Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
(1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如：
I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。
（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。
【拓展】
（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。
（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。例如：
The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off.
这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。
（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。例如：
You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.
你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。
（4） be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。例如：
My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.
我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。
【典例分析】
1．It's time for you to go to bed. You ________ sleep at once.
A． are supposed to B． are afraid to C． are allowed to D． are suggested to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你上床睡觉的时候到了。你应该立刻睡觉。be supposed to意为“应该做…”；be afraid to意为“害怕”；be allowed to意为“被允许”；be suggested to意为“被建议”。这里是说“你应该睡了”，故选A。
2.—Mr. Smith is in Shanghai now. I ________ he will come to your party.
—That'll be great!
A. plan B. suppose C. regret D. decide
【答案】B考查动词辨析。plan意为“计划；打算”，suppose意为“猜想；推测”，regret意为“懊悔；遗憾”，decide意为“决定”，结合语境可知应选B。
3.You are ________ to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
【答案】D句意：当你第一次遇见别人时你应该握手。A项为“建议”；B项为“支持”；C项为“教”；D项为“认为、假定”。本题考查固定短语be supposed to do sth，意为“应该做某事”，相当于should do sth。根据语境及短语要求，故选D。
4.我猜想我们下周将去那儿.
I suppose _______ ________ ________ _________next week.
【答案】they will go there
5.我们所有的人都认为他很聪明.
We all________ _________ ________
【答案】suppose him clever
6.你应该在9点钟到达这里.
You _______ _______ ________be here at nine.
【答案】are supposed to
7.你不能在公共汽车上抽烟.
You_________ ________ _________smoke on the bus.
【答案】aren’t supposed to
要点2
(1) expect表示“期待，期望”，通常为及物动词，直接接宾语，还可接不定式的复合结构。例如：
We should not expect success overnight. 我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。
That’s just what we expected. 那正是我们所期望的。
(2) expect还可表示“预计，预料”等，后接名词或从句，接动词时要用不定式。例如：
I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。
I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。
I didn’t expect to find you here. 我没料到在这里找到你。
(3) expect后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。例如：
I don’t expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。
【典例分析】
1. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
【答案】A
【解析】expect (not)to do sth.期望(不)做某事。根据语境判断应该是期望获得奥斯卡奖。故选A.
2.—Waiter, there's a fly(苍蝇) swimming in my soup.
—So what do you me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员)
A. warn B. expect C. invite D. encourage
【答案】B
【解析】——服务员,在我的汤里有一只苍蝇在游。——那么你期望我做什么,给救生员打电话吗 warn"警告"；expect"期望";invite"邀请";encourage"鼓励"。B项符合语境。
3. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
【答案】从说话语气上看，hope用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语序。故答案选A
4.You are expected ________ a diary in English every day if you want to improve your writing skills.
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你想要提高你的写作技巧，你应该每天用英语写日记。
考查非谓语或固定搭配。keep 动词原形；kept 动词过去式或过去分词；keeping 动名词或现在分词；to keep 动词不定式。be expected to do sth. “应该做某事，被期待做某事”。故选D。
5.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
You can't_______________ a foreign language in a few months.
【答案】expect to learn
6 他期望她同他一起去。
He___________________ with him.
【答案】 expected her to go
7. 我预计星期日回来。
I__________ that I will be back on Sunday.
【答案】expected
要点3
suggest及物动词，意为“建议，提议”，其主要用法为：
1.suggest sth. (to sb.)向某人提议/建议某事
He suggested a walk.
2.suggest doing sth.建议做某事
She suggested going there by bike.
3.suggest+ that引导宾语从句，“suggest＋that宾语从句”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
但suggest作“表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气。
4.He suggested (that) we (should) do it at once.
【拓展】
①suggest的名词形式为suggestion，意为“建议，提议”
May I make a suggestion
②在表示“建议某人做某事”时，可用advise sb. to do sth,不能用suggest sb. to do sth.
suggest sb. doing=advise sb. to do
advice和suggestion的辨析
advice 不可数名词 This is a piece of useful advice. 这是一条有用的建议。Who can give me some advice 谁能给我一些建议？
suggestion 可数名词 Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。
advice的动词形式为advise。advise和suggest的辨析
advise v.建议，常用于advise sb. to do sth.结构 He advises me to have a good rest.他建议我好好休息一下。
suggest v.建议， suggest sb. doing sth. I suggest having a good rest.我建议好好休息一下。
【典例分析】
1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ______ on how to improve my English!
—You’d better keep _____more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading
【答案】用语法分析法解题。advice 是不可数名词；keep 后接动词的-ing形式。
2.My teachers advise us ________ computer games. That is bad for our eyes.
A. to play B. playing C. not to play D. not play
【答案】C句意：我的老师建议我们不要玩电脑游戏。那对我们的眼睛有害。advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事，故答案为C。
3.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to learn English well.
A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem
【答案】A我的老师给了我很多关于如何学好英语的建议。A. advice 建议，不可数名词；question 问题，可数名词；C. suggestion 建议，可数名词；D. problem问题，可数名词。此处是由形容词much来修饰的，故用不可数名词，give advice on在…方面给出建议。故答案A。
4. The smile on his face suggested that he _______ happy to have given help to his classmates.
A. was B. should be C. had been D. would be
【答案】A suggest作“表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气。故答案选A
5. He came to my class every week， but his attitude______ he was not really interested in the subject.
A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested
【答案】D 他每周都来上我的课，但他的态度表明他对这门课并不感兴趣。
6. She suggested _______ early so that we could catch the first train.
A. go get up B. getting up C. get up D. to getting up
【答案】B suggest doing sth 建议做某事。
7. I suggest that we _______ electric wires out of the reach of children.
A. keep B. shall keep C. kept D. be kept
【答案】A 句意：我建议我们把电线放在孩子们够不着的地方。“suggest＋that宾语从句”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
8. Bob's doctor suggests ________ for a few weeks.
A. that he is resting B. he rest C. he resting D. him to rest
【答案】B “suggest＋that宾语从句”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
9.老师建议我们每天阅读。（完成句子）
The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ ___________ every day.
=The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ every day.
【答案】advises us to read suggests us reading. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。suggest sb. doing sth.
建议某人做某事。
10. The article gives students some ________ about how to stay safe online.
A．suggestions B．activities C．decisions D．advantages
【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章给学生们提供了如何保证上网安全的建议。suggestion意为“建议”；activity意为“活动”；decision意为“决定”；advantage意为“优点”。根据语境可知，此处表示“给学生提出建议”。故选A。
要点4 relax
relax是动词，可以作不及物动词或及物动词，作及物动词时，宾语是人，表示“使某人放松；使某人休息；使某人轻松”。例如：
Now I want to rest and relax. （作不及物动词）
现在我得休息一下，放松放松。
I need a cup of tea to relax myself. （作及物动词）
我需要喝杯茶使自己轻松一下。
【拓展】relaxed；relaxing
(1) relaxed是形容词，意为“某人感到轻松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”轻松。通常用来形容人。有类似用法的词有interested\excited\surprised\bored\tired。例如：
He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很轻松。
The song can make me relaxed. 这首歌让我感到轻松。
(2) relaxing是形容词，意为“某事情令人轻松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”轻松。通常用来修饰物或事。有类似用法的词有interesting\exciting\surprising\boring\tiring。例如：
The song is relaxing. 这首歌真使人轻松。
You can listen to relaxing music in the bath!
你可以边洗澡边听（令人）轻松的音乐。
【典例分析】
1. 1.Listening to some ________ songs or staying with friends always makes us ________ .
A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed
C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：和朋友们一起听着令人放松的歌曲总是让我很放松。
考查形容词辨析。relaxing令人放松的；relaxed放松的。第一空表示音乐的特点是“令人放松的”，故用-ing形式的形容词；第二空表示人很放松的状态，故用-ed形式的形容词作宾补。故选B。
2. As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test, I felt _____ at once.
A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous
【答案】B
【解析】句意: 一听到驾驶考试通过的消息，我立刻感到轻松了。考查形容词不辨析。A. angry生气的; 愤怒的，发怒的 ；B. relaxed 轻松的；自在的；无拘无束的；舒适的； C. afraid恐怕；害怕的；担心的；D. nervous神经质的；紧张不安的；焦虑的。结合句意和语境可知选B。
3.In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us .
A. bored; bored B. boring; boring
C. boring; bored D. bored; boring
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在未来，机器人将会代替人做无聊的工作，为了不使我们无聊。根据boring无聊的，通常修饰事情或物；bored 无聊的，通常指人感到无聊；故选C
4.—We all like Mr. Wang.
—I agree with you. He always makes his English classes .
A. interested B. interest C. interesting
【答案】C。interested有趣的，修饰人；interesting有趣的，修饰物。his English classes指物故用C。
5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
【答案】D 句意：王先生是个有趣的人。他对讲笑话很感兴趣。都是修饰人故选D。
要点5
keep sb./sth. away
keep sb./sth. away (使)避开；(使)不靠近
例：Please keep the trash away. 请将垃圾放远一点。
【考点】keep此处用作及物动词，意为“使保持(某种状态)”。keep sb./sth. away意为“(使)避开；(使)不靠近”。
【重点】 keep的用法：
1). keep＋名词/形容词 保持……
Running is a good way to keep healthy. 跑步是保持健康的一种好方法。
2). keep＋宾语＋形容词 使……保持某种状态
We must keep the room clean. 我们必须保持这个房间干净。
3). keep (on) doing sth. 不断地做某事
I kept (on) thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我总是想着下午的比赛。
4). keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
I kept them waiting at the gate. 我让他们在大门口一直等着。
5). keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 防止或阻止某人/物做某事
We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须设法防止他们知道我们的计划。
拓展： keep构成的短语
keep doing sth 一直做某事
keep sb/sth doing sth 使某人/某事一直做某事
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep up with 跟上
keep in mind 记住
keep in touch with 保持联络
keep on 继续
【典例分析】
1. 你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗
Do you think we teenagers should __________ _____________ __________ the Internet
【答案】keep away from 。远离，不接近。
2. 使劲跑，别停！
Just __________ __________, don’t stop!
【答案】keep running。keep (on) doing sth. 不断地做某事
3. 我们要尽力保持卧室清洁整齐。
We should try to __________ the bedroom __________ and tidy.
【答案】keep clean 。keep＋宾语＋形容词 使……保持某种状态
4. 对不起，让你久等了。
I’m sorry for keeping you __________ for such a long time.
【答案】waiting。 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
5. 疾风阻止我们去上学。
The strong wind keeps us __________ __________ to school.
【答案】from going。keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
6.这条白线是用来警告人们不许靠近的。
The white line is used for _________ _________ _____________.
【答案】keeping people away
7.为了学好英语，你必须用英语写日记。
In order to learn English well, you must _____________ _________ __________ in English.
【答案】keep a diary
8.记得经常保持联络。
Remember_________ _________ _______ ________ _________each other often.
【答案】to keep in touch with
9.别掉队，跟上别人！
Don’t fall behind,________ ________ _________ others.
【答案】keep up with
10.我们要将安全永远放在心上。
We must ________ safety ___________ _________ forever.
【答案】keep in mind
11.大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
【答案】stopped from playing。stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事。
12.The flies are so terrible. Please ________．
A. keep it away B. keep them away
C. keep away them D. keep away it
【答案】B 句意：苍蝇太可怕了，请把他们赶走。短语keep away表示把……带走；主语是the flies这里代词用they的宾格them，keep away是动词和副词构成的短语，代词放在中间。根据题意，故选B。
13. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others_________ for a long time.
A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting
【答案】D这题考查非谓语的用法：keep sb doing“让某人一直做某事”，句意是：我们都知道，让别人等很长时间是不礼貌的。选D。
要点6 take off
（1）take off 意为 “起飞”。例如：
When will the plane take off 飞机什么时候起飞？
（2）take off还可作“脱下”讲，反义词组为put on，意为“穿上”。例如：
Put on your clothes. Don’t take them off. 把衣服穿上，别脱下。
（3）off还有不上学、不上班的意思，所以take some time off就是“请假”的意思。
【拓展】 常见的含有take的词组：
take turns轮流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出
take over接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take care当心，注意
take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take it easy别紧张
take down 取下、拿下；写下、记录； take in 吸入 领悟，理解
take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
【典例分析】
一、用take构成的短语完成句子
1.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
【答案】takes after take after 长得像......、性格特征像.....
2.母亲把我们的盘子拿走，回来拿一些水果给我们吃
Mother _________our plates __________and came back with some fruit for us to eat.
【答案】took away 拿走
3.那首曲子把我带回到童年时代
That music ________ me________ to my childhood.
【答案】took back 带回。
4.我们需要把窗帘拿下来清洗下
We need to _________ __________ the curtains to be cleaned.
【答案】take down取下、拿下
5. 如果你有钢笔，可以把我的电话号码记下来
If you have a pen, you can ________ _________ my phone number.
【答案】take down。写下、记录
6.这种布料吸水性很好。
This kind of cloth _______ _______water very well.
【答案】takes in 吸入 领悟，理解
7.飞往曼谷的航班准时起飞。
The flight for Bangkok ________ ________ on time.
【答案】took off “起飞”
8.天气太热了，所以我把夹克衫脱掉了
It was hot, so I________ my jacket __________.
【答案】took off“脱下”
9.她请两天假来照顾她奶奶。
She __________two days _________school to _________ _________ _________his grandma.
【答案】took off “请假” take care of “照顾“
10.请在整个房子有臭味前把垃圾清除出去
Please _________ ________the trash before the whole house starts to smell.
【答案】took out拿出，取出
11.自从他挂了之后，他的儿子就接管了他的公司。
His son has ________ ________ his company since he died。
【答案】taken over 接手，接管
12. 有关金融的书籍占用了三个书架
The books on finance_______ ________ three shelves.
【答案】take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
13.The plane to Chengdu just now．You have to wait until tomorrow．
A. took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
【答案】A句意：去成都的飞机刚刚起飞，你得等到明天。考查动词短语。A. took off（飞机等）起飞，脱下；B. took after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；C. took out拿出，取出；D. took away拿走。结合句意可知填took off；选A。
14.My elder brother________ my wet sports shoes and made me sit by the fire.
A. took off B. kicked off
C. carried out D. put out
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋，让我坐在炉火旁。
考查动词短语。took off脱掉； kicked off踢开；carried out进行，执行；put out扑灭。根据“我的湿的运动鞋和让我坐在炉火旁”可知是“我的哥哥脱掉了我的湿的运动鞋”，故选A。
要点7 exchange
Exchange
(1)作动词，意为“交换”，引申可表示“交流”经验、思想等。例如：
The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts.
两个女孩经常交换圣诞礼物。
We shall have opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.
我们明天有机会交换看法。
They exchanged experiences at the meeting.
他们在会上交流经验。
（2）exchange作及物动词时，其宾语后常接介词for，表示“以……换取”；接介词with表示“与某人交换(某物)/与某人交流（想法等）”。
例如：
I’d like to exchange a watch for a camera.
我想用表换相机。
Would you like to exchange places with me
你愿意跟我换一下地方吗
He likes to exchange ideas with others.
他喜欢与别人交流思想。
【拓展】
（1）exchange作名词，意为“交换”。例如：
There have been numerous exchanges of views between the two governments.
两国政府间曾多次交换意见。
（2）exchange作名词，意为“兑换，兑换率”。例如：
I’d like to know the exchange rate for German marks. 我想知道德国马克的兑换率。（3）exchange作名词，意为“交易所”。例如：She works at the Stock Exchange. 她在证券交易所工作。
要点8 except
except作介词，意为“除……之外”，其后跟名词、代词、介词短语、that从句或what从句。
例如：
I go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了周六和周日，我每天都上学。
【拓展】except; except for和but的辨析：
这三个短语都有“除……之外”的意思，但具体用法不同：
except 表示“除……之外（没有……）”，着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物。表示一种排除关系。有“减除”之意。
but 和except的用法基本相同。但着重强调整句的内容，且习惯上用于every；all； any；nothing；who等词后。
except for 表示“除……之外”，常对某种基本情况进行具体的、细节方面的修正，其后所接的词同句子的主语不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面。
例如：
We are all here except/but Tom. 除了Tom外，我们都到齐了。（不包括Tom）
She could do nothing but cry. 除了哭，她没有别的办法。
He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是个好人，除了脾气暴躁。
【典例分析】
1.The suit fitted him well＿＿＿the colour was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
【答案】B
【解析】except that后面接从句。
2.Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
【答案】C
【解析】本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。句意：除了在巴西的一位姑妈外，简在这个世界上相当孤独。
3. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：除了星期六和星期日，我们每天都上学。本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。结合句意可知，这里是不包括星期六和星期天的。故选C。
4.All the students went to the park yesterday _________ Eric. He had to look after his sister at home.
A. between B. except C. beside D. with
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——昨天所有的学生都去公园了，除了Eric.，他必须在家照顾他妹妹。A. between在两者之间；B. except除了（不包含在内）；C. beside除了（包括在内，还有）；D. with和；根据He had to look after his sister at home.可知Eric.没去，其他人都去了；故选B
5.besides, except, except for和but 填空
1）He has nobody _____ himself to blame for that.
2）They all went to the Summer Palace _____ one.
3）Your essay is well written _____ one or two minor grammatical mistakes.
4）_____ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
5）Smith is a good man,______ his good manners.
【答案】1.but 2.except 3.except for 4.Besides 5.besides
要点9
（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如：
If they value these data, let them pay for them.
他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。
If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself.
如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。
（2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如：
I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。
The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds.
这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。
【拓展】
（1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如：
Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.
近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。
The value of this work experience should not be underestimated.
这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。
（2）valuable常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如：
Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。
【典例分析】
1.I never doubt ______ his advice is of great ______ to me.
A. that; valuable B. if; value C. whether; valuable D. that; value
【答案】B
【解析】of great value =very valuable 很有价值。
2.Tom, you should ________ this iPad mini. It is________ .
A. value; value B. valuable; valuable
C. value; valuable D. valuable; value
【答案】C
【解析】句意：汤姆，你应该珍惜这个新iPad mini，这很贵的。
本题考查动词和形容词词义辨析。value可以做动词，意为“珍惜，爱惜”。valuable为形容词，可做表语和定语，意为“有价值的”。第一空缺动词，且should后用动词原形；第二空缺表语。故选C。
3.This handbook is ________ for us to learn our lessons.
A. great value B. of valuable
C. of very value D. of great value
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这本手册对于我们学习课程非常有价值。
考查固定表达。be of + n.= be + adj. 用来说明主语具有某种品质。要表达“手册有巨大价值”可以说“The handbook is great valuable.”或“The handbook is of great value.”，又very不能修饰名词，所以D正确，故选D。
要点10
动词短语get used to表示“渐渐习惯……”，后接名词、代词作宾语。与同义短语“be used to”略有不同。get used to强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程，而“be used to”所强调的只是“习惯了”这个状态。例如：
The food here is not so tasty but you will get used to that.
这里的伙食不怎么样，但你会慢慢习惯的。
The food here is not so tasty but he is used to that.
这里的伙食不怎么样，但是他已经习惯了。
He is used to getting up early. 他习惯了早起。
比较
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A．used to get B．been used to get
C．used for getting D．been used to getting
【答案】D used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，Be used to doing习惯于做某事，根据句意选D。
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
【答案】C 句意：约翰过去常常用刀吃用餐，但现在他在北京住了几个月后习惯用筷子吃饭。
3.We used to in the evening, but now we are used to early in the morning.
A. exercise; exercise B. exercise; exercising C. exercised; exercise D. exercising; exercise
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们过去常常在晚上的时候锻炼，但是现在我们习惯了在早上的时候锻炼。exercise锻炼，是一个动词原形；exercising是动名词形式；exercised是过去式。第一个空前使用的句型是used to do sth.过去常常做某事，故这里填动词原形；第二个空前使用的句型是be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，这里应填动名词形式，故选B。
4.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
【答案】used to is used to
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
【答案】used to
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
【答案】used to
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
【答案】are used to
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
【答案】used to
要点11
Point n 有观点;看法;要点;
v. 指;指向;朝向;瞄准等意思
point 构成的词组区别：
point at，point to，point out
point at，point to和point out的意思都与“指”有关，但还是有一定区别。
1. point at习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物，意为“指着”，at是介词，着重于指的对象。
Don’t point at the words while you are reading. 读书时不要用手指着字。
2. point to多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物，意为“指向”，to也是介词，着重于指的方向。
He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said，“That’s my home.”
他指着河对岸的房子说:“那是我家。”
3. point out表示的是给某人指示方向，要点或错误等，意为“指出”，out是副词。
The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework. 老师指出我作业里的许多错误。
【典例分析】
1. “I'll have that one，” she said, ________ a big chocolate cake.
A． point at B． point to C． pointing out D． pointing at
【答案】D
【解析】句意：指着一个大的巧克力蛋糕，她说“我将吃那一个”。A. point at指着；B. point to指……；
C. pointing out指出；现在分词；D. pointing at指着……；现在分词。这里是现在分词做后置做伴随状语，这里是指着某物的意思。根据题意，故选D。
【注意】
point to多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物,意为“指向”,to也是介词,着重于指的方向.
point at习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物,意为“指着”,at是介词,着重于指的对象.
2.You can’t stick your chopsticks ______ your food and you can’t point ______ anyone with them, either.
A. in; to B. of; at C. for; to D. into; at
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你不能把筷子插入食物中，也不能用筷子指着他人。
考查介词用法。in在……里面；to到，向；of……的；at在（某处）；for为了；into到……里面，进入。由句意可知，本题考固定短语stick…into…插入，深入；point at指向。故选D
3.The p __________ is that she doesn't know how to do it. （根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。）
【答案】point 观点，看法。
4.就我的观点而言，我不喜欢这本书。
________ ________ _________ _________ _________. I don’t like this book.
【答案】In my point of view
5.这是一个简单的测试，用来证明我的观点
Here's a simple test to prove ________ ___________.
【答案】my point
6.勒布朗詹姆斯在总决赛第二场中拿了33分。【篮球得分】
LeBron James _______ ________ ________ in the final Game 2.
【答案】got 33 points
7.用point at， point to 和point out 填空。
1）Don’t_________ others with your chopsticks while eating.
2）Tom ____________the man outside our school and asked me who he was.
3）My English teacher _____________my mistakes in the composition.
【答案】1)point at “（近距离）指着” 2)pointed to point to “（远距离）指向” 3)pointed out point out “指出；指明”
要点12
As soon as的用法
1. 一经...;立即...;一...就...
as soon as表示一......就，其中的从句通常用一般现在时表示将来时。
这个短语用的比较常用，口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是，在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态。例如：
1、指未发生的动作，规律是：主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时
如：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back。
注：有时，为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何如何，需要用现在完成时。
如：I will go with you as soon as I have washed my face.
2、指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主从句都用一般过去时
如 He took out his English books as soon as he sat down
不过，我也见过从句和主句都用一般现在时的情况。
如：As soon as he finishes his classwork, he runs out of the class. 他一做完课堂作业，就跑出了教室。
He jumped out of bed as soon as he was called.一听到有人叫他，他立即跳下床来。
【典例分析】
1. Phone me _______ you get to Wuzhong．
A． since B． so that C． as soon as D． while
【答案】C
【解析】句意 “你一到达吴中就给我打电话”。考查状语从句。A项意为“自从”，可接时间点，引导时间状语从句；B项意为似便，为了，可引导目的状语从句：C项意为 “一……就”，可引导： 时间状语从句；D项意为，当……时候”，可引导时间状语从句。注意while不和瞬间动词连用。句意为：你一到达吴忠就打电话给我。C
3.Jack's mother was so tired. She fell asleep she lay down on the bed.
A. until B. as soon as C. unless D. although
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Jack的妈妈是如此的累，她一躺在床上就睡着了。until直到…时候，引导时间状语从句；as soon as一…就…，引导时间状语从句；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；although尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知应选B。
要点13
drop by 随便来，随便来玩，随便走访，非正式访问
例句：
Drop by whenever you have time.
如果有空随便来
Drop by whenever you feel like it.
随时即兴就来我这儿坐坐
【典例分析】
1.He will ________ his friend's home when he comes here next time.
A． drop by B． drop out C． drop off D． drop in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：当他下次再来这里的时候，他会顺便拜访他朋友的家。A.顺便拜访；B.离开；C.打瞌睡；D.顺便访问（其后如果加人需补充介词on）;这里是说“顺便拜访他朋友的家”，可叹说 drop by his friend's home, D 选项需改为 drop in on 即可 故选 A。
I’d like to drop_______ on my way home if I have time
A in B by C on D from
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：有空的话回家途中我会顺便来看你。分析选项：in 在之内；by 凭借; on大之上；from来自。明确考查固定短语drop in故选A。
3.— I want to________ my friends’ home this afternoon. Would you mind my________ back a little late
—Not at all. Just go ahead.
A. drop by; come B. dropped in; coming
C. drop by; coming D. dropped at; come
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——今天下午我想要顺便拜访我朋友的家。你介意我晚点回来吗？——不介意，去吧。
考查动词短语以及动词用法。drop by sb.意为“顺便拜访某人”；drop by sp. 意为“顺便拜访某地”。drop in on sb.“顺便拜访某人”；drop in at sp.“顺便拜访某地”。mind one’s/sb. doing sth.“介意某人做某事”。故选C。
4.—Do you need to call Henry before you go to his house
—No, I don't need to. I often ________ his house.
A. cut up B. knock into C. dream of D. drop by
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你去Henry家之前要先给他打电话吗？——不，我不需要。我经常顺道拜访他家。
考查动词短语。cut up 不高兴的，伤心的；knock into撞到，碰到；dream of 梦想，渴望；drop by顺道拜访。根据回答“No, I don’t need to. 不，我不需要。”可知说话者经常拜访Henry家，所以才不用提前打电话，drop by符合语境，故选D。
要点14
辨析It is +adj+(for sb.) to do sth / It is+adj+(of sb.) to do sth
It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关, 这个adj.是用来形容sb.的,表示某人这么做是太adj.了
It’s very kind of you to help me.
把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind to help me.是说得通的.
It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj.
这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的
It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem.
注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.
It’s very kind of you to help me.
It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A．for; to answer B．of; to answer C．for; answer
【答案】
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj．+for／of sb．to do sth．’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。clever 描述人的性格，品质。故用of。
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo．
A．for us taking B．of us to take C．of us taking D．for us to take
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj．+for／of sb．to do sth．’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。本题中的形容词为dangerous，不是描述人的性格特征的，故答案选D。
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
【答案】It’s of to travel
4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
【答案】dangerous for
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
【答案】important for
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
【答案】It’s cruel of
7.能设计这么好的计划，他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
【答案】clever of to
要点15
worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。
①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。
The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。
②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。
The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。
③“be worth+名词”意为“值得
I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。
【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。
The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
【典例分析】
1.—People with good ______ are worth ______.
A. manner; learn from B. manners; learn from
C. manner; learning from D. manners; learning from
【答案】D
【解析】句意：有礼貌的人是值得学习的。
考查名词单复数以及非谓语。manner 礼貌；learn from 从……学习；manners 礼貌（复数）；learning from 从……学习（动名词或现在分词）。good manners “有礼貌的”，manner当“礼貌”讲用复数形式。be worth doing “值得做某事”。故选D。
2. —Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother
—Yes, it's well worth ________. It's ________ moving that I've seen it twice.
A. seeing；too B. to see；too
C. seeing；so D. to see；so
【答案】C
【解析】——你看了电视剧《丑娘》吗？——是的，它很值得看。它非常的感人以至于我已经看了两次。
考查固定搭配。be worth doing sth. 做某事值得，B、D搭配错误，故排除；第二句有两个谓语动词，是一个主从复合句，要用从句连接词来引导从句，too不能引导从句，故排除A，so...that 如此以至于，引导结果状语从句，C符合搭配和语法要求，故选C。
3.The book is worth . Everyone buy one and read it.
A. read; be supposed to B. reading; is supposed
C. reading; is supposed to D. read; are supposed to
【答案】C
【解析】那本书很值得读。每个人都应该买一本并读一读。前一个空考察形容词worth的用法，be worth doing值得做某事，所以排除A和D。第二个空考察词组应该做某事用be supposed to do sth，主语是复合不定代词Everyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故选C
4. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth .
A.to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。be worth doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，故答案为D。
要点16
effort
(1) effort作名词，基本含意为“力气；努力”，作此解时只用作单数形式；effort还可以引申表示“努力；奋斗”，作此解时是可数名词；effort还可表示“作品；成就”，为可数名词。例如：
It doesn’t need much effort.
那不需要太多的努力。
A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.
为了这次展览投入了很大力量。
His efforts were wasted.
他的努力都白费了。
Finishing the work in one day was a very good effort.
在一天内完成这项工作是努力的结果。
（2）effort 常用于以下短语make efforts/ make an effort/ make every effort中，意为“做出努力”，后面常接动词不定式，表示“努力做某事”。例如：
The workers are making efforts to fulfill this year’s plan.
工人们正在努力完成今年的生产计划。
The prisoner made an effort to escape, but he couldn’t climb the prison wall.
囚犯企图越狱，但是爬不上监狱的墙。
I will make every effort to arrive on time.
我将尽一切努力准时到达。
【典例分析】
1.他决定再做一次努力。
He decided to________ ________ _______ ________.
【答案】make one more effort
2.Learning a foreign language needs a certain___________ no matter how easy it is.
A. excuse B. luck C. effort D. chance
【答案】C
【解析】：句意学习一门外语不管多么容易，都需要一定的_______。Excuse借口，原因。 luck运effort努力。chance机会。根据题意用选C
3.As we all know, the government is now making every _________ to set up a harmonious society.
A. effort B. success C. measure D. performance
【答案】A
【解析】句意：众所周知，政府现正全力建立和谐社会。
4.--What do you think of the young lady –She is hard working. She put all her ______ into her work before she got ill.
A. health B. effort C. force D. ability
【答案】B
【解析】你觉得这位年轻女士怎么样？–她工作很努力。她在生病前把全部精力都投入到工作中去了
5.Our dream will come true if we ________ on our study. So I________ study harder.
A. make an effort; plan to B. make an effort to; make a plan to
C. make an effort; make plans D. make an effort to; make plans to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们的梦想将会实现如果我们在我们的学习方面作出努力。所以我计划更加努力学习。
考查动词短语。make an effort on sth.“在某方面付出努力”；make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”；plan to do sth.=make a plan to do sth.=make plans to do sth.“计划做某事”。故选A。
要点17 behave
behave
（1）作动词，意为“表现，行为举止”。例如：
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
（2）作动词，意为“（机器等）开动，运转”。例如：
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【拓展】
（1）behavior作名词，意为“行为，举止；态度”。例如：
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
（2）behavior作名词，意为“（机器等的）运转状态，性能”。例如：
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
【答案】A
【解析】句意：学生们必须学会在课堂上举止得体。
2.I want you to behave ______ while I am away.
A. you B. yourselves C. me D. myself
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我要你在我不在的时候规矩点。behave oneself 放规矩点。
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
【答案】A
【解析】本小题考查动词词义辨析。behave意为“举止”；disappear意为“消失”；sense意为“感觉到；意识到”；develop意为“发展”。根据题干第二句“例如，在图书馆他们应该保持安静”可知，父母应该教育孩子在公共场合要“举止”得体，故选A。
要点18
mad 用作形容词，意为“生气的，恼火的”，同义词为angry。
a. be mad at sb.=be angry with sb. 生某人的气。
She was mad at her friend for losing the match last night.
b.mad 还有“狂热的，着迷的”意思，同义词为“crazy”。
be mad about sth. 狂热地迷恋某事
The young man was so mad about his new car. 这个年轻人如此迷恋他的新车。
c. mad还可意为“发疯的，疯狂的”。go mad 变疯
① be mad at (with) sb：生某人的气 （= be angry with sb）
② be mad about sth：对……着迷；对某事恼怒
be angry about sth：对某事感到很生气
【典例分析】
1.昨天他因为比赛输了对他说好友很生气。
She ________ ________ __________her friend __________ losing the match last night.
【答案】was mad with/at for. be mad at sb.=be angry with sb. 生某人的气。
2. 我弟弟最近对这本书很着迷。
My younger brother _________ _____________ ________ her new books recently.
【答案】was mad about be mad about sth：对……着迷；对某事恼怒.
3 . —Why are you so ______at Tom
—Because he broke my new camera and didn’t say sorry.
A. amazed B. pleased C. mad D. bored
【答案】C。考查形容词辨析。amazed“惊异的”; pleased“高兴的”; mad“生气的”; bored“厌烦的”, 根据句意, 故选C。
4.Linda's teacher was so mad ________ her because she made lots of mistakes in the test.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
【答案】A
【解析】句意：Linda的妈妈对她很生气，因为她在考试中犯了很多错误。
考查形容词短语。be mad at sb. 对某人生气；be mad in 无此搭配；be mad on sth. 对……着迷；be mad about sth. 对……狂热。根据题干“...because she made lots of mistakes in the test. ……因为她在考试中犯了很多错误”可知妈妈很生气，B符合语境，故选B。
要点19
manner
（1）作名词，表示“做事的方法, 事情发生的方式”。例如：
Why are you talking in such a strange manner
你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？
（2）作名词，表示“态度, 举止”。例如：
His manner was slightly rude, but you mustn’t mind.
他的态度有点粗鲁，但是你千万别介意。
（3）作名词，表示“礼貌, 礼节”，常用复数形式。例如：
It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth.
嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。
You should have good manners all the time.
任何时候都应该有礼貌。
（4）作名词，表示“风俗, 习俗”，常用复数形式。例如：
It is interesting to learn the manners and customs of other countries.
了解其他国家的风俗习惯是很有趣的。
【典例分析】
1.—People with good ______ are worth ______.
A. manner; learn from B. manners; learn from
C. manner; learning from D. manners; learning from
【答案】D
【解析】句意：有礼貌的人是值得学习的。
考查名词单复数以及非谓语。manner 礼貌；learn from 从……学习；manners 礼貌（复数）；learning from 从……学习（动名词或现在分词）。good manners “有礼貌的”，manner当“礼貌”讲用复数形式。be worth doing “值得做某事”。故选D。
【重点词组】
1. be supposed to do 被期望做;应该
2. shake hands 握手
3. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事
4. greet sb. in the wrong way 以错误的方式问候某人
5. hold out my hand 伸出我的手
6. be relaxed about 对……随意，放松
7. everyday life 日常生活
8. drop by 顺便拜访
9. as...as sb. can=as...as possible 尽可能……
10. on time 准时
11. after all 毕竟
12. get mad 生气
13. make an effort to do sth. 千方百計做某事
14. without doing sth. 没有做某事
15. avoid heavy traffic 避开繁忙的交通
16. It's no big deal. 这没有什么大不了的。
17. go abroad 出国
18. table manners 餐桌礼仪
19. point at 指着
20. face the biggest challenge 面临最大的挑战
21. there is no reason to do sth. 没有理由做某事
22. go out of ones way to do sth. 特地做某事
23. make sb. feel at home 使某人感到不拘束
24. be comfortable doing sth. 轻松/舒服地做某事
25. feel good about doing sth. 对做……感觉不错
26. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
【重点句式】
1. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but ...
我本来应该7点到的，但是。。。
2. That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.
这就是日本人互相问候的方式。
3. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
在瑞士，准时是非常重要的
4. If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon.
如果有人邀请你中午去见他或她，那么你应该在中午去。
5. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that.
你不会相信我的法语因为这个进步有多快。
6. I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
我现在讲法语很舒服。
7. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。
8. I don’t find French customs so strange anymore.
我觉得法国的风俗不再那么奇怪了。
9. Where I’m from， were pretty relaxed about time.
在我们那个地方，对时间观念的比较随意。
10. We value the time we spend with family and friends in our everyday lives.
我们珍惜在我们的日常生活中与家人、朋友共度的时光。
11. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it's impolite to keep others waiting.
我总是很早就离开家门以避免交通拥堵，因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。
12. Although I still make lots of mistakes， it doesn't bother me like it used to.
尽管我仍然会犯很多错，但它不像过去那样困扰我了。
13. I have to say， I find it difficult to remember everything， but I’m gradually getting used to things， and don't find them so strange any more.
我得说，我发现要记住每件事情很难，但我渐渐习惯了这些事情，并且不再觉得奇怪。
14 Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs.
让我给你一些关于中国风俗的建议和意见。
知识要点二 语法
be supposed to do, be expected to do 以及 “It is + adj.+ to do”句型的用法
1. be supposed to do的用法
(1) be supposed to do意为“应该做......;被期望做......” , 用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should。
We are supposed to regard our parents as friends.
我们应该把父母当作朋友。
(2) be supposed to do还可以表示“本应该做某事而没做”。
You were supposed to be here an hour ago!你本该一小时以前就到这儿!
2. be expected to do的用法
be expected to do意为“被期待做......”
You're expected to help them. 你被期望去帮助他们。
[常用搭配]
(1) expect sth.期待某事/某物
(2) expect to do sth.期待做某事
(3) expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
3.“It is + adj.+ to do”句型的用法
在此句型中，It作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语。“It's +adj.+ for/of sb. to do sth."意为“对于某人来说,做某事是...的”。当形容词为表示人的品质类的词(如kind, nice, clever, wise, foolish等)时,常用介词of;当形容词为表示事物的特征类的词(如important, easy, hard, difficult,
necessary等)时,常用介词for。
It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
It's hard for me to learn art. 对我来说,学习艺术很困难。
【教材典句】
1.他们应该鞠躬。(P73)
They're _________ _________ _________.
2.在美国,他们被期望握手。(P73)
In the United States, _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
3.在瑞士,准时是非常重要的。(P75)
In Switzerland,_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
【答案】1.supposed to bow
2.they’re expected to shake hands
3.it’s very important to be on time
语法精练
一、单项选择。
1. We are supposed _________ some housework with our parents when we have free time.
A. to share B. sharing C. shared D. share
2.—Is it necessary _________ us _________ photos before saving the old man
—Yes. it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.
A. of; taking B. for; taking
C. of; to take D. for; to take
3. Mr. Brown is expected _________ the chess competition.
A. winning B. win C. to win D. won
4. The weatherman says a rain shower _________ this afternoon in the south.
A. expects B. expected
C. is expected D. was expected
5.It's important for us _________ a healthy lifestyle.
A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept
二、句型转换。
1. They expected me to speak at the meeting.(改为被动语态)
I _________ _________ to speak at the meeting.
2. We shouldn't talk loudly in the reading room.(同义句转换)
We _________ _________ _________ talk loudly in the reading room.
3. Fating healthily is very important.(同义句转换)
_________ is very important _________ _________ healthily.
4. You should be on time for class.(同义句转换)
You _________ _________ _________ _________ on time for class.
【答案】一、单项选择。
1.-5 ADCCA
二、句型转换.
1.was expected 2.aren’t supposed to
3.It; to eat 4.are supposed to be
话题分析
本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。
一、写作方法
“三步法”写“介绍风俗类”作文
第一步：总体介绍
第二步：分细节介绍
第三步：以祝福或期待收尾
二、素材积累
“介绍风俗类”作文常用语块：
见面礼仪
custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first, second. then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, introduce younger ones to older ones,
餐桌礼仪
start to eat until everyone is at the table,
not start eating first if there are older people at the table,
not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl,
not point at anyone with your chopsticks, not make any noise when you eat your soup,
not speak with your mouth full of food,
not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks
待客与做客礼仪
serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave
“介绍风俗类”作文常用习语
When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
“After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。
Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。
Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。
三、句型积累：
1.You’re supposed to...你应该.....
2.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
3.Each country has different rules about social situations.每个国家都有不同的社交规则。
4.Let me give you some suggestions about...customs.让我给你一些关于....风俗的建议。
5.You should wear right clothes. 你应该衣着得体。
6.In our country, we should... when we meet for the first time.在我们国家，我们首次见面应该.....
7.When we see each other, it’s polite for...to....当我们彼此见面，我们.....是礼貌的。
8.It’s important to be on time.准时是很重要的。
9.I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.我认为让别人等是不礼貌的。
10.We never visit a friend’s house without calling first.不事先打电话我们从不拜访朋友家。
11.In China, you’re not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food.在中国，你不应把筷子插进食物里。
12.I was a little nervous before I arrived here.我到这里之前有点紧张。
13.Learning what you should do and not do in social situations may be difficult, but it’s worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
学习该做什么，不该做什么，或许是很难的，但是如果你想了解别的文化，这种麻烦是值得的。
14.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。
15.I hope you are having a good time there.希望你过得开心。
【实战演练】
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Wendy将来中国做一名交换生，她写信询问中国的风俗习惯。请你根据要点提示给她写一封回信，从三个方面给她提一些建议。
要点提示： 1. 吃饭时； 2. 到家里做客时； 3. 约他人外出时。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
1. 定基调
体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文 时态：一般现在时
人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。
2. 谋布局、写句子
中国的一些风俗习惯
1）吃饭时
（l）It's impolite to_____________________________（如果有老年人在餐桌上，先开始吃）.It's polite to ask them to start first.
⑵_____________________（不要用你的筷子敲空碗）.Never stick your chopsticks into your food.
2）到家做客时
(3)You’re supposed to______________________(和主人握手)when you meet each other for the first time.
(4)_________________________ (你不应该亲吻他们). You can say “ni hao” to them.
3）约他人外出时
You should choose a meeting place that is easy to find. (5)______________________________ (准时到达见面地点很重要).
3. 巧衔接
(1) 使用平行结构(It's ... to ... 和Never ...)能使文章节奏匀称，这是借助语法手段使文章衔接的一种方法。
(2)词汇的重复(be supposed to)和同义词的使用(be supposed to, should)也是使文章衔接的一种方法。
4. 添佳句
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (入乡随俗。)
5. 成篇章
Dear Wendy,
You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you're eating at the table, it's impolite to
In our house, you're supposed to _____________________
When you go out with people, you should __________________________
Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
答案
2. 谋布局、写句子
(1) start eating first if there are older people at the table
(2) Never / Don't use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl
(3) shake hands with the hosts
(4) You're not supposed to kiss / You shouldn't kiss them
(5) It's important to arrive at the meeting place on time
5. 成篇章
Dear Wendy,
You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you're eating at the table, it’s impolite to start eating first if there are older people at the table. It’spolite to ask them to start first. Never use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. Never stick your chopsticks into your food. In our house, you’re supposed to shake hands with the hosts when you meet each other for the first time. You’re not supposed to kiss them. You can say “nihao” to them. When you go out with people, you should choose a meeting place that is easy to find. It’s important to arrive at the meeting place on time. When inRome, do as the Romans do.
Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
1 / 7Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
(1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如：
I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。
（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。
【拓展】
（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。
（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。例如：
The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off.
这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。
（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。例如：
You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.
你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。
（4） be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。例如：
My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.
我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。
【典例分析】
1．It's time for you to go to bed. You ________ sleep at once.
A． are supposed to B． are afraid to C． are allowed to D． are suggested to
2.—Mr. Smith is in Shanghai now. I ________ he will come to your party.
—That'll be great!
A. plan B. suppose C. regret D. decide
3.You are ________ to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
4.我猜想我们下周将去那儿.
I suppose _______ ________ ________ _________next week.
5.我们所有的人都认为他很聪明.
We all________ _________ ________
6.你应该在9点钟到达这里.
You _______ _______ ________be here at nine.
7.你不能在公共汽车上抽烟.
You_________ ________ _________smoke on the bus.
要点2
(1) expect表示“期待，期望”，通常为及物动词，直接接宾语，还可接不定式的复合结构。例如：
We should not expect success overnight. 我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。
That’s just what we expected. 那正是我们所期望的。
(2) expect还可表示“预计，预料”等，后接名词或从句，接动词时要用不定式。例如：
I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。
I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。
I didn’t expect to find you here. 我没料到在这里找到你。
(3) expect后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。例如：
I don’t expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。
【典例分析】
1. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
2.—Waiter, there's a fly(苍蝇) swimming in my soup.
—So what do you me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员)
A. warn B. expect C. invite D. encourage
3. I hope _______ I will succeed in getting the job.
A. that B. whether C. if D. how
4.You are expected ________ a diary in English every day if you want to improve your writing skills.
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
5.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
You can't_______________ a foreign language in a few months.
6 他期望她同他一起去。
He___________________ with him.
7. 我预计星期日回来。
I__________ that I will be back on Sunday.
要点3
suggest及物动词，意为“建议，提议”，其主要用法为：
1.suggest sth. (to sb.)向某人提议/建议某事
He suggested a walk.
2.suggest doing sth.建议做某事
She suggested going there by bike.
3.suggest+ that引导宾语从句，“suggest＋that宾语从句”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
但suggest作“表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气。
4.He suggested (that) we (should) do it at once.
【拓展】
①suggest的名词形式为suggestion，意为“建议，提议”
May I make a suggestion
②在表示“建议某人做某事”时，可用advise sb. to do sth,不能用suggest sb. to do sth.
suggest sb. doing=advise sb. to do
advice和suggestion的辨析
advice 不可数名词 This is a piece of useful advice. 这是一条有用的建议。Who can give me some advice 谁能给我一些建议？
suggestion 可数名词 Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。
advice的动词形式为advise。advise和suggest的辨析
advise v.建议，常用于advise sb. to do sth.结构 He advises me to have a good rest.他建议我好好休息一下。
suggest v.建议， suggest sb. doing sth. I suggest having a good rest.我建议好好休息一下。
【典例分析】
1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ______ on how to improve my English!
—You’d better keep _____more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading
2.My teachers advise us ________ computer games. That is bad for our eyes.
A. to play B. playing C. not to play D. not play
3.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to learn English well.
A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem
4. The smile on his face suggested that he _______ happy to have given help to his classmates.
A. was B. should be C. had been D. would be
5. He came to my class every week， but his attitude______ he was not really interested in the subject.
A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested
6. She suggested _______ early so that we could catch the first train.
A. go get up B. getting up C. get up D. to getting up
7. I suggest that we _______ electric wires out of the reach of children.
A. keep B. shall keep C. kept D. be kept
8. Bob's doctor suggests ________ for a few weeks.
A. that he is resting B. he rest C. he resting D. him to rest
9.老师建议我们每天阅读。（完成句子）
The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ ___________ every day.
=The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ every day.
10. The article gives students some ________ about how to stay safe online.
A．suggestions B．activities C．decisions D．advantages
要点4 relax
relax是动词，可以作不及物动词或及物动词，作及物动词时，宾语是人，表示“使某人放松；使某人休息；使某人轻松”。例如：
Now I want to rest and relax. （作不及物动词）
现在我得休息一下，放松放松。
I need a cup of tea to relax myself. （作及物动词）
我需要喝杯茶使自己轻松一下。
【拓展】relaxed；relaxing
(1) relaxed是形容词，意为“某人感到轻松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”轻松。通常用来形容人。有类似用法的词有interested\excited\surprised\bored\tired。例如：
He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很轻松。
The song can make me relaxed. 这首歌让我感到轻松。
(2) relaxing是形容词，意为“某事情令人轻松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”轻松。通常用来修饰物或事。有类似用法的词有interesting\exciting\surprising\boring\tiring。例如：
The song is relaxing. 这首歌真使人轻松。
You can listen to relaxing music in the bath!
你可以边洗澡边听（令人）轻松的音乐。
【典例分析】
1. 1.Listening to some ________ songs or staying with friends always makes us ________ .
A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed
C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing
2. As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test, I felt _____ at once.
A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous
3.In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us .
A. bored; bored B. boring; boring
C. boring; bored D. bored; boring
4.—We all like Mr. Wang.
—I agree with you. He always makes his English classes .
A. interested B. interest C. interesting
5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
要点5
keep sb./sth. away
keep sb./sth. away (使)避开；(使)不靠近
例：Please keep the trash away. 请将垃圾放远一点。
【考点】keep此处用作及物动词，意为“使保持(某种状态)”。keep sb./sth. away意为“(使)避开；(使)不靠近”。
【重点】 keep的用法：
1). keep＋名词/形容词 保持……
Running is a good way to keep healthy. 跑步是保持健康的一种好方法。
2). keep＋宾语＋形容词 使……保持某种状态
We must keep the room clean. 我们必须保持这个房间干净。
3). keep (on) doing sth. 不断地做某事
I kept (on) thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我总是想着下午的比赛。
4). keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
I kept them waiting at the gate. 我让他们在大门口一直等着。
5). keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 防止或阻止某人/物做某事
We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须设法防止他们知道我们的计划。
拓展： keep构成的短语
keep doing sth 一直做某事
keep sb/sth doing sth 使某人/某事一直做某事
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep up with 跟上
keep in mind 记住
keep in touch with 保持联络
keep on 继续
【典例分析】
1. 你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗
Do you think we teenagers should __________ _____________ __________ the Internet
2. 使劲跑，别停！
Just __________ __________, don’t stop!
3. 我们要尽力保持卧室清洁整齐。
We should try to __________ the bedroom __________ and tidy.
4. 对不起，让你久等了。
I’m sorry for keeping you __________ for such a long time.
5. 疾风阻止我们去上学。
The strong wind keeps us __________ __________ to school.
6.这条白线是用来警告人们不许靠近的。
The white line is used for _________ _________ _____________.
7.为了学好英语，你必须用英语写日记。
In order to learn English well, you must _____________ _________ __________ in English.
8.记得经常保持联络。
Remember_________ _________ _______ ________ _________each other often.
9.别掉队，跟上别人！
Don’t fall behind,________ ________ _________ others.
10.我们要将安全永远放在心上。
We must ________ safety ___________ _________ forever.
11.大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
12.The flies are so terrible. Please ________．
A. keep it away B. keep them away
C. keep away them D. keep away it
13. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others_________ for a long time.
A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting
要点6 take off
（1）take off 意为 “起飞”。例如：
When will the plane take off 飞机什么时候起飞？
（2）take off还可作“脱下”讲，反义词组为put on，意为“穿上”。例如：
Put on your clothes. Don’t take them off. 把衣服穿上，别脱下。
（3）off还有不上学、不上班的意思，所以take some time off就是“请假”的意思。
【拓展】 常见的含有take的词组：
take turns轮流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出
take over接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take care当心，注意
take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take it easy别紧张
take down 取下、拿下；写下、记录； take in 吸入 领悟，理解
take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
【典例分析】
一、用take构成的短语完成句子
1.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
2.母亲把我们的盘子拿走，回来拿一些水果给我们吃
Mother _________our plates __________and came back with some fruit for us to eat.
3.那首曲子把我带回到童年时代
That music ________ me________ to my childhood.
4.我们需要把窗帘拿下来清洗下
We need to _________ __________ the curtains to be cleaned.
5. 如果你有钢笔，可以把我的电话号码记下来
If you have a pen, you can ________ _________ my phone number.
6.这种布料吸水性很好。
This kind of cloth _______ _______water very well.
7.飞往曼谷的航班准时起飞。
The flight for Bangkok ________ ________ on time.
8.天气太热了，所以我把夹克衫脱掉了
It was hot, so I________ my jacket __________.
9.她请两天假来照顾她奶奶。
She __________two days _________school to _________ _________ _________his grandma.
10.请在整个房子有臭味前把垃圾清除出去
Please _________ ________the trash before the whole house starts to smell.
11.自从他挂了之后，他的儿子就接管了他的公司。
His son has ________ ________ his company since he died。
12. 有关金融的书籍占用了三个书架
The books on finance_______ ________ three shelves.
13.The plane to Chengdu just now．You have to wait until tomorrow．
A. took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
14.My elder brother________ my wet sports shoes and made me sit by the fire.
A. took off B. kicked off
C. carried out D. put out
要点7 exchange
Exchange
(1)作动词，意为“交换”，引申可表示“交流”经验、思想等。例如：
The two girls always exchanged Christmas gifts.
两个女孩经常交换圣诞礼物。
We shall have opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.
我们明天有机会交换看法。
They exchanged experiences at the meeting.
他们在会上交流经验。
（2）exchange作及物动词时，其宾语后常接介词for，表示“以……换取”；接介词with表示“与某人交换(某物)/与某人交流（想法等）”。
例如：
I’d like to exchange a watch for a camera.
我想用表换相机。
Would you like to exchange places with me
你愿意跟我换一下地方吗
He likes to exchange ideas with others.
他喜欢与别人交流思想。
【拓展】
（1）exchange作名词，意为“交换”。例如：
There have been numerous exchanges of views between the two governments.
两国政府间曾多次交换意见。
（2）exchange作名词，意为“兑换，兑换率”。例如：
I’d like to know the exchange rate for German marks. 我想知道德国马克的兑换率。（3）exchange作名词，意为“交易所”。例如：She works at the Stock Exchange. 她在证券交易所工作。
要点8 except
except作介词，意为“除……之外”，其后跟名词、代词、介词短语、that从句或what从句。
例如：
I go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了周六和周日，我每天都上学。
【拓展】except; except for和but的辨析：
这三个短语都有“除……之外”的意思，但具体用法不同：
except 表示“除……之外（没有……）”，着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物。表示一种排除关系。有“减除”之意。
but 和except的用法基本相同。但着重强调整句的内容，且习惯上用于every；all； any；nothing；who等词后。
except for 表示“除……之外”，常对某种基本情况进行具体的、细节方面的修正，其后所接的词同句子的主语不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面。
例如：
We are all here except/but Tom. 除了Tom外，我们都到齐了。（不包括Tom）
She could do nothing but cry. 除了哭，她没有别的办法。
He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是个好人，除了脾气暴躁。
【典例分析】
1.The suit fitted him well＿＿＿the colour was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
2.Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
3. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
4.All the students went to the park yesterday _________ Eric. He had to look after his sister at home.
A. between B. except C. beside D. with
5.besides, except, except for和but 填空
1）He has nobody _____ himself to blame for that.
2）They all went to the Summer Palace _____ one.
3）Your essay is well written _____ one or two minor grammatical mistakes.
4）_____ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
5）Smith is a good man,______ his good manners.
要点9
（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如：
If they value these data, let them pay for them.
他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。
If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself.
如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。
（2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如：
I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。
The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds.
这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。
【拓展】
（1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如：
Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.
近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。
The value of this work experience should not be underestimated.
这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。
（2）valuable常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如：
Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。
【典例分析】
1.I never doubt ______ his advice is of great ______ to me.
A. that; valuable B. if; value C. whether; valuable D. that; value
2.Tom, you should ________ this iPad mini. It is________ .
A. value; value B. valuable; valuable
C. value; valuable D. valuable; value
3.This handbook is ________ for us to learn our lessons.
A. great value B. of valuable
C. of very value D. of great value
要点10
动词短语get used to表示“渐渐习惯……”，后接名词、代词作宾语。与同义短语“be used to”略有不同。get used to强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程，而“be used to”所强调的只是“习惯了”这个状态。例如：
The food here is not so tasty but you will get used to that.
这里的伙食不怎么样，但你会慢慢习惯的。
The food here is not so tasty but he is used to that.
这里的伙食不怎么样，但是他已经习惯了。
He is used to getting up early. 他习惯了早起。
比较
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A．used to get B．been used to get
C．used for getting D．been used to getting
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
3.We used to in the evening, but now we are used to early in the morning.
A. exercise; exercise B. exercise; exercising C. exercised; exercise D. exercising; exercise
4.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
要点11
Point n 有观点;看法;要点;
v. 指;指向;朝向;瞄准等意思
point 构成的词组区别：
point at，point to，point out
point at，point to和point out的意思都与“指”有关，但还是有一定区别。
1. point at习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物，意为“指着”，at是介词，着重于指的对象。
Don’t point at the words while you are reading. 读书时不要用手指着字。
2. point to多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物，意为“指向”，to也是介词，着重于指的方向。
He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said，“That’s my home.”
他指着河对岸的房子说:“那是我家。”
3. point out表示的是给某人指示方向，要点或错误等，意为“指出”，out是副词。
The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework. 老师指出我作业里的许多错误。
【典例分析】
1. “I'll have that one，” she said, ________ a big chocolate cake.
A． point at B． point to C． pointing out D． pointing at
2.You can’t stick your chopsticks ______ your food and you can’t point ______ anyone with them, either.
A. in; to B. of; at C. for; to D. into; at
3.The p __________ is that she doesn't know how to do it. （根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。）
4.就我的观点而言，我不喜欢这本书。
________ ________ _________ _________ _________. I don’t like this book.
5.这是一个简单的测试，用来证明我的观点
Here's a simple test to prove ________ ___________.
6.勒布朗詹姆斯在总决赛第二场中拿了33分。【篮球得分】
LeBron James _______ ________ ________ in the final Game 2.
7.用point at， point to 和point out 填空。
1）Don’t_________ others with your chopsticks while eating.
2）Tom ____________the man outside our school and asked me who he was.
3）My English teacher _____________my mistakes in the composition.
要点12
As soon as的用法
1. 一经...;立即...;一...就...
as soon as表示一......就，其中的从句通常用一般现在时表示将来时。
这个短语用的比较常用，口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是，在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态。例如：
1、指未发生的动作，规律是：主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时
如：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back。
注：有时，为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何如何，需要用现在完成时。
如：I will go with you as soon as I have washed my face.
2、指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主从句都用一般过去时
如 He took out his English books as soon as he sat down
不过，我也见过从句和主句都用一般现在时的情况。
如：As soon as he finishes his classwork, he runs out of the class. 他一做完课堂作业，就跑出了教室。
He jumped out of bed as soon as he was called.一听到有人叫他，他立即跳下床来。
【典例分析】
1. Phone me _______ you get to Wuzhong．
A． since B． so that C． as soon as D． while
3.Jack's mother was so tired. She fell asleep she lay down on the bed.
A. until B. as soon as C. unless D. although
要点13
drop by 随便来，随便来玩，随便走访，非正式访问
例句：
Drop by whenever you have time.
如果有空随便来
Drop by whenever you feel like it.
随时即兴就来我这儿坐坐
【典例分析】
1.He will ________ his friend's home when he comes here next time.
A． drop by B． drop out C． drop off D． drop in
I’d like to drop_______ on my way home if I have time
A in B by C on D from
3.— I want to________ my friends’ home this afternoon. Would you mind my________ back a little late
—Not at all. Just go ahead.
A. drop by; come B. dropped in; coming
C. drop by; coming D. dropped at; come
4.—Do you need to call Henry before you go to his house
—No, I don't need to. I often ________ his house.
A. cut up B. knock into C. dream of D. drop by
要点14
辨析It is +adj+(for sb.) to do sth / It is+adj+(of sb.) to do sth
It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关, 这个adj.是用来形容sb.的,表示某人这么做是太adj.了
It’s very kind of you to help me.
把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind to help me.是说得通的.
It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj.
这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的
It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem.
注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.
It’s very kind of you to help me.
It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A．for; to answer B．of; to answer C．for; answer
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo．
A．for us taking B．of us to take C．of us taking D．for us to take
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
7.能设计这么好的计划，他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
要点15
worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。
①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。
The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。
②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。
The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。
③“be worth+名词”意为“值得
I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。
【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。
The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
【典例分析】
1.—People with good ______ are worth ______.
A. manner; learn from B. manners; learn from
C. manner; learning from D. manners; learning from
2. —Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother
—Yes, it's well worth ________. It's ________ moving that I've seen it twice.
A. seeing；too B. to see；too
C. seeing；so D. to see；so
3.The book is worth . Everyone buy one and read it.
A. read; be supposed to B. reading; is supposed
C. reading; is supposed to D. read; are supposed to
4. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth .
A.to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting
要点16
effort
(1) effort作名词，基本含意为“力气；努力”，作此解时只用作单数形式；effort还可以引申表示“努力；奋斗”，作此解时是可数名词；effort还可表示“作品；成就”，为可数名词。例如：
It doesn’t need much effort.
那不需要太多的努力。
A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.
为了这次展览投入了很大力量。
His efforts were wasted.
他的努力都白费了。
Finishing the work in one day was a very good effort.
在一天内完成这项工作是努力的结果。
（2）effort 常用于以下短语make efforts/ make an effort/ make every effort中，意为“做出努力”，后面常接动词不定式，表示“努力做某事”。例如：
The workers are making efforts to fulfill this year’s plan.
工人们正在努力完成今年的生产计划。
The prisoner made an effort to escape, but he couldn’t climb the prison wall.
囚犯企图越狱，但是爬不上监狱的墙。
I will make every effort to arrive on time.
我将尽一切努力准时到达。
【典例分析】
1.他决定再做一次努力。
He decided to________ ________ _______ ________.
2.Learning a foreign language needs a certain___________ no matter how easy it is.
A. excuse B. luck C. effort D. chance
3.As we all know, the government is now making every _________ to set up a harmonious society.
A. effort B. success C. measure D. performance
4.--What do you think of the young lady –She is hard working. She put all her ______ into her work before she got ill.
A. health B. effort C. force D. ability
5.Our dream will come true if we ________ on our study. So I________ study harder.
A. make an effort; plan to B. make an effort to; make a plan to
C. make an effort; make plans D. make an effort to; make plans to
要点17 behave
behave
（1）作动词，意为“表现，行为举止”。例如：
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
（2）作动词，意为“（机器等）开动，运转”。例如：
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【拓展】
（1）behavior作名词，意为“行为，举止；态度”。例如：
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
（2）behavior作名词，意为“（机器等的）运转状态，性能”。例如：
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
2.I want you to behave ______ while I am away.
A. you B. yourselves C. me D. myself
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
要点18
mad 用作形容词，意为“生气的，恼火的”，同义词为angry。
a. be mad at sb.=be angry with sb. 生某人的气。
She was mad at her friend for losing the match last night.
b.mad 还有“狂热的，着迷的”意思，同义词为“crazy”。
be mad about sth. 狂热地迷恋某事
The young man was so mad about his new car. 这个年轻人如此迷恋他的新车。
c. mad还可意为“发疯的，疯狂的”。go mad 变疯
① be mad at (with) sb：生某人的气 （= be angry with sb）
② be mad about sth：对……着迷；对某事恼怒
be angry about sth：对某事感到很生气
【典例分析】
1.昨天他因为比赛输了对他说好友很生气。
She ________ ________ __________her friend __________ losing the match last night.
2. 我弟弟最近对这本书很着迷。
My younger brother _________ _____________ ________ her new books recently.
3 . —Why are you so ______at Tom
—Because he broke my new camera and didn’t say sorry.
A. amazed B. pleased C. mad D. bored
4.Linda's teacher was so mad ________ her because she made lots of mistakes in the test.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
要点19
manner
（1）作名词，表示“做事的方法, 事情发生的方式”。例如：
Why are you talking in such a strange manner
你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？
（2）作名词，表示“态度, 举止”。例如：
His manner was slightly rude, but you mustn’t mind.
他的态度有点粗鲁，但是你千万别介意。
（3）作名词，表示“礼貌, 礼节”，常用复数形式。例如：
It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth.
嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。
You should have good manners all the time.
任何时候都应该有礼貌。
（4）作名词，表示“风俗, 习俗”，常用复数形式。例如：
It is interesting to learn the manners and customs of other countries.
了解其他国家的风俗习惯是很有趣的。
【典例分析】
1.—People with good ______ are worth ______.
A. manner; learn from B. manners; learn from
C. manner; learning from D. manners; learning from
【重点词组】
1. be supposed to do 被期望做;应该
2. shake hands 握手
3. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事
4. greet sb. in the wrong way 以错误的方式问候某人
5. hold out my hand 伸出我的手
6. be relaxed about 对……随意，放松
7. everyday life 日常生活
8. drop by 顺便拜访
9. as...as sb. can=as...as possible 尽可能……
10. on time 准时
11. after all 毕竟
12. get mad 生气
13. make an effort to do sth. 千方百計做某事
14. without doing sth. 没有做某事
15. avoid heavy traffic 避开繁忙的交通
16. It's no big deal. 这没有什么大不了的。
17. go abroad 出国
18. table manners 餐桌礼仪
19. point at 指着
20. face the biggest challenge 面临最大的挑战
21. there is no reason to do sth. 没有理由做某事
22. go out of ones way to do sth. 特地做某事
23. make sb. feel at home 使某人感到不拘束
24. be comfortable doing sth. 轻松/舒服地做某事
25. feel good about doing sth. 对做……感觉不错
26. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
【重点句式】
1. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but ...
我本来应该7点到的，但是。。。
2. That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.
这就是日本人互相问候的方式。
3. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
在瑞士，准时是非常重要的
4. If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon.
如果有人邀请你中午去见他或她，那么你应该在中午去。
5. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that.
你不会相信我的法语因为这个进步有多快。
6. I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
我现在讲法语很舒服。
7. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。
8. I don’t find French customs so strange anymore.
我觉得法国的风俗不再那么奇怪了。
9. Where I’m from， were pretty relaxed about time.
在我们那个地方，对时间观念的比较随意。
10. We value the time we spend with family and friends in our everyday lives.
我们珍惜在我们的日常生活中与家人、朋友共度的时光。
11. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it's impolite to keep others waiting.
我总是很早就离开家门以避免交通拥堵，因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。
12. Although I still make lots of mistakes， it doesn't bother me like it used to.
尽管我仍然会犯很多错，但它不像过去那样困扰我了。
13. I have to say， I find it difficult to remember everything， but I’m gradually getting used to things， and don't find them so strange any more.
我得说，我发现要记住每件事情很难，但我渐渐习惯了这些事情，并且不再觉得奇怪。
14 Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs.
让我给你一些关于中国风俗的建议和意见。
知识要点二 语法
be supposed to do, be expected to do 以及 “It is + adj.+ to do”句型的用法
1. be supposed to do的用法
(1) be supposed to do意为“应该做......;被期望做......” , 用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should。
We are supposed to regard our parents as friends.
我们应该把父母当作朋友。
(2) be supposed to do还可以表示“本应该做某事而没做”。
You were supposed to be here an hour ago!你本该一小时以前就到这儿!
2. be expected to do的用法
be expected to do意为“被期待做......”
You're expected to help them. 你被期望去帮助他们。
[常用搭配]
(1) expect sth.期待某事/某物
(2) expect to do sth.期待做某事
(3) expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
3.“It is + adj.+ to do”句型的用法
在此句型中，It作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语。“It's +adj.+ for/of sb. to do sth."意为“对于某人来说,做某事是...的”。当形容词为表示人的品质类的词(如kind, nice, clever, wise, foolish等)时,常用介词of;当形容词为表示事物的特征类的词(如important, easy, hard, difficult,
necessary等)时,常用介词for。
It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
It's hard for me to learn art. 对我来说,学习艺术很困难。
【教材典句】
1.他们应该鞠躬。(P73)
They're _________ _________ _________.
2.在美国,他们被期望握手。(P73)
In the United States, _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
3.在瑞士,准时是非常重要的。(P75)
In Switzerland,_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
语法精练
一、单项选择。
1. We are supposed _________ some housework with our parents when we have free time.
A. to share B. sharing C. shared D. share
2.—Is it necessary _________ us _________ photos before saving the old man
—Yes. it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.
A. of; taking B. for; taking
C. of; to take D. for; to take
3. Mr. Brown is expected _________ the chess competition.
A. winning B. win C. to win D. won
4. The weatherman says a rain shower _________ this afternoon in the south.
A. expects B. expected
C. is expected D. was expected
5.It's important for us _________ a healthy lifestyle.
A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept
二、句型转换。
1. They expected me to speak at the meeting.(改为被动语态)
I _________ _________ to speak at the meeting.
2. We shouldn't talk loudly in the reading room.(同义句转换)
We _________ _________ _________ talk loudly in the reading room.
3. Fating healthily is very important.(同义句转换)
_________ is very important _________ _________ healthily.
4. You should be on time for class.(同义句转换)
You _________ _________ _________ _________ on time for class.
话题分析
本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。
一、写作方法
“三步法”写“介绍风俗类”作文
第一步：总体介绍
第二步：分细节介绍
第三步：以祝福或期待收尾
二、素材积累
“介绍风俗类”作文常用语块：
见面礼仪
custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first, second. then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, introduce younger ones to older ones,
餐桌礼仪
start to eat until everyone is at the table,
not start eating first if there are older people at the table,
not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl,
not point at anyone with your chopsticks, not make any noise when you eat your soup,
not speak with your mouth full of food,
not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks
待客与做客礼仪
serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave
“介绍风俗类”作文常用习语
When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
“After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。
Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。
Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。
三、句型积累：
1.You’re supposed to...你应该.....
2.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
3.Each country has different rules about social situations.每个国家都有不同的社交规则。
4.Let me give you some suggestions about...customs.让我给你一些关于....风俗的建议。
5.You should wear right clothes. 你应该衣着得体。
6.In our country, we should... when we meet for the first time.在我们国家，我们首次见面应该.....
7.When we see each other, it’s polite for...to....当我们彼此见面，我们.....是礼貌的。
8.It’s important to be on time.准时是很重要的。
9.I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.我认为让别人等是不礼貌的。
10.We never visit a friend’s house without calling first.不事先打电话我们从不拜访朋友家。
11.In China, you’re not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food.在中国，你不应把筷子插进食物里。
12.I was a little nervous before I arrived here.我到这里之前有点紧张。
13.Learning what you should do and not do in social situations may be difficult, but it’s worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
学习该做什么，不该做什么，或许是很难的，但是如果你想了解别的文化，这种麻烦是值得的。
14.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。
15.I hope you are having a good time there.希望你过得开心。
【实战演练】
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Wendy将来中国做一名交换生，她写信询问中国的风俗习惯。请你根据要点提示给她写一封回信，从三个方面给她提一些建议。
要点提示： 1. 吃饭时； 2. 到家里做客时； 3. 约他人外出时。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
1. 定基调
体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文 时态：一般现在时
人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。
2. 谋布局、写句子
中国的一些风俗习惯
1）吃饭时
（l）It's impolite to_____________________________（如果有老年人在餐桌上，先开始吃）.It's polite to ask them to start first.
⑵_____________________（不要用你的筷子敲空碗）.Never stick your chopsticks into your food.
2）到家做客时
(3)You’re supposed to______________________(和主人握手)when you meet each other for the first time.
(4)_________________________ (你不应该亲吻他们). You can say “ni hao” to them.
3）约他人外出时
You should choose a meeting place that is easy to find. (5)______________________________ (准时到达见面地点很重要).
3. 巧衔接
(1) 使用平行结构(It's ... to ... 和Never ...)能使文章节奏匀称，这是借助语法手段使文章衔接的一种方法。
(2)词汇的重复(be supposed to)和同义词的使用(be supposed to, should)也是使文章衔接的一种方法。
4. 添佳句
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (入乡随俗。)
5. 成篇章
Dear Wendy,
You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you're eating at the table, it's impolite to
In our house, you're supposed to _____________________
When you go out with people, you should __________________________
Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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