(共38张PPT)
英语（人教版）
九年级全册
English
Section A（Grammar focus-4c）
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected
Let’s look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
now
The bell rang.
8:00 AM
8:15 AM
By the time _______________, the bell _________.
had rung
Mary got to school.
1
课堂导入
Lead-in
Let’s look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
now
The teacher started teaching in the classroom.
8:20 AM
8:22 AM
When _______________________________, ___________________________________________.
the teacher had started teaching in the classroom.
She got into the classroom.
Lead-in
Let’s look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
now
The bus left.
5:20 PM
5:21 AM
Before _______________________________, ___________________________________________.
the bus had already left.
She arrived at the bus stop.
Lead-in
Let’s look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
now
Her mom cooked the dinner.
6:30 PM
By _____________________________, ___________________________________________.
her mom had cooked the dinner.
6:45 this evening
Lead-in
①By the time Mary got to school, the bell had rung.
②When she got into the classroom, the teacher had started teaching in the classroom.
③Before she arrived at the bus stop, the bus had already left.
④By 6:45 this evening, her mom had cooked the dinner.
由by, by the time, when和 before引导的表示
一般过去时的从句。
由had + V-ed
构成的过去完成时。
The Past Perfect Tense
过去完成时
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
Read the following sentences and classify them according to different tenses.
Grammar Focus
2
课堂活动
主句为过去完成时，从句是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前。
两个动作同时进行，主从句都是一般过去时或过去进行时。
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
●When he came in, the students stood up.
●When the baby saw her mother, she stopped crying.
●He was about to watch a movie when his parents knocked at the door.
●They were about to get on the bus when they heard someone shout.
●As I was standing in front of the teachers’ office, I saw a boy fight with
another boy.
●As he was doing housework, a bird flew into the kitchen.
Group work
在以上的时间状语从句中，主句和从句的动作是先后发生还是同时发生
主从句都用过去时态的时间状语从句的引导词有什么
Discuss and answer the questions.
1. 在以上的时间状语从句中，主句和从句的动作是同时发生，或者是在
进行一个动作时，另外一个动作突然发生。
2. 主从句都用过去时态的时间状语从句引导词有when, as 等。
●When he came in, the students stood up.
●When the baby saw her mother, she stopped crying.
●He was about to watch a movie when his parents knocked at the door.
●They were about to get on the bus when they heard someone shout.
●As I was standing in front of the teachers’ office, I saw a boy fight with
another boy.
●As he was doing housework, a bird flew into the kitchen.
Grammar Focus
● When I got up, I found that my bother had already taken a bath in the
bathroom.
● When she got to the check-out, she realized she had left her purse at
home.
● Before I arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off.
● They had already had breakfast before they got to the hotel.
● Most of the guests had left by the time he arrived at the party.
● The film had already begun by the time I got to the cinema.
Read these sentences.
过去完成时由“助动词had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成，表示某动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
语法概述
概念：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某一时刻，它表示发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
现在
现在
过去
过去的将来
过去的过去
过去完成时
1. 过去完成时的句式结构
(1) 肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他.
(2) 否定句：主语 + hadn’t + 过去分词 + 其他.
(3) 一般疑问句：Had+ 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + had.
否定回答：No, 主语 + hadn’t.
过去完成时
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作；表示动作发生在过去的过去。
(2) 过去完成时态常见的引导词有：by the time, when, before, by。
(3) 在含有when, before等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中， 主、从句的动作都发生在过去，且有明显的先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，动作在后的用一般过去时。
(4) 常用在said, told, knew, heard, realized等的宾语从句中。
2. 过去完成时的用法
由时间状语来判定：
表示动作从过去持续到过去一段时间。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
(1) by + 过去的时间点。
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。
过去完成时的判断依据:
(2) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of
last term. 截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。
(3) before + 过去的时间点。
They had planted six hundred trees before last
Wednesday. 上周三以前他们已经中了六百棵树了。
2. 由“过去的过去”来判定：
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said that she had seen the film before.
她说她以前看过这电影。
(2) 状语从句中: 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
他完成作业以后，就上床睡觉了。
一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示过去某一时间以前（即过去的过去）发生的动作或存在的状态。
3. 一般过去时和过去完成时的区别
过去完成时的构成： _____+_________.
过去完成时表示：
—————————————————————
3.过去完成时常与_________________________等时间状语连用。
had
过去分词
过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作
when, before，by the time,
by the end of…
by+时间点，
过去完成时小结
When I got there the bus ____________(go).
By the time I got to class, the teacher __________(start) teaching.
3. We ___________(learn) over 1000 words by the end of last term.
4. I _____________(clean) the room before he arrived here.
had gone
had started
had learnt
had cleaned
Fill in the blanks.
练一练
5.My parents _____ to work by the time I up.
A. began; get B. had begun; had got C. had begun; got
C
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
______________________________________________________________
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.
______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
______________________________________________________________
4a
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
______________________________________________________________
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
______________________________________________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my
language course.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had already started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
Write the past form and past participle for the following verbs.
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
rushed rushed
forgot forgotten
arrived arrived
went gone
showed shown
found found
赶到；露面
原形
过去式
过去分词
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else ____ already
_________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ____________
to add the green beans.
3. By the time my mother came back from the market, I ______
already __________ of the door to go to my piano lesson.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
4b
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
had
shown up
had forgotten
had
rushed out
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
4. Before she got to the airport, she _____________ about the
earthquake.
5. When she _________ the movie theatre, she remembered she had
forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he _____________ the
building.
arrived at
had gone into
had found out
Complete the sentences. Make new sentences as many as possible.
Competition
By the time I left for school in the morning,
___________________________________.
Competition
By the end of the school day,
___________________________________.
Complete the sentences. Make new sentences as many as possible.
Competition
By dinner time,
I ___________________________________.
Complete the sentences. Make new sentences as many as possible.
1. By the end of the school day, …
by the end of 在（某时间点）以前
by the end of 含有“不迟于”的意思。通常情况下，根据by the end of后接时间的不同，句子选用相应的时态：
(1) 接将来的时间，句子用一般将来时
By the end of next month, I will go to Shanghai to attend a meeting.
(2) 接现在的时间，句子用现在完成时
By the end of this term, we have learned 6 English songs.
(3) 接过去的时间，句子用过去完成时
By the end of last month, I had read 3 books.
Language points
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
By the time I left for school in the morning, _______________.
By the end of the school day, ___________________________.
By dinner time, I _____________________________________.
4c
3
课堂小结
1.We have learnt the use of the past perfect tense.
2. We have learnt some new words and expressions involving this part.
( )1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone
C. where had I been D. where had I gone
( )2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
( )3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
( ) 4.She said she __________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
( ) 5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
A
D
C
D
A
4
课堂训练
2、用动词的适当形式填空
1. We __________ (paint) the house before we _______ (move) in.
2. That rich old man ____________ (make) a will before he _____(die).
3. They __________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
4. The robbers __________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).
5. I _____________ (turn off) all the lights before I ________ (go) to bed.
had painted
moved
had made
died
left
had studied
had run away
had turned off
went
arrived
6. Paul _______ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom _______ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
8. Our plan ________(fail ) because we ___________ (make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman__________(finish) speaking, he _____ (leave)the hall.
10.The Reads ____________ (have) lunch when I________(get) to their house
went
had made
said
had read
failed
had made
(had)finished
left
had had
got
3.按要求完成下面的句子。
1. She has gone to Shanghai. (用by the time I arrived here改写句子)
2. By the time I arrived, Tom had finished the work. (对画线部分提问)
She had gone to Shanghai by the time I arrived there.
What had Tom done by the time you arrived
3. Jenny had already cleaned the room when I called her. (改为否定句)
Jenny hadn’t cleaned the room when I called her.
4. He had left before she could say a word.(改为一般疑问句)
Had he left before she could say a word
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.phpUnit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A (Grammar Focus－4c)教案
【教学目标】
1．学习掌握下列词汇：cream, workday, pie, show up, bean, market, by the end of
2. 能比较流利地讲述自己曾经有的特别的经历。
3. 巩固过去完成时的用法。
4. 能比较流利地讲述自己曾经特别的一天，养成积极看待事物的积极心态。
【重点难点】
【学习重点】
1．复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2．总结过去完成时的不同句型。
【学习难点】
过去完成时的用法。
【教学过程】
Step 1 Warming-up
1. Let’s look at the pictures and fill in the blanks.
…….
【设计意图】通过练习引出本节课即将学习的内容，为Grammar Focus做准备。
Step 2 Work on Grammar focus
Read the sentences in grammar focus, and try to summarize the usage of the past perfect tense.
Grammar
1. 过去完成时的构成：助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词
2. 过去完成时的含义：主要是表示在过去某个时间，或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。也就是动作发生在过去的过去。
3. 过去完成时的用法：
(1) 表示“过去的过去”，通常由by引导的表示过去时间的短语或者从句做时间状语，或
4.过去完成时的判断依据:
1)由时间状语来判定：
表示动作从过去持续到过去一段时间。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
(1) by + 过去的时间点。
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。
2. 由“过去的过去”来判定：
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said that she had seen the film before.
她说她以前看过这电影。
(2) 状语从句中: 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
他完成作业以后，就上床睡觉了。
【设计意图】让学生读句子，尝试在观察中总结所学的语法，老师再给予系统讲解。
Step 3 Work on 4a
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
______________________________________________________________
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.
______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
______________________________________________________________
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
______________________________________________________________
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
______________________________________________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.
Step 4 Work on 4b
1.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
Step 5 Work on 4c
Write two true statements and one false statement and ask their partner to guess the false statement.
【设计意图】在不同类型的练习活动中巩固本单元重要语法点。
【课堂小结】
1.We have learnt the use of the past perfect tense.
2. We have learnt some new words and expressions involving this part.
【课堂训练】 PPT
