(共58张PPT)
短文改错导与练
Error Correction
Warming up
The story remind me of a similar experience of my friend. He was once serious ill and went to see the doctor. The doctor gave him some pills, told him to take them three times a day. However, he failed to follow the doctor’s advices and took it 6 times a day. To his greatly surprise, he became worse. Just like the old saying goes, “more haste, less speed”. No matter how we do, we should obey the law of the nature. It is the same with our studies. Only by learning step by step we achieve something.
(10月集团联考)
The story remind me of a similar experience of my friend. He was once serious ill and went to see the doctor. The doctor gave him some pills, told him to take them three times a day. However, he failed to follow the doctor’s advices and took it 6 times a day. To his greatly surprise, he became worse. Just like the old saying goes, “more haste, less speed”. No matter how we do, we should obey the law of the nature. It is the same with our studies. Only by learning step by step we achieve something.
_____
reminds
_____
seriously
___
telling
______
advice
_
them
_____
great
___
as
___
what
﹨
^
can
最近三年全国三卷(甲卷)对比
2019年 记叙文 人与自我 个人梦想
2020年 记叙文 人与自我 生活方式
2021年 说明文 人与自我 向谁求助
近三年对比
2019 2020 2021
名词单复数 1 1 1
代词 1 1 2
时态 1 1 1
非谓语动词 3 1 1
主谓一致 0 1 1
形容词 1 1 0
副词 0 0 2
介词 1 0 1
连词 0 1 1
关系代词/副词 1 1 0
考查部分
动词
从属连词
定语从句
Learning Objectives
Learn about some traits(特点) of error correction in examinations.
Learn about some rules about it.
Practice and conclude the mistakes that are often present in it.
短文改错“二规范”
一、答题格式规范
二、卷面书写规范
书面表达能力
语言知识
语法知识
观察能力
判断能力
小运气
短文改错考查能力
多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、语义重复、错误或行文逻辑等方面。
少词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to、连词、语义不完整等方面。
错词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、名词的单复数、动词时态或语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致关系、词类。
多词现象 主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、语义重复、错误或行文逻辑等方面。
1). If you want to take part in, please come to our office and sign up.
2). In the fact, there are four tickets on the seat.
少词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to、连词、语义不完整等方面。
1). We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat.
2). Now, I fully understand how hard is to earn money.
to
︿
︿
it
错词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、名词的单复数、动词时态或语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致关系、词类。
I’d like to stay here for half a month, visiting place of interest or practicing my English.
2). I have had many wonderful experience.
places
___
experiences
_______
短文改错“五原则”
1、每句改动不能超过两处原则,总共10处错误。
2、虚词(function words)添加或删除原则
这些需要增、删的词一般都是虚词(如冠词、介词、关系词等);一般不增、删的实词(如动词、名词等),否则会改变句子的原意。
I want my café to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty” (2019Ⅲ)
Then I can spare time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. (2020全国Ⅱ)
so
3、实词(notional words)改变词形原则
在短文改错题中,对实词的处理一般只是改变它的形式,而不能改变其词义或改换成另一个实词,除
了一些反义词互换以外,更不能随便加或删除实词。
a. I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
b.Wherever people live and whatever they look like, their demands are same
若把wonderfully改为good
×
wonderful
^
the
same
similar
×
c. I am more than glad that you will go to
China.
d. Last winter when I went here again, they
had a big separate house to raise dozens of
chickens. (2018全国Ⅰ)
注:
take/bring, go/come, here/ there 可以互改
__
come
there
___
4、句子原意不变原则
该原则即不能改变文章或作者所表达的意思,包括其语气和上下文的逻辑关系。
eg. He hopes he could contribute more to cultural relics protection.(9月周考)
He wishes he could contribute more to cultural relic protection.
____
can
real wish
unrealistic wish
subjunctive mood
×
5、错误分配相对均衡原则。
虽然不一定每个句子都有错,但整篇短文的错误布局相对均衡。
名词
代词
连词+引导词
介词
动词
冠词
形容词
副词
短文改错
数词
Practice
Conclusion
I wish to have a chain of cafes in
many different city. (2019Ⅲ)
b. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl
and beat them quickly with chopstick.
(2020Ⅰ)
c. The Mid-Autumn Festival is traditional
festival in China, which falls on August
15th of Chinese lunar year.(9月周考)
___
cities
_________
chopsticks
︿
a
d . He collected some informations
about computers.
e . My mom is really concerned with
the health of everyone in our families.
(2020Ⅲ)
____________
information
________
family
1、名词 (单复数)
(1). 名词单、复数形式误用
(2).注意可数名词前冠词(a, an, the)正确用法
绝对不可数名词
(3).注意可数名词与不可数名词
advice, fun, furniture
information, news
progress , weather
Un. Cn.
work 工作 作品/著作
paper 纸张 论文/卷了/报纸
room 空间/余地 房间
space 空间/太空 空地
coffee 咖啡 一杯咖啡
success 成功 成功的人/事
failure 失败 失败的人/事
danger 危险 危险的人/事
threat 威胁 造成威胁的人/事
……
How to correct them
My mom is really concerning with the
health of everyone in our family. (2020Ⅲ)
My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t
enjoy apples.(2020Ⅲ)
c. Still I unwilling to play the games with them
sometimes.(2018Ⅱ)
d. I thought it must to be easy to cook.
(2020Ⅰ)
___________
concerned
______
doesn’t
was
^
e. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs.
(2020Ⅰ)
If I succeed in manage one, I will open
more. (2019Ⅲ)
Facing with many difficulties, he never
gave up. (8月月考)
h. For Cheng Yongmao, even after hundreds
of years, the materials, crafts and practices
are used in ancient buildings still need to
be followed. (9月周考)
———
fried
______
managing
_____
Faced
need
(1).句子中不能缺少谓语
(3).语态 (主动语态和被动语态)
(2).时态 (上下文时态要一致)
(4).一致性(A.主谓一致 B.并列结构一致)
2.动词
(5).正确使用非谓语动词
(6).注意固定句型运用错误
a. What I want is not just an ordinarily café, but a very special one. (2019Ⅲ)
b. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, mom….(2020Ⅲ)
c. I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people. (2018Ⅲ)
________
ordinary
_____
sure
_____
large
e. …, I can not use it very good.
f. I got up extreme early because I
was terrible afraid of being late again
_____
well
_______
_______
extremely
terribly
3、形容词和副词
(1).分清形容词和副词用法
(2).正确使用比较级和最高级
(3). 形容词变副词的规律。
定语/表语/补语
作状语(动词/形容词/副词)
1)happy– happily busy—busily lazy—lazily
2)possible– possibly comfortable—comfortably
gentle—gently probable—probably
true—truly
3)dramatic—dramatically energetic—energetically
personal—personally intentional – intentionally
extreme—extremely immediate—immediately
I had done myself homework, but I
was shy. (2018Ⅲ)
b. In the café, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment. (2019Ⅲ)
c. The size of the bricks of the Great Wall is different from those of ordinary bricks.
(9月周考)
______
my
_________
themselves
____
that
d. …your life in your country is quite
different form me .
e. They were living in a small house
with dogs, ducks and another
animals. (2018Ⅰ)
___
mine
_______
other
4、 代词
(1)人称代词要一致 (性/数/格)
(2)指示代词 (this , that单数,those , these)
(3) 不定代词误用 (someone, something, anyone, anything等)
(4) it作形主、形宾或指代时有无缺漏 (make, find, think)
a. Cheng still insists climbing the Great Wall at least once a week to provide ….(9月周考)
b. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn Kung Fu in a school in my hometown. (2020Ⅱ)
c. I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed. (2018Ⅰ)
on
to
^
^
d. Our school held the exhibition on last Saturday. (集团联考)
e. Chinese population will also improve under the help of the reforms. (集团联考)
____
with
5、介 词
(1). 时间状语前有指示代词this, that或one,
next, last等修饰时不用介词. (Eg. I’ll
see you next Friday.)
(2). to 是介词还是副词?
(3). 多积累一些固定搭配。
设题主要形式:添加或删除
How to correct them
a. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked…(2018Ⅲ)
b. During my last winter holiday, I went to
countryside with my father…(2018Ⅰ)
c. Each of my cafes will have a different
theme and an unique style. (2019Ⅲ)
d. Every morning, my dad has to have the
bowl of egg soup…(2020Ⅲ)
__
a
^
the
__
a
__
a
6、 冠词 (a, an ,the)
(1)单数可数名词前须加a/an (泛指)或the(特指)
(2)注意用或不用冠词特殊情况
a. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. (2020Ⅰ)
b. Actually, I started to learn Kung Fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. (2020Ⅱ)
c. In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.(2020Ⅲ)
and
___
but/yet
___
d. Although I am fond of playing basketball, but I have to devote myself to studies this year.
7、连词+行文逻辑
(1) 注意连词and/ but, and/ or, but/ however间错用
(2) 注意从属连词如because与so, though /although与but, if与and / or 等 不能同时使用.
Thank you for your letter, what really made
me happy. (2020Ⅱ)
b. I eat all the food what is provided by Mom
with appreciation. (2020Ⅲ)
c. In the café, customs will enjoy themselves
in the historical environment what is
created for them. (2019Ⅲ)
d. I was afraid that to speak in front of a large
group of people. (2018Ⅲ)
___
which
___
that
___
which/that
e. They also had a small pond which they
raised fish. (2018Ⅰ)
f. The games my parents taught me where I
was a child turned out to be very useful
later in my life. (2018Ⅲ)
g. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
(2020Ⅰ)
____
where
____
when
_____
until
8、引导词
(1) 注意what 不能用于定语从句中。
(2) 注意that 不能用于非限制性定语从句中。
(3) 注意在定语从句中that 和which 。
(4) 注意whether 和if 在名词性从句中的区别。
(5) 注意不同的状语从句中用不同的引导词。
In the summer holiday following my
eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
(2017Ⅰ)
b. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted
to be a teacher…. (2019Ⅱ)
c. In 1990s, he went to the south to seek his
fortune.
d. 58% of the work have been finished.
______
eighteenth
___
fifth
^
the
___
has
at the age of 6 = at six= when sb. was six years old
a six-year- old boy/girl
in one’s twenties/ 20s
in one’s fifties/ 50s
9、数词
(1) 序数词在不同情况下的使用。
(2) 注意百分数词和分数作主语时谓语动词的数。
(3) 注意年代的表达。
名词
代词
连词+引导词
介词
动词
冠词
形容词
副词
短文改错
数词
【解题指导】
解题步骤
1.浏览全文,掌握大意
2.上贯下联,逐句找错
3.由易到难, 各个击破
4.检查核对,注意时间
四不改
单词拼写不能改
字母大小写不改
词句顺序不能改
标点符号不能改
短文改错口诀
动 词 形, 名 词 数,
还 要 注 意 形 和 副.
非 谓 语, 细 辨 别,
习 惯 用 法 要 记 住.
句 子 成 分 多 分 析,
逻 辑 错 误 须 关 注.
小秘密
发下答题卷就开看!
Challange yourself !
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they‘re of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.(2021年全国甲卷)
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly. (2021年全国甲卷)
——
is
︿
to
———
friends
____
few
___
their
___
talking
____
keep
_____
whenever
______
most
Homework:
1. Remember the skills of mistake correcting
2. Do the exercises in the correcting
material.
Thanks for your attention!
Good-bye!