Unit 1 Trees 第1课时 基础知识及拓展（课件）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步备课系列（牛津上海版）
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Trees 第1课时 基础知识及拓展（课件）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步备课系列（牛津上海版） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-02-18 13:58:37 | ||
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(共42张PPT)
Lead in— 脑筋急转弯
Q：有人经常从十米高的地方不带任何安全装置跳下，为什么？
A：高台跳水
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
Snow and Ice Knowledge 冰雪知识
Bing Dwen Dwen
Shuey Rhon Rhon
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
第1节
Ⅰ. Words.
1. fighter 斗士；战士
e.g. She won't give up easily; she's a real fighter. 她不会轻易放弃的，她是一个真正的斗土。
Doctors and nurses are disease fighters. They always fight against all kinds of diseases.
医生和护土是与疾病斗争的战土。他们总是和各种疾病作斗争。
When the police came, the fighters ran away. 警察到来时，斗殴的人溜走了。
Words and expressions
【知识拓展】 fight n. 打架，战斗，斗志
e. g. The two boys had a fight. 两个男孩打了一架。
fight v. (fought; fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗
e. g. People often have to fight with the enemy. 人们往往不得不抗击敌人。
3. pure adj. 纯的，纯粹的，纯净的
e.g. The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 流经山间的河水通常是纯净的。
She speaks pure French. 她讲一口纯正的法语。
2. suppose v. 推想，假设
e.g. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps. 科学家们猜想大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。
Suppose your father saw you now, what would you say 假设你父亲现在看到了你，你该怎么说？
5. gas n. 气体
e.g. There are several kinds of gas in the air, with nitrogen amounting to the most part.
空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。
4. natural adj.自然的，自然界的
e.g. It is natural for a cat to catch mice. 猫捉老鼠是本能。
Fire is one of the natural elements in nature. 火是自然界中的自然元素之一。
【知识拓展】 nature n. 自然，自然界，大自然
e.g. This phenomenon is unique in nature. 这种现象在整个自然界是罕见的。
6. release v. 释放，解放
e. g. I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，让它跑了。
Four prisoners were released. 四名犯人被释放了。
【知识拓展】 release n. 释放；解脱
e.g. She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点儿出狱。
7. chemical n. 化学物质，药品
e.g. The farmers use chemicals to kill the insects in the fields. 农民用化学药品来杀死地里的害虫。
【知识拓展】 chemical adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师
8. nasty adj. 令人厌恶的，令人不悦的
e.g. There's a nasty smell coming from that sewer. 下水道里发出一股很恶心的味道。
Don't be so nasty! 不要发脾气啦！
9. communicate v. 沟通，通信
e.g. My net-pal and I communrcate with each other on the Internet. 我和我的网友通过网络保持联系。
The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American President.
外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换过意见了。
This room communicates with the other room. 这个房间与那个房间相通。
10. hardly adv. 刚刚，几乎不
e.g. I could hardly understand the theory. 我几乎不能理解这个理论。
We had hardly begun when it began to rain. 我们刚一举步就下起雨来了。
It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我几乎什么也着不见。
It hardly snows here in winter. 这里的冬天几乎不下雪。
【知识拓展】 hard adj. 坚固的，困难的 adv.努力地，剧烈地
e.g. She found it hard to make up her mind. 她发觉很难下决心。
It was raining hard last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。
11. warn v. 警告
【常用搭配】 warn somebody about something警告某人某事
e.g. warn somebody not to do something 警告某人不要做某事
The government warned the people about the coming typhoon. 政府警告人民台风将要来袭。
I must warn you not to go out. There is a storm. 我必须警告你不要出门，外面暴风骤雨。
【知识拓展】 warning n. 提醒；警告
e.g. Because of her warning, I was careful. 由于她的提醒，我很小心。
destroy v. 破坏；毁坏destruction n.毁坏；毁灭 fighter n. 战士fight v. /n. 战斗，打架
product n. 农产品production n.产品（工业方面）producer n.制片人， 制作者produce v.生产 noise n. 喧闹声， 嘈杂声，噪声noisy adj. 吵闹的； 喧闹的； 嘈杂的noisily adv. 吵闹地
fact n. 事实factor n.因素 breathe v. 呼吸breath n.呼吸
interested adj.感到有兴趣的interesting adj.令人产生兴趣的interest n.兴趣， 爱好 Scientist n.科学家Science n.科学Scientific adj.科学的
pure adj.纯净的purely adv.纯净地 warn v. 警告warning n.警告，告诫
单词扩展速背
nature n. 自然natural adj.自然的unnatural adj.不自然的naturally adv.自然地 chemical adj.化学的chemicals n.学物质（复）chemistry n. 化学（学科）chemist n.化学家
burn n. / v. 燃烧、烧伤burning adj.（中用于名词前）燃烧着的， 雄心勃勃的， 迫在眉睫的 replace v. 放回原处， 更换， 替换replacement n.更换， 解题的人或物
live v. / a. 居住、现场的living adj.活着的alive adj. 活的lively adj. 活泼的 harm n. 害处harmful adj.有害的harmless adj. 无害的harmlessly adv. 无害的
exchange v. / n. 交流， 交换change v. / n.改变， 替换 hardly adv. 几乎不hard adv. /adj. 努力地、艰难的， 坚硬的
communicate v. 交流， 沟通communication n. 交流，沟通 thank v. 感谢thankful adj. 感谢的， 感激的
main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 主要地 contain v. 容纳container n.容器
announce v. 公告，宣布announver n. 发言人announcement n. 声明， 公告 enjoy v.享受enjoyment n.享受， 快乐enjoyable adj.令人愉快的
windsurf v. 冲浪windsurfing n. 冲浪运动 leader n. 领导者lead v. 领导
in the end 最后（可用于将来时）at the end of 在……末（可指时间或空间）by the end of 到……为止（用于时间）on the end of 在……末端上 join 参加（组织或个人、人群）take part in 参加（活动）join in参加（活动）
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. be interested in 对……感兴趣
e. g. Peter is interested in playing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。
指点迷津：interesting 与interested
(1) interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。
e.g.We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。
(2) interested形容词，意为“对……感兴趣”，短语be/become interested in。
e.g. They have become interested in science. 他们对自然科学感兴趣。
Are you interested in history 你对历史感兴趣吗？
2. living things生物
指点迷津: alive 与living
通常情况下，alive做表语(be alive)，而living 一般放在名词前做定语用。
e.g. That great man is still alive. 那个伟人依然活着。
all living things 一切生物
Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代用语。
3. on the end of…在……的末端
e.g. Have you ever noticed the rubber on the end of a pencil 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？
4. of course当然
e. g. -Will you help me please 请你帮助我好吗？
-Of course!当然可以！
5. thank…for… 为……而感谢…
e.g. He thanked her for the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。
The manager thanked her crew for being so cooperative. 经理感谢她的同事们如此通力合作。
6. take…from…从……中拿出…
e.g. When people take trees from the forests, have they ever thought about planting more
当人们从森林中取走树木的时候，他们有想过要种更多的树木吗？
7. release…into… 将……释放到……中
e.g. Look, that steel work is releasing black smoke into the air. 看呀，那家钢铁厂正在向空气中排放黑烟。
8. as well as也，还
e.g. He as well as his sisters, is going to Canada. 他和他的姐妹们将要去加拿大。
She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不仅聪明，而且漂亮。
Penguins can swim under the water as well as on the top of it. 企鹅不但能在水里游，而且能在水上游。
【知识拓展】 注意区别as well as/not only…but also…
①The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.（重点放在前者）
②Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. （重点放在后者）
9. protect…by doing sth. 通过……保护…
e.g. The parents wanted to protect their children by locking them in the house.
这对父母希望通过将孩子反锁在家中来保护他们的安全。
10. join…together将……连在一起
e.g. The trees nearby can join their roots together. 周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。
11. communicate with one another相互联系，相互沟通
e.g. Nowadays, people usually communicate with each other through the Internet.
如今，人们常常通过因特网相互联系。
指点迷津：one another, each other
一般来说，在表示两个人之间的相互关系时用each other，表示两人以上的相互关系时用one another，但在实际运用时两者皆可。
e.g. Students should help each other. 学生们应当相互帮助。
Stuttents share their ideas freely with one another. 学生们可以自由地交换他们的想法。
12. hardly any 几乎没有
e.g. He spent nearly all his money. He had hardly any left. 他几乎花光所有的钱。他几乎没有剩下任何东西。
13. in danger 处于危险中
e.g. He is in danger, please inform him as soon as possible. 他处于危险之中，请尽快通知他。
The people in the burning house are in danger. 房子着火了，里面的人正处于危险中。
14. protect sb. by/from/against ……保护
e.g. The man raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 这个男人抬起胳膊挡住他的脸部免受拳击。
Please wear a hat to protect your head against the sun. 请戴好帽子，免得头部遭到暴晒。
15. What else…？ 还有什么……？
e.g. What else do you want to buy 你还想买些什么？
I.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.
1. We should try our best to fight ( pollute).
2. The man is a brave (fight). We should learn from him.
3. Students should clean the classroom (they) after school.
4. Sam wants to be a ( science) when he grows up in the future.
5. Boys and girls, how many (nature) elements do you know
随堂小练一
【keys】
1. pollution 2. fighter 3. themselves 4. scientist
5. natural
II.Choose the right word to complete the sentence.
1. We will have a meeting to talk about the plan (at /on) the end of this week.
2. You can find a hotel (at / on) the end of the street.
3. People usually communicate ( with / to) each other in the tea bar.
4. Let's talk about the project (to / on) the Open Day.
【keys】
Ⅱ. 1. at 2. on 3. with 4. on
Ⅲ Important Sentences structures.
1. They make streets more beautiful and less noisy.
“more”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“more”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。
e. g. Jane is less beautiful than Susan. 珍妮没有苏珊漂亮。
Susan’s more beautiful than Jane. 苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。
2. And, I suppose you also enjoy breathing pure, cool air.
enjoy doing意为“喜欢做……事，享受做……事的乐趣”。
e.g. I enjoy reading books at home on Sundays. 周日我喜欢在家看书。
3. … produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year.
enough+n. +to do
e.g. I have enough time to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。
adj. /adv. +enough+ to do
e.g. It's warm enough to swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳。
He didn't run fast enough to catch the train. 他跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。
Ⅰ.Read and choose the best answer.
( )1. The boy was interested chess and volleyball.
A. playing B. in play C. in playing D. of play
( )2. You must always keep your room .
A. tidily B. tidy C. untidy D. untidily
( )3. The boss made my grandfather fifteen hours a day in old days.
A. work B. worked C. working D. to work
( )4. I like many kinds of sports playing football and diving.
A. for example B. such as C. like as D. so as
( )5. I could believe that my son worked so .
A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly
随堂练习二
【keys】
Ⅰ.1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C
Ⅱ.Rewrite the sentences as required.
1. Ted is sunbathing and having Coke on the beach. (改为一般疑问句)
Ted and having Coke on the beach
2. Trees are in great danger. (改为反意疑问句)
Trees are in great danger,
3. We can save our earth by planting more trees. (就划线部分提问)
we save our earth
【keys】
Ⅱ. 1. Is; sunbathing 2. aren't they 3. How; can
Ⅳ. 考纲词汇梳理
1. It is known to all that the earth is 49 times the size of the moon but the sun is 1.3 million times as big as the earth. 地球是月亮的49倍大，但是太阳是地球的1,300,000倍大，这是常识。
【拓展1】
It is known to all that... 同义句转换： It is common knowledge that...
【拓展2】
倍数的表达法：倍数+the size of/ as...as
This string is three times the length of that string.
This string is three times as long as that string.
This string is twice longer than that string.
2. He is always adding "e" in front of the letter "t" when he spells the word "ninth", so his English teacher forced him to copy "ninth" one hundred times. 当他拼ninth这个单词的时候，总是在 t前加e，所以他的英语老师强迫他把ninth这个单词抄写一百遍。
【拓展1】
in front of 在...的前面
in the front of 在...(内部)的前面
She stands in the front of the classroom.
【拓展2】
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
3. Sometimes you may not understand your parents because one minute they're friendly and the next minute they're shouting and screaming loudly enough for the whole street to hear. 有时你可能不理解你父母，因为一会儿他们友好，一会儿他们又喊又叫，响的整条街都听见。
【拓展1】
shout at sb. 朝某人大喊大叫
【拓展2】
scream v./ n. 大喊大叫
scream out 大喊大叫
scream for 强烈要求；为...而尖叫
4. The detective thinks that the man behind the motorcycle may be the thief but his partner believes that maybe the man may just feel interested in the motorcycle. 侦探想，在摩托车后的那个男人有可能就是贼，但是他的拍档认为那个男人可能只是对那辆摩托车感兴趣。
【拓展1】
detective adj.侦探的 n. 侦探
【拓展2】
feel interested in= show interest in 对...感兴趣
【拓展3】
steal v. 偷 thief n. 小偷 复数：thieves theft n. 盗窃案
steal sth. from sb. 从某人那偷得某物
rob v. 抢劫 robber n.抢劫犯 robbery n. 抢劫案
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人
5. The girl was afraid to go outside to play because she was afraid of passing the large dog in the garden. 那个女孩害怕出去玩，因为害怕经过那个有个大狗的院子。
【拓展】
be afraid to do/ of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be afraid of sth. 害怕某物
近义词组：be frightened to do sth.
frightening adj. 令人害怕的
6. The elder brother will arrive in Beijing at about ten o'clock, while the younger one is going to reach Beijing at half past one and their parents will get there at a quarter to eight. 哥哥会在大约10点到北京，弟弟在一点半到，而他们的父母则是七点三刻到。
【拓展1】
三个“到达”
arrive in+大地点/ at+小地点 reach +sp. get to +sp.
【拓展2】
注意时间表达法
一刻钟： a quarter
七点四十五：a quarter to eight 七点一刻：a quarter past seven
愿君皆有所获，皆有所得
Lead in— 脑筋急转弯
Q：有人经常从十米高的地方不带任何安全装置跳下，为什么？
A：高台跳水
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
Snow and Ice Knowledge 冰雪知识
Bing Dwen Dwen
Shuey Rhon Rhon
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
沪教版 英语 八年级 第二学期
第1节
Ⅰ. Words.
1. fighter 斗士；战士
e.g. She won't give up easily; she's a real fighter. 她不会轻易放弃的，她是一个真正的斗土。
Doctors and nurses are disease fighters. They always fight against all kinds of diseases.
医生和护土是与疾病斗争的战土。他们总是和各种疾病作斗争。
When the police came, the fighters ran away. 警察到来时，斗殴的人溜走了。
Words and expressions
【知识拓展】 fight n. 打架，战斗，斗志
e. g. The two boys had a fight. 两个男孩打了一架。
fight v. (fought; fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗
e. g. People often have to fight with the enemy. 人们往往不得不抗击敌人。
3. pure adj. 纯的，纯粹的，纯净的
e.g. The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 流经山间的河水通常是纯净的。
She speaks pure French. 她讲一口纯正的法语。
2. suppose v. 推想，假设
e.g. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps. 科学家们猜想大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。
Suppose your father saw you now, what would you say 假设你父亲现在看到了你，你该怎么说？
5. gas n. 气体
e.g. There are several kinds of gas in the air, with nitrogen amounting to the most part.
空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。
4. natural adj.自然的，自然界的
e.g. It is natural for a cat to catch mice. 猫捉老鼠是本能。
Fire is one of the natural elements in nature. 火是自然界中的自然元素之一。
【知识拓展】 nature n. 自然，自然界，大自然
e.g. This phenomenon is unique in nature. 这种现象在整个自然界是罕见的。
6. release v. 释放，解放
e. g. I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，让它跑了。
Four prisoners were released. 四名犯人被释放了。
【知识拓展】 release n. 释放；解脱
e.g. She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点儿出狱。
7. chemical n. 化学物质，药品
e.g. The farmers use chemicals to kill the insects in the fields. 农民用化学药品来杀死地里的害虫。
【知识拓展】 chemical adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师
8. nasty adj. 令人厌恶的，令人不悦的
e.g. There's a nasty smell coming from that sewer. 下水道里发出一股很恶心的味道。
Don't be so nasty! 不要发脾气啦！
9. communicate v. 沟通，通信
e.g. My net-pal and I communrcate with each other on the Internet. 我和我的网友通过网络保持联系。
The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American President.
外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换过意见了。
This room communicates with the other room. 这个房间与那个房间相通。
10. hardly adv. 刚刚，几乎不
e.g. I could hardly understand the theory. 我几乎不能理解这个理论。
We had hardly begun when it began to rain. 我们刚一举步就下起雨来了。
It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我几乎什么也着不见。
It hardly snows here in winter. 这里的冬天几乎不下雪。
【知识拓展】 hard adj. 坚固的，困难的 adv.努力地，剧烈地
e.g. She found it hard to make up her mind. 她发觉很难下决心。
It was raining hard last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。
11. warn v. 警告
【常用搭配】 warn somebody about something警告某人某事
e.g. warn somebody not to do something 警告某人不要做某事
The government warned the people about the coming typhoon. 政府警告人民台风将要来袭。
I must warn you not to go out. There is a storm. 我必须警告你不要出门，外面暴风骤雨。
【知识拓展】 warning n. 提醒；警告
e.g. Because of her warning, I was careful. 由于她的提醒，我很小心。
destroy v. 破坏；毁坏destruction n.毁坏；毁灭 fighter n. 战士fight v. /n. 战斗，打架
product n. 农产品production n.产品（工业方面）producer n.制片人， 制作者produce v.生产 noise n. 喧闹声， 嘈杂声，噪声noisy adj. 吵闹的； 喧闹的； 嘈杂的noisily adv. 吵闹地
fact n. 事实factor n.因素 breathe v. 呼吸breath n.呼吸
interested adj.感到有兴趣的interesting adj.令人产生兴趣的interest n.兴趣， 爱好 Scientist n.科学家Science n.科学Scientific adj.科学的
pure adj.纯净的purely adv.纯净地 warn v. 警告warning n.警告，告诫
单词扩展速背
nature n. 自然natural adj.自然的unnatural adj.不自然的naturally adv.自然地 chemical adj.化学的chemicals n.学物质（复）chemistry n. 化学（学科）chemist n.化学家
burn n. / v. 燃烧、烧伤burning adj.（中用于名词前）燃烧着的， 雄心勃勃的， 迫在眉睫的 replace v. 放回原处， 更换， 替换replacement n.更换， 解题的人或物
live v. / a. 居住、现场的living adj.活着的alive adj. 活的lively adj. 活泼的 harm n. 害处harmful adj.有害的harmless adj. 无害的harmlessly adv. 无害的
exchange v. / n. 交流， 交换change v. / n.改变， 替换 hardly adv. 几乎不hard adv. /adj. 努力地、艰难的， 坚硬的
communicate v. 交流， 沟通communication n. 交流，沟通 thank v. 感谢thankful adj. 感谢的， 感激的
main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 主要地 contain v. 容纳container n.容器
announce v. 公告，宣布announver n. 发言人announcement n. 声明， 公告 enjoy v.享受enjoyment n.享受， 快乐enjoyable adj.令人愉快的
windsurf v. 冲浪windsurfing n. 冲浪运动 leader n. 领导者lead v. 领导
in the end 最后（可用于将来时）at the end of 在……末（可指时间或空间）by the end of 到……为止（用于时间）on the end of 在……末端上 join 参加（组织或个人、人群）take part in 参加（活动）join in参加（活动）
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. be interested in 对……感兴趣
e. g. Peter is interested in playing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。
指点迷津：interesting 与interested
(1) interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。
e.g.We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。
(2) interested形容词，意为“对……感兴趣”，短语be/become interested in。
e.g. They have become interested in science. 他们对自然科学感兴趣。
Are you interested in history 你对历史感兴趣吗？
2. living things生物
指点迷津: alive 与living
通常情况下，alive做表语(be alive)，而living 一般放在名词前做定语用。
e.g. That great man is still alive. 那个伟人依然活着。
all living things 一切生物
Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代用语。
3. on the end of…在……的末端
e.g. Have you ever noticed the rubber on the end of a pencil 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？
4. of course当然
e. g. -Will you help me please 请你帮助我好吗？
-Of course!当然可以！
5. thank…for… 为……而感谢…
e.g. He thanked her for the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。
The manager thanked her crew for being so cooperative. 经理感谢她的同事们如此通力合作。
6. take…from…从……中拿出…
e.g. When people take trees from the forests, have they ever thought about planting more
当人们从森林中取走树木的时候，他们有想过要种更多的树木吗？
7. release…into… 将……释放到……中
e.g. Look, that steel work is releasing black smoke into the air. 看呀，那家钢铁厂正在向空气中排放黑烟。
8. as well as也，还
e.g. He as well as his sisters, is going to Canada. 他和他的姐妹们将要去加拿大。
She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不仅聪明，而且漂亮。
Penguins can swim under the water as well as on the top of it. 企鹅不但能在水里游，而且能在水上游。
【知识拓展】 注意区别as well as/not only…but also…
①The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.（重点放在前者）
②Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. （重点放在后者）
9. protect…by doing sth. 通过……保护…
e.g. The parents wanted to protect their children by locking them in the house.
这对父母希望通过将孩子反锁在家中来保护他们的安全。
10. join…together将……连在一起
e.g. The trees nearby can join their roots together. 周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。
11. communicate with one another相互联系，相互沟通
e.g. Nowadays, people usually communicate with each other through the Internet.
如今，人们常常通过因特网相互联系。
指点迷津：one another, each other
一般来说，在表示两个人之间的相互关系时用each other，表示两人以上的相互关系时用one another，但在实际运用时两者皆可。
e.g. Students should help each other. 学生们应当相互帮助。
Stuttents share their ideas freely with one another. 学生们可以自由地交换他们的想法。
12. hardly any 几乎没有
e.g. He spent nearly all his money. He had hardly any left. 他几乎花光所有的钱。他几乎没有剩下任何东西。
13. in danger 处于危险中
e.g. He is in danger, please inform him as soon as possible. 他处于危险之中，请尽快通知他。
The people in the burning house are in danger. 房子着火了，里面的人正处于危险中。
14. protect sb. by/from/against ……保护
e.g. The man raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 这个男人抬起胳膊挡住他的脸部免受拳击。
Please wear a hat to protect your head against the sun. 请戴好帽子，免得头部遭到暴晒。
15. What else…？ 还有什么……？
e.g. What else do you want to buy 你还想买些什么？
I.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.
1. We should try our best to fight ( pollute).
2. The man is a brave (fight). We should learn from him.
3. Students should clean the classroom (they) after school.
4. Sam wants to be a ( science) when he grows up in the future.
5. Boys and girls, how many (nature) elements do you know
随堂小练一
【keys】
1. pollution 2. fighter 3. themselves 4. scientist
5. natural
II.Choose the right word to complete the sentence.
1. We will have a meeting to talk about the plan (at /on) the end of this week.
2. You can find a hotel (at / on) the end of the street.
3. People usually communicate ( with / to) each other in the tea bar.
4. Let's talk about the project (to / on) the Open Day.
【keys】
Ⅱ. 1. at 2. on 3. with 4. on
Ⅲ Important Sentences structures.
1. They make streets more beautiful and less noisy.
“more”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“more”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。
e. g. Jane is less beautiful than Susan. 珍妮没有苏珊漂亮。
Susan’s more beautiful than Jane. 苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。
2. And, I suppose you also enjoy breathing pure, cool air.
enjoy doing意为“喜欢做……事，享受做……事的乐趣”。
e.g. I enjoy reading books at home on Sundays. 周日我喜欢在家看书。
3. … produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year.
enough+n. +to do
e.g. I have enough time to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。
adj. /adv. +enough+ to do
e.g. It's warm enough to swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳。
He didn't run fast enough to catch the train. 他跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。
Ⅰ.Read and choose the best answer.
( )1. The boy was interested chess and volleyball.
A. playing B. in play C. in playing D. of play
( )2. You must always keep your room .
A. tidily B. tidy C. untidy D. untidily
( )3. The boss made my grandfather fifteen hours a day in old days.
A. work B. worked C. working D. to work
( )4. I like many kinds of sports playing football and diving.
A. for example B. such as C. like as D. so as
( )5. I could believe that my son worked so .
A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly
随堂练习二
【keys】
Ⅰ.1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C
Ⅱ.Rewrite the sentences as required.
1. Ted is sunbathing and having Coke on the beach. (改为一般疑问句)
Ted and having Coke on the beach
2. Trees are in great danger. (改为反意疑问句)
Trees are in great danger,
3. We can save our earth by planting more trees. (就划线部分提问)
we save our earth
【keys】
Ⅱ. 1. Is; sunbathing 2. aren't they 3. How; can
Ⅳ. 考纲词汇梳理
1. It is known to all that the earth is 49 times the size of the moon but the sun is 1.3 million times as big as the earth. 地球是月亮的49倍大，但是太阳是地球的1,300,000倍大，这是常识。
【拓展1】
It is known to all that... 同义句转换： It is common knowledge that...
【拓展2】
倍数的表达法：倍数+the size of/ as...as
This string is three times the length of that string.
This string is three times as long as that string.
This string is twice longer than that string.
2. He is always adding "e" in front of the letter "t" when he spells the word "ninth", so his English teacher forced him to copy "ninth" one hundred times. 当他拼ninth这个单词的时候，总是在 t前加e，所以他的英语老师强迫他把ninth这个单词抄写一百遍。
【拓展1】
in front of 在...的前面
in the front of 在...(内部)的前面
She stands in the front of the classroom.
【拓展2】
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
3. Sometimes you may not understand your parents because one minute they're friendly and the next minute they're shouting and screaming loudly enough for the whole street to hear. 有时你可能不理解你父母，因为一会儿他们友好，一会儿他们又喊又叫，响的整条街都听见。
【拓展1】
shout at sb. 朝某人大喊大叫
【拓展2】
scream v./ n. 大喊大叫
scream out 大喊大叫
scream for 强烈要求；为...而尖叫
4. The detective thinks that the man behind the motorcycle may be the thief but his partner believes that maybe the man may just feel interested in the motorcycle. 侦探想，在摩托车后的那个男人有可能就是贼，但是他的拍档认为那个男人可能只是对那辆摩托车感兴趣。
【拓展1】
detective adj.侦探的 n. 侦探
【拓展2】
feel interested in= show interest in 对...感兴趣
【拓展3】
steal v. 偷 thief n. 小偷 复数：thieves theft n. 盗窃案
steal sth. from sb. 从某人那偷得某物
rob v. 抢劫 robber n.抢劫犯 robbery n. 抢劫案
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人
5. The girl was afraid to go outside to play because she was afraid of passing the large dog in the garden. 那个女孩害怕出去玩，因为害怕经过那个有个大狗的院子。
【拓展】
be afraid to do/ of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be afraid of sth. 害怕某物
近义词组：be frightened to do sth.
frightening adj. 令人害怕的
6. The elder brother will arrive in Beijing at about ten o'clock, while the younger one is going to reach Beijing at half past one and their parents will get there at a quarter to eight. 哥哥会在大约10点到北京，弟弟在一点半到，而他们的父母则是七点三刻到。
【拓展1】
三个“到达”
arrive in+大地点/ at+小地点 reach +sp. get to +sp.
【拓展2】
注意时间表达法
一刻钟： a quarter
七点四十五：a quarter to eight 七点一刻：a quarter past seven
愿君皆有所获，皆有所得