中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
数词精练
定义:表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
构成
基数词:表示数目多少的数词
1、从1——10 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.
从 11——19 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen. 这里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
3、从 21——99 整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”
21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six
数字 基数词形式 例词
0-12 各自独立 zero 0; one 1; nine 9; twelve 12
13-19 3-9+重读teen结尾 特殊?thirteen 13; fifteen 15; eighteen 18
一般 加teen fourteen 14; sixteen 16
20-90 整十位数以ty结尾 twenty 20; thirty 30; forty 40; fifty 50; sixty 60;seventy 70; eighty 80; ninety 90
两位数几十几 整十位数-个位数 twenty-one 21; thirty-five 35; ninety-eight 98
三位数几百几 hundred and+两位数 seven hundred and eighty-five 785; two hundred and ten 210
多位数 从右向左数起?每隔三位数加一个逗号?依次为thousand(千)million(百万)?billion(十亿), 逗号中间三位数 76, 832, 154, 968 seventy-six billion eight hundred and thirty-two million one hundred and fifty-four thousand nine hundred and sixty-eight
序数词:表示顺序的词
1、从第一至第十九one— first, two— second, three— third, five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth.
2、从第二十至第九十九 整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth/
3、表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一fifty-sixth 第五十六seventy-third 第七十三ninety-ninth 第九十九
数字 序数词变化规则 例词
1、2、3 不规则变化 first第一; second第二;third第三
4-19 基数词词尾加th 特殊形式: fifth 第五;eighth 第八;ninth 第九;twelfth第十二 fourth第四;nineteen十九
20、30 ……90 ty变为tie再加th twenty→twentieth第二十ninety→ninetieth第九十
两位数或多位数 整数除外只变个位数 (hundred, thousand等只在词尾加th) twenty-third 第二十三 one hundred and fifty-ninth 第一百五十九 hundredth 第一百
4、口诀
基变序,有规律,末尾加上th,一二三,特殊记,八去t,九减e,f来把ve替,整十基变序,y变为ie,再加th,遇到几十几,几百几十几,只变个位就可以。
5、序数词的用法
(1)表达日期 例:September 14th
(2) 序数词前要用定冠词the 例:the first line
(3) 序数词前加a/an表示“再,又” 例:play a second time
(4) 基数词与序数词的同义表达 例:the seventh lesson = Lesson Seven
提示:
(1)序数词要加定冠词the,但若序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时省略the。例如?
Tom made the mistake for the third time. = It was Tom’s third time to make the mistake.
这是汤姆第三次出错。
序数词前加a/an表示“又一?再一”。例如?
Even though the Greens have 3 children, they still want a fourth one.
尽管格林夫妇已有3个孩子?可他们还想再要一个。
序数词可以用阿拉伯数字和序数词拼写的最后两个字母简写。
例如?1st第一?2nd第二?3rd第三?4th第四。
数词的应用
名称 表 达 法 例 词
年份 特别提示?年份的读法前两位数, 再读后两位数, 读日时要加the 可先读1997年3月21日 March the twenty-first, nineteen ninety-seven
日期 月日年 日用序数?年用基数 日月年 the+序数词+of+月?年 2007年3月21日 —the twenty-first of March, two thousand and seven
年代 in+the+数词的复数形式 在18世纪20年代—in the 1720’s/1720s 读作?in the seventeen twenties
时刻 时在前?分在后?按基数词读 10: 15 ten fifteen
分在前?时在后 “几点过几分”用past分钟数须小于半小时?包括半小时在内 7: 05 five past seven 7:15 fifteen past seven 7: 30 half past seven
“几点差几分”?用介词to,但分钟数须在半小时以内?不包括半小时在内 7: 57 three to eight 11: 46 fourteen to twelve 2: 40 twenty to three
几刻钟 一刻钟?a quarter 三刻钟?three quarters 九点一刻?a quarter past nine
编号 给东西编号时:序号在前用序数词 lesson twelve=the twelfth lesson
序号在后用基数词
分数 分子用基数词?分母用序数词 记忆口诀?分子基?分母序? 分子大于1?分母加s 特别提示:通常二分之一用 a/one half表示。四分之一用 a/one quarter表示,三分之一one third two thirds four fifths seven tenths
带分数 当分数前面带有整数时,要用连词and连接 two and two thirds
倍数 英语用twice表示两倍?两倍以上用基数词加times表示 twice两倍three times三倍forty times四十倍
数词精练
一、选择题
I’m ____this year . May 2nd is my ____birthday .
A.nine ; ninth B.nine; ninth
C.nine ; nine D.ninth ; ninth
2. Jim is only ________ and today is his ________ birthday.
A.fifth;five B.five;fifth C.five;five
3. The girl is _______, so we can say she’s an _______ baby.
A.8 years old, 8 year old B.8-year-old, 8-year-old
C.8 years old, 8-year-old
4. Grandpa Zhou has _______ sons, and his _______ son works in Beijing.
A.three, third B.three, three C.third, three
5. Please turn to Page ___ and take a look at the picture on it.
A.the eightieth B.eightieth C.eighty D.the eighty
6. —It's the ________ month of the year. Spell it please.
—F-E-B ... Sorry.
A.first B.one C.two D.second
Mr. Zhang has two sons and the __ one is our P.E. teacher.
A.two B.second C.twice D.one
8. Is September the__ month of the year – Yes, you’re right.
A.second B.fifth C.ninth
9. Last Saturday was Mary’s__ birthday .
A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelfth D.the twelve
10. --- How old is your uncle
--- __________. We had a surprise party for his ________ birthday last Saturday.
A.Fifty; fiftieth B.Fiftieth; fifty
C.Fifty; fifty D.Fiftieth; fiftieth
二、填空
1.Even a child knows September is the _______ (9) month of a year.
2.This is my ________ (6) birthday.
3. I’ve bought a present for my father’s _______ (forty)birthday.
4. Mr. Smith lives on the _______ (six) floor.
5. Climb up to the _______ (eleven) floor, and you can enjoy a better view.
答案?
答案
一、1-5ABCAC 6-10DBCBA 二、1.ninth 2. sixth 3. fortieth 4. sixth 5. eleventh
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