Unit3 Could you please clean your room？Section B 2b Reading课文知识点串讲课件(共有PPT16张）

(共16张PPT)
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
Section B 2b Reading课文知识点串讲
Dear Sir,
I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. Kids these days already have enough stress from school.
They do not have time to study and do housework, too. Housework is a waste of their time. Could we just let them do their job as students
They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it now. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. I do not mind doing them.
Ms. Miller
亲爱的先生，
我不明白为什么一些父母在家里让他们的孩子帮忙做家务和杂务。当前的孩子们在学校的压力已经够大了。他们也没有时间学习和做家务劳动。家务劳动是浪费他们的时间。我们能仅仅让他们做学生的工作吗？
为了能取得一个好成绩，考上一个好大学，他们应该把时间花到功课上。当然当他们长大以后，他们也得做家务劳动，因此现在不需要他们做家务。为孩子们提供又干净又舒适的家庭环境是父母的工作。而且，我认为做家务并不困难。我不介意做家务。
米勒夫人
Reading
Dear Sir,
I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. It is not enough to just get good grades at school.
Children these days depend on their parents too much. They are always asking, "Could you get this for me " or "Could you help me with that " Doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. It also helps them to understand the idea of fairness.
Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. Our neighbors' son got into a good college but during his first year, he had no idea how to take care of himself. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
Mr. Smith
亲爱的先生，
我认为对孩子们来说，学习怎样做杂务和帮助父母做家务是很重要的。只在学校里取得一个好成绩是不够的。当前的孩子们太依赖他们的父母。他们总是在说：“你能给我买这个吗？”或“你能帮我做那个吗？”做杂务能够帮助发展孩子们的独立能力，教会他们照顾自己。也帮助他们懂得公平理念。
既然他们和父母住在一所房子里，他们应该知道每个人都应该做份内的工作来保持房间的干净与整洁。我们邻居的儿子考上了一所好大学，但是在第一年，他不知道怎样来照顾自己。因此，他经常生病，并且成绩也下来了。孩子们越早地学会独立，对他们的将来就越好。
史密斯先生
Reading
1
It is still a good idea to read the first sentence in each paragraph a little more carefully. 稍加细心地阅读每段的第一个句子也是一个不错的主意。 （教材第22页2b）
（1）本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语。当不定式短语较长时，通常用 it 做形式主语放在句首，将真正的主语放在句子后面。
It is very important for us to learn English well.
对我们来说，学好英语很重要。
（2）a little more carefully 表示“稍加细心地”。其中，a little 表示“更.......；稍微......“，在这里修饰比较级 more carefully 。
The room is a little larger than that one.
这个房间比那个稍大一点。
【拓展】 当强调比较的程度时，可在比较级前使用much, even, far,
a little, a bit, a lot 等，表示程度进一步加深。
The experiment was much easier than we had expected. 这个实验比
我们预想的要容易得多。
2
I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解为什么有些父母让孩子在家里帮忙做家务。 （教材第22页2b）
（1）本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。why 引导的宾语从句作动词understand的宾语。 宾语从句要用陈述语序。
No one knows why they were late for the meeting.
没有人知道他们为什么开会迟到了。
Can you tell me whom you are waiting for
你能告诉我你在等谁吗？
（2）make 在此处做使役动词，意为“使......；让......。 make后跟省略to的不懂事作宾语补足语，即 make sb. do sth. ”使某人做某事“。 但在被动语态中不
定式符号to则不能省略，即be made to do sth.
They made him work fourteen hours a day. = He was made to work fourteen hours a day. 他们让他一天工作14个小时。
3
Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。 （教材第22页2b）
waste 作名词，意为“浪费；垃圾”。常用短语： a waste of “浪费......“。
We should put waste in the dustbin. 我们应该把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。
That’s a waste of money. 那太浪费钱了。
【拓展】
waste 还可以用作动词，意为“浪费；滥用”。其后可接名词或代词做宾语。
常用搭配： waste time/money on sth. 或 waste time/money (in) doing sth. ”在做某事上浪费时间/金钱。
She wasted much money on clothes.
她浪费了很多钱买衣服。
Jack wastes a lot of time watching TV every day.
杰克每天浪费很多时间看电视。
4
The should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 为了取得好成绩并考入好大学，他们应该把时间花在学业上。（教材第22页2b）
in order to 表示“目的是；为了”，后跟动词原形，表示目的。 其否定结构为 in order not to。
People must eat in order to live. 为了生存，人们必须吃动词。
In order not to wake the children,they spoke in a low voice.
为了不弄醒孩子们，他们小声说话。
【拓展】
“in order + that从句”也可表示“目的是；为了”，从句中常用can ,may ,could, might 等情态动词。 可与“so that +从句”相互转换。
He works hard in order that he may succeed. = He works hard
so that he may succeed. 他为求成功而努力工作。
5
It is the parents’job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at hoe for their children. 在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。（教材第22页2b）
provide 及物动词，意为“提供；供应”，其后常接名词或代词做宾语。
常用结构：
provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. “为某人提供某物”。
The sun provides light and heat for us.
太阳给我们提供光和热。
The parents provide their children with food and clothes. =The parents provide food and clothes for their children.
父母供孩子吃穿。
And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 反正我觉得干点家务也不太难。 （教材第22页2b）
6
(1) anyway 副词，意为“不管怎样；无论如何；而且；加之”，多用于追加评论。 可位于句首、句中和句末，位于句首时，须用逗号和句号隔开。
It was an old bike anyway.
反正，这是一辆旧自行车。
Anyway, we must finish this work today.
无论如何，我们今天必须完成这项工作。
（2）doing chores 为动词-ing形式，在宾语从句中做主语。 单个动词-ing形式做主语时，谓语动词须用单数形式。
Taking walks after supper is good for our health.
晚饭后散步对我们的健康有好处。
7
Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子过度依赖他们的父母。（教材第22页2b）
depend动词，意为“依靠；信赖”。
常用短语：depend on ”依靠；信赖“，也可说 depend upon。 主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。
The old man depends on himself and lives alone. 这位老人依靠自己独立生活。
He was the sort of person you could depend on. 他是你可以信赖的那种人。
【拓展】
depend on 还可表示“视.......而定；决定于......;取决于......”，
此时通常以事物或it做主语。
It all depends on how you solve the problem. 这完全取决于
你怎样解决这个问题。
8
Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence... 做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性.....（教材第22页2b）
develop 动词，意为“发展；壮大；培养；（使）成长；开发”。其名词形式为development，意为“发展；开发”。
This made the industry develop very quickly. 这使得工业飞速发展。
Teenagers should develop good reading habits. 青少年应该培养良好的阅读习惯。
The builders are developing that part of the city. 建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。
【拓展】 develop 的形容词形式
develop developed 发达的 developed countries 发达国家
developing 发展中的 development countries 发展中国家
9
Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 既然他们和父母生活在一屋檐下，他们就应该知道，每个人都应该尽自己的一份力来保持房子的干净和整洁。（教材第22页2b）
since 连词，引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”，通常表示对方已知的事实或理由。
He didn’t come since he was busy. 他因为忙，所以没有来。
【拓展】
① since 做连词，还可表示“自......以来”，引导时间状语从句，常与完成时连用。 常用句型：It is +一段时间+since 从句（从句用一般过去时），表示“自从......已经多长时间了”。
It is ten years since we met last time. 自从我们上次见面已有10年了。
② since 做介词或副词，意为“自从；自.......以后;从......以来”，常
与完成时连用。
I haven’t seen him since 1982.
从1982年以来我再没见过他。
10
... he had no idea how to take care of himself. ......他不知道怎样照顾自己。 （教材第22页2b）
（1） have no idea 表示“不知道”，相当于 don’t know。
I have no idea how to persuade him to give up the idea. 我不知道该如何说服他放弃这个想法。
（2） take care of 表示“照料；照顾；处理”，后接名词、反身代词或代词的宾格形式做宾语，相当于look after.
Mother is ill. I have to take care of / look after her at home.
妈妈病了，我必须在家照顾她。
【拓展】
表示“好好照顾......”，应用 take good care of....或 look after ... well。
Don’t be worried. We can take good care of ourselves. =Don’t be worried. We can look after ourselves well.
别担心。 我们可以好好照顾自己。
11
As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他经常生病并且他的成绩下降了。 （教材第22页2b）
（1）fall ill 表示“生病”。此处fall 用作系动词，其过去式为fell。
Mother fell ill suddenly, so I had to look after her in the hospital. 妈妈突然患病，因此我必须在医院里照顾她。
【辨析】 fall ill 与 be ill
（2）drop 动词，意为“落下；掉下；使落下；降落”。
fall ill 生病，强调动作，与表示时间点的时间状语连用
be ill 生病，强调状态，与表示时间段的时间状语连用
drop 既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。侧重指由于地心引力或没握住而“落下；使落下”。
fall 只能做不及物动词，侧重由于重力作用“自然掉落”或失去平衡而“跌倒”。
12
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
（教材第22页2b）
（1）该句为“the +比较级..., the+比较级...”，句式结构，意为“越......,（就）越......”，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
The healthier food we eat, the stronger we will be.
我们吃的食物越健康，我们就会越强壮。
The more learned a man is,the more modest he usually is.
一个人越有学问，通常就越谦虚。
（2）independent 形容词，意为“独立的；自主的；有主见的”。
其名词形式为independence，意为“独立”。
He is a man of independent mind. As a child,he wanted to live a life of independence.
他是个有主见的人。 从小他就想过独立的生活。
Thank you~