and observed forty eight protected areas.They also looked at records of catches worldwide.They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization from 1950 to 2003.And they examined archaeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas.That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings are，in his words，“beyond anything we suspected.” But he also says the situation is not too late to correct.He says that with good fisheries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
1．The underlined word “their” in the first paragraph most probably mean ．
A．researchers' B．fishermen's
C．seafoods' D．the oceans'
2．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．All the scientists don't believe that all seafood species will disappear very soon.
B．Most government officials disagree to the seafood disappearing research.
C．Some scientists are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.
D．It's too late to take any action to improve the situation.
3．According to Boris Worm， ．
A．some people are doing a good job of protecting fish populations
B．overfishing is one of the causes for the loss of seafood species
C．things are getting worse though efforts can be made
D．some more species will come into being with right measures
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To call on people to protect the ocean environment.
B．To introduce a study about the disappearing of seafoods.
C．To report different opinions about the seafood research.
D．To criticize the present fisheries management.
B
If you want to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But starting from December, 2017, the new Xi'an－Chengdu high speed railway has shortened this travel time to three hours.
The 643 kilometer line is China's first high speed railway to run through the Qinling Mountains, which form a natural boundary (分界线) between China's north and south. With a speed of 250 km per hour, it's also the first mountain heavy train line to provide a 4G network. Along the way, the train passes through two areas for rare wild animals—one for pandas and the other for crested ibises (朱鹮)．
To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly. There were 345 wild pandas living in the Qinling Mountains. China now has l,864 wild pandas in total, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
To avoid disturbing the pandas, the railway was designed to run through tunnels within the area. Protective shields (防护屏) are placed near the entrance of each tunnel to stop animals from going in.
To protect the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up to make sure the birds will not fly into a train.
The nets are about 32 km long and 4 meters high. Experts tested different shapes and materials for building the nets before making their final choice.
5．From December, 2017, it takes ________ to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by the high speed train.
A．16 hours B．13 hours
C．3 hours D．1 hour
6．Why did people build the railway to be environmentally friendly
A．To save money and energy.
B．To avoid damaging the mountains.
C．To avoid harming the wild animals.
D．To help the train run through tunnels quietly.
7．What are experts using to stop the birds from flying into the train
A．Tunnels. B．Tracks.
C．Protective shields. D．Protective nets.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A．The Xi'an Chengdu high speed railway.
B．How to protect pandas and crested ibises.
C．The Qinling Mountains.
D．Protective shields and nets.
三、概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We often see bullies(恃强凌弱者) on television shows.They like to give people a hard time for no reason at all.They call people names，take their things and make them feel scared over and over again.Bullying can also happen in real life，especially at school.
What causes the bullying？There are many reasons that can cause a child to become a bully.If a child is bullied by his or her parent，that child is likely to imitate this behavior at school，according to The Huffington Post.In addition，a child who has been given too much power at home is also likely to become a bully.The child may believe he or she has the right to bully others at school because he or she is treated like an emperor at home.Some children are also said to become bullies because they have been influenced by violent films and games.They are too young to tell between right and wrong.
School bullying can have a great influence on someone's life.Xi Leng (not her real name) was bullied during her early days at school.Even though she turned 20 this year，she is still affected badly by her experiences during her terrible time at primary school.“I really struggled every day back then，and even thought about killing myself，” Xi wrote on Zhihu，a question and answer website，remembering how her books were covered with graffiti(涂鸦)，and her name was deliberately changed on her homework before it reached the teachers.
In order to solve the problem of school bullying，guidelines were released on Nov.11 by nine government departments，including the Ministry of Education and the Supreme People's Court(最高人民法院)．For example，schools have been told to make students more aware of bullying，to inform students about its consequences and to teach them to protect themselves.In addition，students who have serious problems with their behavior may now be sent to special schools.
一、单句语法填空
1.on
2.to describe
3.possession
4.to refuse
5.opponents
二、阅读理解
1.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段“The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.”可知，their指的是“海产品的”。故选C项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years.”不是所有的人都认为50年内海洋会枯竭。可知并不是所有的科学家都相信所有的海鲜物种都会很快消失。故选A项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.”和最后一段中的“He says that with good fisheries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years”可知，据鲍里斯·沃姆说，过度捕捞是导致海产品物种灭绝的原因之一。故选B项。
4.B 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲的是研究表明过度捕捞会使海产品供应几乎消失，也对海洋环境有影响，由此判断出，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于海产品消失的研究。故选B项。
5．C 考查细节理解。由第一段中的“But starting from December,2017, the new Xi'an Chengdu high speed railway has shortened this travel time to three hours”可知，从2017年12月开始，西安到成都的高铁的开通已使得这段行程的用时缩短到3个小时。
6．C 考查细节理解。由第三段中的“To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly”可知，为了减少铁路对动物的影响，也就是为了避免伤害野生动物，人们建造对环境友善的铁路，故选C。
7．D 考查细节理解。由倒数第二段“To protect the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up to make sure the birds will not fly into a train”可知，为了防止鸟飞入火车，专家设置了保护网，故选D。
8．A 考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了从西安到成都的高铁。为了避免伤害野生动物，专家采用了对环境友善的线路设计，通过各种防护措施来防止动物误入，故选A。
三、概要写作
Bullying happens not only on TV shows but also in real life，at school in particular.A child may become a bully for different reasons，like being bullied by parents，having too much power at home，or watching too much violent films.School bullying has a long lasting and harmful impact on the victim's life.Therefore，the Chinese government has released guidelines to solve the problem of school bullying.
第10页（共10页）
一、单句语法填空
1．Some people don't want good farmland to be built ____．
2．The function of an adjective is ____(describe) or add to the meaning of a noun.
3．The ____(possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
4．It is not always easy ___ (refuse) invitations.
5．They claimed that their ____(opponent) were scheming against them.
二、阅读理解
A
A study has warned that seafood supplies from the world's oceans could be almost gone by the middle of the century.The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.The study says that means their catch has fallen by ninety percent from their highest level.Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia，Canada led the intentional team that did the study.Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at an increasing speed.At this rate he says all seafood species could collapse by 2048.
Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years.Some scientists say parts of the world do have problems but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems.These complex systems help control water quality.The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appears to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty two experiments and observed forty eight protected areas.They also looked at records of catches worldwide.They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization from 1950 to 2003.And they examined archaeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas.That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings are，in his words，“beyond anything we suspected.” But he also says the situation is not too late to correct.He says that with good fisheries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
1．The underlined word “their” in the first paragraph most probably mean ．
A．researchers' B．fishermen's
C．seafoods' D．the oceans'
2．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．All the scientists don't believe that all seafood species will disappear very soon.
B．Most government officials disagree to the seafood disappearing research.
C．Some scientists are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.
D．It's too late to take any action to improve the situation.
3．According to Boris Worm， ．
A．some people are doing a good job of protecting fish populations
B．overfishing is one of the causes for the loss of seafood species
C．things are getting worse though efforts can be made
D．some more species will come into being with right measures
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To call on people to protect the ocean environment.
B．To introduce a study about the disappearing of seafoods.
C．To report different opinions about the seafood research.
D．To criticize the present fisheries management.
B
If you want to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But starting from December, 2017, the new Xi'an－Chengdu high speed railway has shortened this travel time to three hours.
The 643 kilometer line is China's first high speed railway to run through the Qinling Mountains, which form a natural boundary (分界线) between China's north and south. With a speed of 250 km per hour, it's also the first mountain heavy train line to provide a 4G network. Along the way, the train passes through two areas for rare wild animals—one for pandas and the other for crested ibises (朱鹮)．
To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly. There were 345 wild pandas living in the Qinling Mountains. China now has l,864 wild pandas in total, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
To avoid disturbing the pandas, the railway was designed to run through tunnels within the area. Protective shields (防护屏) are placed near the entrance of each tunnel to stop animals from going in.
To protect the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up to make sure the birds will not fly into a train.
The nets are about 32 km long and 4 meters high. Experts tested different shapes and materials for building the nets before making their final choice.
5．From December, 2017, it takes ________ to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by the high speed train.
A．16 hours B．13 hours
C．3 hours D．1 hour
6．Why did people build the railway to be environmentally friendly
A．To save money and energy.
B．To avoid damaging the mountains.
C．To avoid harming the wild animals.
D．To help the train run through tunnels quietly.
7．What are experts using to stop the birds from flying into the train
A．Tunnels. B．Tracks.
C．Protective shields. D．Protective nets.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A．The Xi'an Chengdu high speed railway.
B．How to protect pandas and crested ibises.
C．The Qinling Mountains.
D．Protective shields and nets.
三、概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We often see bullies(恃强凌弱者) on television shows.They like to give people a hard time for no reason at all.They call people names，take their things and make them feel scared over and over again.Bullying can also happen in real life，especially at school.
What causes the bullying？There are many reasons that can cause a child to become a bully.If a child is bullied by his or her parent，that child is likely to imitate this behavior at school，according to The Huffington Post.In addition，a child who has been given too much power at home is also likely to become a bully.The child may believe he or she has the right to bully others at school because he or she is treated like an emperor at home.Some children are also said to become bullies because they have been influenced by violent films and games.They are too young to tell between right and wrong.
School bullying can have a great influence on someone's life.Xi Leng (not her real name) was bullied during her early days at school.Even though she turned 20 this year，she is still affected badly by her experiences during her terrible time at primary school.“I really struggled every day back then，and even thought about killing myself，” Xi wrote on Zhihu，a question and answer website，remembering how her books were covered with graffiti(涂鸦)，and her name was deliberately changed on her homework before it reached the teachers.
In order to solve the problem of school bullying，guidelines were released on Nov.11 by nine government departments，including the Ministry of Education and the Supreme People's Court(最高人民法院)．For example，schools have been told to make students more aware of bullying，to inform students about its consequences and to teach them to protect themselves.In addition，students who have serious problems with their behavior may now be sent to special schools.
一、单句语法填空
1.on
2.to describe
3.possession
4.to refuse
5.opponents
二、阅读理解
1.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段“The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished seafoods.”可知，their指的是“海产品的”。故选C项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years.”不是所有的人都认为50年内海洋会枯竭。可知并不是所有的科学家都相信所有的海鲜物种都会很快消失。故选A项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments.”和最后一段中的“He says that with good fisheries management，some species could completely recover in three to ten years”可知，据鲍里斯·沃姆说，过度捕捞是导致海产品物种灭绝的原因之一。故选B项。
4.B 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲的是研究表明过度捕捞会使海产品供应几乎消失，也对海洋环境有影响，由此判断出，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于海产品消失的研究。故选B项。
5．C 考查细节理解。由第一段中的“But starting from December,2017, the new Xi'an Chengdu high speed railway has shortened this travel time to three hours”可知，从2017年12月开始，西安到成都的高铁的开通已使得这段行程的用时缩短到3个小时。
6．C 考查细节理解。由第三段中的“To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly”可知，为了减少铁路对动物的影响，也就是为了避免伤害野生动物，人们建造对环境友善的铁路，故选C。
7．D 考查细节理解。由倒数第二段“To protect the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up to make sure the birds will not fly into a train”可知，为了防止鸟飞入火车，专家设置了保护网，故选D。
8．A 考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了从西安到成都的高铁。为了避免伤害野生动物，专家采用了对环境友善的线路设计，通过各种防护措施来防止动物误入，故选A。
三、概要写作
Bullying happens not only on TV shows but also in real life，at school in particular.A child may become a bully for different reasons，like being bullied by parents，having too much power at home，or watching too much violent films.School bullying has a long lasting and harmful impact on the victim's life.Therefore，the Chinese government has released guidelines to solve the problem of school bullying.
第10页（共10页）