人教版（新课程标准）选修八Unit 5 Meeting your Ancestors单元复习课件(77张ppt)

(共77张PPT)
Unit 5
Meeting your ancestors
高二选修8
1. ____________ n. 可能的选择
adj. 供选择的; 其他的
2. ____________ n. 挨饿; 饿死
3. ____________ adj. 有观察力的; 敏锐的;
严重的; 深刻的
4. ____________ vt. 假定; 设想
5. ____________ adv. 不管; 不顾
6. ____________ adj. 足够的; 充足的; 富裕的
starvation
assume
regardless
ample
alternative
acute
7. ____________ adj. 凌乱的; 脏的
8. ____________ n. 植物学
9. ____________ vt. 删; 删除
10. ___________ n. 痕迹; 搔; 挠
vt. 抓; 擦伤; 刮坏
11. ___________ n. 幼儿园
12. ___________ vt. 逮捕; 吸引
n. 逮捕; 拘留
botany
messy
delete
kindergarten
scratch
arrest
13. primitive adj. __________________
14. analysis n. __________________
15. significance n. __________________
16. academy n. __________________
17. yogurt n. __________________
18. wrinkle n. __________________
19. applaud vi. __________________
20. accelerate vi. vt. _________________
原始的; 远古的; 简陋的
分析
意义; 意思; 重要性
学院; 学会; 学术团体
酸奶; 酸乳酪
皱纹
鼓掌欢迎; 赞赏
加速; 促进
21. accuracy n. 精确; 准确
___________ adj. 精确的; 准确的
___________ adv. 精确地; 准确地
___________ n. 错误
inaccuracy
accurate
accurately
22. skill n. 技巧; 熟练
___________ adj. 有技巧的; 熟练的
___________ adv. 巧妙地, 技术好的
___________ adj. 有能力的, 熟练的
skilled
skillful
skillfully
23. interrupt v. 打断……(讲话); 打岔;
暂时中止或中断
_____________ n. 中止, 中断; 阻拦物,
障碍物
_____________ n. 打断者, 阻碍者
________________ [搭配]不中断地
without interruption
interruption
interrupter
24. sharp adj. 锋利的; 尖锐的; 急剧的
__________ adv. 锐利地; 急剧地
__________ n. 锐利
__________ v. 削尖; (使) 尖锐
__________ n. 削具; 磨具
sharpener
sharply
sharpness
sharpen
1. 不顾; 不管 ________________
2. 遭受; 患……病; 受……苦
________________
3. 把……和……对比 ________________
4. 带某人到处参观 ________________
5. 对……感兴趣 ________________
regardless of
suffer from
compare...with...
show sb. round
be interested in
6. 御寒; 挡住寒气 _________________
7. 最多; 至多 _________________
8. 切碎 _________________
9. 向前看; 为将来打算 ______________
10. 追溯到 _________________
11. 在乎; 担心 _________________
keep out the cold
at most
cut up
date back
care about
look ahead
12. look very much like ______________
13. used to do ______________
14. gather for reunions ______________
15. lie in wait (for sb.)
______________
16. become dizzy with hunger
______________
看起来很像
过去常做
团聚
隐蔽静候以出其不意
饿得头昏眼花
17. scoop up _____________
18. pull out _____________
19. with relief _____________
20. now and then _____________
21. one’s spirits rise _____________
某人的情绪高涨起来
搂起来
拖出来
宽慰地
不时地
1. if only… 要是……就好了/但愿……
e.g. If only she had looked ahead and planned
better this year!
2. only to do/be (结果)却……
e.g. Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up
by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
1. 无被动语态的动词短语聚焦
① date from/ back to 追溯到
② belong to 属于
③ consist of 由……组成
④ come true 变成现实
⑤ take place 发生
⑥ break out 爆发
2. 后缀-en构成的动词集锦
① sharpen 磨快; 使敏捷
② ripen 变成熟
③ shorten 变短; 缩短
④ widen （使）变宽
⑤ deepen 使变深
⑥ strengthen 加强
与考古相关的语块
date back to 追溯到
unlock secrets of their lives and culture
揭开他们生活和文化的秘密
the remains of long-dead civilizations
古老文明的遗迹
dig up 挖出，挖掘
Stone Age 石器时代
gold / jade / bronze / stone objects 金/玉/铜/石器
Modern technology makes it possible to find out more about ...
现代科技使得发现更多的关于……成为可能。
Archaeologists are trained specialists, who know what to look for and what to pay attention to.
考古学家是受过训练的专家，他们知道要找什么，要注意什么。
The only way for archaeologists and historians to learn from the past is through carefully conducted archaeological excavations.
考古学家和历史学家向过去学习的唯一途径是仔细进行考古发掘。
Archaeological treasures may have been buried for centuries before being brought to light and placed in a museum.
考古珍品可能已经埋了几个世纪，然后才被曝光并存放在博物馆里。
There had been an amazing discovery of ... dating back nearly two million years.
令人惊讶的是，发现了近两百万年前的……。
1. alternative n. 可能的选择
adj. 供选择的; 其他的
【教材原句】Can you think of the alternatives we would use today
你能想到我们今天使用的替代品吗？
【归纳】
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事
an alternative of doing sth. 做某事的其他方法
an alternative to sth. 某物的替代品
【拓展】
alternatively adv. 可供选择地
【联想】
“别无选择只好做……” 的其他表达形式有：
have no choice but to do sth.
can't do sth. but do sth.
can do nothing but do sth.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) I'm afraid ______________________________ you to the police.
恐怕除了向警方告发你以外，我别无选择了。
2) If you don't like the school lunch, you ____________________________ your own.
要是你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以自己带饭。
3) Many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without careful assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of _____________(可选择的) uses of their money.
(2019 江苏)
have no alternative/choice but to report
have the alternative of bringing
alternative
2. interrupt vt. & vi. 打断……讲话; 打岔;
暂时中断或中止
【教材原句】I’m sorry to interrupt you but
how could they live here
对不起, 打断了你的讲话。请问他们怎么能
够住在这个地方呢？
【归纳】
interrupt sb. / sth. (with sth.)
打断(某人)讲话; 打岔; 打扰
【拓展】
interruption n. 打扰; 插嘴; 阻隔物
without interruption 连续地；不受打扰
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Let's go somewhere where we can talk without ____________ (interrupt)．
2) It is not polite to interrupt a speaker _______ frequent questions.
3) ____________(interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. (2017 全国卷Ⅱ)
interruption
with
Interruptions
3. assume vt. 假定; 设想
【教材原句】
So we think it is reasonable to assume they
lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此, 我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒, 就住
在这些洞穴里。
【归纳】
assume sb. / sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某物为
It is assumed that... 据认为
assuming that … 假设/假定……
【拓展】
assumption n. 假定, 假设, 设想
make an assumption 认为, 假定
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) ___________ (that) it rains, what shall we do
假如下雨的话, 我们该怎么办？
2) _______________________ stress is caused by too much work.
人们普遍认为压力是由工作太多引起的。
3) A lot of people make the __________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
4) We are so fond of our high intelligence that we _________(认为，假定) that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. (2019 江苏)
Assuming
assumption
assume
It is generally assumed that
4. significance n. 意义; 意思; 重要性;
重要意义
【教材原句】His university was aware of the
significance of his work.
他所在的大学知道他的工作的重要性。
【归纳】
1) be of (great/no/little) significance to...
　 对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to
认为……(很)重要
2) significant adj. 重要的；明显的
significantly adv. 重要地
insignificant adj. 不重要的
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Their change of plan is strange but I think it’s of no ____________ (significant).
2) I attach _________________ to this matter.
我很重视这件事。
3) Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean ___________(significance) changes. (2019 北京)
much significance
significance
significance
5. arrest vt. 逮捕; 吸引
n. 逮捕; 拘留
【教材原句】She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到目的地的时候, 一阵香气扑鼻, 她不往前走了, 停了下来。
【归纳】
arrest sb. for 因……逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one’s attention 引起注意
under arrest 被捕
make an arrest 进行拘捕
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) He was the first _______________ drunk
driving.
他是第一个因醉驾而被捕的人。
2) Her laughter ___________________ and we
all stared at her.
她的笑声吸引了我们的注意, 我们都盯着她
看。
to be arrested for
arrested our attention
1. regardless of 不管; 不顾(侧重指不计后
果和代价)
【教材原句】So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
regardless of 强调不认为……重要, 从而不加以重视或考虑; 其后可接whether, what引导的从句
despite/ in spite of 意为“尽管……但是”；其后一般不接从句, 接名词、代词或动名词。
regardless of/despite/in spite of
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) ______________ he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decision.
无论他是对还是错, 我们必须遵守他的决定。
2) _______________ the previous rounds of talks,
no agreement has been reached so far by the
two sides. (2015 天津)
虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判，但是到目前为
止，双方没有达成共识。
Regardless of
Despite/In spite of
2. be fed up with 受够了; 饱受; 厌烦
【课文原句】Well, I’m fed up with all the attention and …
噢, 我对这些关注感到厌烦，……
【拓展】
1) be tired of 对……感到厌烦
be bored with 对……厌倦了
have enough of 对……受够了/ 厌倦了
2) feed on 以……为食
feed...with/on... 用……喂……；供给……
feed＋食物＋to...用某物喂养……
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) _____ (feed) up with his lies, she won't believe in him any longer.
2) All animals including men feed _____ plants or other animals.
3) Please feed some grass _____ the cow.
on
Fed
to
3. date back to = date from 追溯到, 从……就有
【课文原句】All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3, 000 and 5, 000 years ago.
所有物品都来自三星堆遗址, 它们能追溯到
3000至5000年前。
【归纳】
date back to (=date from) 一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。
【拓展】
up to date 时髦的
out of date 过时的
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) This is an old building _____________ the 16th century.
这是一栋可追溯至16世纪的古老建筑。
2) The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections _____________(追溯到) the Middle Age.
(2018 江苏)
dating back to
date from
1. if only… 要是……就好了/但愿……
【教材原句】
If only it could be just like last year!
要是能像去年那样该多好呀！
【归纳】
if only...常用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用
虚拟语气。
if only...could/would/might＋do... 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)。
if only...did... 表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。
if only...had done... 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) If only I ___________ (follow) the doctor’s
advice!
要是我听从了医生的建议该多好啊！
2) If only we __________ (have) the opportunity to work in Tibet next year.
我们明年要是有机会去西藏工作就好了。
had followed
could have
only if由副词only和从属连词if组合而成, only仅起强调作用, “只有”, 引导条件状语从句, 不用虚拟语气。若其引导的从句置于句首, 且与主语间没有逗号隔开, 则主句用倒装语序。
【辨析】if only/only if
e.g. Only if you promise not to invite Mary
will I come.
2. only to do/be (结果)却……
【教材原句】Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
突然间她坐了下去, 结果被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了过来。
【归纳】
1) only to do 是不定式作结果状语，意为“不料，结果却”，表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。
2) 现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The headmaster hurried to the lecture hall, only __________ (tell) the speaker had gone.
校长匆忙去了演讲大厅，结果被告知演讲者已走了。
2) He has got married and settled in Australia, ________ (leave) his family in Hong Kong.
他结婚定居在澳洲，留下他的家人在香港。
to be told
leaving
现在完成进行时
总结 例句
构成 have / has + been +动词-ing形式 Tom has been watching
TV programmes since
seven o'clock this evening.
I have been working here
for five years.
总结 例句
用法 表示一个由过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作(可能刚结束，也可能还要进行下去)。 I've been doing my
housework all morning
and I've just finished it.
How long have you been
wearing glasses
有时表示动作的重复。 David has been coughing a lot lately. He ought to give up smoking.
有时带有感彩。 Too much has been
happening today!
总结 例句
常搭配的时间状语 all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及由since和for引导的短语或从句 My sister’s been writing letters all night.
He is ill. He’s been lying in bed for three weeks.
We’ve been living in this city since we got married.
【拓展】
现在完成进行时与现在完成时相比, 主要有三个特点：
1. 未完结性。现在完成时表示动作已完成, 而
现在完成进行时则常常具有未完成含义。
2. 短暂性。现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可
表示延续至今的状态, 但是现在完成进行时
常常表示短暂性。如：
They have lived in New York. （长期性）
They have been living in New York.（短暂性）
3. 连续性或重复性。现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：
I’ve been knocking. I don’t think
anybody’s in.
【语境应用】选用括号内合适的内容完成下面对话。
Molly: Mum, you look really tired. What 1. _____________________ (are you doing, have you been doing) all day
Mum: I 2. _____________________ (am cleaning, have been cleaning) the house.
Molly: 3. ___________________ (Have you seen, Have you been seeing) a gold necklace
have you been doing
have been cleaning
Have you seen
Mum: No, I have cleaned all the rooms but haven't seen it. How long 4. _____________________ (were you looking for, have you been looking for) it
Molly: Well, I 5. _____________________ (didn't see, haven't seen) it since last week.
Mum: Amanda has tidied up a lot today. 6. _______________________ (Have you asked, Have you been asking) her yet
Molly: No, I'll ask her now. Thanks, Mum.
have you been looking for
haven't seen
Have you asked
1. — Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for
— The new Star Wars. We ______________
(wait) here for more than two hours.
(2016 北京)
have been waiting
2. Dashan, who ______________ (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand- up tradition. (2016 江苏)
has been learning
3. — Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
— He went to the library after breakfast and
_______________ (write) his essay there
ever since. (2015 福建)
has been writing
4. Marty __________________________ (work)
really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll
have finished it by Friday. (2015 陕西)
has been working / is working
Ⅰ. 课文语法填空。
After 1.________ (find) human and animal bones in Zhoukoudian caves as well as tools and other objects, we think it is 2. _________ (reason) to assume some of the earliest people 3. ________ (live) in these caves. We’ve discovered fireplaces in the center of the caves 4. ________ they made fires. They might have kept the fire 5. ________ (burn) all winter to keep warm.
finding
reasonable
where
lived
burning
Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6. ________ (make) from animal skins. 7. ________ the botanical analyses have shown, all the fields around here used 8. ________ (be) part of a large shallow lake. Our ancestors would move around, 9. ________ (follow) the herds of animals. They didn’t grow their own crops, 10. ________ picked fruit and hunted animals.
made
As
to be
following
but
Ⅱ. 课文短文改错。
Worried about the preparations to her feast,
Lala quickly turned for home with her collect of
nuts, melons and other fruit. It was the custom of
family groups separate and then gather again at
difference sites for reunions as they follow the
animal herds across the grasslands.
for
collection
to
different
followed
A wrinkle appeared on his forehead. If only it
can be just like last year! At that time she had
been so happy when Dahu chose her as the future
mother of his children. It was a great honour for
her to be choose. She had felt so proud as the
group shouted loud to applaud his choice.
her
could
such
chosen
loudly
Ⅲ. 用本单元词汇和句式完成句子。
1. 在这次参观中我们知道了早期人类的生活环境。
During the visit, we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.
2. 我本打算和你一起去书店的，结果却被告知必须参加一个会议。(only to do…)
I had planned to go to the bookstore with you, only to be told that I had to attend a meeting.
3. 不管有多难，我们都要尽力保护这些文化遗产。
Regardless of the difficulties, we will try our best to preserve the cultural heritage.
4. 他们正在试图研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。
They are trying to make a new medicine to arrest the spread of the disease.
如何用英语介绍文物
【写作任务】
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack 给你发来邮
件，希望了解一下中国的国宝级文物“后母戊鼎
（Houmuwu Ding）”。请你根据以下提示给他回一封邮件。
注意：1. 词数100 左右（开头和结尾已给出，但
不计入总词数）；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
If you have any more questions about the Ding,
please do not hesitate to ask me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
一、审题定调
本写作任务要求给朋友回一封邮件，介绍文物
后母戊鼎，故正文属于说明文。介绍文物时，可从其发掘的时间、地点、文物的特点以及意义等方面进行详细的介绍，让读者对此文物有一定的了解。
二、谋篇布局
本篇习作正文可分为三部分：
第一部分：说明写信目的；
第二部分：具体介绍该文物的发掘时间、地点
及其特点；
第三部分：说明该文物的意义。
【范文展示】
普通范文
Dear Jack,
Glad to receive your email. I'm writing to tell
you something about Houmuwu Ding.
Houmuwu Ding dates back to the Shang
Dynasty and was unearthed in Anyang City, Henan
Province in 1939. Its name came from three Chinese characters “hou mu wu” in its inside wall. The rectangle object is the largest and heaviest Ding ever found in China.
It is 110 cm long, 79 cm wide, and its total height is 133 cm and it weighs 832.84 kg. What's more, the Ding is famous for its unique design.
The Ding has shown a high level in bronze
foundry industry in the Shang Dynasty.
If you have any more questions about the Ding,
please do not hesitate to ask me.
Yours,
Li Hua
高级范文
Dear Jack,
How excited to hear from you! I'm writing to
give you a short introduction to Houmuwu Ding.
Houmuwu Ding, whose name came from three
Chinese characters “hou mu wu” in its inside wall,
dates back to the Shang Dynasty and was excavated in Anyang City, Henan Province in 1939. Among all the Dings unearthed in China, it is beyond compare both in size and weight, measuring 110 cm in length, 79 cm in width, 133 cm in height and weighing 832.84 kg.
Besides, the Ding is distinguished because of its unique design.
The Ding is an invaluable source of reference
for the research of bronze foundry industry in the
Shang Dynasty.
If you have any more questions about the Ding,
please do not hesitate to ask me.
Yours,
Li Hua