牛津译林版七年级英语下册Unit 1 Dream Homes 语法基数词和序数词
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版七年级英语下册Unit 1 Dream Homes 语法基数词和序数词 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-02-20 13:41:30 | ||
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7BU1语法——数词的用法
一、数词的基本分类
1）基数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
2）序数词
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
二、数词的构成
1、基数词的构成
1）1-20的写法
①1-12表达英语中有相对应的单词
②13-19都是以teen结尾，其中除13,15,18之外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen构成表示十几的基数词，如four-fourteen
③整十都是以ty结尾，其中除twenty特殊记忆外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen换成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）
数字的读法
①两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one
②三位数如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之间加and，后面两位要加连字符
③四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海边去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
练习：
1.It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the_________(twenty).
用基数词-名词-形容词作形容词，意思上等于基数词+名词复数的所有格。
例a two-day-long holiday=two days’ holiday
An 8-year-old boy; an 80-page book
A 100-meter-long race; a one-hour documentary
2、序数词的构成
1）基数词变序数词的口诀如下：一二三，特殊记，八去t，九去e，f要将ve替，几十几只变个位就可以，y变为ie，然后再加th。（结合数字理解记忆）
1-12的序数词中以twelfth考察最多。ninth，eighth和fifth次之。一定要记住这些特殊变位的。
2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
三、数词的用法：
1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：
Today is my father’s fortieth birthday.
2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth。关于四位数的年份的朗读，前两位和后两位分开读，如1999，读作nineteen, ninety-nine；或者当成一个四位数读，如1999，读作one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine。
4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词，分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1, the first lesson.
补充
序数词表示为有阿拉伯数字的情况
1st,2nd, 3rd, 11th,12th, 21st, 22nd,23rd,
【练习】
一、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词
4_______ _________
14________ __________
40________ ___________
9________ ___________
19________ ___________
90________ ___________
二、单项选择
( ) 1. ________ visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand
( ) 2. -- How was your weekend
-- Great! It was my grandfather’s_______ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth
( ) 3.May is the _______ month of a year.
A. fifty B. fifteen C. fifth D. five
( ) 4. A ________ girl named Dong Changzhou looked after her disabled father.
A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. a years old
( ) 5. Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture in this unit.
A. twentieth; one B. Twenty; one C. twentieth; first D. Twenty; first
( ) 6. -- I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again. Is it the second time for him
-- Yes, and he will come for _______time next spring.
A. the third B. a second C. the third D. a third
( ) 7. -- Would you like to have _____ apples
-- No, thank you. I’ve had enough.
A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others
( ) 8. There are _____ days in a week and Tuesday is______ day of the week.
A. seven; third B. seven; the third
C. seventh; three D. the seventh; three
( ) 9. There ______ twelve months in a year. September is the_____ month.
A. are; ninth B. is; ninth C. are; nineth D. is; nineth
( ) 10. Please turn to ______.
A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page 11 D. page the 11th
( ) 11. There are______________ students in Millie’s school.
A. two thousands B. two thousand
C. two thousands of D. two thousand of
( ) 12. Nanjing is a large and beautiful city with about people.
A. eight millions B. eight million C. million of D. eight millions of
( ) 13. After the Olympic Games, __________people went to Beijing for a visit every year.
( ) 14. —How do you read the number “100,365”
—We read it like this: .
A. One hundred thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
B. Ten thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
C. one hundred thousand and three hundred and sixty-five
D. one thousand, three and sixty five hundred
( ) 15.This is my _____ time to show you _____ the local museum.
A. first; around B. the first; around
C. the first; to D. first; to
16. ___________ should not be allowed to go out at night.
A. Twelve-years -old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve years old D. Twelve year olds
三、词的适当形式填空
1. Tomorrow is my mother’s （forty）birthday. I’d like to make a nice present for her.
2.My grandfather’s _______(ninety) birthday is coming soon.
I want to give him a present.
3. Fiona wants to get a doll from her mother on her _____(nine) birthday.
4. These old men are in their_____________(ninety) but they are still very healthy.
【2020年 秦外】5. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
【2020年 江宁】6. Tomorrow is his ________ (nine) birthday, so he is excited.
【2020年 鼓楼】7. —Mr. White, could you tell me how to read the date in English
—Sure. We are saying the date like this, the ________ (twenty-one) of April.
。
【2020年 江北】8. There are ________（thousand）of things I want to do in my new house.
【2020年 秦外】9. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
【2020年 汇文】10. Tomorrow is his grandpa's ___________（九十）birthday. They will have a big dinner in the restaurant.
7BU1语法——数词的用法解析
一、数词的基本分类
1）基数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
2）序数词
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
二、数词的构成
1、基数词的构成
1）1-20的写法
①1-12表达英语中有相对应的单词
②13-19都是以teen结尾，其中除13,15,18之外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen构成表示十几的基数词，如four-fourteen
③整十都是以ty结尾，其中除twenty特殊记忆外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen换成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）
数字的读法
①两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one
②三位数如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之间加and，后面两位要加连字符
③四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海边去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
练习：
1.It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the_________(twenty).
答案：twenties
用基数词-名词-形容词作形容词，意思上等于基数词+名词复数的所有格。
例a two-day-long holiday=two days’ holiday
An 8-year-old boy; an 80-page book
A 100-meter-long race; a one-hour documentary
2、序数词的构成
1）基数词变序数词的口诀如下：一二三，特殊记，八去t，九去e，f要将ve替，几十几只变个位就可以，y变为ie，然后再加th。（结合数字理解记忆）
1-12的序数词中以twelfth考察最多。ninth，eighth和fifth次之。一定要记住这些特殊变位的。
2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
三、数词的用法：
1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：
Today is my father’s fortieth birthday.
2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth。关于四位数的年份的朗读，前两位和后两位分开读，如1999，读作nineteen, ninety-nine；或者当成一个四位数读，如1999，读作one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine。
4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词，分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1, the first lesson.
补充
序数词表示为有阿拉伯数字的情况
1st,2nd, 3rd, 11th,12th, 21st, 22nd,23rd,
【练习】
一、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词
4_______ _________
14________ __________
40________ ___________
9________ ___________
19________ ___________
90________ ___________
答案：four, fourth; fourteen, fourteenth; forty, fortieth; nine, ninth; nineteen, nineteenth; ninety, ninetieth
二、单项选择
( ) 1. ________ visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand
答案 A
分析：表示成千上百的，用thousands of或hundreds of。千和百用复数，且后面加of。
( ) 2. -- How was your weekend
-- Great! It was my grandfather’s_______ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth
答案 B
分析：形容词性物主代词+序数词，表示谁的第几个。
( ) 3.May is the _______ month of a year.
A. fifty B. fifteen C. fifth D. five
答案 C
分析：the+序数词，表示第几个。
( ) 4. A ________ girl named Dong Changzhou looked after her disabled father.
A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. a years old
答案 A
分析：可以用数字-名词-形容词的结构作形容词。注意各个单词之间用连字符隔开，且名词不用复数形式。
( ) 5. Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture in this unit.
A. twentieth; one B. Twenty; one C. twentieth; first D. Twenty; first
答案 D
分析：编号有两种表示方法，一种是基数词+名词，名词要大写，基数词也要大写，第二种是定冠词+序数词+名词，数词和名词都不需要大写。第一个空是第一种，Page后加大写的基数词，因此为大写的Twenty；第二个空是采用第二种表示方法，the+序数词+名词，因为是first，且小写。
( ) 6. -- I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again. Is it the second time for him
-- Yes, and he will come for _______time next spring.
A. the third B. a second C. the third D. a third
答案 D
分析：序数词在强调顺序时用定冠词the，当不强调顺序，而是表示"又，还，再"时用不定冠词a，an；根据--I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again．Is it the second time for him？--Yes，and he will come for…time next spring．可知他的朋友这是第二次来三亚，而且他明年春天还要来，所以在本题中序数词要与不定冠词搭配，又知third是以辅音音素开头的单词故用不定冠词a，明年将是第三次，故用a third，故选D
a/an+序数词=again（ 但与具体数量有关）例如：你已吃了4根香蕉，有人问你：你还想吃一根香蕉吗？（第5根） Would you like a fifth banana =Would you like a banana again
( ) 7. -- Would you like to have _____ apples
-- No, thank you. I’ve had enough.
A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others
答案 B
分析 另外两个有两种表达：another two+名词复数或two more+名词复数。
( ) 8. There are _____ days in a week and Tuesday is______ day of the week.
A. seven; third B. seven; the third
C. seventh; three D. the seventh; three
答案 B
分析 第一个空是说一周里有七天，表示数量，用基数词。第二个空的意思是星期二是一周的第三天，表示顺序，用序数词。故选B。
( ) 9. There ______ twelve months in a year. September is the_____ month.
A. are; ninth B. is; ninth C. are; nineth D. is; nineth
答案 A
分析 there be句型的数取决于后面的名词，而本题中为12个月，是复数，因此第一个空选are。第二个空的意思是9月是第九个月，是序数词。9的序数词变化是不规则的，要去掉e，故为ninth。本题选A。
( ) 10. Please turn to ______.
A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page 11 D. page the 11th
答案 A
分析：B选项极具迷惑性，11的序数词为11th，而不是11st，因为它写作eleventh。
( ) 11. There are______________ students in Millie’s school.
A. two thousands B. two thousand
C. two thousands of D. two thousand of
答案 B
分析：考察数词的用法。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。另外，表示大概数目的单词与百、千、百万、十亿的数字连用时，不用加s，不用加of，如several hundred trees。
( ) 12. Nanjing is a large and beautiful city with about people.
A. eight millions B. eight million C. million of D. eight millions of
答案 B
分析：考察基数词的用法。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。句意是：南京是一座美丽的大城市，居住着大约800万人口。800万是具体数字，因此不加s，不加of，直接加名词。故选B。
( ) 13. After the Olympic Games, __________people went to Beijing for a visit every year.
A. million B. millions of C. thousand of D. thousand
答案：B
分析：考察基数词。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。故正确答案为B。
( ) 14. —How do you read the number “100,365”
—We read it like this: .
A. One hundred thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
B. Ten thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
C. one hundred thousand and three hundred and sixty-five
D. one thousand, three and sixty five hundred
答案 A
分析：考察基数词的读法。英语朗读是三位一起读，而不是四位。所以选A。
( ) 15.This is my _____ time to show you _____ the local museum.
A. first; around B. the first; around
C. the first; to D. first; to
答案 A
分析：考察序数词和固定搭配两个点。第一个空考察序数词，序数词一般要与定冠词the连用，但是①有形容词性物主代词时，不加定冠词 ②加不定冠词，表示在原有次数上加一。本题有my形容词性物主代词，因此不需要加the。第二个空考察固定搭配show sb around sth，意思是带领某人参观某地。
16. ___________ should not be allowed to go out at night.
A. Twelve-years -old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve years old D. Twelve year olds
答案B
句意：十二岁孩子不允许晚上外出。Twelve-year-olds十二岁的，这里用作名词，复数。注意有连字符时year不能用复数；allow sb to do允许某人做某事，其被动形式是sb be allowed to do; go out出去；at night.在晚上。
三、词的适当形式填空
1. Tomorrow is my mother’s （forty）birthday. I’d like to make a nice present for her.
答案： fortieth
分析：考察基数词变序数词。
2.My grandfather’s _______(ninety) birthday is coming soon.
I want to give him a present.
答案：ninetieth
分析：考察序数词。
3. Fiona wants to get a doll from her mother on her _____(nine) birthday.
答案：ninth
分析：考察基数词变序数词。尤其注意4，14，40，9, 19, 90，12的序数词写法。
4. These old men are in their_____________(ninety) but they are still very healthy.
答案：nineties
分析：考察基数词变序数词。表示几十意思的词，基变序，y变为ie，然后再加th。
【2020年 秦外】5. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
答案fifties
分析：考察基数词的复数形式，表示在某人几十岁时。
【2020年 江宁】6. Tomorrow is his ________ (nine) birthday, so he is excited.
答案ninth
分析：考察序数词ninth
【2020年 鼓楼】7. —Mr. White, could you tell me how to read the date in English
—Sure. We are saying the date like this, the ________ (twenty-one) of April.
答案twenty-first
分析：考察21的序数词，几十几的序数词只变个位就可以。
【2020年 江北】8. There are ________（thousand）of things I want to do in my new house.
答案thousands
分析：表示成千上百，thousand加s后面跟of
【2020年 秦外】9. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
答案fifties
分析：in one’s fifties表示在某人五十几岁的时候
【2020年 汇文】10. Tomorrow is his grandpa's ___________（九十）birthday. They will have a big dinner in the restaurant.
答案：ninetieth
分析：本题意思是明天是他爷爷90岁的生日。这里的90是序数词的概念，故用ninetieth
一、数词的基本分类
1）基数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
2）序数词
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
二、数词的构成
1、基数词的构成
1）1-20的写法
①1-12表达英语中有相对应的单词
②13-19都是以teen结尾，其中除13,15,18之外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen构成表示十几的基数词，如four-fourteen
③整十都是以ty结尾，其中除twenty特殊记忆外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen换成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）
数字的读法
①两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one
②三位数如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之间加and，后面两位要加连字符
③四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海边去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
练习：
1.It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the_________(twenty).
用基数词-名词-形容词作形容词，意思上等于基数词+名词复数的所有格。
例a two-day-long holiday=two days’ holiday
An 8-year-old boy; an 80-page book
A 100-meter-long race; a one-hour documentary
2、序数词的构成
1）基数词变序数词的口诀如下：一二三，特殊记，八去t，九去e，f要将ve替，几十几只变个位就可以，y变为ie，然后再加th。（结合数字理解记忆）
1-12的序数词中以twelfth考察最多。ninth，eighth和fifth次之。一定要记住这些特殊变位的。
2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
三、数词的用法：
1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：
Today is my father’s fortieth birthday.
2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth。关于四位数的年份的朗读，前两位和后两位分开读，如1999，读作nineteen, ninety-nine；或者当成一个四位数读，如1999，读作one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine。
4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词，分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1, the first lesson.
补充
序数词表示为有阿拉伯数字的情况
1st,2nd, 3rd, 11th,12th, 21st, 22nd,23rd,
【练习】
一、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词
4_______ _________
14________ __________
40________ ___________
9________ ___________
19________ ___________
90________ ___________
二、单项选择
( ) 1. ________ visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand
( ) 2. -- How was your weekend
-- Great! It was my grandfather’s_______ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth
( ) 3.May is the _______ month of a year.
A. fifty B. fifteen C. fifth D. five
( ) 4. A ________ girl named Dong Changzhou looked after her disabled father.
A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. a years old
( ) 5. Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture in this unit.
A. twentieth; one B. Twenty; one C. twentieth; first D. Twenty; first
( ) 6. -- I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again. Is it the second time for him
-- Yes, and he will come for _______time next spring.
A. the third B. a second C. the third D. a third
( ) 7. -- Would you like to have _____ apples
-- No, thank you. I’ve had enough.
A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others
( ) 8. There are _____ days in a week and Tuesday is______ day of the week.
A. seven; third B. seven; the third
C. seventh; three D. the seventh; three
( ) 9. There ______ twelve months in a year. September is the_____ month.
A. are; ninth B. is; ninth C. are; nineth D. is; nineth
( ) 10. Please turn to ______.
A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page 11 D. page the 11th
( ) 11. There are______________ students in Millie’s school.
A. two thousands B. two thousand
C. two thousands of D. two thousand of
( ) 12. Nanjing is a large and beautiful city with about people.
A. eight millions B. eight million C. million of D. eight millions of
( ) 13. After the Olympic Games, __________people went to Beijing for a visit every year.
( ) 14. —How do you read the number “100,365”
—We read it like this: .
A. One hundred thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
B. Ten thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
C. one hundred thousand and three hundred and sixty-five
D. one thousand, three and sixty five hundred
( ) 15.This is my _____ time to show you _____ the local museum.
A. first; around B. the first; around
C. the first; to D. first; to
16. ___________ should not be allowed to go out at night.
A. Twelve-years -old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve years old D. Twelve year olds
三、词的适当形式填空
1. Tomorrow is my mother’s （forty）birthday. I’d like to make a nice present for her.
2.My grandfather’s _______(ninety) birthday is coming soon.
I want to give him a present.
3. Fiona wants to get a doll from her mother on her _____(nine) birthday.
4. These old men are in their_____________(ninety) but they are still very healthy.
【2020年 秦外】5. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
【2020年 江宁】6. Tomorrow is his ________ (nine) birthday, so he is excited.
【2020年 鼓楼】7. —Mr. White, could you tell me how to read the date in English
—Sure. We are saying the date like this, the ________ (twenty-one) of April.
。
【2020年 江北】8. There are ________（thousand）of things I want to do in my new house.
【2020年 秦外】9. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
【2020年 汇文】10. Tomorrow is his grandpa's ___________（九十）birthday. They will have a big dinner in the restaurant.
7BU1语法——数词的用法解析
一、数词的基本分类
1）基数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
2）序数词
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
二、数词的构成
1、基数词的构成
1）1-20的写法
①1-12表达英语中有相对应的单词
②13-19都是以teen结尾，其中除13,15,18之外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen构成表示十几的基数词，如four-fourteen
③整十都是以ty结尾，其中除twenty特殊记忆外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen换成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）
数字的读法
①两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one
②三位数如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之间加and，后面两位要加连字符
③四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海边去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
练习：
1.It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the_________(twenty).
答案：twenties
用基数词-名词-形容词作形容词，意思上等于基数词+名词复数的所有格。
例a two-day-long holiday=two days’ holiday
An 8-year-old boy; an 80-page book
A 100-meter-long race; a one-hour documentary
2、序数词的构成
1）基数词变序数词的口诀如下：一二三，特殊记，八去t，九去e，f要将ve替，几十几只变个位就可以，y变为ie，然后再加th。（结合数字理解记忆）
1-12的序数词中以twelfth考察最多。ninth，eighth和fifth次之。一定要记住这些特殊变位的。
2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
三、数词的用法：
1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：
Today is my father’s fortieth birthday.
2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth。关于四位数的年份的朗读，前两位和后两位分开读，如1999，读作nineteen, ninety-nine；或者当成一个四位数读，如1999，读作one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine。
4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词，分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1, the first lesson.
补充
序数词表示为有阿拉伯数字的情况
1st,2nd, 3rd, 11th,12th, 21st, 22nd,23rd,
【练习】
一、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词
4_______ _________
14________ __________
40________ ___________
9________ ___________
19________ ___________
90________ ___________
答案：four, fourth; fourteen, fourteenth; forty, fortieth; nine, ninth; nineteen, nineteenth; ninety, ninetieth
二、单项选择
( ) 1. ________ visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand
答案 A
分析：表示成千上百的，用thousands of或hundreds of。千和百用复数，且后面加of。
( ) 2. -- How was your weekend
-- Great! It was my grandfather’s_______ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth
答案 B
分析：形容词性物主代词+序数词，表示谁的第几个。
( ) 3.May is the _______ month of a year.
A. fifty B. fifteen C. fifth D. five
答案 C
分析：the+序数词，表示第几个。
( ) 4. A ________ girl named Dong Changzhou looked after her disabled father.
A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. a years old
答案 A
分析：可以用数字-名词-形容词的结构作形容词。注意各个单词之间用连字符隔开，且名词不用复数形式。
( ) 5. Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture in this unit.
A. twentieth; one B. Twenty; one C. twentieth; first D. Twenty; first
答案 D
分析：编号有两种表示方法，一种是基数词+名词，名词要大写，基数词也要大写，第二种是定冠词+序数词+名词，数词和名词都不需要大写。第一个空是第一种，Page后加大写的基数词，因此为大写的Twenty；第二个空是采用第二种表示方法，the+序数词+名词，因为是first，且小写。
( ) 6. -- I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again. Is it the second time for him
-- Yes, and he will come for _______time next spring.
A. the third B. a second C. the third D. a third
答案 D
分析：序数词在强调顺序时用定冠词the，当不强调顺序，而是表示"又，还，再"时用不定冠词a，an；根据--I hear your friend is visiting San Ya again．Is it the second time for him？--Yes，and he will come for…time next spring．可知他的朋友这是第二次来三亚，而且他明年春天还要来，所以在本题中序数词要与不定冠词搭配，又知third是以辅音音素开头的单词故用不定冠词a，明年将是第三次，故用a third，故选D
a/an+序数词=again（ 但与具体数量有关）例如：你已吃了4根香蕉，有人问你：你还想吃一根香蕉吗？（第5根） Would you like a fifth banana =Would you like a banana again
( ) 7. -- Would you like to have _____ apples
-- No, thank you. I’ve had enough.
A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others
答案 B
分析 另外两个有两种表达：another two+名词复数或two more+名词复数。
( ) 8. There are _____ days in a week and Tuesday is______ day of the week.
A. seven; third B. seven; the third
C. seventh; three D. the seventh; three
答案 B
分析 第一个空是说一周里有七天，表示数量，用基数词。第二个空的意思是星期二是一周的第三天，表示顺序，用序数词。故选B。
( ) 9. There ______ twelve months in a year. September is the_____ month.
A. are; ninth B. is; ninth C. are; nineth D. is; nineth
答案 A
分析 there be句型的数取决于后面的名词，而本题中为12个月，是复数，因此第一个空选are。第二个空的意思是9月是第九个月，是序数词。9的序数词变化是不规则的，要去掉e，故为ninth。本题选A。
( ) 10. Please turn to ______.
A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page 11 D. page the 11th
答案 A
分析：B选项极具迷惑性，11的序数词为11th，而不是11st，因为它写作eleventh。
( ) 11. There are______________ students in Millie’s school.
A. two thousands B. two thousand
C. two thousands of D. two thousand of
答案 B
分析：考察数词的用法。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。另外，表示大概数目的单词与百、千、百万、十亿的数字连用时，不用加s，不用加of，如several hundred trees。
( ) 12. Nanjing is a large and beautiful city with about people.
A. eight millions B. eight million C. million of D. eight millions of
答案 B
分析：考察基数词的用法。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。句意是：南京是一座美丽的大城市，居住着大约800万人口。800万是具体数字，因此不加s，不加of，直接加名词。故选B。
( ) 13. After the Olympic Games, __________people went to Beijing for a visit every year.
A. million B. millions of C. thousand of D. thousand
答案：B
分析：考察基数词。对于基数词hundred、thousand、million、billion等词来说，表示百、千、百万、十亿具体数字时不用加s，不用加of，如two hundred trees，表示成百上千的模糊的数字时，加of，加s，如hundreds of trees。故正确答案为B。
( ) 14. —How do you read the number “100,365”
—We read it like this: .
A. One hundred thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
B. Ten thousand, three hundred and sixty-five
C. one hundred thousand and three hundred and sixty-five
D. one thousand, three and sixty five hundred
答案 A
分析：考察基数词的读法。英语朗读是三位一起读，而不是四位。所以选A。
( ) 15.This is my _____ time to show you _____ the local museum.
A. first; around B. the first; around
C. the first; to D. first; to
答案 A
分析：考察序数词和固定搭配两个点。第一个空考察序数词，序数词一般要与定冠词the连用，但是①有形容词性物主代词时，不加定冠词 ②加不定冠词，表示在原有次数上加一。本题有my形容词性物主代词，因此不需要加the。第二个空考察固定搭配show sb around sth，意思是带领某人参观某地。
16. ___________ should not be allowed to go out at night.
A. Twelve-years -old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve years old D. Twelve year olds
答案B
句意：十二岁孩子不允许晚上外出。Twelve-year-olds十二岁的，这里用作名词，复数。注意有连字符时year不能用复数；allow sb to do允许某人做某事，其被动形式是sb be allowed to do; go out出去；at night.在晚上。
三、词的适当形式填空
1. Tomorrow is my mother’s （forty）birthday. I’d like to make a nice present for her.
答案： fortieth
分析：考察基数词变序数词。
2.My grandfather’s _______(ninety) birthday is coming soon.
I want to give him a present.
答案：ninetieth
分析：考察序数词。
3. Fiona wants to get a doll from her mother on her _____(nine) birthday.
答案：ninth
分析：考察基数词变序数词。尤其注意4，14，40，9, 19, 90，12的序数词写法。
4. These old men are in their_____________(ninety) but they are still very healthy.
答案：nineties
分析：考察基数词变序数词。表示几十意思的词，基变序，y变为ie，然后再加th。
【2020年 秦外】5. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
答案fifties
分析：考察基数词的复数形式，表示在某人几十岁时。
【2020年 江宁】6. Tomorrow is his ________ (nine) birthday, so he is excited.
答案ninth
分析：考察序数词ninth
【2020年 鼓楼】7. —Mr. White, could you tell me how to read the date in English
—Sure. We are saying the date like this, the ________ (twenty-one) of April.
答案twenty-first
分析：考察21的序数词，几十几的序数词只变个位就可以。
【2020年 江北】8. There are ________（thousand）of things I want to do in my new house.
答案thousands
分析：表示成千上百，thousand加s后面跟of
【2020年 秦外】9. In her ___________ (fifty), she wrote a lot of books.
答案fifties
分析：in one’s fifties表示在某人五十几岁的时候
【2020年 汇文】10. Tomorrow is his grandpa's ___________（九十）birthday. They will have a big dinner in the restaurant.
答案：ninetieth
分析：本题意思是明天是他爷爷90岁的生日。这里的90是序数词的概念，故用ninetieth