2022年中考二轮专题复习中考二轮语法复习讲义第六讲 形容词和副词（含答案）

英语 学科 中考二轮语法复习讲义
第六讲 形容词和副词
考点1：形容词与副词三种级别的变化规则
(1)规则变化
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
1. 单音节词的比较级+er, 最高级+est short shorter shortest
2. 以e结尾的单音节词比较级+r, 最高级+st nice nicer nicest
3.辅音+y结尾变y为i, 比较级再+er,最高级+est happy happier happiest
4. 重读闭音节，双写结尾的辅音字母，比较级再+er, 最高级+est big bigger biggest
thin thinner thinnest
5.某些双音节词和多音节词(3个或以上) 的比较级在前面+more或+less,最高级+the most或the least. slowly more slowly the most slowly
interesting more interesting the most interesting
expensive less expensive the least expensive
(2)不规则变化：
口诀助记：两多，两好，两坏病，一老，一少，远距离。具体变化见下表
口诀 原级 比较级 最高级 口诀 原级 比较级 最高级
两多 many more most 一老 old elder(家庭中表长幼) eldest
much older(岁数大，东西旧) oldest
两好 good better best 一少 little less least
well
两坏病 bad worse worst 远距离 far farther(距离远) farthest
badly further(程度深，深入) furthest
ill
考点2.动词与形容词和副词的搭配：
(1)系动词后接形容词，其他动词后接副词。形容词一般是没有ly, 副词一般是有ly, 特殊情况除外。初中所学的系动词可以归纳为：6官(look, seem, smell, taste, sound, feel); 5变(turn变色，get变温，be/become变成，go变质 )；4句型(make, find, think, keep/ stay) . 具体举例如下：
The mountain looks so beautiful.这山看起来真漂亮。
He seems energetic. In fact he is tired.看起来他很有活力，实际上他累了。
The dish smells good and taste delicious.这道菜闻起来很香，尝起来美味。
The music sounds soft. Whenever he hears it, he feels happy and relaxed.这音乐听起来柔和，无论他什么时候听，他都感到开心和放松。
When he heard his teacher words, his face turned red at once.当他听到他老师的话，他的脸马上变红。
Summer comes, it is getting hotter and hotter. 夏天来了，天气变得越来越热。
Jim was/became happy again after his father’s visit. 吉姆在他爸看望之后再次高兴起来。
If you don’t put the food in the fridge, it will go bad easily.如果你不把食物放入冰箱，它就容易变质。
What he said made me happy. 他所说的话使我高兴
He found/thought it easy to learn English. 他发现/认为学英语容易
We should keep our classroom clean. 我们应该保持教室干净。
We must try our best to keep/stay healthy. 我们必须尽力保持健康。
Don’t write so carelessly, your teacher won’t be happy.不要写得这么粗心，你老师会不高兴的。
All the students played games with their teacher happily. 所有学生都高兴地与老师玩游戏。
考点3：形容词与副词三个级别的选用
(1)没有东西相比，用原级；两者相比，用比较级；三者或以上相比，用最高级。如：
This story book is interesting(没比较，原级).
This story book is more interesting than that one (两者比，比较级).
This story book is the most interesting of the three books. (三者比，最高级)
(2)三个级别的暗示词及句型。
原级:①. very, so, too, quite, rather +原级
The man is very (so, quite, rather) kind. 这个男人是非常(如此，相当，十分) 仁慈的。
It’s too cold e in please. 外面太冷，请进来吧。
②.as +原级as, not as (so) +原级as
He is as tall as his brother.他与他哥哥一样高。
Lesson 1 is not as (so) difficult as Lesson 2. 第1课不如第2课难。
③原级+enough
He is not old enough to go to school.他不够年纪上学。
比较级：①比较级+than
Health is more important than wealth. 健康比财富更重要。
The green coat is less expensive than the red one.绿色大衣比红色大衣更便宜。
②far, much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still+比较级
Li Jun is far (much, a lot) stronger than Li Ming.李军比李明强壮得多。
I am a little (a bit) younger than Lucy. 我比露丝年轻一点点。
Jack and I want to lose weight. After some time I am still fatter than before. Jack is even fatter than before.杰克和我想减肥。过了一段时间我仍然比以前肥，杰甚至比以前更肥。
③比较级+比较级表示“越来越…”。
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger. 我们国家正变得越来越强。
She grows taller and taller.她长得越来越高。
④the +比较级+句子… the +比较级+句子表示某人(物,事)越…. 某人(物，事)就越…
The harder you study, the better you will be at your lessons.你学习越努力，你的功果就越好。
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.我们在一起越多，我们就越开心。
最高级: ①. 最高级+of …, in…, among.
Lisa runs fastest in her class. 莉莎在她班中跑得最快。
Jordon is the most famous player of all the basketball players.乔丹是所有篮球运动员中最闻名的。
This picture is the most beautiful among these. 这幅画是这些画中最漂亮的。
②. one of +最高级+名词复数
Tom is one of the best football players in his school.汤姆是他学校最好的足球运动员之一。
③序数词+最高级
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长的河流。
考点4：注意
(1).比较级前面一般没有定冠词the,但遇到以下句型时要用the.
He is the heavier of the two boys. 他是两个男孩子中更重的那个。
Lily is the cleverer of the twins. 莉莉是双胞胎中更聪明的那个。
(2).最高级的句型有时可以用比较级句型表示，但要注意搭配。具体如下：
Shanghai is the largest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。
=Shanghai is larger than any other city (any other +单数)in China (上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围)=Shanghai is larger than the other cities (the other +复数) in China. (上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city (any +单数) in Indian. 上海比印度的任何城市都要大。(这里上海是中国的，而其他城市是印度的，所以它们的范围不同)
考点5：几组副词的区别
1. already 与yet
两者均表示“己经”，用于现在完成时，already用于肯定句，yet用于否定和疑问句的句末。
1) I have __________ come, but she hasn’t come _________.
2) Have you had your lunch _________
2. also, too, either, as well
四者都表示“也”，also 用于句中；too用于肯定句句末，前有逗号；either用于否定句句末，前有逗号；as well 用于句末，前面没有逗号。
1) They went to see the movie. We ________ went to see the movie.
2) He likes apples, I like apples, __________.
3) If you don’t go to the park, I won’t, ____________ .
4) He is a scientist. I am a scientist ____________.
3. hard和hardly
hard 作形容词表 “硬的”，作副词表“努力，猛烈地”。而hardly是一个否定词表“几乎不”。
1) To get good grades, he works very ___________.
2) The floor is so _________ that I feel uncomfortable.
3) It’s raining hard. I can __________ see the things in front of me.
4. sometimes, some times, sometime, some time
sometimes:有时，用于一般时；some times :几次，几倍，多数用于现在完成时；sometime:某时，用于过去或将来时；some time:一段时间，用于将来时和现在完成时。
1) _______________ he goes to school on foot.
2) I have been to Guilin _______________ so far.
3) Will you come to see me _________________ next week
4) I will stay in Guangzhou for _________________.
5. alone & lonely
alone adj.单独的，独自的；adv.独立地(常用词组:do sth. alone 单独做某事）
lonely adj.(精神上的)孤独的，寂寞的； 荒凉的，偏僻的
1) She can finish her work _____________.
2) He is new here. He has few friends , so he always feel ___________.
3) Tom’s grandpa lives _________ in a ________ house , but he never feels __________.
6. So (Neither) do I 和So I do
So (Neither)+助动词+主语这句型表示“某人(物)也一样”，So 用于肯定，Neither 用于否定。如：
1) Tom has finished his homework. _______________（露丝也一样）.
2) She doesn’t learn swimming. ______________（我也没学）.
而So+主语+助动词这句型表示“某人(物)确实如此”。如：
–He is an honest boy. –So he is. –他是一个老实的男孩。–是的，他真的是。
注意：两种句型的判断主要是两个短句主语是否指同一个人(物)，指同一个人(物)时用的是So I do句型，指不同人(物)时用So do I 句型。如：
3) –Mary went to plant trees last Saturday. –______________. (约翰也去了)
4) –Mary worked very hard. – ______________（她确实很努力）。
一. 巩固练习：
( ) 1. All the dishes smell ________ and taste_________.
A. good, delicious B. well, delicious C. good, deliciously D. well, deliciously
( ) 2. Eating more vegetables will keep you ________.
A. fat B. weak C. healthy D. healthily
( ) 3. The children are singing songs ______, they are always ________to have their class.
A. happy, happy B. happily, happily C. happily, happy D. happy, happily
( ) 4. They found this book _______ to read.
A. interestingly B. interesting C. hardly D. well
( ) 5. The boy lied to his teacher. After that, his face turned _________.
A. pale B. reddly C. red D. palely
( ) 6. Jim works as ______ as Zhang Hua.
A. careful B. carefully C. more carefully D. most carefully
( ) 7. Jane’s English is very good, but her French is not so ______ as her English.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
( ) 8. Sam often talks _____ but does ________. So everyone says he is a good boy.
A. less, more B. few, much C. more, little D. little, many
( ) 9. India has the second ______ population in the world.
A. most B. largest C. least D. smallest
( ) 10. Math is one of the ______ subjects in middle schools.
A. important B. most important C. more important D. much important
( ) 11. My sister doesn’t like skating. _________.
A. So do I B. So I don’t C. Neither I don’t D. Neither do I
( ) 12. Jim is much _______ today, but Lucy is even _________.
A. well, ill B. well, worse C. better, ill D. better, worse
( ) 13. He ran and ran, but he couldn’t run _____ to catch the bus.
A. fast enough B. quick enough C. enough fast D. enough quickly
( ) 14. ______medicine I take, the worse I seem to be.
A. The little B. The more C. The most D. The few
( ) 15. Beijing is becoming _____ and ______.
A. beautiful; beautiful B. more beautiful; more beautiful
C. more; more beautiful D. more beautiful; more
( ) 16. Lesson 12 is ______ than Lesson10.
A. a bit instructive B. a bit more instructive
C. more instructive a bit D. more a bit instructive
( ) 17. This question is of the ______ importance of all.
A. less B. least C. fewer D. fewest
( ) 18.The teacher in green is _______ of the two.
A. more patient B. most patient C. the more patient D. very patient
( ) 19. The teacher is too busy. She hasn’t had her supper______.
A. yet B. already C. still ` D. just
( ) 20. Marry won’t go shopping this afternoon. I won’t go, _____.
A. either B. yet C. also D. too
参考答案：ACCBC BBABB DDABC BBCAA
二.提升练习--完形填空
Rosa liked making up stories. She was so 21 that her classmates believed her from time to time. In fact, the whole class believed her! At first she supposed it was 22 . Now, as she got up to 23 before the class, She knew that make –believe stories had some way of coming back to make you sad.
Rosa’s parents were separated. Nine months out of the year, Rosa lived with her mother in an apartment on Anderson Street. But when summer 24 , she went to her father’s farm in Arizona.
The farm was great! Rosa rode horses and 25 with some farm work. Her father, however, was so 26 that he couldn’t find time to go places with her. When she arrived each summer, her father would 27 her at the airport and take her out to eat. And the day she went back to the 28 he would always buy her a present.
When summer came to a close, Rosa 29 to her mother. At school she heard lots of stories her friends told about their family trips. Rosa wished she had a 30 to talk about.
Not long after 31 began, Rosa was looking through travel magazines in the school library. They talked about many exciting 32 , like England and Germany. When Rosa’s friends asked what she had done that summer, she made up something that was not 33 . Remembering the travel magazines she had looked at, she told her classmates that she and her father had gone to 34 .
When the class began studying England, Mr. Thomas asked Rosa to tell all the things she could 35 about her trip to England!
( )1. A. afraid B. worried C. sure D. happy
( )2. A. joke B. fun C. turn D. game
( )3. A. talk B. teach C. show D. travel
( )4. A. passed B. arrived C. lasted D. changed
( )5. A. made B. played C. helped D. did
( )6. A. weak B. pleased C. busy D. lonely
( )7. A. show B. visit C. meet D. send
( )8. A. farm B. city C. family D. school
( )9. A. wrote B. called C. moved D. returned
( )10. A. family B. school C. teacher D. farm
( )11. A. meeting B. school C. summer D. talk
( )12. A. people B. cities C. languages D. places
( )13. A interesting B. true C. long D. same
( )14. A. England B. Germany C. farm D. home
( )15. A. think B. see C. remember D. read
参考答案：CBABC CCBDA BDBAC