Unit 1 What's the matter Section A 重难点，命题点，语法点讲解及课后练习（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 What’s the matter
教学目标
1. 能简单谈论健康问题与事故。
2. 能就健康与安全问题提出简单的建议。
3. 能够读懂与健康相关的文章，并能理解相关的治疗建议。
4. 能够写好与描述健康相关的对话和短文。
5. 通过学习，培养学生的良好的健康意识和保持健康的良好习惯。
中考目标
1. 本部分的单词短语，lie, hurt, hit, sore, rest等词汇以及have a cold, have a sore back，have a cough，drink some hot tea with honey, lie down, take one’s temperature, have a fever, take breaks等表达身体健康状况的词汇是中考常考的短语。
2. 该部分的就医对话是中考常考的话题。
3. 学会针对不同的问题提出不同的合理建议。
4. 读懂并会写作和描写健康状况相关文章。这也是中考常考的话题之一。
Section A
项目 知识清单
单词 名词: matter(问题;事情), stomachache (胃痛;腹痛), foot(脚;足), neck (颈;脖子), stomach (胃;腹部), throat (咽喉;喉咙), fever (发烧), X-ray (X射线;X光), toothache (牙痛), headache (头痛), break (间歇;休息), passenger (乘客;旅客), trouble (问题;苦恼)代词: herself [(she的反身代词)她自己]动词: lie (躺;平躺), hurt [(使)疼痛;受伤], hit [(用手或器具)击;打]形容词: sore (疼痛的;酸痛的)介词: onto (向;朝)兼类词: rest v.& n.(放松;休息), cough n.& v. (咳嗽), off adv. & prep.[离开(某处);不工作;从……去掉]
短语 have a cold (感冒), have a stomachache (胃痛), have a sore back背痛，have a cough（咳嗽），drink some hot tea with honey(喝些加蜂蜜的热茶), lie down (躺下), take one’s temperature (量体温), have a fever (发烧), take breaks (take a break) (休息), get off (下车), cut oneself（切着自己）, see a dentist(看牙医), get an X-ray(拍X光照片), put some medicine on it(在它上面放些药), take breaks/take a break(休息), in the same way(用相同的方式), sound like(听起来像)
句型 1.What’s the matter with Judy 朱迪怎么了 2.Do you have a fever 你发烧了吗 3.I have a sore back. 我背痛。4.What should I do 我应该做什么 5.Should I take my temperature 我应该量量我的体温吗 6.I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应当躺下休息。7. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山爱好者,阿伦习惯于冒险。
语法 should作情态动词的用法
技能 1. 学会描述身体部位、身体不适以及治疗方法的词汇和短语。2. 通过听力能够听懂描述身体不适的话题；能够提出合理适当的建议。3. 能够读懂与描述健康问题有关的对话和短文；能针对健康问题写出合理的建议。
中考链接
1.考查matter的用法：2017·湖北宜昌
2.考查lie的用法：2017·江苏无锡；2018·江苏无锡
3.考查以need的用法: 2018·上海
4.考查break的用法: 2017·辽宁大连
5.考查复合形容词的用法: 2017·江苏徐州，2017·甘肃天水
6.考查就医的情景交际: 2017·湖北宜昌
7.考查形容词做表语: 2017·辽宁丹东考查，2017·湖北鄂州
8.考查get off的用法: 2018·黑龙江绥化, 2018天津
9.考查get on的用法：2017·四川乐山
10.考查feel构成的系表结构：2017·海南
11. 考查surprise构成的短语：2017·陕西
12. 考查Thanks to的用法： 2018·湖北宜昌
13. 考查should的用法：2018·四川凉山
14. 考查反身代词的用法：2018·甘肃白银
重难点单词讲解1. lie /lai/ v. 躺；平躺 (教材P2) 【解析】lie是动词，意为“躺；平躺”，过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain，现在分词为lying。短语lie down and rest意为“躺下休息”。She lay down on her bed just now. 她刚才在床上躺。I found he was lying on the ground. 我发现他躺在地上。【比较】 单词过去式过去分词现在分词lie v. 躺；位于laylainlyinglie v. 说谎liedliedlyinglie n. 谎言复数形式是lieslie也可用作名词，意为“谎言”。A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺庙位于山顶之上。Don’t lie to me. 不要向我撒谎。The boy told a lie to me. 这个男孩向我撒了谎。【拓展】英语中，部分以-ie结尾的动词的-ing形式必须改ie为y，再加-ing。又如： die → dying tie → tying lie → lying2. rest /rest/ v. &n. 休息 (教材P2)【点拨】rest作不及物动词，意为“休息”。I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，我想休息。【拓展】（1）rest也作及物动词，意为“使休息”。 You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading. 在大量阅读之后，你应该让你的眼睛休息一下。（2）rest也可以作名词，常用搭配：have a rest休息一下。You have a cold, and should have a rest. 你感冒了，应该休息一下。3. need / ni d / v. 需要 (教材P2) 【点拨】（1）need 作及物动词，意为“需要”。 I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。（2）need后跟不定式，构成need to do sth.结构，意为“某人需要做某事”。Do you need to drink more water 你需要多喝些水吗？【拓展】（1）need也可作情态动词，意为“必须”。否定形式为needn’t。He need do his homework first. 他需要先做作业。 He needn’t go there tomorrow. 明天他不必去了。（2）needn’t还可用于must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答。 — Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao 赵老师，我现在必须交上我的练习本吗？ — No, you needn’t. You may give it to me tomorrow. 不必，你可以明天交。4. break /breik/ n. 间歇；休息 (教材P2)【点拨】break名词，意为“间歇，休息”。其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。The children have a break between classes at school. 学校里孩子们有课间休息。【拓展】（1）break作不及物动词，意为“打破；折断；弄坏”。Glass breaks easily. 玻璃易碎。（2）break作及物动词，意为“（使）破；打破（纪录）；违反（规则）”。Li Ming broke his left leg last night. 昨晚李明摔断了左腿。 As a student, you shouldn’t break school rules.作为学生，你不该违反学校规则。【拓展】break的短语 We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down.我们很抱歉到晚了，因为车抛锚了。I caught two men trying to break into the office. 我瞧见两个人想闯入我的办公室。World War II broke out in September 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。 5. hurt / h t / v. （使）疼痛；受伤 (教材P2)【点拨】hurt作及物动词，意为“（使）疼痛；受伤”，过去式和过去分词都是hurt。hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。He hurt his right knee. 他伤了右膝。You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat. 你说她胖伤害了她的感情。【拓展】hurt作不及物动词时，意为“受伤；伤害”。 My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路时脚疼。 6. along / 'l / prep. 顺着；沿着 (教材P3) 【点拨】along作介词，意为“顺着；沿着”。We rode mobikes along the river happily. ( http: / / dict. / search q=along&keyfrom=hao360" \o "点击发音 )我们开心地骑着摩拜单车沿途而行。【辨析】along与down along顺着；沿着强调顺着水平方向。down指“沿着……下坡或者往南走”。I saw them running together along the road yesterday. ( http: / / dict. / search q=along&keyfrom=hao360" \o "点击发音 )我昨天看见他们沿着马路一起跑。 During summer, it’s cool to walk down the river. 在夏季，沿河而下非常凉爽。7. advice / d'va s / n. 劝告；建议 (教材P4)【点拨】advice是不可数名词，意为“劝告；建议”。I’m not good at math. I need some advice. 我数学学得不好， 我需要一些建议。【拓展】（1）常用短语是give sb. advice on sth.意为“就某事给某人提建议”。 Can you give me some advice （2）advice的动词形式为advise，常用短语：advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。The doctor advised us to drink hot tea with honey.医生建议我们喝些带蜂蜜的热茶。 8. exercise /'eks rsa z/ v. 练习；锻炼 (教材P4)【点拨】exercise为动词，锻炼（身体）; 练（兵），操练; 练习，实习，训练。My grandfather exercises in the park every morning. 他每天早晨在这个公园里锻炼。【拓展】exercise还可以作名词。（1）当exercise意为“锻炼”时，是不可数名词。 Exercise is good for your heart and lungs. 对您的心脏和肺,运动也是有益的。I suggest you go on a diet and take more exercise. 我建议你继续节食，多运动。（2）当exercise意为“练习”时，特别指具体的练习，像眼保健操和早操时，为可数名词。 We do morning exercises and eye exercises every day. 我们每天都做早操和眼保健操。 命题点考点1.(2017·江苏无锡) The famous bookshop ________ (lie) on Charing Cross Road in London in the 1940s. （2）昨天我太累了，一回到家，我就躺下休息了。I was too tired yesterday. As soon as I got home, I_______ _______ _______ _______.（3）(2018·江苏无锡) 43. How can I trust you You’ve __________ (lie) to me again and again. 【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词时态。◎回扣单元：考查lie的过去时，一般现在时。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，考查形式为单项选择、词语运用和完成句子等。◎解题点拨：（1）lay 根据“in the 1940s”可知用过去时，lie的过去式为lay, 故填lay。（2）lied down and rest 由前一句可知空缺处应该用过去时态，“躺下休息”是lied down and rest，故可知答案。（3）43. lied。2.你昨天忙了那么长时间，好好休息一下吧。You were busy for a long time. You should _____ _____ ______ _______.【答案】have a good rest3. （1）妈妈需要买辆自行车。 My mother needs a new bike.（2）（2018·上海）—Must I do the project on my own —No, you____.You can work with your classmates.A. needn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查情态动词的用法。◎回扣单元：考查need的用法。◎对接中考：在中考中是高频考点，常以单项选择、词语运用和完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1）此处考查need的单三形式needs。（2）句意：—我必须自己做这个项目吗？—不，你不需要。你可以和你的同学一起合作。A.needn’t 不必；B.can’t 不能；C. shouldn’t 不应该；D. mustn’t。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答则用needn’t或don’t have to，意为“不需要、不必”，而不能用mustn’t。 4.（1）孩子们，咱们休息吧！ Children! Let’s take a ________. （2）昨天正忙的时候，机器偏偏又坏了。The machine _______ ______at that busy hour yesterday. ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / break / " \o "点击发音 )（3）(2017·辽宁大连)My bike is ______. It will be fixed tomorrow. A. new B. light C. dirty D. broken【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词的用法。◎回扣单元：考查break的用法。◎对接中考：在中考中是高频考点，考查形式有单项选择、词语运用和完成句子等。◎解题点拨：（1）此处考查“休息”，即take a break。故填 break。(2)此处考查“机器坏了”，又因时间是过去，故填 broke down。(3) new新的；light轻的；dirty脏的；broken破损的，弄坏了的。由后句“明天它将被修理一下”可知，“我”的自行车坏了。故选D。5.(1)这只鞋太紧，把我的脚挤疼了。The tight shoe _______ my foot. (2)我感冒了，但是头不痛。 I had a fever but my head ______ _______. （3）他的言语伤害了她的感情。His words _____ ______ ______.【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词的用法。◎回扣单元：考查hurt的用法。◎对接中考：在中考中是高频考点，常以完成句子和词语运用等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1）考查hurt单三形式hurts。（2）didn’t hurt 此处考查hurt过去式的否定形式。（3）hurt her feelings6. My father has a habit(习惯) of running ______ the side of the sea for an hour in the morning.A. between B. along C. over【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查介词的用法。◎回扣单元：考查along的用法。◎对接中考：是中考常考点，常以单项选择和完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：此处意为“沿着海边跑”，沿着是“along”,故选B。7.（1）告诉我为何他拒绝听从我的劝告。Tell me the reason (why) he refused to listen to ______ ______.（2）我征求这位老师的意见。I asked the teacher______ ______ _______.（3）我的老师建议我学习声乐。My teacher_______ me _________ _______ singing.【答案】（1）my advice （2）for her advice （3）advises；to learn 8.（1）对您的心脏和肺, 运动也是有益的。_______ _______ _______ _______your heart and lungs.（2）下面我让你做第10页上的练习。Next I’d like you to _______ _______ _______ on page 10. （3）她每天下午练习钢琴。She _______ _______ _______ _______ in the afternoon. （4）你应当多锻炼以保持精力充沛。You should _______ _______ in order to keep healthy. 【答案】（1）Exercise is good for（2） do the exercises （3）does her piano exercises（4）exercise more
短语讲解1. have a cold 感冒 (教材P1)【解析】have a cold = catch a cold，此时 cold 是可数名词。【拓展】cold 还可以作不可数名词“寒冷”和形容词“寒冷的”。in the cold 在寒冷的地方（不可数名词）Her hands were blue with cold. 她的双手冻得发青。（不可数名词） The weather today is cold. 今天的天气很冷。（形容词）【归纳】have a/an + 疾病名词表示“患……病”。 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore back 背痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a toothache牙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a backache背痛Mike’s sister had a stomachache yesterday. 迈克的姐姐昨天肚子疼了。2. too much 太多 (教材P1)【辨析】too much，too many与much too 短语含义用法too much太多中心词是much相当于形容词，修饰不可数名词。相当于副词，修饰动词，放在动词之后。相当于名词，在句子中作主语或宾语。too many太多中心词是many，修饰可数名词复数。much too太中心词是too，修饰形容词或副词。There is too much rain these days. 近几天以来，有大量的降雨。Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多电视对你的眼睛有害。There are too many things for me to do every day. 对我来说，每天都有太多的事情。It’s much too cold in winter. 冬天天气太冷了。 3. see a dentist看牙医 (教材P2) 【解析】see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医I have a toothache. I’d like to see a dentist.我牙疼，我想去看看牙医。【链接】see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生You are ill. You had better see the doctor right now. 你生病了，你最好立刻去看医生。4. sound like听起来像 (教材P2) 【解析】sound 系动词，意为“听起来，好像”，后跟形容词、名词或名词性短语、句子作表语。The music sounds nice.这首乐曲听起来很优美。It sounds like a good idea. 那听起来是个好主意。It sounds like you don’t know the truth. 听起来你还不知道真相。【拓展】感官动词+ like feel like 摸起来像…… smell like 闻起来像…… look like 看起来像…… taste like 尝起来像…… You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要休息一下，远离电脑。5. away from 离开 (教材P2)【解析】（1）away from“离开”，作后置定语。He lives in a small village away from the city.他生活在一个里城市很远的小村庄里。(2) away from用于表示确切的距离（此时不用far），away可省略。但如果句子不带from短语，则不能省。He lives two miles (away) from here. 他住的地方离这儿有两英里远。He lives two miles away. 他住在两英里远的地方。【拓展】away from构成的短语keep away from“使……远离”，keep表示动作有持续性。stay away from离……远点；躲避…… run away from逃跑；逃避；避开Keep away from the fire. 离火远点。Tell him to stay away from my sister! 叫他离我妹妹远点儿！Why did you run away from school 你为什么逃学 6. shout for help大声呼救 (教材P3) 【例句】The children in the river were shouting for help.
河里的孩子们在大声呼救。【归纳】 【拓展】（1）shout v. 喊叫；大喊He opened his mouth to shout, but no sound came out.他张开嘴呼喊,但是没有发出声音。（2）shout n. 呼喊；大声叫；喊声 Her warning shout came too late.她发出的警告呼喊声来得太晚了。 His news was greeted with shouts of joy.大家都对他的消息报以欢呼。7. get off 下车 (教材P3)【解析】get off “下车” ，反义词组为get on “上车”。Never get off while the bus is moving. 公共汽车不停下来，坚决不要下车。【拓展】8. thanks to 幸亏；多亏；由于 (教材P3)【解析】thanks to为介词短语，含义相当于because of，意为“幸亏；多亏；由于”，to表示感谢的对象或原因。注意：thanks不可以改为thank you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )，to后面也不接动词原形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )。 Thanks to the policeman, the boy was saved. 多亏这位警察，小男孩得救了。 【拓展】thanks for意为“因……而感谢”，for强调为何原因而感谢，其后可接名词、动名词，thanks相当于thank you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )。 Thanks for your help. 多谢你的帮助。Thanks for inviting me. 谢谢你的邀请。9. on time (教材P3) 【辨析】on time与in time on time准时（在规定的时间之内） 强调与某个时刻一致。 in time 及时(应急赶到)正赶上时候或恰在需要的时候。【拓展】 10. get into陷入；参与 (教材P3)【例句】Henry got into a fight with another boy.亨利跟另一个男孩打了起来。【拓展】get into还有“进入；养成、染上（习惯等）”的意思。How did the thieves get into the house？这些窃贼怎么进入室内的？I'm really getting into jazz these days.近来我喜爱上爵士乐了。The children got into the bad habit of staying up.孩子们养成了熬夜的坏习惯。【链接】get sb. into… 意为“使某人陷入……”时。You will get me into trouble if you don’t follow my advice. 你若不听从我的劝告，你会将我陷入困境。11. to one’s surprise使……惊讶的；出乎……意料【解析】短语to one’s surprise中surprise是名词，意为“惊讶；惊奇”。还有另一个常用的短语：in surprise惊奇地。To my surprise, the door was unlocked. 使我吃惊的是，门没锁。He looked at me in surprise. 吃惊地看着我。【拓展】surprise还可以作动词，其形容词有两个：surprising （某事）令人吃惊的；surprised（人）对……感到吃惊。surprise sb. 使某人吃惊；吓到某人用法 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊be surprised to do sth. 做某事令人感到吃惊be surprised+ that从句The bad news surprised me. 那个坏消息使我很惊讶。You may be surprised at her answer. 你可能会对她的回答很吃惊。She was surprised to find her pocket missing.她很惊讶地发现她的钱包丢了。I’m surprised that he could guess at my age correctly. 我很惊讶他可以正确猜出我的年龄。 考题考点昨天David感冒了，他卧床休息了一天。David _________ ______ _______ yesterday, and he ______ ______ and rested for one dy. 【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词短语交际。◎回扣单元：考查have a cold的用法。◎对接中考：中考必考点，常以单项选择和情景对话形式考查。◎解题点拨：感冒为“have a cold; 而卧床休息为lie down”, 又因该句是过去式， 故填had a cold以及lay down.2.（1）Mr. Smith eats ______ food, so he’s _____ fat.A.much too; too muchB.too many; much too C. too much; too much D. too much; much too（2）—The meat is ____ delicious.— Yes, but don’t eat _______. A. too much; too much B. much too; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; much too【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查形容词短语。◎回扣单元：考查too much及其同义短语的用法。◎对接中考：中考高频考点，常以单项选择、词语运用等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1）D too much修饰不可数名词，如food； much too修饰形容词或副词，如fat；故该题选D。（2）B too much还可以相当于副词，修饰动词，故选B。3. —Where did you go yesterday, Rick —I went to see a ____ because I had a toothache.A. teacher B. dentist C. reporter【答案】B 4.（1）（2017·湖北鄂州）—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ____. A. sweet B. small C. clearly D. sadly（2）（2017·辽宁丹东）—Mom, may I drink the milk on the table —No, you can’t. It smells __________. It has gone bad.A. good B. well C. terribly D. terrible【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查系动词。◎回扣单元：考查系动词sound和smell。◎对接中考：中考高频考点，常以单项选择、词语运用等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1）sound为连系动词，后接形容词作表语，不接副词。C、D项排除；既然讲有趣的故事，那嗓音肯定甜美。故选A。（2）空格前smells为感官系动词，其后接形容词作表语。故选D。5.（1）——人们喜欢旅行。——是的，有时我们需要短暂离开忙碌的生活一段时间。—People like travelling very much.—Yes, sometimes we do need a journey to _______ ______ _____ our busy life for a while. （2）他不沾酒。He _______ ______ _____wine. （3）让孩子离火远一点。_______ the children _______ _______ the fire. 【答案】（1）run away from，（2）keeps away from（3）Keep；away from6.（1）他没有喊叫，只是默默地看着我。He _______ _______.He just looked at me silently.（2）他们听见他离开时大叫一声。They heard him give _______ _______ ______ when he left.（3）对老年人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。It’s impolite _______ _______ ______ the old man.【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查完成句子◎回扣单元：考查shout的用法。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，考查形式有单项选择、完成句子等。◎解题点拨：（1）didn’t shout 否定实义动词借助do，根据后一句用过去时态。（2）a loud shout give后面缺宾语，这里shout是名词。（3）to shout at 考查It’s+形容词+to do sth.句型。“喊叫”是shout at。7.（1）（2018天津）46. 下一站我得下车了。I have to____ _____the bus at the next stop. （2）(2017·四川乐山) The bus is coming. Oh, my God! It’s full. I’m afraid we can’t ______ it. A. get up B. get on C. get off 【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词短语。◎回扣单元：考查get off及其反义短语。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，常以单项选择、完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1）46. 此处考查get off。 （2）B get up起床；get on上车；get off下车。由语境可知，公交车上满座了，恐怕我们无法上车了。故选B。8.（1）（2018·湖北宜昌）—The population of the poor is getting smaller and smaller.—________ the government, their living conditions have improved.A. As for B. Thanks to C. As a result of D. Thanks for【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查名词短语。◎回扣单元：考查thanks to短语。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，常以单项选择、完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：句意：—穷人的数量越来越少。—多亏了政府，他们的生活条件改善了。考查固定短语辨析。A. As for至于B. Thanks to幸亏；C. As a result of由于…的结果；D. Thanks for为而感谢。their living conditions他们的生活条件，是指对方提到的the poor穷人的；根据句意语境，可知ACD三个选项意思都与句意不符，故选B。9. （1）我们及时赶上了公共汽车。We were just_______ _______ for the bus.（2）火车准时到站了。The train pulled in _______ _______. （3）我每天按时到校。 I go to school _______ _______every day.（4）他及时还了书。He returned the book_______ _______.【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查介词短语。◎回扣单元：考查time短语。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，常以单项选择、完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：in time是“及时”，on time是“按时”，所以答案为（1）in time（2）on time （3）on time（4）in time10.（1）没有谁愿意惹麻烦。Nobody likes to _______ ______ _______.（2）当我到那儿时，我看到他走进了大楼。When I got there, I saw him _____ _______ the big building.【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词短语。◎回扣单元：考查get into短语的多种含义。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，常以单项选择、完成句子等形式考查。◎解题点拨：（1） get into trouble get into有“陷入”的意思，“陷入麻烦”是get into trouble。（2）get into get into有“进入”的意思，see sb. do 看见某人做事的全过程，故填get into。11.（1） (2017·陕西) To his ________(惊讶), all the passengers agreed to go to the hospital with him. （2）(2017·新疆阜康) To his s , his father agreed with him to watch the football match together.【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查单词拼写。◎回扣单元：考查短语to one’s surprise中单词surprise的拼写。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，考查形式有单项选择、完成单词等。◎解题点拨：（1）surprise 根据汉语提示,用名词surprise构成短语to one’s surprise，表示“令某人吃惊的是”。（2）surprise
句型讲解1. What’s the matter 怎么了 (教材P1) 【解析】“What’s the matter ”, 意为“怎么了 /出什么事了 ”, 常用来询问对方的病情或其他不适。—What’s the matter 怎么了 —I have a stomachache.我胃痛。【同义句】What’s wrong What’s your trouble Is there any wrong with your What’s up What happened to you 【拓展】matter还可作动词,意为“要紧;有关系”。It doesn’t matter. 没关系。2. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。(教材P2) 【句式分析】I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 【解析】without介词，“没有”，后跟动词的- ing形式。He left his classroom without saying a word.他一句话都没有说就离开了教室。3．Did you hurt yourself playing soccer 你踢球的时候弄伤了自己吗 (教材P4)【解析】playing soccer现在分词短语作时间状语，是时间状语从句的省略形式，该句是did you hurt yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urself while you were playing the soccer/ When you played soccer的省略，相当于： Did you hurt yourself (when you were) playing soccer 4. …the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. ……司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。【解析】本句中的saw an old man lying…属于see sb. doing sth.结构，意为“看到某人正在做某事”。【辨析】see sb. doing sth.与see sb. do sth.see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在发生。see sb. do sth.表示看到某动作发生的全过程或经常看到某动作发生。We saw him playing football. 我们看见他正在踢足球。We saw him play football yesterday. 我们昨天看见他踢足球了。We often saw him play football. 我们经常看见他踢足球。 考题考点1.(2017·湖北宜昌)—You don’t look well. ________with you —I have a fever and can’t stop coughing. A. What’s happening　B. What is it C. What’s on D.What’s the matter【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查情景交际。◎回扣单元：考查就医的情景会话。◎对接中考：在中考中很重要，考查形式有单项选择和完成句子等。◎解题点拨：D 根据答语“我高烧、不停的咳嗽。”可知，前面用“What’s the matter with … ”来询问身体状况，故选D。2. We can’t do it _______ your help. A. with B. of C. under D. without【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查介词辨析。◎回扣单元：考查without后跟名词。◎对接中考：中考常考词汇，以单项选择和词语填空考查。◎解题点拨：由can’t do it可知，此处考查“没有你的帮助不能做成”， 因此，应该填without。3. You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. (改为同义句)You can’t do your homework while ____ ____.【答案】 watching TV4. (2017·江苏徐州) I saw Tom _________ his key in the lock, turn it and open the door.A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put【命题点解说】◎直击题点：考查动词的用法。◎回扣单元：考查see sb. do 与see sb. doing的区别。◎对接中考：在中考中比较重要，常以单项选择等形式考查。◎解题点拨：“看见某人做了某事”或“经常看见某人做某事”用see sb. do sth.，故选A。
语法聚焦
　 一、就医常用交际用语1.医生询问病情的常用语句（1）What’s wrong/the matter (with you) 　 你怎么了？　What's your trouble, young man 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服 　When did it start 　 　　　从何时开始生病的？（2）How are you (feeling) now 你现在觉得怎么样 　Are you feeling better today 　你今天好些了吗 （3） Have you got a headache/a cough 你头痛/咳嗽吗 （4）When did the pain start 疼痛何时开始的 （5） Did you sleep well 　你睡得好吗 　Do you feel tired 　　你觉得疲劳吗 （6）How long have you been like this 　你像这样有多久了 （7） Did you eat anything for breakfast 你早饭吃什么没有 2. 病人诉说病情的常用语句（1） I don’t feel very well. / I’m not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。（2）I have (got) a headache. 我头痛。　I have a sore throat.我嗓子痛。　I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。There's something wrong with my leg.　 我的腿有毛病了。（3）I feel terrible.我感到很难受。　I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟了。（4）I don’t feel like eating anything. 我什么都不想吃。（5）I dream too much. 我的梦特别多。　 I can’t fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着。（6）It began two days ago. 　 两天前开始的。（7）I don’t feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转。（8）I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条. 3.医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句（1）Open your mouth and say "Ah…'.　张嘴说 "啊……"。（2）Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温。（3）There's nothing much wrong / serious with you. 你没什么大问题。
（4）You have got a bad cold. 你患了重感冒。（5）You have to be in hospital. 你得住院。（6）You'd better stay in bed for a few days.　你最好卧床几天。You'd better not eat too much sugar.　　你最好别吃太多的糖。　Eat less food and take more exercise. If you do that, you'll feel much healthier. 少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多。Drink more water.　多喝水。You should drink a lot of water. 你应该多喝水。　Have a good rest.　好好休息。（7）Take one of these pills twice a day.这些药每次服一片,每天两次。
　Take the medicine after meals. 饭后服药。（8）You'll soon be all right.　你很快就会康复的。I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快就会好起来。　　 Try to relax before you go to sleep. 睡觉前尽量放松一下。 二、情态动词should的用法1.情态动词should表示“建议;应该”,其否定形式为shouldn’t,用于所有人称,其后应用动词原形。 You should do your homework by yourself. 你应该自己做作业。He should tell me about it.他应该告诉我这件事。2.在表示“要求、命令”时, should (应该), had better (最好), must (必须)的语气逐渐加强。【拓展】 英语中常见的表示建议的句型有:Why don t you … =Why not do … (为什么不……) Let s do …! (让我们做……吧!)What/How about doing … (做……怎么样 )Would you like to do … (你想做……吗 ) Shall we do … (我们做……好吗 三、反身代词表示反射或强调的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可译为“本人；本身”，为加强语气也常译为“亲自；自己”。反身代词有人称和数的变化。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself，herself，itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1. 反身代词的用法(1) 可作动词或介词的宾语。My cousin is able to dress herself. (作动词的宾语) 我表妹可以自己穿衣服了。That man only thinks about himself. (作介词的宾语) 那个男人只考虑他自己。(2) 也可用作主语或宾语的同位语，表示强调，反身代词要重读。反身代词强调主语时，其位置比较灵活。I myself will go to the party. / I will go to the party myself. (作主语的同位语) 我自己去参加晚会。Bob wanted to visit Mrs. Miller herself. (作宾语的同位语) 鲍勃想拜访米勒夫人本人。 注意：用反身代词作同位语时，要避免某些歧义现象。Joe will go and see Mark himself.(乔将亲自去看望马克。/ 乔将去看望马克本人。)（3）还可用在系动词后作表语。The boy in the picture is myself. (作表语) 照片中的男孩是我自己。2. 含有反身代词的一些固定表达enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself to sth. 随便吃点…… (all) by oneself 独自 learn by oneself 自学teach oneself 自学 cut oneself 割 / 切着自己take care of oneself 照顾自己hurt oneself 伤着自己keep ... to oneself 保守秘密 语法专练Ⅰ.(1) (2017 重庆渝北) —________ —My back hurts.A. How's it going B. How do you do C. What's the matter with you D. Where is the hospital （2）(2017·黑龙江龙东)—My grandmother was ill in hospital yesterday. —______.A. That’s all right B. I’m sorry to hear that C. That’s a good idea.Ⅱ.1. —Have you decide which high school to choose —Not yet. I 　　　　go to Guangming High School. A. must　　B. shouldn’tC. may D. needn’t2.—Mr. Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday —No, you　　　　. I have asked Kate to do it. A. can’t　　B. mustn’tC. needn’t D. shouldn’t3. We 　　　　keep the new traffic law (交通法). A. may　 B. should　 C. can　 D. need4. We 　　　　help the people in need. A. can B. mayC. should D. couldⅢ. 单项选择1. It is Sunday. Let’s just relax and enjoy ________.A. myself B. yourself C. ourselves D. himself 2. Whenever Tom reads an interesting novel, he can’t keep it to ________ and wants to share it with his classmates.A. him B. he C. himself 3. —Did you make the kite ________, kids —No, our uncle made it for us.A. yourselves B. yourself C. themselves 4. （2018·四川凉山）Parents put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep children safe.A. may B. might C. can D. shouldIV. 词形填空（1）（2018·甘肃白银）79. You shouldn’t be too hard on ________(you).
答案：Ⅰ. 1. C 2. B Ⅱ.1. C 2. C 3. B 4. CⅢ.1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D IV．（1） yourself/yourselves
课后练习
Section A
基础练习
I. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. Nobody wants to get into t____________
2. There are too many p___________ on the bus and it`s crowded.
3. The boy _______(打，击）the dog with a stick.
4. John turned around and looked at me in ____________(惊讶）.
5. My mother helped me moved the heavy box ________(向）the desk.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Lisa could dress __________ (she) when she was 5years old.
7. At that time, Rose saw her dog __________ (lie) on the floor.
8. The young man stopped his car and helped the girl without ____________ (think).
9. Ann has some trouble ___________(learn) physics. Let`s help her.
10. The old man had problems breathing. What should we do ________ (help) him
能力练习
III.从方框中选出合适的短语，并用其适当的形式填空。
right away, get off, to our surprise, get into trouble, thanks to
11. Tom wasn`t interested in studying,and he often ___________________ with his parents.
12. _______________the teacher,I improved my English a lot.
13. The driver told me _____________ at the People`s Park stop.
14. Hi, Amy. Miss Li asks you to go to her office ________________.
15. ____________________, the little girl won the English speech competition at last.
IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子。
16.他看到一个男孩躺在路边。
He ______ a boy _________ _________ ________ ________ _________ the road.
17.我走到他身边，问发生了什么事。
I came up to him and asked him _____________ ________________.
18.昨天玛丽答应帮我学习英语.
Mary _________ ________help me with my English yesterday.
19.父母期望我们努力学习.
Parents __________ us _________ ________ hard.
20.谢谢你挽救了我的生命。
Thank you for _________ ___________ ________.
21. 你们要在哪儿下车？
Where will you ___________the bus
22. 格林先生要你马上去他的办公室见他。
Mr. Green asked you to see him in his office ____________.
素养提升
V. 阅读理解。
On a hot summer day in south Florida, a little boy decided to go for a swim in a lake behind his house. When he swam toward the middle of the lake, an alligator (鳄鱼) was swimming toward him. His mother saw this through the window. She quickly ran out and shouted to him as loudly as she could.
Hearing his mother, the little boy swam back to her. Just as he reached her, the alligator reached him. The mother caught his arms just as the alligator snatched (咬住) his legs. The alligator was much stronger than the mother, but the mother didn’t let go (松手). A farmer saw this, took out his gun and killed the alligator. The little boy was saved.21教育名师原创作品
One day, a reporter interviewed him. He asked if the boy would show his scars(伤痕). The boy showed his legs with pride (自豪) and said, “You may think these scars terrible, but I don’t. I have them because of my mom’s love.”
That’s true. We have scars, too. But, some scars, are because of love.
23. Where was the mother when she saw the alligator
A. In the lake. B. In the house. C. Out of the house. D. In front of the house.
24. What might the mother shout to the boy
A. “Don’t move!” B. “What’s the matter with you ”
C. “Dangerous! Come back to me!” D. “Don’t worry!”
25. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The mother loved her son, so she saved him by herself.
B. The mother loved her son so much that she didn’t let go.
C. The alligator was not as strong as the boy’s mother.
D. The alligator didn’t get the boy and ran away in the end.
26. What did the boy think of his scars
A. Special. B. Terrible. C. Funny. D. Scary.
27. What is the best title of the passage
A. A Great Boy B. A Hot Summer Day C. A Kind Farmer D. The Scars of Love
Section A
I. 1. trouble 2. passengers 3. hit 4. surprise 5.onto
II.6. herself 7. lying 8. thinking 9. learning 10. to help
III.11. got into trouble 12. Thanks to 13. to get off 14. right away 15. To our surprise
IV. 16. saw, lying on the side of 17.what happened 18. agreed to 19. expect to study
20. saving my life 21. get off 22. right away/at once/ right now
V. 23—27 BCBAD
宾语从句
介宾短语
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