Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
1. 当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是：
(1) make sth. 意为“制造某物”。
She can make kites. 她会制作风筝。
(2) make sb. sth. / make sth. for sb. 意为“为某人制作某物”。
His mother made him a beautiful coat. / His mother made a beautiful coat for him.
他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。
(3) 被动语态中常用be made of / from, be made in, be made by等短语来表示
①be made of “….是由….制成的”（能看出原材料）
②be made from“….是由….制成的”（不能看出原材料）
③be made in“……是在（某地）制造”
④be made by “由/被某人制造”
⑤be made into“被制成；被做成…”
⑥be made up of“由….组成”
Wine is made from grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制成的。
These cars were made in Changchun. 这些汽车是在长春制造的。
2. 当make的意思是“使、使得”时，一般用于“make + 宾语 + 宾补”这种结构，常用的句型是：
(1) make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事（相当于let sb. do sth./have sb. do sth.）
Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts.
我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。
当把这样的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号to必须要还原。
We are often made to retell the texts (by our English teacher).
(2)make + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“使某人/某物(感到)……”。
The news made him happy. 这个消息使他很高兴。
可用的形容词有：happy, pleased, surprised, angry, sad, sick upset, worried, anxious, excited, relaxed, stressed out, tense, calm, comfortable, shy，nervous， unhappy，annoyed， tired，sleepy……等
(3)make + sb. / sth. + done. 意为“使某人/某物被……”。
I tried to make myself understood while in other country.
3、make构成的短语：
make the bed铺床 make money赚钱 make trouble/mistakes犯错
make friends 交朋友 make noises/a noise 制造噪音 make yourself at home 请自便 make progress 取得进步
make up 编造/化妆/构成 make a decision 下决定
make sure （确信、弄清楚） make up one's mind 下决心
【典例分析】
1. The scarf which is________ silk________ soft and comfortable.
A．made from; sounds B．made of; feels
C．made in; smells D．made up of; smells
2．Some goods made ________ Western countries are very expensive.
A．by B．in C．from D．of
3. Books are made ________ paper while paper is mainly made ________ wood.
A．of; of B．from; from C．of; from D．from; of
4. The good news made all of us ________.
A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. happiest
5 Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made _____by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
6. Can you make yourself ________ in English
A. understand B. understood
C. understanding D. to understand
7. The children were made homework first.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
8.我爷爷做的这种果汁，是由多种水果做的。
The juice which __________ ___________ _________many kinds of fruits is ___________ _________ my grandpa.
9.这支医疗队由12名医生组成。
This medical team _________ _________ ________ ________ 12 doctors.
10我的宠物常常使我高兴。
My pet often ________ _______ _________.
11昨天我们选他当班长。
We ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
要点2
would rather “宁愿；宁可；更喜欢”，后跟动词原形.
◆would rather do sth. =prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事
I would rather stay at home because it’s cold outside.我宁愿呆在家里，因为外面冷。
◆否定句：would rather not do sth.宁愿不做某事
He would rather not listen to jazz. 他宁愿不听爵士乐。
◆疑问句：将would提到句首
Would you rather stay at home or play tennis with us
你宁愿呆在家里还是和我一起打网球？
◆would rather do than do= prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I would rather watch TV at home than go out for a walk.
【典例分析】
1.--- Let’s play football on the playground.
--- It’s too hot outside. I would rather ________ at home than ________ out.
A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go
2. —What a heavy rain!
—So it is. I prefer ________ rather than on such a rainy day.
A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go out
C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home; go out
3. I would rather ________ the chance than ________ her．
A not to take；to hurt B. not take；hurt
C. not taking；hurting D. don’t take；to hurt
要点3 feel like
feel like
（1）“感觉像……，摸起来像……”。例如：
I feel like a child. 我感觉自己像个小孩子。
My legs feel like cotton wool. 我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。
（2）“想要……”。后接代词、名词或动名词。例如：
Do you feel like some fish for supper 晚饭你想吃些鱼吗？
I feel like doing something different today.我今天想要做点别的事情。
I don’t feel like cooking. Let’s eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。
He slept badly and didn’t feel like eating.他睡眠很差并且不想吃东西。
（3）It feels like…句型可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像要……，似乎是……”。例如：
It feels like tea time. 好像喝茶的时间到了。
【典例分析】
1.The old man has a bad stomach, and he doesn't feel like ________anything these days.
A. to eat B. eating C. eaten D. to be eaten
要点4 let…down
let…down
（1）意为“使…失望或沮丧”。例如：
The team felt that they had let the coach down．
队员们觉得他们让教练失望了。
He won’t let you down；he’s very reliable．
他不会让你失望的，他很靠得住。
（2）意为“放下”。例如：
Please let down the blinds．请把百叶窗放下。
（3）意为“慢下来；松懈”。例如：
The horse let down near the end of the race and lost．
那匹马在近终点时慢了下来，所以输了。
Don’t let down even if the going is good．
即使在顺利的情况下也不要松劲。
【注意】
down是副词，当代词做宾语时，要放在let和down中间且用宾格形式。例如：
Failing in the exam lets him down. 考试没及格让他非常沮丧。
【典例分析】
1. You can't let your teacher ________ again，or you will be ________ school.
A. down；kicked off B. off；kicking away
C. off；kicked away D. down；kicking off
2.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。
It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
3. Mona tries her best to study hard in order not to ______ her parents ______.
A. keep, down B. cut ,down C. put, down D. let, down
要点5 spend
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
【答案】A 句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb. spend some money/some time on/doing sth.
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
要点6 neither ...nor...
neither ...nor... 是固定结构，意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都否定。例如：
It’s neither cold nor hot. 天气既不冷也不热。
He neither knows nor cares what happened.
他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。
辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or…
这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。
（1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如：
She was both tired and hungry.
她又累又饿。
He speaks both English and French.
他既说英语又说法语。
（2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如：
He must be either mad or drunk.
他不是疯了就是醉了。
You can either write or phone to request a copy.
你可以写信可打电话来索取一本。
（3）not only…..but also
★not only … but also连接两个分句时，not only可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。
Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working.
【注意】
以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如：
Either you or I am wrong.
不是你错就是我错。
Neither he nor she was at home.
他和她都不在家。
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
【典例分析】
1. —Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader
—The Reader, of course. ________ I ________ my brother likes it.
A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
2.Not only the students but also the teacher ________ invited.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
3.—How do you like the two pairs of shoes
—They don't fit me. They are ________too big ________too small.
A. not only…but also… B. neither…nor… C. either…or… D. prefer…to…
4. He speaks _________English _______French. Instead, he speaks German.
A. either; or B. not only ; but also C. both; and D. neither; nor
5.完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
3. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
4. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
6, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
要点7 hard和hardly
hardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。
（1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。
hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。例如：
This ground is too hard to dig.
这块地太硬，挖不动。
I work hard at school.
我在学校努力学习。
They tried hard to succeed.
他们努力工作，以求得成功。
【拓展】hard组成的常见词组有：
work hard at…“努力于……”；（hard作副词）
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉。（hard作形容词）。例如：
He is working hard at English.
他正在努力学习英语。
A good boss knows when to be hard on his employees.
一个精明的老板知道何时应对员工严格要求。
（2）hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not，并非hard的副词形式。例如：
There is hardly any coffee left. = There’s almost no coffee left.
几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。
【典例分析】
1.—I have some trouble in learning maths.
—Take it easy, because we can __________avoid meeting problems in study.
A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly
2. It rained ______. People could _______ go out.
A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hardly C. hardly, hard D. hard, hard
3.It is ______ for him to get to school on time, because it is raining ______.
A .hard ; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly hardly
4. The boss is hard ______ his workers. He has kicked some of them______ for some small mistakes.
A. at, at B. at, from C. on, off D. on, away
5. The boy is very naughty, So you must __________ him.
A. be hard on B. be close to C. be friends with D. be good for
要点8
disappointed的用法
disappointed作形容词,意为“感到失望的;沮丧的”。常用搭配:be disappointed with/in sb.“对某人感到失望”;be disappointed at/about sth.“对某事/某一行为感到失望”;be disappointed to do sth.“对做某事感到失望”。例如:
The teacher was very disappointed with us.老师对我们很失望。
He was disappointed at/about the result.他对这个结果很失望。
He was disappointed to hear the news.听到这个消息他很失望。
辨析disappointed与disappointing
disappointed 意为“感到失望的”,主语通常是人,表示人的一种感受。
disappointing 意为“令人失望的”,通常修饰事物,表示事物的一种特点或给人的一种感觉。
【拓展】
英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：
exciting 令人兴奋的 boring 令人厌烦的 moving 令人感动的
excited （人）感到兴奋的 bored（人）感到厌烦的 moved（人）感动的
tiring 令人厌倦的 surprising令人惊讶的
tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 surprised（人）感到惊讶的
【典例分析】
1.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。
It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
2.We are all very ____________（disappoint）, because the result is too __________（disappoint）.
3.—I was very__________ because our school volleyball team didn't come to the final.
—Victory and defeat are the common things of men.
A. patient B. excited C. careful D. disappointed
4 I failed the exam．What_________ news! My parents said that they were_________ at my grades．
A. disappointing；disappointing B. disappointing；disappointed
C. disappointed；disappointed D. disappointed；disappointing
5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
要点9 besides
besides adv.而且
besides作副词，意为“而且”，引出另一种情况，以作补充。可用于句首、句尾，也可用于句中常用逗号隔开。It's too late to go out now. Besides, it's going to rain. 现在出去太晚了。而且要下雨了。
【辨析】except、except for与besides
except：“除…之外”，后面的内容不包括在内
except for：“除…之外”，说明整体基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，表示“美中不足的是…”
besides：“除…之外还有…”，后面的内容包括在内
【典例分析】
1.Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
2. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
3.All the students went to the park yesterday _________ Eric. He had to look after his sister at home.
A. between B. except C. beside D. with
4. ----What other languages do you like ______ English ----I also like French and Janpanese.
A. except B. besides C. beside D. but
5.besides, except, except for和but 填空
1）He has nobody _____ himself to blame for that.
2）They all went to the Summer Palace _____ one.
3）Your essay is well written _____ one or two minor grammatical mistakes.
4）_____ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
5）Smith is a good man,______ his good manners.
要点10 courage
courage n.勇敢；勇气
courage名词，意为“勇敢；勇气”， have courage to do sth.意为“有勇气做某事”。
【例句】He showed great courage and determination.他表现得十分勇敢和果断。
【拓展】encourage作动词，意为“鼓励；支持”。
常用搭配：encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。
Her first success encouraged her (work) even harder.
她的首次成功鼓励她更加努力地工作。
【典例分析】
1.我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。
Ms. Wang always _________ __________ ________ speak English in class。
2. Tom is shy, but he spoke in front of the class this morning. What great _____ he showed!
A. will B. fun C. pride D. courage
3.His coach encouraged him ________ the competition.
A. enter B. entered C. entering D. to enter
4. Jane is a shy girl. She doesn’t have the ______ to speak to strangers.
A. chance B. thought C. courage D. decision
要点11
agreement的用法
1.agreement作名词,意为“同意;协定;协议”。常用短语in agreement意为“持相同意见”。若表示“与某人意见一致”时,后面接介词with,即in agreement with sb.。但表示“在某方面意见一致”时,应接介词on或upon,即in agreement on/upon sth.。例如:
My teacher nodded in agreement.我的老师同意地点了点头。
He is in agreement with you on that point.在那一点上,他与你意见一致。
2.agreement的动词形式为agree,意为“答应;同意”。用法如下:
(1)agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”。例如:
He agreed to help us.他同意帮助我们。
(2)agree with sb.意为“同意某人的意见”。例如:
He didn’t agree with us.他不同意我们的意见。
(3)agree to sth.意为“同意某事”,to后面一般接表示计划、建议、办法等的名词。
【典例分析】
1 Are you in _______________(agree) about the price
2. —Would you like to go on a picnic with us this Sunday
—I'd love to, but I have to get my parents' ________ first.
A. agreement B. surprise C. offer D. share
3.用agree with 和agree to填空
1)The food does not _____________ me.
2)He _______________the plan.
3)We ______________ leave early.
4)I _____________ what you say.
要点12
weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。例如：
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
（1）weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：
What’s your weight 你体重是多少？
（2）比较：by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中：
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少？”
－What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重？
－I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1）Please____________ the apples.
2）How much does the elephant __________
3)It is 46 meters high and ___________ 229 tons.
4)The car___________ about two tons.
5)what is the bag's ___________
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
4.You'd better not eat too much fast food, such as potato chips and hamburgers, if you don't want to put on ______.
A. wealth B. weight C. power D. fame
要点13
be worried about 为……担忧
【解析】be worried about意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。
We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。
【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worry about 意为“担心”，强调动作。
Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard.
不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。
【典例分析】
1.我很担心我弟弟。
I__________ _________ __________ my brother.
I__________ _________ my brother.
2. It was getting too dark. Lisa didn't arrive home. Her parents were ________ her safety.
A. relaxed about B. excited about
C. worried about D. busy with
要点14 give up
give up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。
【典例分析】
1．—Song Joong ki is a movie star in Asia now.
—That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident.
A. give up B. set up C. take up D. put up
2. Andrea Bo will never______, which makes him a successful singer.
A. takes away B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up
3 —It’s too hard for me to be a trail walker.
—Never______. Believe in yourself!
A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up
4. In the song I Bet My Life, the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to ______ catching their dreams.
A. give up B. give out C. give in D. give off
5.我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。
My brother has decided to __________ ___________ _____________.
要点15
“so+ adj. +that.…”结构，表示“如此…以至于…”，that引导结果状语从句。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.这个男孩太小，不能上学。
【辨析】so…that.与such…that..
so...that， such...that与so that
so…..that 引导结果状语从句 常用结构有：so+ adj. /adv.+that 从句；so+ adj.+a / an +可数名词单数+ that从句
such...that 引导结果状语从句 常用结构有：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句；such+adj.+可数名词复数+that从such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句
so that 既可引导目的状语，也可引导结果状语从句 引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can/could/would/should等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，意为“因此；所以“，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句在so that前可以用逗号
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of the new movie Wandering Earth（《流浪地球》）
—It’s____ wonderful I really like it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
2. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order
3.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. （2019，江苏宿迁卷）
A. so B. very C. such D. quite
4. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
5. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
6. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic.
a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day
7.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句)
①Jim is __________young __________look after himself.
Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself.
要点16
本句属于“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”结构，表示“越…….越.……”.前一个分句作状语，表示假
条件、时间等，后一个分句表示结果。
The more he eats, the heavier he will be.他吃得越多，就会越胖。
【拓展】（1)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越…”表示事物的逐渐递进。
When spring comes, the weather gets warmer and warmer.
当春天到来时，天气变得越来越暖和。
（2）多音节或部分双音节的形容词或副词表达“越来越..…”时，用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级”结构。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful . 我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
3.Can you tell me why you learn English so well
—It’s very simple. _______ you work，_______ grades you will get.
A. The harder；the best B. The hard：the better
C. Harder；better D. The harder；the better
4. —You shouldn't eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health.
—You're right.________ junk food I eat, ________I will be.
A. The less；the healthier B. The less；the healthy
C. The more；the healthier D. The more；the healthy
要点17
to one's surprise and relief 意为“令某人吃惊和欣慰的是”
to one's surprise意为“令某人吃惊的是”
to one's relief 意为“令某人欣慰的是”。
例:To his surprise, the lost pencil is in his pencil-box.
使他吃惊的是，那支丢了的铅笔就在他的铅笔盒里。
To Mr. Li's relief, his son kissed his cheek.
让李先生感到欣慰的是，儿子亲吻了他的脸颊。
知识拓展
1. to one’s+表示情绪的名词(如pleasure, surprise等)”表示“令某人......的是”通常用作插入语，放在句首，用逗号与其他部分隔开
2. in/with surprise/relief意为“惊奇地/欣慰地”，用作状语
例: Bill looked at me in surprise.比尔诧异地看着我。
【典例分析】
1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.
A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with
要点18
lately 副词，“最近、近来”，相当于recently。
如：What have you been doing lately
Late, later, latest, lately辨析：
late是形容词、副词。意为“晚的”。
如：He is always late. He comes late.
latest是late的最高级，最晚的，最新的。
如：This is the latest news
later是late的比较级，较晚的，更迟的；也可以作为副词，后来，稍后，一会。
如：I get up at 10, he is later than me, at 11!
Try again later 稍后再打
【典例分析】
1.My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________ news about the war？
A. lately B. latest C. later D. later
2.用late，lately，later，latest，latter填空
1)I haven't heard of him ________. What's happened
2)That happened in the ________ 1870s.
3)He returned three days ________ than expected.
4)Which do you prefer, the former or the ________
5)Here is the ________ news from the front.
要点19
be sure about
①. be sure about / ( of )……（名词/ doing sth）：对……确信，有把握
②. be sure to do sth：一定，务必，确信去坐某事
③. be sure + (that)从句：我确信，我肯定会……
【典例分析】
1. They are all sure _________________ winning the football match.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
2.我确信他会来。
I___________ __________ ___________ his coming.
要点20
drive v.迫使
drive是及物动词，意为“迫使”，其过去式和过去分词形式分别为drove和driven。
drive sb. crazy/mad 使某人发疯/发狂
drive sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事（尤指不好的事情）
Sticking in a traffic jam during the rush hour drove her crazy/mad. 在交通高峰期被困使她抓狂。
【拓展】drive的其他相关用法：
drive v. 驾驶；开车n. 驱车旅行；驾车路程
driver n. 驾驶员
【典例分析】
1.—What’s wrong with you
—What Bob did like this really ________me crazy.
A. drives B. lets C. allows D. remains
【重点短语】
1．make me sleepy使我困倦
2．drive sb. crazy/mad使……发疯/发狂
3．the more…the more…越……越……
4．be friends with sb.成为某人的朋友
5．feel left out感觉被忽视
6．don't feel like eating不想吃东西
7．for no reason毫无理由
8．neither…nor…既不……也不……
9．take one's position替代某人的职位
10．to start with起初；开始时
11．remain unhappy forever永远不幸福
12.get good grades on an exam在考试中取得好成绩
13.get into a fight with your best friend与你最好的朋友发生争吵
14. nod in agreement点头同意
15.pull together齐心协力
16．miss scoring the goal错过进球
17．let…down使……失望
18．kick sb. off开除
19．support each other相互支持
20．rather than而不是
【重点句子】
1．—I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.
我更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅，因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。
—But that music makes me sleepy.但那种音乐使我困倦。
2．Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy.等候埃米使蒂娜发狂。
3．The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.
这部电影是如此悲伤以至于蒂娜和埃米都哭了。
4．Sad movies don't make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly.
悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭。它们只能使他想尽快离开。
5．He found nothing wrong with his body.他发现他身体没任何毛病。
6．It's all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest can help him.
全是他的思想问题。药和休息都不能帮助他。
7．Although I have a lot of power，it doesn't make me happy.
尽管我有很大的权力，但它并不能使我高兴。
8．I have a lot of wealth，but I'm always worried about losing my money.
我有许多财富，但我总是担心失去我的钱。
9．The general finds a happy person with power and money.
将军找到了一位既有权又有钱的快乐人。
10.The general realizes he is a happy person and gives his shirt to the king to wear.
将军意识到他就是一个快乐的人并把他的衬衫脱下给国王穿。
11．What made the poor man so happy even though he had no power，money or fame？
是什么使这位穷人即使没权、没钱也没名誉还如此高兴？
12．Do you agree with the poor man's thoughts about happiness？
你同意那位穷人关于快乐的想法吗？
13．He felt like there was a heavy weight on his shoulders as he walked home alone.
当他独自步行回家时，他感觉肩头好像压着沉重的担子。
14．The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes.
另一半是学会如何与你的队友交流并从错误中学习。
15．Peter didn't say anything，but what his father said made him think carefully.
彼得什么都没说，但他父亲的话使他认真地思考。
16．The next day，Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart.
第二天，彼得心里带着勇气而不是恐惧去参加足球训练。
17．I think if we continue to pull together，we're going to win the next one.
我认为如果我们继续齐心协力，下次一定能赢。
18．It made him feel lucky to know that he was on a winning team.
知道他在一支必胜的球队里，使他感到幸运。
19．What did you learn from the experience？
你从这次经历中学到了什么？
20．Fame is not very important. It can make me nervous if too many people follow me around.
名誉并不是很重要，如果太多的人跟在我周围它会使我感到紧张。
知识要点二 语法
使役动词make的用法
make用作使役动词表示 “使；使成为” 时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下：
一、“make＋宾语＋n.” 意为“使、让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。如：
We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
二、“make＋宾语＋adj.” 意为 “使某人 / 某事(变得)……”。如：
The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。
友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如：
I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
三、“make＋宾语＋do sth.（不带to的不定式）”意为 “使某人做某事”。如:
What makes the grass grow 什么东西使得草生长？
Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。
友情提示：在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。如：
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋，喝一些牛奶。
相关链接：have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe 等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to,也可不带to。如：
Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。
Did you see him go out 你看见他出去了吗？
I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。
四、“make＋宾语＋Ｖ-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为 “使某人 / 某事被……”。如：
The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。
友情提示：通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneself＋V-ed （heard, known, understood）。如：
He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.
在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己声音提高让别人听到。
【典例分析】
1.Though he often made his little sister ____ , today he was made ______ by her.
A. cry; to cry B. cried; crying
C. to cry; cry D. cry; cry
2. Too much hard work made us ______.
A. happily B. tired C. sadly D. angrily
3. Can you make yourself ________ in English
A. understand B. understood
C. understanding D. to understand
4. The children were made homework first.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
5.They are making some delicious bread_______, and it makes them________.
A. happy; happy B. happy; happily C. happily; happy D. happily; happily
6. Mom makes me ______ an apple every day ______ the doctor away.
A. to eat, keep B. eat, keeps C. to eat, to keep D. eat, to keep
本单元的话题是“情感”。该话题主要描述周围的人或事物给人们的生活带来的影响以及人们由此产生的情感方面的变化,要求学生能用“make sb.+ adj.; make sb.+ do sth.”句型表达某事物给人的感受;能用一般过去时叙述某个经历;能用各种形容词描述个人心情;能用多种句式表达事物对个人的影响。
Ⅰ.高频短语
1.忽略;不提及;不包括
2.召来;叫来
3.使人发疯/发狂
4.使失望
5.对某人苛刻;对某人要求严厉
6.齐心协力;通力合作
Ⅱ.经典句型
7.我宁愿去蓝色海洋(饭店),因为我喜欢在吃饭的时候听轻柔的音乐。(would rather)
8.药物和休息都不能帮到他。(neither…nor)
9.Peter独自一人走路回家时,一直盯着地面,感觉肩膀上压了重担似的。(weight)
10.爸爸的爱使他感觉很好。(make)
Ⅲ.典句仿写
11.When Jack walked into the classroom, he found the teacher was there because he arrived late.
仿句:当我起床的时候,我发现妈妈没为我做早餐,因为她起床晚了。
12.The teacher made us active in class.仿句:这让我不高兴。
13.What's more, when I met problems, my parents solved them for me at once.
仿句:而且,当我骑自行车上学时,我撞倒了一位老人。
14.The old people should also learn to use the computer.
仿句:从这两件事,我知道我们应该学习相互理解。
15.As long as you study hard, you will get good grades.
仿句:只要每个人都给予一点爱,世界就会变得更加美丽。
【实战演练】
今天上午你经历了两件难忘的事情。请以“Learning to Forgive Others”为题,参照下面表格内容写一篇英语短文,简要描述事情的经过,并谈一下你的感悟。词数: 80—100(已给出的部分不计入总词数),可适当发挥。
事情经过 你的心情 你的感悟
妈妈起晚了,没做早饭,而且昨天忘了洗你的校服了。 ……
上学路上,你骑车撞倒了一位老人。
老人说:“没事,下次要小心些。”
Learning to Forgive Others
I will always remember what happened to me this morning.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
2 / 8Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
1. 当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是：
(1) make sth. 意为“制造某物”。
She can make kites. 她会制作风筝。
(2) make sb. sth. / make sth. for sb. 意为“为某人制作某物”。
His mother made him a beautiful coat. / His mother made a beautiful coat for him.
他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。
(3) 被动语态中常用be made of / from, be made in, be made by等短语来表示
①be made of “….是由….制成的”（能看出原材料）
②be made from“….是由….制成的”（不能看出原材料）
③be made in“……是在（某地）制造”
④be made by “由/被某人制造”
⑤be made into“被制成；被做成…”
⑥be made up of“由….组成”
Wine is made from grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制成的。
These cars were made in Changchun. 这些汽车是在长春制造的。
2. 当make的意思是“使、使得”时，一般用于“make + 宾语 + 宾补”这种结构，常用的句型是：
(1) make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事（相当于let sb. do sth./have sb. do sth.）
Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts.
我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。
当把这样的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号to必须要还原。
We are often made to retell the texts (by our English teacher).
(2)make + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“使某人/某物(感到)……”。
The news made him happy. 这个消息使他很高兴。
可用的形容词有：happy, pleased, surprised, angry, sad, sick upset, worried, anxious, excited, relaxed, stressed out, tense, calm, comfortable, shy，nervous， unhappy，annoyed， tired，sleepy……等
(3)make + sb. / sth. + done. 意为“使某人/某物被……”。
I tried to make myself understood while in other country.
3、make构成的短语：
make the bed铺床 make money赚钱 make trouble/mistakes犯错
make friends 交朋友 make noises/a noise 制造噪音 make yourself at home 请自便 make progress 取得进步
make up 编造/化妆/构成 make a decision 下决定
make sure （确信、弄清楚） make up one's mind 下决心
【典例分析】
1. The scarf which is________ silk________ soft and comfortable.
A．made from; sounds B．made of; feels
C．made in; smells D．made up of; smells
【答案】句意：用丝绸做的丝巾手感柔软舒适。be made of “由……制成”，由制成品仍可看出原材料。
2．Some goods made ________ Western countries are very expensive.
A．by B．in C．from D．of
【答案】B be made in “……生产于某地”。
3. Books are made ________ paper while paper is mainly made ________ wood.
A．of; of B．from; from C．of; from D．from; of
【答案】C be made of “由……制成”，由制成品仍可看出原材料。be made from“由……制成”，制成品经过变化，看不出原材料。书是纸做的能看出原材料。故用be made of 纸是木头做的。看不出原材料，故用be made from。
4. The good news made all of us ________.
A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. happiest
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个好消息使我们大家都很高兴。A. happy高兴的，形容词；C. happily高兴地，副词；D. happiest最高兴的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词(作宾语补足语)，使/让某人做某事，故答案选A。
5 Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made _____by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：虽然他经常使他的妹妹哭，但是今天他妹妹使他哭了。使某人做某事：make sb do sth，后跟省to的不定式作宾语补足语，即前句填：cry；主动语态中省to的不定式，变为被动语态时，要用带to的不定式。即后句填：to cry。故选A。
6. Can you make yourself ________ in English
A. understand B. understood
C. understanding D. to understand
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你能用英语表达自己的意思吗？
考查非谓语动词。根据“make yourself ... in English”可知make后用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处表示使你自己被理解，用understood。故选B。
7. The children were made homework first.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这些孩子被要求先做作业。
考查非谓语动词。make sb.do让某人做某事，其被动形式是sb.be made to do。故选B。
8.我爷爷做的这种果汁，是由多种水果做的。
The juice which __________ ___________ _________many kinds of fruits is ___________ _________ my grandpa.
【答案】is made from(看不出原材料) made by
9.这支医疗队由12名医生组成。
This medical team _________ _________ ________ ________ 12 doctors.
【答案】is made up of 由……组/构成”，表示事物是由若干部分构成的。
10我的宠物常常使我高兴。
My pet often ________ _______ _________.
【答案】makes me happy 形容词作宾语补助语。
11昨天我们选他当班长。
We ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
【答案】made him monitor 名词作不要补助语。
要点2
would rather “宁愿；宁可；更喜欢”，后跟动词原形.
◆would rather do sth. =prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事
I would rather stay at home because it’s cold outside.我宁愿呆在家里，因为外面冷。
◆否定句：would rather not do sth.宁愿不做某事
He would rather not listen to jazz. 他宁愿不听爵士乐。
◆疑问句：将would提到句首
Would you rather stay at home or play tennis with us
你宁愿呆在家里还是和我一起打网球？
◆would rather do than do= prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I would rather watch TV at home than go out for a walk.
【典例分析】
1.--- Let’s play football on the playground.
--- It’s too hot outside. I would rather ________ at home than ________ out.
A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——让我们去操场踢足球吧。——外面太热了，我宁愿待在家里也不愿意出去。根据would rather do A than do B宁愿做A而不愿意做B；可知答案为D。
2. —What a heavy rain!
—So it is. I prefer ________ rather than on such a rainy day.
A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go out
C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home; go out
【答案】B
【解析】prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”句意：多么大的一场雨啊！——确实如此。在如此一个雨天，我宁愿呆在家，也不愿意出去。故选B。
3. I would rather ________ the chance than ________ her．
A not to take；to hurt B. not take；hurt
C. not taking；hurting D. don’t take；to hurt
【答案】B
【解析】would rather not do sth. than do sth.宁愿不做某事也不愿做某事。故选B。
要点3 feel like
feel like
（1）“感觉像……，摸起来像……”。例如：
I feel like a child. 我感觉自己像个小孩子。
My legs feel like cotton wool. 我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。
（2）“想要……”。后接代词、名词或动名词。例如：
Do you feel like some fish for supper 晚饭你想吃些鱼吗？
I feel like doing something different today.我今天想要做点别的事情。
I don’t feel like cooking. Let’s eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。
He slept badly and didn’t feel like eating.他睡眠很差并且不想吃东西。
（3）It feels like…句型可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像要……，似乎是……”。例如：
It feels like tea time. 好像喝茶的时间到了。
【典例分析】
1.The old man has a bad stomach, and he doesn't feel like ________anything these days.
A. to eat B. eating C. eaten D. to be eaten
【答案】B
【解析】句意：老人的胃不好，他不想吃任何东西
考查feel like用法。to eat吃，动词不定式；eating吃，动名词形式；eaten动词过去分词； to be eaten动词不定式后接be done形式，表被动。根据句意可知，本题考查feel like用法，feel like想要，后面接动词名词形式，feel like eating想要吃。故选B。
要点4 let…down
let…down
（1）意为“使…失望或沮丧”。例如：
The team felt that they had let the coach down．
队员们觉得他们让教练失望了。
He won’t let you down；he’s very reliable．
他不会让你失望的，他很靠得住。
（2）意为“放下”。例如：
Please let down the blinds．请把百叶窗放下。
（3）意为“慢下来；松懈”。例如：
The horse let down near the end of the race and lost．
那匹马在近终点时慢了下来，所以输了。
Don’t let down even if the going is good．
即使在顺利的情况下也不要松劲。
【注意】
down是副词，当代词做宾语时，要放在let和down中间且用宾格形式。例如：
Failing in the exam lets him down. 考试没及格让他非常沮丧。
【典例分析】
1. You can't let your teacher ________ again，or you will be ________ school.
A. down；kicked off B. off；kicking away
C. off；kicked away D. down；kicking off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你不能再让你的老师失望了，否则你会被开除的。
考查动词短语，根据所学“let sb down让某人失望”，结合句意应该是不能再让老师失望，排除BC。kick sb. off表示把某人从……开除，当中间的sb作主语时，用被动语态，故选A。
2.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。
It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
【答案】let them down/make them disappointed/disappoint them
3. Mona tries her best to study hard in order not to ______ her parents ______.
A. keep, down B. cut ,down C. put, down D. let, down
【答案】D
【解析】句意：莫娜努力学习，以免让父母失望。考查动词短语。1.Keep …. down：压制，控制；2.cut down：砍倒，减少使用；3.put down：放下，记下，贬低，镇压；4.let down：让某人失望。结合句意可知填let, down；选D。
要点5 spend
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】B句意：读完郭敬明写的这部小时花费了我两周的时间。考查易混动词用法辨别。根据人花费作主语用spend / pay，物花费作主语用take / cost，再根据短语搭配take sb some time + to dos th，判断为take；故选B。
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】D句意：这件新的T恤衫花费了我50远。考查易混动词用法辨析。根据物作主语用take/cost；再根据短语搭配cost sb some money；判断为cost；故选D。
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
【答案】A. 主语是人(he)。并且从后面搭配用for可知答案选A。pay…for为...付钱（给某人）
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
【答案】A 主语是人(I )。并且从后面搭配用on可知答案选A. spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
【答案】D 主语是人(Jack ) . spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事。in省略。
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
【答案】A。 spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
【答案】B spend（in）doing in可省略，而不是spend 。。。on doing。注意这里学生往往弄错。故答案选B
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
【答案】A。“It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
【答案】A 句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb. spend some money/some time on/doing sth.主语是人，经常与on连用，跟动词用动名词形式；cost花费，Sth. cost sb. some money，主语是物，人和钱作其宾语。本题中a smile是物，用cost。主语A smile是单数名词，因此谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式；故本题选A项costs。
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
【答案】takes
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
【答案】spent
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
【答案】cost
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
【答案】paid
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
【答案】spent
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
【答案】spent in building
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
【答案】It took to
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
【答案】It takes to walk
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
【答案】to finish
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
【答案】I spent on/buying 或 I paid for
要点6 neither ...nor...
neither ...nor... 是固定结构，意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都否定。例如：
It’s neither cold nor hot. 天气既不冷也不热。
He neither knows nor cares what happened.
他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。
辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or…
这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。
（1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如：
She was both tired and hungry.
她又累又饿。
He speaks both English and French.
他既说英语又说法语。
（2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如：
He must be either mad or drunk.
他不是疯了就是醉了。
You can either write or phone to request a copy.
你可以写信可打电话来索取一本。
（3）not only…..but also
★not only … but also连接两个分句时，not only可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。
Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working.
【注意】
以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如：
Either you or I am wrong.
不是你错就是我错。
Neither he nor she was at home.
他和她都不在家。
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
【典例分析】
1. —Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader
—The Reader, of course. ________ I ________ my brother likes it.
A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
【答案】D
【解析】 both...and……和……都；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；not only...but also不但……而且。根据句意推断A和D项都符合句意，both...and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数；not only...but also连接并列主语时，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，根据句中likes推断选D。
2.Not only the students but also the teacher ________ invited.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
【答案】A 当not only... but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近它的主语保持一致。
3.—How do you like the two pairs of shoes
—They don't fit me. They are ________too big ________too small.
A. not only…but also… B. neither…nor… C. either…or… D. prefer…to…
【答案】C
【解析】句意： ——你认为这两双鞋怎样？——他们不适合我。他们要么太大要么太小。
考查并列连词。not only…but also不但……而且；neither…nor 既不……也不；either…or或者……或者；prefer…to…比起……更喜欢……。根据回答“They don’t fit me.”可知，它们不适合我，因此“或者太大了，或者太小”符合语境。故选C。
4. He speaks _________English _______French. Instead, he speaks German.
A. either; or B. not only ; but also C. both; and D. neither; nor
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意:他既不说英语也不说法语，相反地，他说德语。neither …nor 既不……也不……；not only…but also…不仅……而且……；both…and………和……两者都；either…or 或者……或者……。根据句意可知，他说的是德语，不是英语，也不是法语。故选D。
5.完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
3. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
4. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
6, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
【答案】1.not only but also 2.Neither nor have seen 3.either or 4.Both and 5.Not only but also was
Both and were 6.either or
要点7 hard和hardly
hardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。
（1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。
hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。例如：
This ground is too hard to dig.
这块地太硬，挖不动。
I work hard at school.
我在学校努力学习。
They tried hard to succeed.
他们努力工作，以求得成功。
【拓展】hard组成的常见词组有：
work hard at…“努力于……”；（hard作副词）
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉。（hard作形容词）。例如：
He is working hard at English.
他正在努力学习英语。
A good boss knows when to be hard on his employees.
一个精明的老板知道何时应对员工严格要求。
（2）hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not，并非hard的副词形式。例如：
There is hardly any coffee left. = There’s almost no coffee left.
几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。
【典例分析】
1.—I have some trouble in learning maths.
—Take it easy, because we can __________avoid meeting problems in study.
A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly
【答案】D
【解析】always"总是";usually"通常";often"经常";hardly"几乎不"。结合语境可知此处指"难以"避免遇到问题,应用否定副词,故选D。
2. It rained ______. People could _______ go out.
A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hardly C. hardly, hard D. hard, hard
【答案】B
【解析】hard激烈地 猛烈地，努力地这里形容雨下的大用hard。hardly表示几乎不能。故选B。
3.It is ______ for him to get to school on time, because it is raining ______.
A .hard ; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hardly hardly
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：按时到校对于他是困难的，因为正在下着大雨。hard，形容词，意思为“困难的，坚硬的”；hard副词，意思为“努力地；猛烈地；使劲地”等。hardly频率副词，意为“几乎不”。it is+形容词+ for sb to do sth, 固定句式，做某事对于某人是……。第二空用hard修饰动词rain，结合句意及结构，故选C。
4. The boss is hard ______ his workers. He has kicked some of them______ for some small mistakes.
A. at, at B. at, from C. on, off D. on, away
【答案】C
【解析】句意：老板对他的工人很苛刻。他因一些小错误而把他们中的一些人开除了。短语be hard on sb.：对某人很苛刻，过分严厉对待某人；kick off：（把东西）踢走；kick sb. off：开除某人。结合句意可知填 on, off；选C。
5. The boy is very naughty, So you must __________ him.
A. be hard on B. be close to C. be friends with D. be good for
【答案】A
【解析】句意：那个男孩非常淘气，所以你一定要对他要求严格。. be hard on 对……要求严格； be close to 和……亲密； be friends with 和 ……是朋友； be good for对……有好处。根据The boy is very naughty,可知那个男孩非常淘气，因此要对他要求严格。故选A。
要点8
disappointed的用法
disappointed作形容词,意为“感到失望的;沮丧的”。常用搭配:be disappointed with/in sb.“对某人感到失望”;be disappointed at/about sth.“对某事/某一行为感到失望”;be disappointed to do sth.“对做某事感到失望”。例如:
The teacher was very disappointed with us.老师对我们很失望。
He was disappointed at/about the result.他对这个结果很失望。
He was disappointed to hear the news.听到这个消息他很失望。
辨析disappointed与disappointing
disappointed 意为“感到失望的”,主语通常是人,表示人的一种感受。
disappointing 意为“令人失望的”,通常修饰事物,表示事物的一种特点或给人的一种感觉。
【拓展】
英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：
exciting 令人兴奋的 boring 令人厌烦的 moving 令人感动的
excited （人）感到兴奋的 bored（人）感到厌烦的 moved（人）感动的
tiring 令人厌倦的 surprising令人惊讶的
tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 surprised（人）感到惊讶的
【典例分析】
1.父母养育我们不易,我们不应该让他们失望。
It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
=It’s not easy for parents to raise us, and we shouldn’t .
【答案】let them down/make them disappointed/disappoint them 注意disappoint 是动词“使。。。失望”
2.We are all very ____________（disappoint）, because the result is too __________（disappoint）.
【答案】disappointed disappointing.
3.—I was very__________ because our school volleyball team didn't come to the final.
—Victory and defeat are the common things of men.
A. patient B. excited C. careful D. disappointed
【答案】D
【解析】根据空后的原因状语从句及第二个人说的话可知D项符合语境。patient"耐心的";excited"兴奋的"；careful"小心的";disappointed"失望的"。
4 I failed the exam．What_________ news! My parents said that they were_________ at my grades．
A. disappointing；disappointing B. disappointing；disappointed
C. disappointed；disappointed D. disappointed；disappointing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我考试不及格。多么令人失望的消息！我的父母说他们对我的成绩很失望。
考查形容词辨析。disappointing令人失望的，修饰物；disappointed感到失望的，修饰人。修饰news要用disappointing，修饰they要用disappointed。故选B。
5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
【答案】D 句意：王先生是个有趣的人。他对讲笑话很感兴趣。都是修饰人故选D。
要点9 besides
besides adv.而且
besides作副词，意为“而且”，引出另一种情况，以作补充。可用于句首、句尾，也可用于句中常用逗号隔开。It's too late to go out now. Besides, it's going to rain. 现在出去太晚了。而且要下雨了。
【辨析】except、except for与besides
except：“除…之外”，后面的内容不包括在内
except for：“除…之外”，说明整体基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，表示“美中不足的是…”
besides：“除…之外还有…”，后面的内容包括在内
【典例分析】
1.Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
【答案】C
【解析】本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。句意：除了在巴西的一位姑妈外，简在这个世界上相当孤独。
2. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：除了星期六和星期日，我们每天都上学。本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。结合句意可知，这里是不包括星期六和星期天的。故选C。
3.All the students went to the park yesterday _________ Eric. He had to look after his sister at home.
A. between B. except C. beside D. with
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——昨天所有的学生都去公园了，除了Eric.，他必须在家照顾他妹妹。A. between在两者之间；B. except除了（不包含在内）；C. beside除了（包括在内，还有）；D. with和；根据He had to look after his sister at home.可知Eric.没去，其他人都去了；故选B
4. ----What other languages do you like ______ English ----I also like French and Janpanese.
A. except B. besides C. beside D. but
【答案】B
【解析】句意：-----除了英语，你还喜欢其他什么语言？-----我也喜欢法语和日语。考查介词辨析。A. except除…之外，表示从整体中减去一部分，表示递减；B. besides除…之外，还有，包括…在内，表示在整体上加上一部分，表示递增；C. beside在…旁边；D. but但是。结合句意可知“加上英语”，你还喜欢其他什么语言？指表示在整体上加上一部分，填besides；选B。
5.besides, except, except for和but 填空
1）He has nobody _____ himself to blame for that.
2）They all went to the Summer Palace _____ one.
3）Your essay is well written _____ one or two minor grammatical mistakes.
4）_____ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
5）Smith is a good man,______ his good manners.
【答案】1.but 2.except 3.except for 4.Besides 5.besides
要点10 courage
courage n.勇敢；勇气
courage名词，意为“勇敢；勇气”， have courage to do sth.意为“有勇气做某事”。
【例句】He showed great courage and determination.他表现得十分勇敢和果断。
【拓展】encourage作动词，意为“鼓励；支持”。
常用搭配：encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。
Her first success encouraged her (work) even harder.
她的首次成功鼓励她更加努力地工作。
【典例分析】
1.我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。
Ms. Wang always _________ __________ ________ speak English in class。
【答案】encourages us to
2. Tom is shy, but he spoke in front of the class this morning. What great _____ he showed!
A. will B. fun C. pride D. courage
【答案】本题考查名词辨析。will意为“意志；决心”，fun意为“娱乐；乐趣”，pride意为“自豪感；骄傲”，courage意为“勇气；胆量”，结合语境可知应选D。
3.His coach encouraged him ________ the competition.
A. enter B. entered C. entering D. to enter
【答案】本题考查动词的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。
4. Jane is a shy girl. She doesn’t have the ______ to speak to strangers.
A. chance B. thought C. courage D. decision
【答案】C
【解析】句意：简是个害羞的女孩。她没有勇气和陌生人说话。考查名词辨析。A. chance机会，机遇；B. thought思想，想法；C. courage勇气，胆量；D. decision决心，决定。结合句意可知填courage；选C。
要点11
agreement的用法
1.agreement作名词,意为“同意;协定;协议”。常用短语in agreement意为“持相同意见”。若表示“与某人意见一致”时,后面接介词with,即in agreement with sb.。但表示“在某方面意见一致”时,应接介词on或upon,即in agreement on/upon sth.。例如:
My teacher nodded in agreement.我的老师同意地点了点头。
He is in agreement with you on that point.在那一点上,他与你意见一致。
2.agreement的动词形式为agree,意为“答应;同意”。用法如下:
(1)agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”。例如:
He agreed to help us.他同意帮助我们。
(2)agree with sb.意为“同意某人的意见”。例如:
He didn’t agree with us.他不同意我们的意见。
(3)agree to sth.意为“同意某事”,to后面一般接表示计划、建议、办法等的名词。
【典例分析】
1 Are you in _______________(agree) about the price
【答案】agreement
【解析】句意：你同意这个价格吗？agree同意，是一个动词。空前in是介词，这里应用名词形式agreement。in agreement about是一个固定短语。
2. —Would you like to go on a picnic with us this Sunday
—I'd love to, but I have to get my parents' ________ first.
A. agreement B. surprise C. offer D. share
【答案】A
【解析】语境推理法。根据答语中的but可推知此句应表示我必须先得到我父母的同意。
3.用agree with 和agree to填空
1)The food does not _____________ me.
【答案】1.agree with agree with可用于指人，指同意其看法或意见
2)He _______________the plan.
【答案】agreed to agree to常与plan、arrangement、suggestion、proposal、terms、method等名词连用
3)We ______________ leave early.
【答案】agreed to agree to do 就是同意去做什么事，
4)I _____________ what you say.
【答案】agree with可用于指人，指同意其看法或意见等，也可与一些名词或从句连用。
要点12
weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。例如：
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
（1）weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：
What’s your weight 你体重是多少？
（2）比较：by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中：
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少？”
－What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重？
－I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1）Please____________ the apples.
2）How much does the elephant __________
3)It is 46 meters high and ___________ 229 tons.
4)The car___________ about two tons.
5)what is the bag's ___________
【答案】1)weigh 2)weight 3) weighs 4)weighs 5)weight
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
【答案】your weight How much weigh
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
【答案】A
【解析】第一空前面有助动词does, 后接动词原形weigh, 第二空前面是形容词性物主代词Its, 后接名词weight。故选A。
4.You'd better not eat too much fast food, such as potato chips and hamburgers, if you don't want to put on ______.
A. wealth B. weight C. power D. fame
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果你不想增加体重，你最好不要吃太多快餐食品，比如薯片和汉堡包。本小题考查名词词义辨析。A. wealth意为“财富”； B. weight意为“重量”； C. power意为“权力”； D. fame意为“名声”。你最好不要吃太多的快餐食品，原因是它们会使你的“体重”增加，故选B。
要点13
be worried about 为……担忧
【解析】be worried about意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。
We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。
【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worry about 意为“担心”，强调动作。
Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard.
不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。
【典例分析】
1.我很担心我弟弟。
I__________ _________ __________ my brother.
I__________ _________ my brother.
【答案】am worried about worry about
2. It was getting too dark. Lisa didn't arrive home. Her parents were ________ her safety.
A. relaxed about B. excited about
C. worried about D. busy with
【答案】C
【解析】句意：天越来越黑了。丽莎没有到家。她的父母担心她的安全。考查短语辨析题。A.be relaxed about放松；B.be excited about对…感到兴奋；C.be worried about担心；D.be busy with从事。根据上文It was getting too dark. Lisa didn't arrive home.，可知其父母很担心，故选C。
要点14 give up
give up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。
【典例分析】
1．—Song Joong ki is a movie star in Asia now.
—That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident.
A. give up B. set up C. take up D. put up
【答案】考查短语辨异。A. give up放弃 B. set up建起 C. take up 从事，开始做某事 D. put up 建起，搭建，举起。句意：宋中基现在是亚洲的电影明星。-那是真的。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但由于一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰。根据题意选择A。
2. Andrea Bo will never______, which makes him a successful singer.
A. takes away B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up
【答案】D give up 放弃。Give away 捐赠。 Get up 起床。
3 —It’s too hard for me to be a trail walker.
—Never______. Believe in yourself!
A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up
【答案】B A. put up 举起。张贴。建起。 B. give up 放弃 C. hurry up 赶快， D. look up查阅。B符合题意。
4. In the song I Bet My Life, the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to ______ catching their dreams.
A. give up B. give out C. give in D. give off
【答案】A. give up 放弃。 B. give out分发 C. give in 屈服 D. give off发出。
5.我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。
My brother has decided to __________ ___________ _____________.
【答案】give up dancing。
要点15
“so+ adj. +that.…”结构，表示“如此…以至于…”，that引导结果状语从句。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.这个男孩太小，不能上学。
【辨析】so…that.与such…that..
so...that， such...that与so that
so…..that 引导结果状语从句 常用结构有：so+ adj. /adv.+that 从句；so+ adj.+a / an +可数名词单数+ that从句
such...that 引导结果状语从句 常用结构有：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句；such+adj.+可数名词复数+that从such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句
so that 既可引导目的状语，也可引导结果状语从句 引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can/could/would/should等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，意为“因此；所以“，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句在so that前可以用逗号
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of the new movie Wandering Earth（《流浪地球》）
—It’s____ wonderful I really like it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【答案】A句意：— —你觉得新电影《流浪地球》怎么样？ — —太好了，我真的很喜欢它。根据答语的句子特点It’s ____ wonderful I really like it.可知wonderful为形容词，I really like it. 为一个从句，联系语境可知此句应该是对电影《流浪地球》的评价为“太好了，我真的很喜欢它。”，所以符合so+形容词/副词+that的用法，如此……以至于……，后引导一个结果状语从句；such…that…也有同样的用法，但such后应该跟名词，故排除；too…to表“太……不能……”，意义和结构都不符合；enough; to足够……去做……，意义和结构也都不符合；故选A。
2. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order
【答案】A句意：他必须挣很多钱才能给孩子们买好的食物和衣服。So that 表示目的状语从句。
3.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. （2019，江苏宿迁卷）
A. so B. very C. such D. quite
【答案】A句意：三台山森林公园是如此美丽，它已经成为一个热门的旅游景点。考查副词辨析。so/such that是固定结构，表示“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，可排除BD两项；so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词或名词性短语。本句beautiful（漂亮的）是形容词，需用so修饰；根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。
4. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
【答案】A句意：我摔了很多跤，全身青一块紫一块。当名词前有many, little, few, much等表示大小多少的词来修饰时，只能用so, 不能用such
5. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【答案】A句意：这照相机太贵了，我买不起。A. so+adj/adv+that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子”“如此……以至于”； C. too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D. enough; to 足够。。。以致能
6. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic.
a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day
【答案】B句意：昨天天气这么好，他们出去野餐了。主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句。本句亦可以表达成：so fine a day. 答案也正确。
7.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句)
①Jim is __________young __________look after himself.
Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself.
【答案】too。。。to 太。。。而不能。 not enough 不够。。。以致不能。
要点16
本句属于“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”结构，表示“越…….越.……”.前一个分句作状语，表示假
条件、时间等，后一个分句表示结果。
The more he eats, the heavier he will be.他吃得越多，就会越胖。
【拓展】（1)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越…”表示事物的逐渐递进。
When spring comes, the weather gets warmer and warmer.
当春天到来时，天气变得越来越暖和。
（2）多音节或部分双音节的形容词或副词表达“越来越..…”时，用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级”结构。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful . 我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
【答案】C句意：你越努力，你就会犯的错误越少。考查比较级形式用法。根据倒装句句型，比较级的倒装句，通常比较级形式之前要加定冠词the连用。故选C。
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
【答案】D句意：你在你的功课上更努力，你就会取得更好的成绩。The+比较级……；the+比较级……表示越……就越……。study harder表示越努力；the better grades表示更好的成绩。根据题意，故选D。
3.Can you tell me why you learn English so well
—It’s very simple. _______ you work，_______ grades you will get.
A. The harder；the best B. The hard：the better
C. Harder；better D. The harder；the better
【答案】D
【解析】 考查形容词比较级的用法。上文问句意为“你能告诉我你为什么把英语学得这样好吗 ”下文意为“很简单。你越努力，你的成绩就会越好”。因此本题中使用句式“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”，意为“越……”越……”。因此本题的正确答案为D项。
4. —You shouldn't eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health.
—You're right.________ junk food I eat, ________I will be.
A. The less；the healthier B. The less；the healthy
C. The more；the healthier D. The more；the healthy
【答案】A
【解析】句意：—你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。这对你的健康有害。—你说得对。我吃的垃圾食品越少，我就越健康。考查“the+比较级…，the+比较级”结构。根据上句“You shouldn't eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health”和答语“You're right”，可知在不应该吃太多的垃圾食品方面达成了一致。可推测下句说的是：吃的垃圾食品越少，就越健康。可知考查的是“the+比较级…，the+比较级”结构“越…就越…”。食品（food）是不可数名词，少吃垃圾食品，要用little来修饰，其比较级为less；健康的形容词为healthy，其比较级为healthier。故选A。
要点17
to one's surprise and relief 意为“令某人吃惊和欣慰的是”
to one's surprise意为“令某人吃惊的是”
to one's relief 意为“令某人欣慰的是”。
例:To his surprise, the lost pencil is in his pencil-box.
使他吃惊的是，那支丢了的铅笔就在他的铅笔盒里。
To Mr. Li's relief, his son kissed his cheek.
让李先生感到欣慰的是，儿子亲吻了他的脸颊。
知识拓展
1. to one’s+表示情绪的名词(如pleasure, surprise等)”表示“令某人......的是”通常用作插入语，放在句首，用逗号与其他部分隔开
2. in/with surprise/relief意为“惊奇地/欣慰地”，用作状语
例: Bill looked at me in surprise.比尔诧异地看着我。
【典例分析】
1. ______ his surprise, his teammates all nodded ______ agreement.
A. To, to B. For, with C. To, in D. With, with
【答案】C
【解析】句意：令他惊讶的是，他的队友都点头同意了。考查介词。短语to one’s surprise：使某人惊讶的是；in agreement：(作状语)表示同意, (作表语)持相同意见。结合句意可知填To, in；选C。
要点18
lately 副词，“最近、近来”，相当于recently。
如：What have you been doing lately
Late, later, latest, lately辨析：
late是形容词、副词。意为“晚的”。
如：He is always late. He comes late.
latest是late的最高级，最晚的，最新的。
如：This is the latest news
later是late的比较级，较晚的，更迟的；也可以作为副词，后来，稍后，一会。
如：I get up at 10, he is later than me, at 11!
Try again later 稍后再打
【典例分析】
1.My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________ news about the war？
A. lately B. latest C. later D. later
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我的电视坏了。 你能告诉我关于战争的最新消息是什么吗？latest是late的最高级，最晚的，最新的。
2.用late，lately，later，latest，latter填空
1)I haven't heard of him ________. What's happened
2)That happened in the ________ 1870s.
3)He returned three days ________ than expected.
4)Which do you prefer, the former or the ________
5)Here is the ________ news from the front.
【答案】1.lately “最近、近来” 2.late the late 1870s.19世纪70年代晚期。Late晚的。 3.later 较晚的，更迟的；4.latter 后者 5.latest
要点19
be sure about
①. be sure about / ( of )……（名词/ doing sth）：对……确信，有把握
②. be sure to do sth：一定，务必，确信去坐某事
③. be sure + (that)从句：我确信，我肯定会……
【典例分析】
1. They are all sure _________________ winning the football match.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
【答案】A句意：他们对赢得这场足球赛都很确信。考查be sure的短语搭配辨析。be sure about / ( of )……（名词/ doing sth）：对……确信，有把握；be sure to do sth：一定，务必，确信去坐某事。根据winning he football match为动名词短语。故选A。
2.我确信他会来。
I___________ __________ ___________ his coming.
【答案】am sure of. be sure about / ( of )……（名词/ doing sth）：对……确信，有把握
要点20
drive v.迫使
drive是及物动词，意为“迫使”，其过去式和过去分词形式分别为drove和driven。
drive sb. crazy/mad 使某人发疯/发狂
drive sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事（尤指不好的事情）
Sticking in a traffic jam during the rush hour drove her crazy/mad. 在交通高峰期被困使她抓狂。
【拓展】drive的其他相关用法：
drive v. 驾驶；开车n. 驱车旅行；驾车路程
driver n. 驾驶员
【典例分析】
1.—What’s wrong with you
—What Bob did like this really ________me crazy.
A. drives B. lets C. allows D. remains
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你怎么了？——鲍勃做的像这样的事情真的让我发疯。
考查动词辨析。drives驱使，迫使；lets让；allows允许；remains保持。根据句中“What Bob did like this”可知，此处是“鲍勃做的事情迫使我发疯”，所以使用动词drive，drive sb. crazy把某人逼得发疯。故选A。
【重点短语】
1．make me sleepy使我困倦
2．drive sb. crazy/mad使……发疯/发狂
3．the more…the more…越……越……
4．be friends with sb.成为某人的朋友
5．feel left out感觉被忽视
6．don't feel like eating不想吃东西
7．for no reason毫无理由
8．neither…nor…既不……也不……
9．take one's position替代某人的职位
10．to start with起初；开始时
11．remain unhappy forever永远不幸福
12.get good grades on an exam在考试中取得好成绩
13.get into a fight with your best friend与你最好的朋友发生争吵
14. nod in agreement点头同意
15.pull together齐心协力
16．miss scoring the goal错过进球
17．let…down使……失望
18．kick sb. off开除
19．support each other相互支持
20．rather than而不是
【重点句子】
1．—I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.
我更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅，因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。
—But that music makes me sleepy.但那种音乐使我困倦。
2．Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy.等候埃米使蒂娜发狂。
3．The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.
这部电影是如此悲伤以至于蒂娜和埃米都哭了。
4．Sad movies don't make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly.
悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭。它们只能使他想尽快离开。
5．He found nothing wrong with his body.他发现他身体没任何毛病。
6．It's all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest can help him.
全是他的思想问题。药和休息都不能帮助他。
7．Although I have a lot of power，it doesn't make me happy.
尽管我有很大的权力，但它并不能使我高兴。
8．I have a lot of wealth，but I'm always worried about losing my money.
我有许多财富，但我总是担心失去我的钱。
9．The general finds a happy person with power and money.
将军找到了一位既有权又有钱的快乐人。
10.The general realizes he is a happy person and gives his shirt to the king to wear.
将军意识到他就是一个快乐的人并把他的衬衫脱下给国王穿。
11．What made the poor man so happy even though he had no power，money or fame？
是什么使这位穷人即使没权、没钱也没名誉还如此高兴？
12．Do you agree with the poor man's thoughts about happiness？
你同意那位穷人关于快乐的想法吗？
13．He felt like there was a heavy weight on his shoulders as he walked home alone.
当他独自步行回家时，他感觉肩头好像压着沉重的担子。
14．The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes.
另一半是学会如何与你的队友交流并从错误中学习。
15．Peter didn't say anything，but what his father said made him think carefully.
彼得什么都没说，但他父亲的话使他认真地思考。
16．The next day，Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart.
第二天，彼得心里带着勇气而不是恐惧去参加足球训练。
17．I think if we continue to pull together，we're going to win the next one.
我认为如果我们继续齐心协力，下次一定能赢。
18．It made him feel lucky to know that he was on a winning team.
知道他在一支必胜的球队里，使他感到幸运。
19．What did you learn from the experience？
你从这次经历中学到了什么？
20．Fame is not very important. It can make me nervous if too many people follow me around.
名誉并不是很重要，如果太多的人跟在我周围它会使我感到紧张。
知识要点二 语法
使役动词make的用法
make用作使役动词表示 “使；使成为” 时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下：
一、“make＋宾语＋n.” 意为“使、让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。如：
We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
二、“make＋宾语＋adj.” 意为 “使某人 / 某事(变得)……”。如：
The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。
友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如：
I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
三、“make＋宾语＋do sth.（不带to的不定式）”意为 “使某人做某事”。如:
What makes the grass grow 什么东西使得草生长？
Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。
友情提示：在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。如：
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋，喝一些牛奶。
相关链接：have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe 等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to,也可不带to。如：
Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。
Did you see him go out 你看见他出去了吗？
I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。
四、“make＋宾语＋Ｖ-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为 “使某人 / 某事被……”。如：
The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。
友情提示：通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneself＋V-ed （heard, known, understood）。如：
He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.
在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己声音提高让别人听到。
【典例分析】
1.Though he often made his little sister ____ , today he was made ______ by her.
A. cry; to cry B. cried; crying
C. to cry; cry D. cry; cry
【答案】A
【解析】句意：尽管他经常整哭自己的小妹妹，但今天他被她整哭了。
考查动词。make sb do sth固定搭配，使得某人做某事，make后接省略to的动词不定式，但是当make为被动语态时，to不能省略。根据句意可知，前半句中make为谓语动词，主动语态，后接动词原形，排除B和C。后半句中，make为被动语态，后接动词不定式，故选A。
2. Too much hard work made us ______.
A. happily B. tired C. sadly D. angrily
【答案】B
【解析】句意：太多的努力工作使我们很累。考查形容词副词辨析。A. happily幸福地，副词；B. tired累的，疲倦的，形容词；C. sadly伤心地，副词；D. angrily愤怒地，生气地，副词。短语make sb./sth. adj.：使某人或某物处于某种状态，形容词做宾语补足语。结合句意可知填形容词tired；选B。
3. Can you make yourself ________ in English
A. understand B. understood
C. understanding D. to understand
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你能用英语表达自己的意思吗？
考查非谓语动词。根据“make yourself ... in English”可知make后用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处表示使你自己被理解，用understood。故选B。
4. The children were made homework first.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这些孩子被要求先做作业。
考查非谓语动词。make sb.do让某人做某事，其被动形式是sb.be made to do。故选B。
5.They are making some delicious bread_______, and it makes them________.
A. happy; happy B. happy; happily C. happily; happy D. happily; happily
【答案】C
【解析】前半句中的make意为“制作”,是行为动词,用副词修饰;后半句中的make意为“使得”,是使役动词,后面接形容词作宾语补足语,故选C。
6. Mom makes me ______ an apple every day ______ the doctor away.
A. to eat, keep B. eat, keeps C. to eat, to keep D. eat, to keep
【答案】D
【解析】句意：妈妈让我每天吃一个苹果，让医生远离我。考查动词不定式。短语make sb. do sth.：让某人做某事，不带to的不定式做宾语补足语；后面再跟动词用动词不定式（to do sth.）作目的状语。结合句意可知填eat, to keep；选D。
本单元的话题是“情感”。该话题主要描述周围的人或事物给人们的生活带来的影响以及人们由此产生的情感方面的变化,要求学生能用“make sb.+ adj.; make sb.+ do sth.”句型表达某事物给人的感受;能用一般过去时叙述某个经历;能用各种形容词描述个人心情;能用多种句式表达事物对个人的影响。
Ⅰ.高频短语
1.忽略;不提及;不包括
2.召来;叫来
3.使人发疯/发狂
4.使失望
5.对某人苛刻;对某人要求严厉
6.齐心协力;通力合作
Ⅱ.经典句型
7.我宁愿去蓝色海洋(饭店),因为我喜欢在吃饭的时候听轻柔的音乐。(would rather)
8.药物和休息都不能帮到他。(neither…nor)
9.Peter独自一人走路回家时,一直盯着地面,感觉肩膀上压了重担似的。(weight)
10.爸爸的爱使他感觉很好。(make)
Ⅲ.典句仿写
11.When Jack walked into the classroom, he found the teacher was there because he arrived late.
仿句:当我起床的时候,我发现妈妈没为我做早餐,因为她起床晚了。
12.The teacher made us active in class.仿句:这让我不高兴。
13.What's more, when I met problems, my parents solved them for me at once.
仿句:而且,当我骑自行车上学时,我撞倒了一位老人。
14.The old people should also learn to use the computer.
仿句:从这两件事,我知道我们应该学习相互理解。
15.As long as you study hard, you will get good grades.
仿句:只要每个人都给予一点爱,世界就会变得更加美丽。
【实战演练】
今天上午你经历了两件难忘的事情。请以“Learning to Forgive Others”为题,参照下面表格内容写一篇英语短文,简要描述事情的经过,并谈一下你的感悟。词数: 80—100(已给出的部分不计入总词数),可适当发挥。
事情经过 你的心情 你的感悟
妈妈起晚了,没做早饭,而且昨天忘了洗你的校服了。 ……
上学路上,你骑车撞倒了一位老人。
老人说:“没事,下次要小心些。”
Learning to Forgive Others
I will always remember what happened to me this morning.
【答案】
Ⅰ.1.leave out 2.call in 3.drive sb. crazy 4.let…down 5.be hard on sb. 6.pull together
Ⅱ.7.I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.
8.Neither medicine nor rest can help him.
9.Peter kept his eyes on the ground and felt like there was a heavy weight on his shoulders as he walked home alone.
10.Father's love made him feel good.
Ⅲ.11.When I got up, I found my mother didn't make breakfast for me because she got up late.
12.It made me unhappy.
13.What's more, when I went to school by bike, I knocked down an old man.
14.From these two things I know we should learn to understand each other.
15.As long as everyone gives a little love, the world will become much more beautiful.
【习作展示】
Learning to Forgive Others
I will always remember what happened to me this morning. When I got up, I found my mother didn't make breakfast for me because she got up late. So I had to go to school without breakfast. And when I was going to put on my school uniform, I found my mother forgot to wash it. It made me unhappy. Later, I knew my mother didn't sleep well at night because of her headache. I felt sorry for her. What's more, when I went to school by bike, I knocked down an old man. I thought he would be hard on me, but he said, “Never mind. Be careful next time!” I was deeply moved.
From these two things I know we should learn to understand each other. Society is like a big family. As long as everyone gives a little love, the world will become much more beautiful.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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