人教版（新课程标准）选修八Unit 1 A Land of Diversity 基础知识巩固学案（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（新课程标准）选修八Unit 1 A Land of Diversity 基础知识巩固学案（有答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-02-22 16:52:06 | ||
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人教课标高二选修8 Unit 1基础知识巩固
基础知识归纳
单词 名词 与交通有关：rail, aircraft, crossing, tram, ferry
国家：Italy, Denmark, Korea, Pakistan
指人：nephew, applicant, socialist, conductor
其它：distinction, boom, strait, means, majority, ministry, hardship, percentage, immigration, vice, pole, customs, socialism, cattle, luggage, brake, bakery, seagull, angle, punishment, justice, authority
动词 elect, occur, indicate, shave, slip, hire, mourn, reform, grasp, insert
形容词 与国家有关：Italian, Korean, Pakistani
其它：distinct, Arctic, Catholic, federal, racial, apparent, civil, thankful
副词 apparently, nowhere
短语 词汇表 live on, by means of, make a life, keep up, back to back, team up with, mark out, take in, a great / good many, apply for
单元中 die from, declare war on, become home to, before long, a mixture of, go straight to, a ride on a cable car, get a spectacular view of, grasp the opportunity of, a better form of transport, have a good idea / view of
句式 1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. It is believed that... =People believe that… 人们认为
语法 复习名词性从句
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ___________ n. 海峡
2. ___________ adj.北极的; 北极区的
3. ___________ n. (政府的) 部; (全体)牧师; 牧师的职责
4. ___________ adj. 天主教的n.天主教徒
5. ___________ adj. 联邦制的; 联邦政府的
6. ___________ n. 铁路; 扶手; (护栏的)横条
7. ___________ n.百分比; 百分率
8. ____________ n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期
9. ____________ n.飞行器; 航空器; 飞机
10. ___________ adj.人种的; 种族的
11. ___________ n. 横渡; 横越; 十字路口;人行横道
12. ___________ n.&adj. 代理; 副职
13. ___________ n. 地极; 电极; 磁极
14. ___________ vi. 发生; 出现
15. ___________ n. 手段; 方法
16. ___________ vt.&vi.刮; 剃
17. ___________ n. (有轨)电车
18. ___________ n. 闸; 刹车; 制动器vi. &vt.刹(车); 用制动器减速
19. ___________ n. (公车)售票员; 列车员; (乐队)指挥
20. ___________ vi. 滑动; 滑行; 滑跤n.滑动; 滑倒
21. ___________ n. 渡船; 渡口vt.摆渡; 渡运
22. ___________ n. 角; 角度
23. ___________ adj.公民的; 国内的; 民间的
24. __________ n. 权威; 权力 (pl.) 当局; 官方
25. __________ vt.&vi. 改革; 革新n.改革; 改造; 改良
26. __________ vt.&n. 抓住; 抓紧; 掌握; 领会
27. __________ adj. 感激的; 感谢的
28. __________ vt.插入; 嵌入
29. __________ n. 苦难; 困苦
30. __________ n. &vt.租用; 雇用
31. __________ adv. 无处; 到处都无
32. __________ vt.&vi. 哀悼; 悼念; 表示悲痛
派生单词
33. _____________ adj. 清晰的; 明显的; 明确的
→ ___________ n. 差别; 区分; 卓著
34. _____________vt.选择; 决定做某事; 选举某人
→___________ n. 选举; 当选; 选举权
35. _____________ n. 侄子; 外甥
→___________n. 外甥女; 侄女
36. _____________n. 社会主义者; 社会党人adj. 社会主义的
→ __________ n. 社会主义
37. _____________ n. 处罚; 惩罚
→___________ vt.惩罚; 处罚
38. _____________ n. 申请人
→ ___________ v. 申请; 请求
→ ___________ n. 申请; 申请书
39. _____________ n. 海关; 关税; 进口税
→ ___________ n. 顾客
40. _____________vt.指出; 标示; 表明; 暗示
→___________n. 表明; 象征; 指示; 标示
41. _____________ adj. 显然的; 表面上的; 显而易见的
→____________adv. 显而易见地; 显然地
42. ______________ n. 大多数; 大半
→____________n. 少数; 少数民族(反义词)
短语
1. _______________ 继续存在; 继续生存
2. _______________ 用……的方法; 借助……
3. _______________ 大多数的
4. _______________ 对……宣战
5. _______________ 习惯新的生活方式、工作等
6. _______________ 坚持; 维持; 沿袭(风俗、传统等)
7. _______________ 某事被提到; 出现在头脑中
8. _______________背靠背
9. _______________与……合作或一起工作
10. ______________ 标出……(界线); 画线
11. ______________ 申请; 请示得到
12. ______________ ... …对……感到感激
句型
1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
It is believed that... =People believe that… 人们认为
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. As the wages were low, there were few ________ (apply) for the job.
2. In America, presidential ________ (elect) are held every four years.
3. I have no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves ________ (punish).
4. ________ (apparent), she resigned because she had an argument with her boss.
5. This part of the community needs to be protected from ________ (race) prejudice.
6. I was ________ (thank) that the meeting didn't last long, because I had a train to catch.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
live on, make a life, keep up, back to back, take in, a great many, apply for
1. He died ten years ago but his memory ________________.
2. There were ________________ families coming to watch the parade.
3. We need to ________________ all the options before making a decision.
4. To ________________ our credit card, just fill out this form and send it to us.
5. After marriage, the Smiths went to America and ________________ there.
6. The leader began to run faster, and the other runners found it hard to ________________.
7. Holding the guns, the two soldiers stood ________________ and defended themselves.
III. 用适当的连接词填空。
1. I'd like to start my own business — that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
2. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
3. It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
4. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _______ he could have expressed it differently.
5. The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
IV. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。
1. Much electricity is produced ________ ________ ________ (借助) water.
2. A volleyball court had been ________ ________ (标出……界线) on the grass.
3. They didn't ________ ________ ________ (理解重要性) of his words.
4. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (我没有想到) to ask for help.
5. The university is ________ ________ ________ (与……合作) a school in England for the research project.
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some people worry about communicating with locals when they go abroad and often take a phrasebook to help them out. But how big would the phrasebooks for the 1. ________ (follow) countries have to be According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Papua New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse country on earth with well over 800 spoken languages, three 2. ________ (time) the number spoken in Europe. The two main languages are English and TokPisin, though English is spoken by only 2% of the population. Then there's the island country of Vanuatu, 3. ________ 113 languages are spoken, although it has a population of only 290,000. That makes 4. ________ average of 2,566 people per language. Pijin is the most common language 5. ________ (use) on the 11,000 square miles of the Solomon Islands but the government is encouraging the use of English in classrooms, which, although it is regarded as the 6. ________ (nation) language, is spoken by only 5% of the population. The 640,000 people who live there 7. ________ (share) 76 spoken languages. It's not just small countries that are linguistically diverse; however some large countries are too. Tanzania has a population of 52 million and 127 spoken languages, English and Swahili 8. ________ (be) the most common. There the government plans 9. ________ (end) the use of English in schools and encourage Swahili, which is spoken by more than 90% of the population as well 10. ________ in many neighboring countries.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. strait 2. Arctic 3. ministry 4. Catholic 5. federal 6.rail
7. percentage 8. boom9. aircraft 10. racial11. crossing 12. vice
13. pole14. occur15. means 16.shave 17.tram18. brake
19. conductor 20. slip 21. ferry22. angle 23. civil 24.authority
25. reform26.grasp27. thankful28. insert29. hardship30. hire
31.nowhere 32. mourn
派生单词
33. distinct distinction34.elect election
35. nephew niece36. socialist socialism
37.punishment punish 38. applicant apply application
39. customs customer40. indicate indication
41. apparent apparently42. majority minority
短语
1. live on 2. by means of 3. the majority of4. declare war on
5. make a life 6.keep up7. occur to 8. back to back
9. team up with10.mark out 11. apply for 10.be thankful for
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. applicants 2. elections 3. punishment4. Apparently
5. racial 6. thankful
II. 1. lives on 2. a great many 3. take in4. apply for
5. made a life 6. keep up7. back to back
III. 1. what 2. where 3. why4. that
5. whether / if
IV. 1. by means of 2. marked out3. grasp the importance
4. It didn't occur to me5. teaming up with
能力提升篇：
1. following 2. times 3. where 4. an 5. used6. national7. share 8. being 9. to end10. as
基础知识归纳
单词 名词 与交通有关：rail, aircraft, crossing, tram, ferry
国家：Italy, Denmark, Korea, Pakistan
指人：nephew, applicant, socialist, conductor
其它：distinction, boom, strait, means, majority, ministry, hardship, percentage, immigration, vice, pole, customs, socialism, cattle, luggage, brake, bakery, seagull, angle, punishment, justice, authority
动词 elect, occur, indicate, shave, slip, hire, mourn, reform, grasp, insert
形容词 与国家有关：Italian, Korean, Pakistani
其它：distinct, Arctic, Catholic, federal, racial, apparent, civil, thankful
副词 apparently, nowhere
短语 词汇表 live on, by means of, make a life, keep up, back to back, team up with, mark out, take in, a great / good many, apply for
单元中 die from, declare war on, become home to, before long, a mixture of, go straight to, a ride on a cable car, get a spectacular view of, grasp the opportunity of, a better form of transport, have a good idea / view of
句式 1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. It is believed that... =People believe that… 人们认为
语法 复习名词性从句
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. ___________ n. 海峡
2. ___________ adj.北极的; 北极区的
3. ___________ n. (政府的) 部; (全体)牧师; 牧师的职责
4. ___________ adj. 天主教的n.天主教徒
5. ___________ adj. 联邦制的; 联邦政府的
6. ___________ n. 铁路; 扶手; (护栏的)横条
7. ___________ n.百分比; 百分率
8. ____________ n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期
9. ____________ n.飞行器; 航空器; 飞机
10. ___________ adj.人种的; 种族的
11. ___________ n. 横渡; 横越; 十字路口;人行横道
12. ___________ n.&adj. 代理; 副职
13. ___________ n. 地极; 电极; 磁极
14. ___________ vi. 发生; 出现
15. ___________ n. 手段; 方法
16. ___________ vt.&vi.刮; 剃
17. ___________ n. (有轨)电车
18. ___________ n. 闸; 刹车; 制动器vi. &vt.刹(车); 用制动器减速
19. ___________ n. (公车)售票员; 列车员; (乐队)指挥
20. ___________ vi. 滑动; 滑行; 滑跤n.滑动; 滑倒
21. ___________ n. 渡船; 渡口vt.摆渡; 渡运
22. ___________ n. 角; 角度
23. ___________ adj.公民的; 国内的; 民间的
24. __________ n. 权威; 权力 (pl.) 当局; 官方
25. __________ vt.&vi. 改革; 革新n.改革; 改造; 改良
26. __________ vt.&n. 抓住; 抓紧; 掌握; 领会
27. __________ adj. 感激的; 感谢的
28. __________ vt.插入; 嵌入
29. __________ n. 苦难; 困苦
30. __________ n. &vt.租用; 雇用
31. __________ adv. 无处; 到处都无
32. __________ vt.&vi. 哀悼; 悼念; 表示悲痛
派生单词
33. _____________ adj. 清晰的; 明显的; 明确的
→ ___________ n. 差别; 区分; 卓著
34. _____________vt.选择; 决定做某事; 选举某人
→___________ n. 选举; 当选; 选举权
35. _____________ n. 侄子; 外甥
→___________n. 外甥女; 侄女
36. _____________n. 社会主义者; 社会党人adj. 社会主义的
→ __________ n. 社会主义
37. _____________ n. 处罚; 惩罚
→___________ vt.惩罚; 处罚
38. _____________ n. 申请人
→ ___________ v. 申请; 请求
→ ___________ n. 申请; 申请书
39. _____________ n. 海关; 关税; 进口税
→ ___________ n. 顾客
40. _____________vt.指出; 标示; 表明; 暗示
→___________n. 表明; 象征; 指示; 标示
41. _____________ adj. 显然的; 表面上的; 显而易见的
→____________adv. 显而易见地; 显然地
42. ______________ n. 大多数; 大半
→____________n. 少数; 少数民族(反义词)
短语
1. _______________ 继续存在; 继续生存
2. _______________ 用……的方法; 借助……
3. _______________ 大多数的
4. _______________ 对……宣战
5. _______________ 习惯新的生活方式、工作等
6. _______________ 坚持; 维持; 沿袭(风俗、传统等)
7. _______________ 某事被提到; 出现在头脑中
8. _______________背靠背
9. _______________与……合作或一起工作
10. ______________ 标出……(界线); 画线
11. ______________ 申请; 请示得到
12. ______________ ... …对……感到感激
句型
1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
It is believed that... =People believe that… 人们认为
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. As the wages were low, there were few ________ (apply) for the job.
2. In America, presidential ________ (elect) are held every four years.
3. I have no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves ________ (punish).
4. ________ (apparent), she resigned because she had an argument with her boss.
5. This part of the community needs to be protected from ________ (race) prejudice.
6. I was ________ (thank) that the meeting didn't last long, because I had a train to catch.
II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
live on, make a life, keep up, back to back, take in, a great many, apply for
1. He died ten years ago but his memory ________________.
2. There were ________________ families coming to watch the parade.
3. We need to ________________ all the options before making a decision.
4. To ________________ our credit card, just fill out this form and send it to us.
5. After marriage, the Smiths went to America and ________________ there.
6. The leader began to run faster, and the other runners found it hard to ________________.
7. Holding the guns, the two soldiers stood ________________ and defended themselves.
III. 用适当的连接词填空。
1. I'd like to start my own business — that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
2. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
3. It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
4. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _______ he could have expressed it differently.
5. The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
IV. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。
1. Much electricity is produced ________ ________ ________ (借助) water.
2. A volleyball court had been ________ ________ (标出……界线) on the grass.
3. They didn't ________ ________ ________ (理解重要性) of his words.
4. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (我没有想到) to ask for help.
5. The university is ________ ________ ________ (与……合作) a school in England for the research project.
能力提升篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some people worry about communicating with locals when they go abroad and often take a phrasebook to help them out. But how big would the phrasebooks for the 1. ________ (follow) countries have to be According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Papua New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse country on earth with well over 800 spoken languages, three 2. ________ (time) the number spoken in Europe. The two main languages are English and TokPisin, though English is spoken by only 2% of the population. Then there's the island country of Vanuatu, 3. ________ 113 languages are spoken, although it has a population of only 290,000. That makes 4. ________ average of 2,566 people per language. Pijin is the most common language 5. ________ (use) on the 11,000 square miles of the Solomon Islands but the government is encouraging the use of English in classrooms, which, although it is regarded as the 6. ________ (nation) language, is spoken by only 5% of the population. The 640,000 people who live there 7. ________ (share) 76 spoken languages. It's not just small countries that are linguistically diverse; however some large countries are too. Tanzania has a population of 52 million and 127 spoken languages, English and Swahili 8. ________ (be) the most common. There the government plans 9. ________ (end) the use of English in schools and encourage Swahili, which is spoken by more than 90% of the population as well 10. ________ in many neighboring countries.
参考答案：
基础知识默写
基本单词
1. strait 2. Arctic 3. ministry 4. Catholic 5. federal 6.rail
7. percentage 8. boom9. aircraft 10. racial11. crossing 12. vice
13. pole14. occur15. means 16.shave 17.tram18. brake
19. conductor 20. slip 21. ferry22. angle 23. civil 24.authority
25. reform26.grasp27. thankful28. insert29. hardship30. hire
31.nowhere 32. mourn
派生单词
33. distinct distinction34.elect election
35. nephew niece36. socialist socialism
37.punishment punish 38. applicant apply application
39. customs customer40. indicate indication
41. apparent apparently42. majority minority
短语
1. live on 2. by means of 3. the majority of4. declare war on
5. make a life 6.keep up7. occur to 8. back to back
9. team up with10.mark out 11. apply for 10.be thankful for
基础知识运用
基础训练篇
I. 1. applicants 2. elections 3. punishment4. Apparently
5. racial 6. thankful
II. 1. lives on 2. a great many 3. take in4. apply for
5. made a life 6. keep up7. back to back
III. 1. what 2. where 3. why4. that
5. whether / if
IV. 1. by means of 2. marked out3. grasp the importance
4. It didn't occur to me5. teaming up with
能力提升篇：
1. following 2. times 3. where 4. an 5. used6. national7. share 8. being 9. to end10. as