Unit 12 What did you do last weekend Section A Grammar Focus 3a-3c导学案（含部分答案）

Unit 12 What did you do last weekend
Section A Grammar Focus 3a-3c
学习目标
1、学习一般过去时。
2、动词过去式的变化规则。
3、重点、难点：一般过去时的各种特殊疑问句（what; where; when; who; how, why）
【语法学习】一般过去时态
一、概念：
一般过去时表示____________发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday，two days ago，in 2006，in the past等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。
例：I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。
二、形式：
动词be: 第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was, 其余的人称一律用were。
动词have: 一律用had, 没有人称和数的变化。
行为动词：一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化。行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。行为动词的过去时的否定式，要使用助动词 do 的过去式did，后面的谓语动词要还原为原形。
注意：在非正式语如口语中，was not, were not, had not和did not 可以分别缩写成wasn’t, weren’t, hadn’t和didn’t。
三、句型
1、肯定句结构：主语+动词的过去式+其他。
如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。
2、否定句结构为：主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他。
如：He didn’t go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。
3、一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语＋动词原形＋其他？
如： 1) -Did you go to Beijing last week -Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)
2) -Did you meet the businessman before -No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.)
4、特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词＋ did +主语＋动词原形＋其他？
如： 1) -What did you do last night -I did my homework.
2) -Where did you go last week -I went to Shanghai with my parents.
四、变化规则
行为动词的过去式：_________变化和________变化两种。
⑴ 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。
如：stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
*巩固练习*
( ) 1. －When _____ you _____ here －Two days ago.
A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come
( ) 2. －Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight －No, I _____ it last week.
A. see B. have seen C. saw
( ) 3. －I _____ to the cinema yesterday. －It’s a pity. You didn’t invite me.
A. go B. went C. have gone
( ) 4. －Why didn’t you buy any bread －Sorry, I _____.
A. forget B. forgot C. remember D. remembered
( ) 5. It only _______ me half an hour _______ to school every day last term.
A. takes; riding B. spent; to ride C. cost; walk D. took; to walk
( ) 6. Tom _______ the piano every day when he was in primary school.
A. plays B. played C. was playing D. has played
部分参考答案
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