课件48张PPT。选修6PoemsUnit 2She Walks in Beauty Byron She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellow’d to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. ObjectiveThink back and try to remember poems from both your early childhood and more recent years.我们在此处增加本课时重点单词和短语表达部分, 旨在帮助学生在上课前对早读学习的单词及短语进行复习回顾，从而加深记忆。
★ 用一分钟时间对单词进行复习，使学
生在新课学习中没有单词障碍。
★ 通过朗读，使学生熟练掌握单词的正
确发音。
★ 所呈现单词均出自课本单词表中的词
汇。 poetry
tick
rhymen. 诗(总称); 诗意
vt. 给……标记号
n. 韵; 押韵; 押韵的词
vi. & vt. (使)押韵Words reviewWhen we were very young, our mother
or teacher taught us some songs or poems. Do you remember any little poems?
Can you recite (背诵) any little poems?What is a poem?A poem is a composition with rhythmic
balance expressing ideas or experiences
or feelings.A poem is a literary work that is not in verse but deals with emotional or
descriptive themes in a rhythmic form. A poem is a piece of writing in which
the words are arranged in
separate lines, often ending in
rhyme, and are chosen for their
sound and for the images and ideas
they suggest. 诗歌的语言是形象而富有音乐性的语言，
也就是说，它和音乐一样，有鲜明的节
奏感，这是它与其他文学体裁的语言相
区别的重要标志之一。诗歌语言音乐性
的另一个特点是它有优美悦耳的韵律。
英语本身是一种节奏感很强的语言，
它靠重音的出现频率的高低来体现节奏
的快慢。 A Grain of Sand William Blake
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour. Have you read the two poems below? 一粒沙 威廉·布莱克 一沙一世界， 一花一天堂， 掌中无极限， 永恒刹那间。 Dreams
By L. Hughes
Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That can never fly
Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen only with snow梦想
兰斯顿·休斯
紧紧抓住梦想，
千万别让它消亡，
否则生活就像鸟儿断了翅膀，
再也不能飞翔。
紧紧抓住梦想，
千万别让它消亡，
否则生活就像严冬的荒野，
遍地布满冰霜。 How many poets do you
know?
Can you remember any poems
you have read in school, either in Chinese or in English? Quiz in Chinese traditional poemsCan you recite the Chinese traditional poems according to their English translation?Let’s have a competition.If you would ask me how my sorrow has increased,
Just see the over-brimming river flowing east! 虞美人 —— 李煜
问君能有几多愁，
恰似一江春水向东流。How long will the bright moon appear? Wine-cup in hand, I ask the sky.
I do not know what time of year,
It would be tonight in the palace on high.水调歌头 —— 苏轼
明月几时有？把酒问青天。
不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年。I look for her in vain.
When all at once I turn my head,
I find her there where lantern light is dimly shed.青玉案·元夕 —— 辛弃疾
众里寻他千百度，
蓦然回首，
那人却在，
灯火阑珊处。I seek but seek in vain,
I search and search again;
I feel so sad, so drear,
so lonely, without cheer. 声声慢 —— 李清照
寻寻觅觅,
冷冷清清,
凄凄惨惨戚戚。 DiscussionHow do you like poems?
What style of poems do you like?
Can you tell the differences about different forms of Chinese poem? 中国诗的分类 从诗的形式可分为：
古体诗: 古体诗也叫古风, 风格自由, 可以
换韵, 平仄要求也不是很严格, 字数可以不
等。名家的有李白的《将进酒》, 白居易的
《琵琶行》，杜甫的《三吏》,《三别》等。
近体诗: 近体诗也叫格律诗, 风格严谨, 有严
格的韵和平仄的要求。按句的多少可分为4句
的绝句和8句的律诗；按字数的多少又分为五
言诗和七言诗。每两句诗称为一联。 Can you name some famous Chinese poets and then recite their poems?床前明月光，
疑是地上霜。 举头望明月，
低头思故乡。 五言绝句静夜思 李白Brainstorming死去元知万事空，
但悲不见九州同。 王师北定中原日，
家祭无忘告乃翁！ 七言绝句示儿 陆游春眠不觉晓，
处处闻啼鸟。 夜来风雨声，
花落知多少。 五言绝句春晓 孟浩然昔闻洞庭水， 今上岳阳楼。 吴楚东南坼， 乾坤日夜浮。 亲朋无一字， 老病有孤舟。 戎马关山北， 凭轩涕泗流。 五言律诗 登岳阳楼 杜甫 Du Fu Song Dynasty
Fan Zhongyan Tang Dynasty
Meng Haoran Modern
Guo Moruo Tang Dynasty Can you match the poets and their living
periods? Byron (拜伦) America
Emerson (爱默生) England
Shelly (雪莱) England
Tagore (泰戈尔) Germany
Goethe (歌德) India Can you match the poets and their living
countries? Types of English poems:
Epic（史诗） Metrical tale（故事诗）
Ballad（民谣） Lyric （抒情诗）
Dramatic poems（戏剧诗）
Didactic poems（说理诗）
Parody（模仿诗）Clerihews（打油诗）Can you name some forms of English poems? BrainstormingClerihews （打油诗）
写打油诗的规则：
一首诗包含四句。
第一和第二句押韵，第三和第四句押韵。
第一句以人名结尾，第二句以和人名押
韵的词结尾。 Clerihews （打油诗）
Our art teacher, Mr Shaw,
Really knows how to draw.
But his awful paintings,
Have caused many faintings.Meeting At Night by Robert Browning
The grey sea and the long black land; And the yellow half-moon large and low; And the startled little waves that leap In fiery ringlets from their sleep, As I gain the cove with pushing prow, And quench its speed i' the slushy sand.Can you find any characteristics of
the poems below?I Travelled Among Unknown Men
by William Wordsworth I travelled among unknown men, In lands beyond the sea; Nor England! Did I know till then What love I bore to thee. This Little Bag by Jane Austen
This little bag I hope will prove To be not vainly made — For, if you should a needle want It will afford you aid. And as we are about to part T'will serve another end, For when you look upon the Bag You'll recollect your friend Can you find any characteristics of
poems given above?
Poems have beats. They may rhyme or may not rhyme — but they have to have rhythms (节奏).
This beat is not always obvious, but it’s usually there.poempoetpoetryrhymerhythmrhythmicDo you know the English translation of the words below?Let’s listen to an English song.Twinkle, twinkle, little star!
How I wonder what you are,
Up above the world so high,
Like a diamond in the sky. Can you find something like a poem?Twinkle, twinkle, little star
How I wonder what you are
Up above the world so high
Like a diamond in the skyRhyme like a poem!Rhyme and rhythm are essential
to poetry. Without rhythm, there wouldn’t be poems.构成一个韵节的四种情况:
强+弱, 强+弱弱, 弱+强, 弱+强 唐诗分五言,七言。根据韵节来分
英诗可分为单韵诗、双韵诗、三韵诗……至八韵诗。Pick an apple,
Pick a pear,
Pick a banana over there.
Let’s work, and let’s play,
Picking apples every day!A rhymeLet’s enjoy an English poem in the form of a song: Do-Re-Me and try to find out the rhymes and the rhythm.People write poems
to tell a story
to express feelings
to make others laugh
to tell the life or friendship
to delight the kids
to describe the seasons or scenes
as the lyric of a song … Why do people write poems?People from different countries write
different kinds of poems.
Do you have a favourite poem in Chinese?
Do you have a favourite poem in English?
Why is it your favourite poem?DiscussionFamous English poems AppreciationOde to the west wind Shelley
If winter comes,
can spring be far behind?西风颂 雪莱
冬天来了,
春天还会远吗?Do you know these famous poems below?What language is thine, O sea?
The language of eternal question.
What language is thy answer, O sky?
The language of eternal silence.
From Stray Birds of Tagore “海水呀，你说的是什么？” “是永恒的疑问。” “天空呀，你回答的话是什么？” “是永恒的沉默。”
——泰戈尔《飞鸟集》Homework Look up the new words
and expressions of the
Reading in the dictionary.
2. Preview the reading material:
A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF
ENGLISH POEMS 课件81张PPT。选修6Before the classYou are supposed to be engaged in the material and in whatever it is that we are discussing in class, not necessarily thinking about getting down every word that I say.I’d like you to take active notes rather than passive notes. Write down what can make you feel or learn something.Better attention, better understanding of the material if you are actively engaged.Better attention, better understanding of the material if you are actively engaged.You are supposed to be engaged in the material and in whatever it is that we are discussing in class, not necessarily thinking about getting down every word that I say.I’d like you to take active notes rather than passive notes. Write down what can make you feel or learn something.Unit 2 ReadingA FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF
ENGLISH POEMSRead the explanation and speak out the word it explains.a place where young children and babies are taken care of while their parents are at work to express a thought, feeling or idea so that it is understood by other people; to take or carry someone or sth. to a particular place n. 托儿所 vt. 传达; 运送conveynursery adj. 具体的concreteclear and certain, or real and existing in a form that can be seen or felt an extremely hard valuable stone which is used in jewellery, and in industry for cutting hard things; a shape with four straight sides of equal length, forming two opposite angles which are wide and two which are narrow adj. 引起矛盾的; 好反驳的contradictoryIf two or more facts, pieces of advice, etc. are contradictory, they are very different from each other n. 钻石; 菱形diamondn. 模式; 式样; 图案patternadj. 灵活的; 可弯曲的; 柔顺的flexibleable to change or be changed easily according to the situation; able to bend or to be bent easily without breaking the regular way in which sth. happens or is done; a regular arrangement of lines, shapes, colours, etc. as a design on material, carpets, etc. a small grey-brown bird which is esp. common in towns n. 麻雀sparrowvi. & vt. 取笑; 招惹; 戏弄teaseadj. 含盐的; 咸的saltyto laugh at someone or say unkind things about them, either because you are joking or because you want to upset them tasting of salt n. 村舍; 小屋cottagea small house, esp. in the country sth. which is translated, or the process of translating sth., from one language to another minimumn. 最低限度; 最少量; 最小数n. 翻译; 译文translationthe smallest amount or number allowed or possible adj. 无穷的; 无止境的endlessnever finishing, or seeming never to finish branchn. 枝条；支流；部门one of the parts of a tree that grows out from the main trunk and has leaves, flowers or fruit on it; a part of a river or road that leaves the main part; one of the offices or groups that form part of a large business organization to change the form of sth.; to completely change the appearance or character of sth., esp. so that it is better eventuallyadv. 最后; 终于in the end, esp. after a long time or a lot of effort, problems, etc. vi. & vt. 转化; 转换; 改造; 变换transform nursery rhyme
take it easy
run out of
be made up of
in particular很简单
由……构成
轻松; 不紧张; 从容
童谣
用完
尤其; 特别Match1. To summarize and remember the
main idea of the passage.
2. To appreciate some English poems.
3. To learn some useful words, expressions
and patterns in the passage.ObjectivesWords:
concrete, contradictory, flexible, tease, endless, translation, eventually, transform
Expressions:
take it easy, run out of, be made up of, in particular
Patterns:
There are various reasons why …
One of the simplest kinds of …Focus onSkimming
to get
general ideasSkim the poems on pages 10 and 11 and fill in
the form on page 9.√√√√√√√Reading Comprehension ISkimming√√√√√√√Five kinds of poemsNursery rhymesCinquain List poemsHaiku Tang poemsHow many forms of poems are mentioned in the text? What are they?Reading Comprehension IISkimmingCareful reading
to solve
difficult pointsconvey vt. 传达; 运送Please convey my apologies to your wife.
请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。
Body language conveys much more information than language spoken.take it easy
relax and avoid working too hard
松散, 松懈
2) used to tell a person not to worry
放心, 别着急
Take it easy. It’s not a serious problem.?
别着急, 这问题并不严重。run out of 用完
He has run out of red ink.?
他的红墨水用完了。
We ran out of fuel.
我们把燃料用完了。
We’ve run out of petrol. What a bore!?
我们的汽油用完了。真麻烦!Tips for teacherLet the word fly 板块是帮助学生学习一些一词多义、熟词生义的词汇。通过此环节，学生可以对一些常见词的用法、意思有一个全面的了解。在翻译过程中体会词汇使用的丰富多彩。Let the word flyThe reading of all good books is like a
conversation with the finest men of past
centuries. 读好书如同与世上的先杰交谈。名言警句读一读with与其忍辱偷生，不如光荣而死。 Better?die?with?honor?than?live?with?shame.Better?master?one?than?engage?with?ten.会十事，不如精一事。with是英语中比较活跃的一个介词。它词义多，用法广泛。 试着翻译下面的英文，注意单词with的用法。talk with a friend
a country with a long history
serve the people with one's whole heart
Handle with care!小心轻放!全心全意地为人民服务历史悠久的国家与朋友谈话change with the temperature
increase with years
tea with sugar
sleep with the window open
shake with cold开着窗睡觉冷得发抖逐年增加加糖的茶水随着温度而变化活学活用从上面给出的例句中我们可以看到小小介词with与不同词搭配会产生丰富的含义。大家还知道哪些与with相关的搭配呢？请选择几个进行造句或对话练习。Scanning
to get
detail informationRead Poems A-H, and then answer the questions.Reading Comprehension IIIScanningWhat is the baby’s father going to buy if the mirror gets broken?
What is the baby’s father going to do if the goat runs away?Read poem A and answer these questions.AIf the mirror gets broken, the baby’s
father will buy a billy-goat instead.He’s going to buy the baby another billy-goat.Nursery rhymesAn apple a day Sends the doctor away
Apple in the morning Doctor's warning
Roast apple at night Starves the doctor outright
Eat an apple going to bed Knock the doctor on the head
Three each day,
seven days a week Ruddy apple,
ruddy cheek Enjoy a nursery rhymeAn Apple A DayTraditional rhymes which are passed on
to children while they are still of nursery
age. Though the oral tradition of nursery
rhymes is ancient, the largest number
date from the 16th, 17th, and (most
frequently) 18th centuries. Apparently
most rhymes were originally
for adults, many as popular songs. Nursery rhymesBRead poem B.
What’s the main idea of poem B?Poem B is an amusing nonsense poem which describes images of some ridiculous things.List poemsRead poem C.
What’s the main idea of poem C?Poem C is about losing a football match and the writer lists a lot of excuses for their failure.Why didn’t the players in poem C win? Write down three excuses that the author gives. Does the author really believe his or her excuses? How do you know?CThey didn’t win because they didn’t have enough time; they didn’t have thousands of fans screaming; they stayed up too late the night before; they ran out of energy.
The author doesn’t believe his or her excuses, because at the end of the poem the speaker admits that they just did
not play well enough to win.A list poem is one of the easiest kinds of
poems to write because it can have as
many lines as the writer likes. But that
doesn't mean you should write down
anything. Here's a list of elements that
make a list poem instead of just a list:
The writer is telling you something —
pointing something out — saying, "Look
at this" or "Think about this".How to Write a List Poem2) There's a beginning and an end to it,
like in a story.
3) Each item in the list is written the same
way. Here's an example of a list
poem about a noisy brother. My Noisy Brother
He slurps when he eats cereal in the morning. He gargles milk. He burps after eating. He cracks his knuckles. He whistles. He snaps his fingers. He squawks when he's mad. He snores at night. Brother
Beautiful, athletic,
Teasing, shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine DWhat’s the main idea of poem D?Poem D is a description of a lovely brother.Cinquain Bother
Beautiful, athletic
Teasing, shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine------a word------a noun------2 adjectives------3 verbs------4 wordsSummer
Sleepy, salty
Drying, drooping, dreading
Week in, week out
EndlessEWhat’s the main idea of poem E?Poem D is a description of hot and boring summer.Poem D: his / her brother
Poem D: The author likes his subject. Although the speaker describes a couple of negative aspects of his / her brother, the reader can feel the affection that the speaker feels for his / her brother. What are poems D and E about?
Do the authors like the subjects?
Give your reasons.Poem E: summer
Poem E: The author doesn’t like his subject. The reader gets the feeling that the speaker cannot wait until the summer is over. The words drooping, dreading, week in, week out and endless convey this feeling.The cinquain based on the Japanese
haiku is made up of five lines and has the
following structure:
Line 1: a noun that names the subject of
the poem
Line 2: two adjectives that describe the
subject
Line 3: three verbs ending with –ing that
describe the subject’s actionsCinquain Line 4: four words that give the writer's
opinions or feelings about the
subject
Line 5: a word that gives another name
for the subjectHave you remembered the structure of the cinquain? Fill in the chart below to answer the number and the relevant information of each line.one word (subject or noun) two words (adjectives) that
describe line 1 three words (action verbs) that
relate to line 1 four words (feelings or a complete
sentence) that relate to line 1 one word (synonym of line 1 or
a word that sums it up) A fallen blossom
Is coming back to the branch.
Look, a butterfly!FWhat’s the main idea of poem F?Poem F describes how a butterfly rests on a tree.Haiku Snow having melted,
The whole village is brimful
Of happy children.GWhat’s the main idea of poem G?Poem G describes that the weather is warmer and the village is full of happy children.Haiku is a form of Japanese lyric
verse that encapsulates a single impression
of a natural object or scene, within a
particular season, in 17 syllables
arranged in three unrhymed lines of five,
seven, and five syllables. Haiku Where she awaits her husband On and on the river flows.
Never looking back, Transformed into stone.
Day by day upon the mountain top, wind and rain revolve.
Should the traveller return, this stone would utter speech.HTang poems A. 蝶恋花
B. 竹枝词
C. 望夫石
D. 一剪梅Do you know the Chinese title of
this poem?望夫石 王建
望夫处，
江悠悠，
化为石，
不回头。
山头日日风复雨，
行人归来石应语。Do you know the Chinese version of poem H?A woman’s husband has gone away. The woman waits for him by the river where she last saw him. She waits and waits, never moving from that spot and never speaking, while the river continues to flow and the wind and rain come and go.What is the story that poem H tells?
Tell the story in your own words.Circle the words expressing feelings. What feelings do you think the woman in poem H has? Give your reasons.
loneliness joy
love trust anger
hate sorrowThe woman has the feelings of:
Loneliness: she was alone watching her husband on the mountain top.
Love: she waited year after year despite wind and rain.
Trust: she believed her husband would come back one day.
Sorrow: year after year, she waited and waited without seeing any hope of her husband’s coming back, she was very sad.Tang poemsWhen translated into English, Tang poems have a free form and do not rhyme. They have strong imagery and are often about the bringing together of opposites, for example, the small is contrasted with the large, and the temporary with the eternal.Strong rhythm and rhyme, a lot of repetition, easy to learn and to reciteRepeated phrases and some
rhymeFill in the chart below according to what
we’ve learned today.Reading Comprehension IVScanningMade up of 17 syllables; Give a clear picture and create a special feeling in just a few wordsThe translations have a free form.Made up of five lines, convey a strong picture in just a few wordsDiscussion Are poems good for our life?
What can we get from poems?1. Poems bring passion (激情) to our life.2. Poems help us to understand life,
virtues (美德), beauty and romance. 3. Poems make us know we are here
and that we can make our life and
the world more colorful and beautiful.Individual activity注: 另附 word 文档。
点击此处链接Quiz I: Can you tell which form the
following poems belong to? Rain, rain, go away, Come again another day; Little Johnny wants to play.
Comment: Johnny can be substituted for
any boy or girl name. Nursery rhymesLife is beauty, admire it. Life is bliss, taste it. Life is a dream, realize it. Life is a challenge, meet it. Life is a duty, complete it. Life is a game, play it. Life is a promise, fulfill it. Life is sorrow, overcome it. List poemLily
out of the water
out of itself Haiku A Farewell Poem to the Old Meadow
Grass is spreading over the meadow
Life or death will yearly come, yearly go.
The bale-fire can burn away the green
Spring breeze will help it survive again.赋得古原草送别 — 白居易
离离原上草，一岁一枯荣。
野火烧不尽，春风吹又生。Tang poemSpaghetti
Messy, spicy
Slurping, sliding, falling
Between my plate and mouth
DeliciousCinquainQuiz II: Multiple choice 1. _____, the pay isn’t attractive enough,
though the job itself is quite interesting.
(2009浙江) A. Generally speaking??????
B. On the contrary ?
C. In particular?????????
D. To be honest2. John is very ____?— if he promises to
do something he’ll do it. (2009浙江) A. independent B. confident
C. reliable? D. flexible
3. Mothers holding jobs outside the
home should have _______ schedules
to make it easier to care for their
children. (2010山东)
A. heavy B. smooth
C. flexible D. complex4. My schedule is very ______ right now,
but I’ll try to fit you in. (2011浙江)
A. tight B. short
C. regular D. flexible
5. --- Just a moment. I haven’t finished
packing my suitcase.
--- ______. Its high time we left for the
airport. (2011天津)
A. Go ahead B. Take it easy
C. Hurry up D. That's fine1. If you see James, do _______ (express)
my apologies (to him).
2. Her youngest child is at ________ (托儿
所) now.
3. They think she killed her husband, but
they've no ________ (clear) evidence.
4. I keep getting con__________ advice —
some people tell me to keep it warm and
some tell me to put ice on it.Quiz III: Fill in the blanks. conveynurseryconcretecontradictory5. He had worked in the ________ (钻石)
mines of South Africa.
6. My schedule is quite ________ (灵活
的) — I could arrange to meet with
you any day next week.
7. The murders all seem to follow a
(similar) p_______ (= happen in the
same way).diamondflexiblepattern8. I used to hate being ______ (取笑) about
my red hair when I was at school.
9. This bacon (培根) is too s____ for me.
10. The possibilities are _______ (无穷的).
11. We need a __________ (最少) of ten
people to play this game. teasedsaltyendlessminimum12. The English version is boring —
perhaps it has lost something in
__________ (译文).
13. She's a _______ (部门) manager.
14. She hopes to get a job on the local
newspaper and _________ (in the end)
work for ‘The Times’.
15. It was an event that would _________
(change) my life. translationbrancheventuallytransformIce, snow and steam _______________
_____________. are different forms of waterQuiz IV: Translation.There are __________________ males want to smoke. 1. 男性想要抽烟有多种原因。 2. 冰、雪、蒸汽是水不同的形态。 ___________! Don't panic. 3. 沉住气!不要惊慌。various reasons whyTake it easy4. 我们的糖吃完了，我得再买点儿。 We've __________ sugar, so I must buy some more. He loves science fiction ____________. 6. 他特别喜爱科幻小说。5. 人体的组织是由细胞构成的。Human tissue _____________ cells. run out ofis made up ofin particular 回乡偶书 ——贺之章
少小离家老大回,
乡音无改鬓毛衰。
儿童相见不相识,
笑问客从何处来。Try to translate the Chinese poem into English.Coming Home by He Zhizhang I left home young and not till old do I come back,
My accent is unchanged, my hair no longer black.
The children don’t know me, whom I meet on the way,
“Where do you come from, revered sir?” they smile and say.Self-assessmentThink about what we’ve just learnt today.Time for Reflection Study without reflection is a waste of time.Think in English After the classIt’s time to stop the class for you to look back in silence.1. Choose your favorite form of poems and write one on your own. We’ll share our own poems next class. concrete, flexible, take it easy, run out of, be made up of, tease, endless, in particular, eventually, transform.2. 发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字)。HomeworkThank you!课件47张PPT。Subjunctive Mood (2) Unit 2 Grammar在上一单元中我们学习了虚拟语气(和现在、过去、将来事实相反)的用法。在本单元中我们将复习上一单元所学内容、引申一些新知识并通过练习进一步加深理解。ObjectiveTo learn more about the subjunctive mood and use it properly.语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Let’s look at this poem. Our first football match
We would have won …
if Jack had scored that goal,
if we’d had just a few more minutes,
if we had trained harder,
…
We would have won …
if we’d been better!This poem contains sentences in the subjunctive mood. 虚拟语气?
1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。Revision2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示
与事实相反的条件和结果。
1) 与现在事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原 was/were
/V-edshould (would
could, might)2) 与过去事实相反：
If 主语 , 主语 +have V-ed
3) 与将来事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原should (would
could, might)should
were toshould (would
could, might)had been /V-ed 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气(mixed conditionals)。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.1. We use mixed conditionals when the main
clause and the if-clause are about different
tenses.
e.g. If you had come and attended the
meeting yesterday, you would know
what we are doing now.
If you had followed my advice, you
would not be in trouble now.2. We use otherwise, or and phrases
beginning with with, without and but
for to replace an if-clause in implied
conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things.
But for your help , I couldn’t have done it.(If there were no air)(If it hadn’t been for your help)I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.
(If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.)
I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.
(If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.)3. In adverbial clauses introduced by
even if, as if, as though and if only
we can use unreal conditionals.He treats his elder sister as though she were a stranger. 即使生了病，他也去办公室。
Even if he were ill, he would go to his office.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 虚拟语气特殊句型： wish/if only 现在：
过去：
未来：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（现在）
2) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.（过去）
3) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish
us. （将来）If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train! I wish I were as tall as you.
我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn’t said that.
他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do 表达法。wish sb. / sth. to do I wish to see the manager.
= I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once.
= I want the manager to be informed at once.2. would rather that现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow.diddidhad done3. It’s (about/high) time + that should dodid你该走了。我们该去
睡觉了。It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 4. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1) 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个
命令，三个建议，四个要求。即：
1. insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand, require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气
用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词
原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be
killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send
them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如果suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事"时，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that
everybody _____ (obey) the rules.
2. He insisted that she _____ (be)
seriously ill and that ________ (send)
to hospitals at once.
3. He suggested that we ______ (have) a
meeting at once.
4. His pale face suggested that he
______ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气，即：
(should) + v-原形。
名词形式: order, advice, suggestion,
proposal, demand, desire
request, requirementThe suggestion is that the plan be
carried out at once.
My demand is that she should come
to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the
chemical factory should be closed
down.5. It’s necessary / strange / natural /
important + that-Clause 从句中的动
词要用虚拟，即（should）+ 动词原形It is important that we (should) master a
foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the
party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.6. 某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!虚拟语气的用法。ReviewIndividual activity注: 另附 word 文档。
点击此处链接 _________ cease advertising, prices
would be significantly reduced.
? A. Were they to??? ? B. Could they? ???
???C. If they??? ????????? D. Would they
2. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her.
A. takes B. must take C. take D. took Quiz I: Multiple choice. 3. You don't have to be in such a hurry.
I would rather you _____ on business
first.
?? A. would go???? ?? ? B. will go????? ??
????C. went? ???????????? D. have gone
4. If only the committee _________ the
regulations and put them into effect
as soon as possible.
?? A. approve???????? B. will approve? ??
? ?C. can approve?????D. would approve5. We didn't know his telephone number,
otherwise we _______ him.
A. would have telephoned
B. must have telephoned
?? C. would telephone??D. had telephoned6. It was essential that the application
forms ____ back before the deadline.
?? A. must be sent???? B. would be sent??
?? C. be sent???? ?????????D. were sent7. This printer is of good quality. If it
_______ break down within the first
year, we would repair it at our
expense. (2009天津) A. would????????? B. should????
C. could????? D. might8. But for their help, we ______ the
program in time. (2009安徽) ? A. can not finish???? B. will not finish
C. had not finished??????
D. could not have finished
9. But for the help of my English teacher,
I ____?the first prize in the English
Writing Competition.?(2009福建) ? A. would not win??
B. would not have won??
C. would win??? D. would have won 10. If he _______ my advice, he
wouldn’t have lost his job. (2010湖南)
A. followed B. should follow
C. had followed D. would follow
11. George is going to talk about the
geography of his country, but I’d
rather he _____ more on its culture.
(2010江苏)
A. focus B. focused
C. would focus D. had focused12. If we ______ the other road, we
might have arrived here in time for
the meeting. (2010陕西)
A. take B. had taken
C. took D. have taken
13. － John went to the hospital alone.
－ If he _______ me about it, I would
have gone with him. (2010天津)
A. should tell B. tells
C. told D. had told14. Had I known about this computer
program, a huge amount of time
and energy ______. (2010浙江)
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved D. was saved
15. I ______ through that bitter period
without your generous help. (2011陕西)
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone16. — Where are the children? The
dinner’s going to be completely
ruined.
— I wish they ______ always late.
(2011北京)
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been17. Maybe if I _____ science, and not
literature then, I would be able to
give you more help. (2011北京)
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying18. If my car _____ more reliable, I
would have driven to Lhasa instead
of flying last summer. (2012陕西)
A. was B. had been
C. should be D. would be
19. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____
time, I would certainly go for an
outing with you. (2012湖南)
A. have had B. had had
C. have D. had20. If we _____ adequate preparations,
the conference wouldn’t have been
so successful. (2012山东)
A. haven’t made
B. wouldn’t make
C. didn’t make
D. hadn’t made 你对她提议我们周末外出玩耍是怎么
想的？
What do you think about her
suggestion that we should go outing
this weekend?
2. 他本可以给你更多的帮助，即使他很
忙。
He might have given you more help,
even though he was very busy.Quiz II: Translation. 3. --- 如果可能的话你会不会打电话给
她？
--- 会的，不过我当时在忙着做家庭
作业呢。
--- Would you have called her up
had it been possible?
--- Yes, but I were busy doing my
homework.4. 如果你昨晚没有看电影看到那么晚的
话，你现在就不会那么困了。
If you hadn’t seen the film that late
last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.
5. 没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不同
了。
Without electricity, human life would
be quite different today.6. 那位年老的妇女要求这个年轻人向她
道歉。
The old woman demanded the young
man should say sorry to her.
7. 你有啥建议可以帮我们除去家里的苍
蝇？
What do you suggest we should do to
get rid of the flies in the house?Thank you!课件26张PPT。ListeningUnit 2 Poems注: 另附 word 文档。
点击此处链接Listen to Part 1.Using LanguageHOW TO BECOME INSPIRED TO
WRITE POETRY
(T=Teacher L=Lucy P=Pitt J=Jack)
A teacher, Miss Jiang is talking with her class about a poetry competition. Part 1
T: Remember that the ________ for the
poetry competition is the _____. Who’s
going to enter the ____________? Lucy,
how about you?
L: I’ve written something but if I had an
extra week, I could ________ it.Listen again and fill in the blanks.deadline24thcompetitionimproveT: Lucy, I’m sure it’s very good already.
Now, what about your ______, Pitt?
P: I’m not going to enter a poem this
year. I just _______ think of anything to
write about.
T: Well, what about you, Jack?
J: I haven’t begun _____ yet. I plan to do
it this weekend — but only if I feel
________!poemcannotmineinspiredListen to Part 2.Part 2
T: OK everybody, let’s talk about how
to become ________ to write poetry.
Jack, let’s start with you. How will
you inspire _________ this weekend?
J: Well, I intend to go for a _____ in the
countryside and sit _______ somewhere
by myself.
T: How does that ______, Jack?Listen again and fill in the blanks.inspiredyourselfhikequietlyhelpJ: Well, I _______ a lot more — maybe an
insect ________ something, the shapes
and colours of the flowers, how the
wind _______, or the different _______
in the air. Anyway, I find that as I look
around me all _______ of interesting
thoughts and ______ come into my
mind. noticesoundscarryingsmellswordssortsT: That sounds _____. Would anyone else
like to tell us how they become inspired
to ______? Yes, Lucy?
L: Usually I write best when I am
surrounded by _______ things, so I need
to be in my own ______. But now I’ve
_______ to Jack, I think I’ll try out his
____ too some time.greatwritefamiliarhouselistenedwayP: Actually I work best on my __________
when I’m listening to my favorite ______.
I’ve never _____ it with poetry before
but I’m going to try it _______.
T: Great, Pitt. Well, we’ve had some good
_____ about how to become inspired.
And now I’m looking forward to
_______ all your poems.homeworkmusictriedtonightideasreadingWorkbook-ListeningDO YOU LIKE WRITING POETRY?Listen to the text.(T=Mr Tanner W=Wu Zhe
L=Lily C=Chelsea)
Mr Tanner, is talking to three students,
Wu Zhe, Lily and Chelsea, about
their feelings on poetry. T: If I were to tell you that for the next
______ of weeks we were going to do a
unit on ________, what would you
think?
W: (groans) My heart _______! Poetry,
yuck!
T: You’ve never ________ it, Wu Zhe?Listen again and fill in the blanks.couplepoetrysinksenjoyedW: What is there to enjoy!? All that
_______ meaningless language.
Why can’t people just say what
they mean in clear _______ English?
They don’t ______ to go on and on
about things that ________ cares
about.strangesimplenobodyneedL: That’s not what I _______! I love
listening to poetry, even when I don’t
__________ all of it. When someone
reads it really well, it’s like listening
to music. It ______ you to another
place in your mind, to a world that’s
_________ somehow.thinkunderstandtakesdifferentC: I love listening to it too … But I’d
much ______ be writing (emphasize) it.
T: So you enjoy writing poetry, Chelsea.
What _______ do you enjoy?
C: I like playing with words and
sentences and ______. You just have to
make it sound and feel _______, and
you don’t have to follow all those
grammar _______.ratherexactlylines rightrulesT: So you like the ________ of being able
to write just what comes into your
_____?
C: Well, it’s ____ really freedom. You see
I think about the atmosphere or
feeling I want to ______ in my poem
and then I look for the _____ way to
do it. That doesn’t feel _____ at all — freedomheadcreatenotbestfree I’ve got to really think. It doesn’t
______ when I just write down
_________ comes into my head.
L: It ______ sometimes for me.
Sometimes I feel inspired and the
right words just come ________ out.workwhateverspillingdoesW: ______ you, Lily! (said with a hint
of resentment) That never
________ to me. Even if I write
something, it’s all ________. Poetry
______ rubbish if you ask me. LuckyhappensrubbishseemsWorkbook-Listening TaskListen to the text.(B=Ben S=Sam SL=Sally)
It’s Friday lunchtime. Three students, Ben, Sam and Sally, are talking about their poetry homework. Listen to their conversation.B: _____ are you going to do your poetry
homework, Sam?
S: I don’t know. How _____ have we got?
B: Well, it’s due next ________.
S: Oh no! I’d better have a go at it this
________. What kind of poem are
you _________ to write?
B: Well, I think I’ll try writing a ______. Listen again and fill in the blanks.WhenlongMondayweekendplanninghaikuS: What’s that?
B: Sam, don’t you remember – we
_______ about it in class. It’s a
________ poem made up of _____
syllables.
S: Oh yeah. Sounds a ____ difficult to me.
What are you going to write about?learnedJapanese17bitB: Well, haikus are usually about _______,
so I’m going to go and sit in the park
tomorrow and just ________ life. I’ll
write about what I see and what
_______ come into my mind.
SL: Hi Sam, hi Ben. What are you _____
talking about?natureobserveimagestwoS: That ________ poetry homework we
have to do.
SL: Actually, I’m looking ________ to it.
S: Well, I always knew you were ______!
B: Don’t listen to him, Sally. What are
you going to do _______ on?horriblecrazyyoursforwardSL: I’m going to try one of those _____
poems and write a line about each
_______ in our class.
S: You can leave me ____ of it!
SL: Oh Sam, it’s going to be _______.
I’m going to see if I can make the
lines _______. It’ll be fun.listpersonoutfunnyrhymeB: So Sam, are you _______ inspired now?
Look, there are lots of different kinds
of poems you could ____ – a haiku, a
list poem – hey, what about a
________ – you know those ____ line
poems.feelingfive trycinquainS: Oh yeah, I’d _________ about those.
Yeah, that’s what I’ll do – and _____
what I’m going to do it on?
B: What?
S: You!
B: (laughs) Oh no!forgottenguessThank you!
