扬州市名校2021-2022学年高一下学期开学检测
英 语
2022.2
（试卷满分： 150分；考试时间：120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Lana want to be
A. A lawyer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter.
2. Where are the speakers going to eat lunch
A. At home. B. At a café. C. At a park.
3. What is the man’s suggestion for the woman
A. Following her mother’s advice.
B. Choosing a promising career.
C. Making decisions on her own.
4. How does Tom probably feel now
A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Confused.
5. What do the speakers say about baseball
A. It is their favorite sport.
B. It is the most boring sport.
C. It is more interesting than basketball.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. Where does the No. 60 bus go
A. The train station. B. The stadium. C. The museum.
7. Which bus will the man take
A. The No. 88 bus. B. The No. 60 bus. C. The No. 56 bus.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。
8. What caused the man’s problem
A. His worry. B. His wound. C. His overwork.
9. Who probably is the woman
A. A manager. B. A doctor. C. A teacher.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10. How will Lily go to London
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By plane.
11. How much is a student travel card for six months
A. 6. B. 16. C. 60.
12. What else are needed to get the card besides money
A. The ID card. B. A letter and photos. C. An application form.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Fellow students.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
14. What is Amy interested in
A. The high jump. B. Running. C. The long jump.
15. Who is the fastest runner in Amy’s class
A. Amy. B. Steven. C. Lily.
16. What do we know about Steven
A. He won’t take part in the sports meeting this year.
B. He won the first prize in the high jump.
C. He did best in the long jump last year.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. Where does the speaker usually have breakfast
A. In the garden. B. In the kitchen. C. In the dining room.
18. What is the speaker probably
A. A violinist. B. A cook. C. A waitress.
19. What does the speaker usually do at 6:30 pm
A. Meet friends. B. Have dinner. C. Go to work.
20. When does the speaker usually get home
A. At 10:30 pm. B. At 00:30 am. C. At 2:00 am.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题, 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
You can either travel or read, but either your body or your soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Here are four books that you can take on your trip.
1. On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a popular spiritual guidebook about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.
2. Life Is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." The book describes a young artist's romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams and has a relationship during his trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflects on your current life and to honor the Czech-born writer Kundera.
3. My Name Is Red, 1998, by Orhan Pamuk
The book, a masterpiece of the Nobel Prize winner for Literature Orhan Pamuk, has been translated into more than 50 languages and published around the world. It tells a story of a young man, who was away from home for 12 years, coming back to his hometown in Istanbul. What embraces him is not only love, but a series of murder cases as well.
4. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry, 2013, by Rachel Joyce
The novel tells a story of a 60-year-old man who lived a boring and unhappy life, until one day, he received his old friend's letter who got cancer. In deep shock and sorrow, he went out to send his reply letter. 627 miles in 87 days, he walked depending on one belief that “his friend can survive as long as he walks”.
21. Whose book can make you rethink your own life
A. Jack Kerouac. B. Milan Kundera. C. Orhan Pamuk. D. Rachel Joyce.
22. Which of the following books was sold globally
A. On the Road. B. Life Is Elsewhere.
C. My Name Is Red. D. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry.
23. Why did the old man walk 627 miles to send a letter
A. He walked to keep healthy. B. He was in deep shock and sorrow.
C. He expected his friend to live longer. D. He lived a very boring and unhappy life.
B
The morning after an evening struggle to care for my three-year-old daughter, I couldn’t wait to set her to school. I, as a mother, was tired from the anger and her inability to communicate because of her slowed language development.
As I accompanied her into the car, I felt desperate. Nothing was right with our world. She’d been born around the same time when the nation was witnessing the birth of another Great Recession. My job and my house had been victims(牺牲品). Then this happened. My child’s language delay(语言发育迟缓)was identified, but doctors struggled to properly help her. I felt like we both needed to be rescued.
I returned that afternoon as disenchanted with my little girl as when I left. Walking slowly toward the school’s playground gate, I found her preschool teacher racing to greet me. “You should have seen her today!” His breathy words were supported by excitement. I didn’t interrupt. “See that climber.” He pointed to a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked like a rock wall. I nodded. “Well, every day since she started school, she’s tried and failed to make it to the top.” He took a breath. “And today she did it!”
He expressed his joy just as he’d witnessed her conquering Mount Everest! “She cheered and celebrated! I wish I’d recorded it!” His words comforted me. My daughter had conquered her mountain.
As she ran toward me. I recognized something I hadn’t before. I saw her perseverance(毅力). I saw her strength. I saw a Hero.
Everyday greatness celebrates ordinary people who do unusual things in big and small ways, showing courage, kindness, love and selflessness. We encourage you to click these brief accounts and invite you to share your own story.
24. Why couldn’t the author wait to rush her daughter to school
A. She was tired out when dealing with her daughter.
B. She had a fight with her daughter last night.
C. She was busy with her work as a doctor.
D. She had to sell their house due to Great Recession.
25. What can we know about the author from paragraph 2
A. She was hopeless. B. She pretended to be happy.
C. She looked frightened. D. She felt comfortable.
26. Why did the little girl’s preschool teacher feel excited
A. She succeeded in standing on Mount Everest.
B. She began to communicate with others normally.
C. She got the first place in the school sports meet.
D. She managed to climb up the wooden equipment.
27. From which is the text most probably taken
A. The radio. B. The Internet. C. A newspaper. D. A magazine.
C
For many people, catching a smell of freshly cut grass is a pleasant sign that warmer weather is here to stay. For the grass, however, this scent signals an entirely different story.
The smell we associate with freshly cut grass is actually a chemical SOS, one used by plants to beg nearby creatures to save them from attack. After all, when danger strikes —whether it's gardening equipment or a hungry caterpillar — plants can't lift their roots and run. They must fight where they stand. To protect themselves, plants employ a string of molecular (分子) responses. These chemical communications can be used to poison an enemy, warn surrounding plants of dangers or attract helpful insects to perform needed services.
Clearly, plants can communicate. But does that mean they can feel pain According to some researchers, plants release gases that are the equivalent of crying out in pain. Using a laser-powered microphone, researchers have picked up sound waves produced by plants releasing gases when cut or injured. Although not audible to the human ear, the secret voices of plants have revealed that cucumbers scream when they are sick, and flowers cry when their leaves are cut.
There's also evidence that plants can hear themselves being eaten. Researches show that plants understand and respond to chewing sounds made by caterpillars dining on them. As soon as the plants hear the noises, they respond with several defense mechanisms.
For some researchers, evidence of these complex communication systems — giving out noises via gas when in pain — signals that plants feel pain. Others argue that there cannot be pain without a brain to register the feeling. Still more scientists infer that plants can exhibit intelligent behavior without possessing a brain or conscious awareness.
As they grow, plants can change their paths to avoid obstacles or reach for support with their tendrils (卷须). This activity comes from a complex biological network distributed through the plants' roots, leaves and stems. This network helps plants reproduce, grow and survive.
28. What does the smell of freshly cut grass signal
A. Warmer weather. B. Being poisonous.
C. Cry for help. D. The need of services.
29. How do plants convey their pain
A. By giving out gases. B. By changing the color of their leaves.
C. By producing audible sound waves. D. By sharing it through the root systems.
30. What makes plants' intelligent behavior possible
A. Their tendrils. B. Their biological network.
C. Their communication systems. D. Their conscious awareness.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. Do plants feel pain B. How plants protect themselves
C. Do plants communicate D. How plants grow and reproduce
D
Almost everyone gossips(说闲话). And a new study finds that people spend about 52 minutes per day, on average, talking to someone about others who are not present.
But here’s the surprise: Despite the assumption that most gossip is trash talk, the study finds the majority of gossip is nonjudgmental chat.
“People love to talk about others,” says Jeremy Cone, a psychologist at Williams College. “Think about your own conversations with a family member or friend: You talk about everyday things that keep you connected. You share your daughter got her driver’s license or your uncle has a kidney stone. Much of it is just documenting facts.”
Of course, the study also finds that some gossip is negative or mean-spirited. About 15% of the gossip included some type of negative judgement.
But even negative gossip can serve a purpose, as more research has found.
“I think gossiping can be a smart thing to do,” says Elena Martinescu who has studied gossip in the workplace. “It allows people to keep track of what’s going on and form social connection with other people.”
Research has shown that gossip can help build group cohesion (凝聚力) and cooperation. “When you gossip, you can keep track of who is contributing to the group and who's being selfish,” Martinescu explains. “And by sharing this information, you can exclude those group members who are social loafers (游手好闲的人).”
“We also found negative gossip makes people likely to repair the aspects of their behavior that they were criticized for,” Martinescu says.
So, say, for instance, you were criticized for always arriving at work late. Hearing that gossip about yourself may motivate you to want to be on time.
Of course, this isn’t a license to be loose lips or to repeat baseless claims that can damage someone’s reputation unfairly. But confiding (吐露个人隐私) in your friends and colleagues and sharing impressions about another person—even when they’re negative—may be helpful.
32. Why do people often gossip according to Jeremy Cone
A. Because gossip can satisfy their curiosity.
B. Because they can share social information.
C. Because they want to correct others’ mistakes.
D. Because spreading negative facts is unavoidable.
33. In Elena Martinescu’s opinion, what can people benefit from gossip
A. People can be improved in an all-round way
B. People can get rid of immoral behavior rapidly.
C. People can be kept informed of others' privacy.
D. People can change their behavior for the better.
34. Which of the following statements is right according to the text
A. It is plain to see that people gossip all the time.
B. Based on the study, the majority of gossip is trash talk.
C. It’s advisable that we turn a deaf ear to negative gossip.
D. It’s likely that gossip helps us know more about one's quality.
35. What conclusion can we draw about gossip
A. Gossip is the last thing people could do. B. Gossip should be advocated by the society.
C. Gossip may not be as harmful as it sounds. D. Gossip is the best way to build social bonds.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people believe that a career change at 50 is impossible because no one wants to invest in someone so old. ____36____ The key is that you should try your best to grasp the opportunity.
What is the secret ____37____ For 15 years, I had the same job. I enjoyed the work itself, but grew tired of management of the company. The inflexibility of the work affected my work-life balance. With my 52nd birthday approaching, I realized I would have to make a career change.
Two months later, my wife spotted an occupation online. So, I applied. ____38____ However, I was surprised to get an online interview. The interview went well, and they told me I’d hear from them the next week if I passed it. So when three weeks passed with no word, you can imagine how frustrated I felt. I carried on looking for other chances, but one afternoon the company’s HR phoned me for a second interview! ____39____ Then my wife suggested that I show my true self in the interview. I got her point. I answered their questions as best as I could, and eventually I got the job!
It’s proved that companies do invest in people over 50. I’ve realized career changes are more common than I first thought. ____40____ With the right attitude, you can achieve almost anything and get what you want if you have a try.
A. It is the right attitude that works.
B. I was happy, and I got well prepared.
C. However, I’ve got a career change easily.
D. I was shocked, and I began to feel anxious.
E. However, I’ve achieved a career change unexpectedly.
F. Lacking experience in that particular role, I was pessimistic.
G. I hope that anyone attempting a career change can try something bravely!
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mary was always dreaming of graduating from college in cap and gown,___41___ her diploma and ready to start a career. Since Mary came from a low-income family, her dream seemed out of ___42___ . There would never be enough money to send Mary to college.___43___ , no member of her family had ever gone to college. But Mary ___44___ that thought. In secondary school she studied hard, and spoke freely of her dream to teachers and friends. When her ___45___day at school came, her principal called her into his office.
“I have a(n) ___46___ for you,” he said.
It contained a scholarship to a nearby college. The power of a thought had ___47___ its first bonus. But the scholarship could ___48___ only part of her college ___49___. Mary looked for every part-time job she could find.
Mary’s dream came true when she graduated from college. Then she took a course in insurance. When she ____50____ herself to a local insurance company for a job, she was ____51____. She applied again, but in vain. She kept going back ____52____ the manager accepted her.
Twenty-five years later Mary Crowe’s associates in that company ____53____ at a special dinner in her honor, recognizing her for her outstanding achievements as an insurance saleswoman.
“Each of us is constantly in a state of becoming,” she said, giving her formula for success. “____54____ enthusiasm and faith you can become what you think. Not that your life will be without problems, but along the way problems will be ____55____ . Ask and believe; dream and believe; work and believe.”
41．A．embracing B．rejecting C．occupying D．eliminating
42．A．control B．question C．sight D．curiosity
43．A．Nevertheless B．Regardless C．Ultimately D．Additionally
44．A．held on to B．came across C．made up for D．came up with
45．A．first B．formal C．final D．unique
46．A．gown B．envelope C．souvenir D．book
47．A．concluded B．seized C．consumed D．generated
48．A．donate B．cover C．relieve D．ensure
49．A．expenses B．secrets C．incomes D．ambitions
50．A．dedicated B．related C．accustomed D．presented
51．A．turned out B．put aside C．turned down D．taken in
52．A．unless B．though C．until D．if
53．A．gathered B．declared C．resigned D．parted
54．A．Without B．Despite C．Upon D．Through
55．A．strengthened B．overcome C．omitted D．collected
第二节 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据句意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出合适的词语补全句子。
56. I remembered meeting him before, but his name _____ me.
A. slipped B. escaped C. forgot D. hit
57. The man is bad-tempered and tends to _____ at any moment over the least thing.
A. explore B. expose C. expand D. explode
58. Mary didn’t know who could _____ the care of her elderly parents while she was abroad for further study.
A. assess B. assist C. assume D. access
59. Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must _____ your plan with perseverance.
A. stick to B. rise to C. respond to D. relate to
60. Talks between managers and workers ______ over the issue of holiday pay.
A. broke away B. broke down C. broke out D. broke through
61. He was told he had no talent and would never ______ as a professional dancer.
A. make out B. make up C. make for D. make it
62. We must make the most _____ use of the available financial resources.
A. emergent B. extreme C. essential D. efficient
63. When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family.
A. fell B. featured C. failed D. figured
64. He _____ his room with pictures of all his favourite sports figures.
A. deserted B. decorated C. designed D. developed
65. It is _____ of Jim to lock away his toys and never share them with his little brother.
A. mean B. ignorant C. tricky D. shortsighted
66. Every generation has the duty to _____ heritage of knowledge from the past.
A. let down B. pass down C. fall down D. cut down
67. Many children become _____ to some inanimate object, such as a soft blanket or lovely toy.
A. adapted B. absorbed C. attached D. applied
68. As the great day ____, she grew more and more nervous.
A. alarmed B. admitted C. approached D. appealed
69. The taxi _____ and the driver jumped out.
A. pulled up B. pulled away C. pulled through D. pulled out
70. He loves _____ the flowers and evergreens that he has planted in the garden.
A. treating B. tearing C. transforming D. tending
第三节 语篇填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选择合适的词块补全语篇，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots (吉祥物) of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Beijing.
Beijing Mayor Chen Jining said they show Chinese people’s longing for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics in a visually attractive way and 71 to friends throughout the world.
The panda, named Bing Dwen Dwen, is the Olympic mascot. “Bing, the Chinese word for “ice”, shows purity and strength, while Dwen Dwen means sincerity, liveliness, and health”, the website said. The choice of the iconic animal, considered the national treasure, is not a surprise to people in China. While many applaud Bing Dwen Dwen for its cuteness on social media, some 72 the lack of creativity in choosing a panda. The giant panda was one of the five mascots of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, and it was also the symbol for the Asian Games in Beijing in 1990.
“Today is an important step on a milestone in Beijing’s journey to 73 as the first ever, in Olympic history, to host both summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games,” International Olympic Committee (IOC)president Thomas Bach said at the ceremony.
74 a traditional red lantern, Paralympic mascot Shuey Rhon Rhon creates a cheerful atmosphere of the Chinese Lunar New Year, which will fall around the time of the Winter Games, the organizing committee said. “Shuey” means snow in Chinese and “Rhon Rhon” means “inclusiveness” and “harmonization”, implying that the world civilizations communicate with each other and 75 , the committee said.
第四节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you ready for __76__ (expensive)film ever made to premiere(首映)in Chinese theaters It costs much more than its budget. On Sept 30，2021, The Battle at Lake Changjin __77__(release).
The film features a star-studded cast __78__ (lead)by three Chinese directors，Chen Kaige, Hark tsui and Dante Lam, and actors including Wu Jing, Duan Yihong and Yiyang Qianxi.
It is reported that the original script features over 130,000 words, making __79__ the longest script in Chinese film history. The film depicts(描绘) __80__ the Chinese People’s Volunteer(CPV)soldiers fought __81__ (brave)in extreme conditions in a key campaign around Changjin Lake in the Korean Peninsula from Nov 27 to Dec 24，1950, __82__ was considered a turning point of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea(1950-53).
The production team encountered problems while __83__ (film), such as sandstorms，hail and the most unexpected factor：the outbreak of COVID-19. The film was scheduled __84__ (shoot)in 2020 but was delayed to early February 2021.
__85__ impressed Chen most was the great spirit of the CPV soldiers. For “the hundreds of thousands of Chinese soldiers who died in the War”，said Chen，“It is a tribute(致敬)to them.”
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
“双减”，即有效减轻义务教育阶段学生过重作业负担和校外培训负担。自从国家正式出台相关文件后引来了各方的关注和讨论。一时间，学生和家长对即将到来轻松的学业反而无所适从。请你根据下面提示，就实施“双减”政策后学生如何规划自己的学习和课余生活写一篇短文。
要求：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
It's really a wonderful news that the policy of double-lightening the burden has been carried out. However, students have to deal with the new challenge of making the best of their time after school.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2高一下开学考答案
一、听力 （满分 30 分；每题 1.5 分）
1-5 ACCAB 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 BBABC 16-20 CAACB
二、阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (37.5’ 每小题2.5分)
21-23 BCC 24-27 AADB 28-31 CABA 32-35 BDDC
第二节 七选五 （12.5’ 每小题2.5分） 36-40 EAFDG
三、语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空 （15’ 每小题1分）
41~45 ACDAC 46~50 BDBAD 51~55 CCADB
第二节 单项选择 (15’ 每小题1分)
56-60 BDCAB 61-65 DDCBA 66-70 BCCAD
第三节 语篇填空 (10’ 每小题2分) 71~75 GDAFC
第四节 语法填空 (15’ 每小题1.5分)
76．the most expensive 77．was released 78．led 79．it 80．how
81．bravely 82．which 83．filming 84．to be shot 85．What
四、写作（满分15分）
It's really a wonderful news that the policy of double-lightening the burden has been carried out. However, students have to deal with the new challenge of making the best of their time after school.
First of all, make various plans and complete the contents based on the plan alone. For example, read a variety of books, and constantly expand your reading in order to make up for the lack of reading. Besides, develop your new interest in some subjects which are unfamiliar to you. Some new areas will broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge. Last but not least, participate in various sports activities and promote physical and mental health through physical exercise. I think if you want to study better, you should have a good body first.
In a word , the policy of double-lightening the burden can help us plan our life better.
