(共17张PPT)
Grammar:
Infinitives
八下 U1
What is “to be”
predicate
谓语
non-predicate
非谓语
What is “not to be”
1
2
negative 否定式
to do
Introduction
1
How do we use infinitives
1. Three teenagers offered ______ (do) some
volunteer work.
2. Cindy wanted _______ (paint) a picture of the
park.
3. We need ______( to help) the children.
to do
to paint
to help
Usage 1: Used as object 作宾语
verb
object
How do we use infinitives
1. We taught the children______ (tell) stories.
2. Mark taught the children _______ (sing).
3. My parents expect me ______(go) to an ideal school.
to tell
to sing
to go
4. My mother lets me _______ (play) football after school.
5.Have you ever heard him _______ (tell) a lie
play
tell
Usage 2: Used as object complement 作宾补
bare/zero infinitives
object
object complement
where
how
what
which
who
when
verbs
question words
to infinitives
to go
to do
to read
to say
to stop
etc.
e.g. I can’t decide what to do next.
Usage 1: Used as object 作宾语
Usage 2: Used as object complement 作宾补
Can you tell me when to stop
How do we use infinitives
1. She came _________(collect) her books.
2. He bought flowers___________ (decorate) his room.
3. Jack got up early _______ (catch) the first bus.
to collect
to decorate
to catch
Usage 3: Used as adverb (of purpose) 作目的状语
4. She wore a heavy coat ______________ (keep) warm.
5. She arrived early ______________ (get) a good seat.
in order to keep
in order to get
Why
How do we use infinitives
1. ______ (talk) with him is a great pleasure.
2. _______ (learn) a new language is helpful.
3. ________ (swim) in the sea is dangerous.
To talk
To learn
1. ______a great pleasure _______ with him.
2. ______ helpful ________ a new language.
3. ______ dangerous ________ in the sea.
Usage 4: Used as subject 作主语
To swim
It is
to talk
It is
to learn
It is
to swim
Summary
2
3
2
1
Used as object
作宾语
Used as object complement
作宾补
Usage 3: Used as adverb
(of purpose) 作目的状语
Usages of Infinitives
4
Usage 4: Used as subject
作主语
Exercises
3
I. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the given words.
1. He has _______________ about the history of his
country. (plan/write)
2. He didn’t have enough money, so he _________________
the bill. (want/Jane/pay)
3. We started our journey early _________ the traffic. (avoid)
4. It is polite ____________ when you have bothered others.
(apologize)
5. John always________________ on the sofa. (let/the
dog/sleep)
planned to write
wanted Jane to pay
to avoid
to apologize
lets the dog sleep
object
object complement
adverb of purpose
It is adj. to do
let sb. do (bare infinitive)
I. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the given words.
6. We______________ outside the cinema at 3p.m.
tomorrow. (agree/meet)
7. ______________ me every day, will you (promise/call)
8. They spoke quietly ____________ the children. (not
wake)
9. The doctor________________ two pills every four
hours. (advise/me/take)
10. _______ the Great Wall is my life-long dream. (visit)
agree to meet
Promise to call
not to wake
advised me to take
To visit
object
object
adverb of purpose
object complement
subject
II. Correct the mistakes in the passage.
Mark and his mother decided meeting
Vivien today. They wanted to helped
her in some way. When they arrived,
Vivien was very happy. She began talk
to Mark about her school. She said, “I
like went to school, but I don’t have
any friends. I feel lonely.”
Mark forgot to bringing the present he
prepared for Vivien, so he promised
saw her again the next time.
to meet
to help
to talk
to go
to bring
to see
Homework
Finish the exercises on page 7, 8 and 9.
Thank you!Teaching Plan for Grammar: Infinitives (沪教牛津版8BU1-2):
学情分析：
授课对象是中学初二学生，学生已经具备基础的英语语法知识，基础较好，学习态度认真，学习热情高。
教学目标：
在本课学习结束时，学生能够：
掌握动词不定式的形式；
掌握动词不定式常见的四种用法；
准确运用动词不定式。
教学过程：
步骤 教学活动 设计意图 时间
Lead-in
Step 1 Teacher shows a quote from the famous play Hamlet by William Shakespeare: “To be, or not to be, that is the question.” Ss get interested into today’s topic. 通过名言引出主题 30’’
Step 2 Teacher asks Ss if they understand the quote. Ss express their understanding freely in class. 激活学生背景知识。 30’’
Step 3 Teacher leads Ss to analyze the pattern “to be” and “not to be” in the previous quote. Ss get the idea of “to+verb (base)=to-infinitive”, which is the topic of today’s lesson. “to do” is the positive form, while “not to do” is the negative form. 带领学生认识不定式：to+动词原形以及它的否定式:not to do 2’
Introduction
Step 3 Usage 1: Used as object Teacher introduces the first usage of infinitives with three example sentences. Let Ss fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. Ss point out the main verb of each sentence and explain what part of speech each given words acts as. Hence the first usage: infinitives used as objects. Teacher then introduces some more common verbs usually followed by infinitives. 通过三个例句，让学生理解不定式的第一个用法：用作宾语。 3’
Step 4 Usage 2: Used as object complement Teacher introduces the second usage of infinitives with three example sentences. Let Ss fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. Ss point out the object of each sentence and explain what part of speech each given words acts as. Hence the second usage: infinitives used as object complements. Teacher then introduces some special cases in this usage: bare infinitives. Some infinitives present themselves without “to” when followed by certain verb. 通过三个例句，让学生理解不定式的第二个用法：用作宾语补足语。 3’
Step 5 Usage 3: Used as adverb of purpose Teacher introduces the third usage of infinitives with three example sentences. Let Ss fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. Ss point out the main verb of each sentence and explain what part of speech each given words acts as. Hence the third usage: infinitives used as adverbs of purpose. Teacher then introduces a common phrase in this usage: in order to. Two more example sentences are to further Ss’ understanding. 通过三个例句，让学生理解不定式的第三个用法：用作目的状语。 3’
Step 6 Usage 4: Used as subject Teacher introduces the fourth usage of infinitives with three example sentences. Let Ss fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. Ss point out what part of speech each given words acts as. Hence the fourth usage: infinitives used as subjects. Teacher then introduces a common sentence pattern in this usage: It is + adj. to do sth. Three more example sentences are to further Ss’ understanding. 通过三个例句，让学生理解不定式的第四个用法：用作主语。 3’
Summary
Step 7 Ss summarize the four usages of infinitives learnt today. Usage 1: used as object Usage 2: used as object complement Usage 3: used as adverb of purpose Usage 4: used as subject 巩固并整合所学内容，学生通过思维导图总结本课所学动词不定式常用的四种用法。 1’
Exercises
Step 8 Ss do exercise I: Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the given words. Teachers explains answers afterwards and let Ss point out the part of speech each infinitive acts as in its sentence. 学生完成练习，更充分理解不定式的用法。 2’
Step 9 Ss do exercise II: Correct the mistakes in the passage. Teacher explains answers afterwards. 2’
Homework
Finish the exercises on page 7, 8 and 9.
