人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 词汇和句型学案（无答案）

选必3 Unit 2 词汇和句型
单词：
For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
drink/consume alcohol 喝酒 alcoholic drinks 酒精饮料
abuse alcohol/one’s power drug/tobacco//alcohol abuse
It will be beneficial to you both physically and mentally. physics physicist
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habits cycles and then try to adapt them. facility n. 设施；设备 sports/leisure facilities
For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.
a negative sentence/reply a negative number/charge
He got his eyes examined last week. He examined the boys in grammar. examination n.
He had his head shaved/shaven last week. shave the lawn
To join the People’s Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards.
Sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a minute
The newspaper has unearthed some disturbing news. disturbance n.
stimulate　vt.激发；促进；刺激 stimulate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
stimulating adj. 使人兴奋的 stimulation n.激励；刺激
1)(教材P20)This stimulated my motivation. 这激发了我的动力。
2)The heated discussions stimulated a free exchange of ideas. 激烈的讨论促进了思想的自由交流。
7. absorb　vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解
(1)absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意 absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的 be/get absorbed in....... 全神贯注于
①(教材P22)Absorbing stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else. 然而，要有效地吸收压力，你必须确保做一些能让你完全忘却一切的事情。
②I repeatedly read the text and finally absorbed what it conveyed.
(2)He was absorbed in the book and didn’t notice what had happened.
(3)The consultant in psychology absorbed himself in listening to the girl.
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)The young tree absorbed some water ___________________ the earth to survive.
(2)The mother tried to get her son _____________________(absorb) in his lessons.
(3)__________________(absorb) in creating realistic paintings，he has gained a high reputation at home and abroad.
[写美]——微写作/句式升级
汤姆专心于他的工作，所以他忘了告诉我开会的时间。
(3)(普通表达)Tom ______________________________________,so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
(4)(高级表达)____________________________,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词作状语)
(5)(高级表达)__________________________,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语)
8. in response to…　 回答；回复 give/make a response to... 对……做出回应 respond to… 回答；回复
①(教材P14)Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.
第二，形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。
②I received an encouraging response to my advertisement. 我的广告宣传有了令人鼓舞的回应。
(1)Judging from the _____________________(respond) of the audience, the performance was quite a success.
(2)(2020·新高考海南卷)No one _________________________(respond) and he assumed that people had already escaped.
(3)为了响应居民的巨大需求，我们社区将组织一场活动来提高人们的环境保护意识。
______________________________________________________________,our community will organize an event to raise people's awareness of environment protection.
9.reward 　n.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的
(1)give/offer a reward to sb. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而给某人报酬
in reward for...... 为奖赏/答谢…… as a reward for.... 作为对……的奖赏
(2)reward sb. with sth. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人
①(教材P14)Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
第三，有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好处或感觉。
②I send him a book in reward for his help. 我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Yesterday she _______________________(reward) for her 40 years' faithful service with the company.
(2)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Every one of us considered the picking both meaningful and ________________(reward).
(3)I would like to invite you to the exhibition in reward_________your timely and generous help during my stay in Beijing.
10. rely　 vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 reliable adj. 可靠的；可依赖的
rely on/upon 依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on it that... 指望……；相信……
①(教材P15)The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
奖励使我们更有可能继续这样的循环，继而养成了依赖不健康零食的坏习惯。
②Many people now would rely on surfing the Internet rather than reading newspapers for news.
现在很多人会依靠上网而不是阅读报纸来获取新闻。
(1) Whenever some troublesome problems emerged，I would rely ______him to give me a hand.
(2)We are looking for someone who is _____________________(rely) and hard working.
11.decide on…　 决定；选定 decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
The sales representative was fond of the book and decided on buying it straight away.
decision n. 决定 make a decision 做出决定
12. make up one's mind　下定决心
change one's mind 改变某人的主意
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
bear/keep/have sth. in mind 记住某事
come into one's mind 进入某人的脑海
①(教材P16)We need to make up our minds and show some discipline, and make small changes over time.
我们需要下定决心，约束自己的行为，逐渐做一些小的改变。
②After a heated discussion, we made up our minds to record our experiences at school.
经过激烈的讨论，我们下定决心录制我们在校的一些经历。
(1)I ____________________________________________(下定决心更加努力地学习) rather than waste precious time on those useless things.
(2)You must __________________________________(记住这些要点) while setting your goals.
(3)His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, you can never ____________(改变他的主意).
pose　vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写
= be comprised of 由……组成
(2)composer n. composition n.组成；构成；创作；作品 作曲家
①(教材P16)Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on.
生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。
②England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成了大不列颠岛。
(1)At present the medical team is ______________________ (compose) of surgeons，dentists and specialists.
(3)They __________________________ several parts, each one with a specific function.(compose)
(4)They ___________________________ several parts, each one with a specific function.(make)
(5)They ___________________ several parts, each one with a specific function.(consist)
句型：
1.whenever引导让步状语从句
(教材P20)Whenever I went out with friends, I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar：fruit, nuts, dried meat, etc.
无论何时我和朋友出去，我都会从家里带一些零食，一些没有添加任何糖分的东西：水果、坚果、肉干等。
(1)whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how；
(2)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom；
(3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可以放在主句前或主句后。
①Whenever he thinks of that matter, he always can't help laughing. 无论何时他想起那件事，他总是忍不住大笑。
②No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't keep up with my brother. 不管我怎么努力，我总是赶不上我的哥哥。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)_____________________ you need help, you can get in touch with me.
(2)(2020·新高考山东卷满分作文)_________________difficult it was, no participants gave up halfway.
2.These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
如果放任不管,在他们长大后这些坏习惯可能会导致更严重的后果。
句中的if left unchecked是条件状语从句的省略，完整句为if they are left unchecked。
1)If __________________(leave) untreated, the disease will become worse, and even threaten one's life.
2)When ________________(admit) to this school, I thought I would enjoy an extremely comfortable school life.
3)While ___________________(visit) the art exhibition, we discussed the great artists' works.
3.“not...but...”意为“不是……而是……”
(教材P15)In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.
事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的,而是要经过一段时间。
本句中含有not...but...结构，意为“不是……而是……”。
(1)not...but...连接两个主语时，谓语的数要遵循“就近原则”；
(2)“not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……”，“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……”，连接两个主语时，谓语的数都要遵循“就近原则”。
①He did not help me out, but said something that let me down.他没有帮我一把，而是说了些让我失望的话。
②Without learning a lesson from our mistakes, we would neither improve skills nor realise our goals.
不从错误中吸取教训的话，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。
(1)It is more meaningful ____ to shout empty slogans ____ to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
(2)Not the passengers but the driver ___(be) to be responsible for the accident.
(3)Not only the girl but also her parents ____(be) fond of the film.