Unit 13 How can we become good learners
Section A (Grammar Focus－4c)教案
【教学目标】
1．学习并掌握新词汇：reusable，afford，transportation
2．学习并会用以下常用表达：try to do sth.，used to do sth.，is/are doing，be considered，take part in，help with，help out，turn off，instead of，pay for，add up，afford to do sth.，not…any longer，take action，It's difficult for sb. to do sth.
3. 复习现在进行时，被动语态，现在完成时，情态动词，used to do的用法。
【重点和难点】
正确使用本课语法要点。
【教学过程】
Step 1 Revision
1. Retell the passage about sharks in 3a
What's the sharks' problem
Why are they endangered
Some facts and numbers about sharks at present
How to save the sharks
【设计意图】通过复习上节课的内容，提高学生的环保意识和课堂参与度。
Step 2 Presentation
Work on Grammar focus
1. Read the sentences and think about the tense: the Present Progressive Tense, the Present Perfect Tense, the Passive Voice, used to and Modal verbs.
2. Summary the usage of the Present Progressive Tense, the Present Perfect Tense, the Passive Voice, used to and Modal verbs.
现在进行时: present progressive
定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。
结构：be (am/is/are) + v.-ing
标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now…
e.g. Look! The boy is crying.
Look and say
What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing
Some are playing football,
some are playing basketball, some are watching them playing, and some are talking…
used to do与be used to doing
used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，暗示目前不做了，后接动词原形。
be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。
e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock.
Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning
被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
I cleaned my room. → My room was cleaned by me.
I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. → He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop.
在含有使役动词 (make, let等) 或感官动词 (see, watch, notice, hear等) 的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成：be + 过去分词
一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词
一般过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词
一般将来时被动语态：will be/ is going to be + 过去分词
情态动词的被动语态：can/could/may/might/should/must + be + 过去分词
现在完成时: Present Perfect
①概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
②时间状语：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，in the past/last few years等。
③构成：助动词have/has＋过去分词。
e.g. Have you ever been to Japan 你曾经去过日本吗？
I have just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。
难点：for＋时间段，since＋时间点，表示一段时间，应将短暂性动词转变为延续性动词，表示动作的持续。
1. 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，但不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may(might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。
2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式，可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
e.g. Ken can climb up the trees like a koala.
Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old.
You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous.
【设计意图】先让学生回忆总结所学的语法，老师进行适当点拨再进行系统讲解。
Step 3 Work on 4a
1.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
2. Check answers.
Step 4 Work on 4b
1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs.
2. Check answers.
【设计意图】通过完成练习，巩固语法的同时，也加深对环境话题的输入。
Step 5 Work on 4c
1. Make a list of things that people can do to help protect the environment.
2. Discuss their lists with the partners.
【设计意图】通过讨论环境保护巩固目标语言。
【课堂小结】
By the end of the class, we will be able to …
Key words & phrases:
take part in ,afford, turn off, reusable, pay for, take action, transportation
Key sentences:
1.Have you ever taken part in an environmental project
2. We should help save the sharks.
Reviewed different tenses and voices.
【课堂训练】 PPT(共34张PPT)
英语（人教版）
九年级全册
English
Section A（Grammar focus-4c）
Unit 13
We’re trying to save the earth!
Retell the passage about sharks in 3a
What's the sharks' problem
Why are they endangered
Some facts and numbers about sharks at present
How to save the sharks
Revision
1
课堂导入
Reason:
Comment:
Shark fin soup:
What people do:
Result:
Sharks’ situation:
Environmental protection groups (Wild Aid & WWF):
scientific studies:
at the top of food chain, ecosystem, numbers drop, bring danger to...
popular, southern China
catch, cut off, throw… back into ...
without, can no longer swim, slowly dies
not only cruel , but also harmful to
be endangered, although…
② numbers, have fallen, 90%, in the last 20 to 30 years.
② teach … about …
① ask...to...laws to stop…
①70 million,are caught, traded, industry
No…, show…, be good for...
We’re trying to save the earth. Present progressive
The river used to be so clean. used to
The air is badly polluted. Passive voice
No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. Present perfect
We should help save the sharks. Modal verbs
Read the following sentences and grammar items.
Grammar Focus
2
课堂活动
Group 1：现在进行时
Group 2：used to
Group 3：语态 （被动语态）
Group 4：现在完成时
Group 5：情态动词
现在进行时: present progressive
结构：be (am/is/are) + v.-ing
标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now…
e.g. Look! The boy is crying.
定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作，
也表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Grammar
Group 1
What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing
Some are playing football,
some are playing basketball, some are watching them playing, and some are talking…
Look and say
used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，暗示目前不做了，
后接动词原形。
be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。
e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock.
Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.
used to do与be used to doing
Group 2
1. 她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。
2. 他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。
Exercise
She used to hang out with friends on weekends.
He is used to staying up.
主动语态和被动语态的区别
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
I cleaned my room. → My room was cleaned by me.
I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. → He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop.
被动语态
在含有使役动词 (make, let等) 或感官动词 (see, watch, notice, hear等) 的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
Group 3
被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成：be + 过去分词
一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词
一般过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词
一般将来时被动语态：will be/ is going to be + 过去分词
情态动词的被动语态：can/could/may/might/should/must + be + 过去分词
1. 刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。
2. 工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。
The museum was visited by some old people just now.
Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers.
Exercises
用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. — Do you often clean your classroom
— Yes. Our classroom ________________ (clean) every day.
2. — Did you go to Jack’s birthday party
— No, I _______________. (invite)
3. A new highway in my hometown (build) next month.
is cleaned
wasn’t invited
will be built
现在完成时: Present Perfect
Group 4
①概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
②时间状语：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，in the past/last few years等。
③构成：助动词have/has＋过去分词。
e.g. Have you ever been to Japan 你曾经去过日本吗？
I have just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。
难点：for＋时间段，since＋时间点，表示一段时间，应将短暂性动词转变为延续性动词，表示动作的持续。
Complete the following sentences.
I __________ (be) in Beijing for two years.
2. I ______ never _______ (hear) of that man before.
3. Tom ____________ (work) there since two years ago.
have been
have
heard
has worked
4. The twins _____________ (wash) the clothes for an hour.
5. He ___________ (play) basketball since three years ago.
6. How long ______ Sally ________ (sing) yet
have washed
has played
has
sung
Exercises
1. 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，但不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may(might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。
2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式，可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
e.g. Ken can climb up the trees like a koala.
Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old.
You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous.
情态动词
Group 5
1. 我们不能在教室里吃东西。
2. 首先你必须完成作业。
3. 他现在不可能在家。
4. 她一定知道这个问题的答案。
You must finish your homework first.
He can’t be at home now.
She must know the answer to this question.
We can’t eat in the classroom.
Translate the following Chinese into English.
练一练
根据题意选择最适合的情态动词。
1. — you pass me a pen I’d like to write down the phone number.
— Sure. Here it is.
A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must
2. You worry about me. It’s nothing serious.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
A
C
3. —May I go to the cinema, Mom
— Certainly, but you be back by 11 o’clock.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
4. —Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
— Sorry, I’m not sure. But it be.
A. might B. mustn’t C. can’t D. must
5. The man in the office be Mr. Black, because he went home just now.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
C
A
C
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4a
Joe: ______ you ever ________ (take) part in an environmental
project
Ken: Yes, I have. I _______ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year.
It was __________ (consider) the biggest clean-up project
this city______ ever ________ (have).
Joe: How many people ________ (take) part
Have
taken
helped
considered
had
had
took
Ken: I ___________ (think) more than 1,000 people ______(come)
to help out.
Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is ______ (try) to
improve the environment.
Ken: Yes, we can’t afford to________ (wait) any longer to take
action!
think
came
trying
wait
People _________ think that big things__________________ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you ______________ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _______________ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.
can
would
could
have to
should
must
may/
might
4b
may/might
should/have to/must
can/could/should
can/could/should
can
would
could
have to
should
must
may/
might
I think it’s a great idea that you now _______ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _______________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you __________ take the bus. All these small things __________ add up and become big things that ______________ improve the environment. Let’s take action now!
have to
can/could/should
can/could
can/could
would/can/could
Make a list of things that people can do to help the
environment and discuss your list with your partner.
4c
I think that everyone should use public transportation.
I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation ...
________________________________________________________
use public transportation
1. Have you ever taken part in an environmental project
take part in 参加
take part in 多指参加会议或集体性的工作或活动，且参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。
Li Hong takes part in the school sports meeting every year.
Language points
2. Yes, we can’t afford to wait any longer to take action.
afford v. 承担得起（后果）；买得起
afford作动词，常用在can, could, be able to 等后。afford sth. “买得起某物”；afford to do sth.“负担得起某事”。
I can’t afford the new TV.
I hope I can afford to buy a big house one day.
By the end of the class, we will be able to …
3
课堂小结
Key words & phrases:
take part in ,afford, turn off, reusable, pay for, take action, transportation
Key sentences:
1.Have you ever taken part in an environmental project
2. We should help save the sharks.
Reviewed different tenses and voices.
一、根据提示完成单词
1．People especially children are interested in ________(science) knowledge.
2．You will be punished if you break the _________(法律)．
3．This kind of material is __________( reuse)．Don't throw it.
4．What do you think of the _______________(交通运输)in your city
5．Fruit juice can be _________ (harm)to children's teeth.
scientific
law
reusable
transportation
harmful
4
课堂训练
1. —Hurry up!
— One moment. I ______ my e-mails and then I’m ready to go.
read B. am reading C. was reading D. have read
2.My good friend _______ this car for more than ten years.
has had B. has bought C. have had D. buys
3.With this new lock, you _____ search for keys in your bag any more. Isn’t it cool
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
二、单项选择
B
A
A
4. Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (港珠澳大桥) ______ in December, 2009 and it opened in October, 2018.
build B. was built C. is built
5.— Linda, Dad has finished his work and we ________ to the gym to pick you up.
— Thank you, Mum.
drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving
6.Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea level to rise. Since 1993, sea level ______ at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.
A. rose B. has risen C. rises
B
D
B
7.As middle school students, we ______ follow the public rules wherever we go.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
8.Dirty air and water are harmful. They ______ kill plants, and even people.
A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t
9.It’s reported that the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo ______ from 100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made
C. is made D. will be made
B
A
D
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
1．我的家乡的天空过去常常是蓝色的。
The sky in my hometown ______ ______ _____ blue.
2．我们应该多选择乘坐公共交通工具出行。
We should ______ ______ take public transportation more to go outside.
3．我们很高兴看到我们的城市在过去的几年里变得越来越美丽。
We are happy to see our city ________ ________ more
and more beautiful in the ________ ________ ________ ．
used to
be
choose to
has become
past few years
4．我们正在考虑怎么好好利用这些书。
We are thinking about how these books can be ____ ____ ____ ____.
5．旧的楼房已经被拆除了。
The old buildings ______ ______ _____ _____.
have been pulled
put to good use
down
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