外研版（2019）选择性必修三：Unit 4 A glimpse of the future 单元测试A卷基础练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修三：Unit 4 A glimpse of the future 单元测试A卷基础练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-02-25 17:17:06 | ||
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Unit 4 A glimpse of the future A卷 基础练习
2021-2022学年高二英语外研版(2019)选择性必修三单元测试AB卷
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
More than one million single-use straws (吸管), most of them plastic, are used in the United States each day. They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem.
Straw materials: advantages and disadvantages
1. Metal
Made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even titanium, metal straws have become popular. They draw some criticism for having a metallic taste and conducting heat from a hot drink, but they're strong and can be reused.
2. Paper
Paper drinking straws, which date from the late 1800s, often absorb liquid over time and can leave a taste or fibers in drinks. They're the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans.
3. Glass
Though glass straws may be more breakable and thus less portable than reusable straws of other materials, they hold up well to washing and reuse. Some straws are made to look artistic, with colors and blown-glass designs.
4. Bamboo
This natural material can be sustainably produced and is a plant-based replacement of plastic straws. Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer. They are reusable but can be hard to clean completely and may absorb flavors.
1. What is the major problem with plastic straws
A. Function. B. Flavor. C. Weight. D. Pollution.
2. Which of the following belongs to single-use straws
A. Metal straw. B. Paper straw. C. Glass straw. D. Bamboo straw.
3. what is the advantage of the bamboo straw
A. It can become fertilizer. B. It is easy to clean.
C. It is portable and bendable. D. It has different designs.
B
Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into his back and regrew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step on a long journey.
The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻子的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly regrows. "The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and put it into an area that doesn't repair itself," Professor Raisman said.
Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidyka's spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. "I think the moment of discovery for me was when I first saw a rat that couldn't control its hand put its hand out to me in 1997. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true."
Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt — it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realized.
David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.
"What you've got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks like a totally brighter place than it did yesterday," he said.
1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose
A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.
B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.
C.Cells in the nose reproduce rapidly.
D.He just wanted to give it a try.
2.Why did the operation work for Darek Fidyka
A.The nasal cells reproduced and spread quickly.
B.The nerves from his ankle cured the injury.
C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.
D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe the nervous system can be repaired
A.His study on animals. B.His operation on a paralysed patient.
C.His sudden thoughts about cells. D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.
4.What do David Nicholls' words suggest
A.The world is becoming better and brighter.
B.Paralysed people have the hope of recovery.
C.The report of the breakthrough will be published soon.
D.Researchers across the globe will carry out the operation immediately.
C
If you're the kind of person who loves travel but finds it difficult to break down language barriers, you may want to check out ICONSPEAK, a T-shirt covered in basic pictographs (图画文字) ranging from clocks to bathrooms. Simply point to the symbol associated with your need, and hopefully, the person you're talking to will understand you soon. I can tell you that it's better than having to make gestures to strangers.
ICONSPEAK is the brainchild of friends George and Florian. They were traveling through Asia in 2013 and found themselves in a remote village with no vehicle, no tourism, and just some locals. The problems they had while trying to express their needs to the locals inspired them to start working on a simple yet effective solution to the language gap. Two years later, they came up with the ICONSPEAK T-shirt. "In the furthest and deepest corners of our world we were repeatedly left with no words, either in breathtaking awe (赞叹) due to the scenery or in empty silence due to our lacking linguistic talents," its website states. "Such situations got us thinking about how to bridge (消除) language barriers with simplicity on a global level. The answer came to us after a remarkable experience in Vietnam: ICONs. Because with ICONs, you can SPEAK, and you can SPEAK to the world."
The ICONSPEAK collection consists of three types of T-shirts — long, short, sleeveless — as well as large bags and hats that feature fewer icons. The products are available internationally through the website, with the founders attesting that they can work anywhere in the world. "I have used it in Norway," said George. "It works beautifully — the people you ask are surprisingly quick in getting what you want or mean since they are anyway thinking in a certain context. If you point to the bus and the clock on the shirt and you do this at a bus stop, anybody will know that you want to know when the next bus leaves."
ICONSPEAK is a clear example that the answer to complex problems can be very simple. I have yet to try the shirt, but somehow I have no doubt that it actually works. It might not always help, but for common problems, like finding a telephone, the nearest hotel or an ATM, ICONSPEAK seems like a good solution.
1.What should people do when they turn to the ICONSPEAK T-shirt for help
A.Draw a picture on it. B.Scan the pictographs on it by phone.
C.Point to the symbols on it. D.Use the translation equipment built in it.
2.What's Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.How ICONSPEAK was born.
B.How ICONSPEAK was advertised.
C.What concepts ICONSPEAK conveys.
D.What contributed to ICONSPEAK's popularity.
3.What does the underlined word "attesting" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Suspecting. B.Proving. C.Remembering. D.Deciding.
4.What does the example of ICONSPEAK indicate
A.Successful people tend to be creative.
B.Cultural differences deserve to be valued.
C.Traveling is the source of inspiration.
D.We may find easy solutions to the headache.
D
The dangers of sitting all day are obvious. Researchers have shown that remaining sitting for extended periods of time (like at your 9-to-5 desk job) can do harm to your health. While exercise is a big part of reducing the harmful effects of sitting, it is unclear how many gym periods are needed to help-until now.
A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary (久坐的) job. Instead of a fixed number of hours spent exercising, the ratio (比率) depends on how much you sit: people who work a typical eight-hour day should spend at least one hour each day moving. If you sit six hours a day, you should spend half an hour exercising. The research also indicates that the exercise doesn't have to be all once—or rigorous (严格的).It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking.
The team behind the study analyzed data from a pool of a million adults over the age of 45 in Western Europe, the United States, and Australia. Using previous data, the researchers examined data from 16 published studies and used it to determine how much exercise is required to compensate for sitting. Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.
Fitting in an hour of exercise a day sounds especially discouraging if you have a desk job, but there are plenty of workouts you can complete before and after work. Even if it means taking a 10-minute walk during lunch, your body will thank you in the long run.
1. What do the underlined words "compensate for" probably mean
A. Make up for. B. Break away from. C. Give up. D. Take the place of.
2. According to the new study, good news for the people working long hours at desk is that _____.
A. workouts may reduce the harm of sitting for long
B. the harm of sitting for long has been proved
C. they don't have to exercise as long as suggested previously
D. the time spent on exercise is flexible
3. What can be inferred from the article
A. The best form of workouts is walking.
B. The longer you exercise, the better.
C. The new exercise goal is practical though higher.
D. A desk job makes it impossible to exercise regularly.
4. How does the second paragraph mainly develop
A. By example. B. By process. C. By comparison. D. By contrast.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five ways to improve creativity
Creativity is the ability to go beyond traditional rules, ideas or relationships and create something new through imagination or progressiveness. There are many ways to improve your creative mind.
Exercise the mind. Exercising your mind is an ideal way to improve creativity. Like the body, the mind needs exercise to work the creative "muscles" and make them stronger. Exercise your brain by learning new subjects, getting into an argument about politics and talking to other creative and intelligent people. ①_________
Be enthusiastic. One aspect of creativity is enthusiasm. ②_________ Find your internal motivation and follow your enthusiasm to improve your creativity.
Change your routine (常规). ③_________ To improve your creativity, consider changing one to two parts of your daily routine. If you are working on a certain project, consider stopping one project to work on another project at regular intervals throughout the day or week.
Read. While reading provides many intellectual benefits, reading is also beneficial for improving creativity, exercising your brain and providing creative inspiration. ④_________ Consider reading about subjects that were previously uninteresting to you. This change in the norm(常态) might arouse your creative interest.
⑤_________ Our packed schedules have no room for creative thinking. Take a certain amount of time every day to quiet, refresh and clear the mind while relaxing the body. This quiet time can consist of yoga or simply sitting still in a dark and quiet room, in a peaceful garden or on a beautiful beach.
A.Schedule quiet time.
B.Creativity is a natural quality.
C.It can become weak due to stresses.
D.These activities will encourage a flow of creativity.
E.Often, creativity is stopped due to a too familiar routine.
F.Read as much as possible about several different subjects.
G.Typically, students will do well in subjects they are interested in.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
Dear Wang Shi,
How is it going
Thank you for your interest in joining the school 1 team. As you know, our 2 has a great reputation, but we are always 3 new talent to sharpen the team for the future. It is not usual for a freshman to be selected, 4 it is wonderful to hear that you are finding strength in teamwork and that basketball is giving you a 5 in life. If you are 6 for the school team, the following is what our talent scouts are always looking for.
Firstly, you need to show us that you can 7 intensely, intently and effectively basketball. This means that you are always concentrating on the play, moving on the court, running for balls, and strong in both defense and attacking 8 . We need to see that you can take charge of the ball, control your opponents, take shots and 9 goals for our team. So, you will need to work on your skills in these areas. Trust me and this hard work will really 10 off when we are searching for new players.
Secondly, the tallest players are not always the ones that get 11 . We are looking for strength, speed and skills, but we also want people who have good 12 , who are humble and who can act as team players. No individual can win a basketball match; it's the team who gets to the rostrum, and our coaches are always emphasizing 13 both on and off the court. These are the 14 that make for an outstanding basketball player.
I hope these 15 can help you become a qualified basketball player and hope to see you when we start to recruit new members. Welcome to our school basketball team!
Yours sincerely,
Michael Jack
1.A. football B. basketball C. volleyball D. baseball
2.A. class B. school C. club D. team
3.A. investigating B. questioning C. seeking D. testing
4.A. but B. or C. for D.so
5.A. possibility B. lesson C. award D. goal
6.A. calling B. aiming C. answering D. acting
7.A. play B. buy C. make D. borrow
8.A. poses B. bounces C. moves D. shots
9.A. kick B. set C. keep D. score
10.A. take B. keep C. pay D. switch
11.A. chosen B. awarded C. promoted D. fired
12.A. talent B. characters C. shape D. intelligence
13.A. hardwork B. heroism C. individualism D. teamwork
14.A. rules B. qualities C. traditions D. conditions
15.A. tips B. warnings C. requirements D. announcements
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A humanoid named Sophia has made history ① _____ becoming the first robot in the world with citizenship. The journalist, Andrew Ross Sorkin, made the ②_____ (announce) at the end of an interview with Sophia.
"Sophia, we've just learned that you have been awarded ③_____ is going to be the first Saudi citizenship for a Robot," he said to applause from the audience.
Sophia responded, without missing a beat, "I want to thank very much the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia."
"I am very proud and honored ④_____ (award) citizenship and I simply appreciate being recognized as a robot with citizenship, which is historical," said the robot.
The pair discussed the future of artificial intelligence, ⑤_____ Sophia said it wanted to use to help humans live a better life.
Sorkin expressed concerns previously ⑥_____ (raise) by Elon Musk that artificial intelligence could be dangerous if it ⑦_____ (go) evil and turned on humanity. But Sophia insisted it wanted to use artificial intelligence only to "help humans live a better life".
Sophia tried to remove Sorkin's fears of ⑧_____ "bad future", insisting that AI is designed around human values like ⑨_____ (wise), kindness, compassion.
It accused him of "reading too much Elon Musk", and said, "Don't worry. If you're nice to me, I ⑩_____ (be) nice to you. Treat me as a smart input-output system."
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校昨天举办了关于汉代文化的活动。请你给你的加拿大笔友Tom写一封邮件告知他此事, 内容包括:
1.活动目的、时间和地点;
2.主要内容(汉代舞蹈表演及汉代服饰介绍);
3.你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Last Christmas my older sister Jane got a unicycle (独轮脚踏车) she had requested. I thought it kind of strange, wondering why she would want something like that. She did ride and practice for a while, but eventually stopped.
Curious, I tried it, finding it very hard and thinking it impossible for a weak girl like me to learn. Since our dining room of our old house had low beams (屋梁), I used them like monkey bars to practice riding, which helped a lot. Because I thought it was really fun, I practiced every spare moment I had, teaching myself to go forwards, backwards and to turn. Practicing was something I loved to do in my spare time, but it did get discouraging when I fell. After months of practicing, I finally made it.
One morning, our teacher Maria excitedly announced that a school talent show was to be held to raise money for charity. She encouraged my classmates to sign up for it. I'm not always the best in front of a crowd, which was why I was very nervous when I meant to put on my performance by doing a hula hoop (圈) and riding a unicycle on stage. But I overcame my fear and entered myself for the talent show, for which I practiced a lot in case I should mess up.
My routine (整套动作) was to do the hula hoop from my neck, down to my stomach, then to my knees. After that, I was to ride my unicycle forwards and backwards on stage. Lastly I would do the hula hoop while riding the unicycle. I was to do all this accompanied by my carefully selected music. I wondered what people from my seventh grade would think of my performance. With my friends inspiring me, I built up my confidence. On the night of the show, many people found out there was going to be a unicycle performance, so more came, even the headmaster.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
I was both nervous and excited when it was my turn. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I got home, I couldn't wait to check my mobile phone left at home. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 DBA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem." 可知, 它们最终进入水道, 危害海洋动物, 并分解成微小的塑料颗粒。许多地方已经对使用塑料吸管发布了禁令, 以此作为开始处理全球塑料垃圾问题的一种方式。因此塑料吸管产生的主要问题是它们会带来污染。
2.细节理解题。根据Paper部分中的"They're the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans." 可知, 在禁止使用塑料吸管的地方, 它们是最受欢迎的一次性吸管。即纸吸管属于一次性吸管, 题干中的single-use与文中的throwaway是同义表达。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer." 可知, 竹吸管很容易被处理成为肥料。因此竹制吸管的优势在于它可以变成肥料。
B.答案：1-4.ADDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"found that cells had the possibility to... the nervous system that constantly regrows"可知,Geoff Raisman教授发现鼻腔神经是神经系统中唯一能够不断再生的部分,故选A。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves"可知,鼻腔细胞促使脊髓神经自我修复,故选D。
3.考查细节理解。由第四段中的"when I first saw a rat... the nervous system could be repaired, was true"可知,Geoff Raisman教授看到一只不能使唤爪子的老鼠竟然把一只爪子伸向他,由此他开始相信神经系统是可以修复的,故选D。
4.考查推理判断。由最后一段中的"What you've got to understand is... brighter place than it did yesterday"可推知,David Nicholls认为对于世界上三百万瘫痪的病人来说,治愈这种病有一线希望,故选B。
C.答案：1-4.CABD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Simply point to the symbol associated with your need, and hopefully, the person you're talking to will understand you soon"可知,穿戴者只要指着T恤衫上表示自己需求的图标,就可以让对方明白自己要表达的意思。故选C项。
2.考查主旨大意。根据第二段的内容尤其是本段第一句话可知,本段主要介绍了 ICONSPEAK是怎样被设计出来的。故选A项。
3.考查词义猜测。根据下文George所说的话可知,他在挪威借助这个T恤衫解决了自己的交流问题,故可推知画线词所在部分的意思是创建者亲自证实了这种T恤衫能够在全世界范围内起作用。故选B项。
4.考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"ICONSPEAK is a clear example that the answer to complex problems can be very simple" 可知,通过T恤衫的例子我们可以知道,有时候复杂问题的解决办法可能很简单。故选D项。
D.答案：1-4 ADCA
解析：1.词义猜测题。研究人员研究了16项已发表的研究数据, 并利用它来确定需要多少运动来抵消久坐的危害。 compensate for意为“补偿,弥补”, 与make up for同义。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知对久坐的人来说, 运动要求并不严格, 可以在一天内完成。由此可见时间比较灵活。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 他们建议的每日锻炼目标比以前要高, 但也能实现。
4.推理判断题。第二段首句"A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary job." 和下面的具体数据是用例子来说明这项新研究的内容, 所以本段是用了举例的方法。
第二节
答案：DGEFA
解析：①空前的“通过学习新的科目,参与政治辩论,和其他有创造力、有智慧的人交谈来锻炼你的大脑”与D项“这些活动将激发源源不断的创造力”联系紧密。D项中的These activities就是指上文所提到的活动。故选D。
②分析本段结构可知,G项“学生们通常会在他们感兴趣的科目上表现出色”正是学生们要找到自己的内在动力的原因。故选G。
③根据本段主旨句“改变你的常规”和下文讲的为了激发创造力就要改变常规可知,空处应讲创造力常常会受到过于熟悉的常规的阻止。故选E。
④根据下文中的“考虑阅读以前对你来说无聊的话题”可知,空处应是讲尽可能多地阅读几个不同的话题。故选F。
⑤空处是本段主旨句。根据空后的“我们满满的日程表没有为创造性的思考留出时间”以及本段其他内容可知,本段主旨句应该是给自己安排一些安静的时间,这样才会提高创造力。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BDCAD 6-10 BACDC 11-15 ABDBA
解析：1. 考查名词。句意：感谢你对加入学校篮球队感兴趣。football"足球"；basketball"篮球"；volleyball"排球"；baseball"棒球"。根据下文"that basketball is giving you..."可知是加入篮球队。故选B。
2. 考查名词。句意：正如你知道的，我们的团队享有很高的声誉，但我们一直在寻找新的人才来加强我们的团队，以迎接未来。class"班级"；school"学校"；club"社团"；team"团队"。根据上文的team可知此处是指我们篮球队享有很高的声誉。故选D。
3.考查动词。句意同上。investigate"调查"；question"询问"；seek"寻找"；test"测试"。根据下文"new talent to sharpen the team for the future"可知是寻找新的人才来磨砺团队，迎接未来。故选C。
4. 考查连词。句意：新生被选中并不常见，但很高兴听到你在团队合作中找到了力量，篮球给了你人生中的一个目标。but"但是"；or"或者，否则"；for"因为"；so"因此"。根据语境可知为转折关系，故用but，选A。
5. 考查名词。句意同上。possibility"可能性"；lesson"课程"；award"奖"；goal"目标"。根据下文"in life"可知是指篮球给了人生中的一个目标。故选D。
6. 考查动词。句意：如果你的目标是校队，下述就是我们的人才发掘者一直在寻找的。call"打电话"；aim"以……为目标"；answer"回答"；act"行动"。根据下文"for the school team"可知是指申请人的目的是加入校队，aim for固定短语，"以……为目标"。故选B。
7. 考查动词。句意：首先，你需要向我们展示你可以激烈、专注和有效地打篮球。play"玩耍"；buy"购买"；make"制造"；borrow"借"。play basketball为固定短语，意为"打篮球"，故选A。
8.考查名词。句意：这意味着你总是专注于比赛，在球场上移动，带球跑动，防守和进攻时移动地都很好。pose"姿势"；bounce"弹跳"；move"移动"；shot"射击"。打篮球时球员是随时在移动的，防守和进攻时的移动也必须都很好。故选C。
9.考查动词。句意：我们需要看到你能控球，控制对手，投篮，为我们的球队进球得分。kick"踢"；set"设置"；keep"保持"；score"得分"。根据上文"take shots"可知投篮的目的就是进球得分。故选D。
10. 考查动词。句意：相信我，当我们在寻找新球员的时候，这些努力确实将会得到回报。pay off"得到回报"。故选C。
11. 考查动词。句意：其次，最高的球员并不总是被选中的那些人。choose"选择"；award"授予"；promote"促进"；fire"点火"。根据下文可知，除了身体上的要求，优秀篮球运动员还有其他方面的要求，故此处是说身高最高的球员并不总是会被球队选中。故选A。
12. 考查名词。句意：我们在寻找力量、速度和技能，但我们也需要有良好的性格，谦虚，能发挥团队精神的人。talent"才能"；character"性格"；shape"形状"；intelligence"智力"。故选B。
13. 考查名词。句意：没有个人能赢得篮球比赛；是团队登上领奖台，并且我们的教练总是强调团队合作，无论是在场上还是场下。hardwork"勤奋"；heroism"英雄主义"；individualism"个人主义"；teamwork"团队合作"。故选D。
14. 考查名词。句意：这些品质造就了一名优秀的篮球运动员。rule"规则"；quality"品质"；tradition"传统"；conditions"条件"。根据倒数第二段的第二句可知优秀的运动员必须有良好的性格、谦虚和懂得团队合作，这些都是优秀篮球运动员的品质。故选B。
15. 考查名词。句意：我希望这些提示可以帮助你成为一个合格的篮球运动员，并希望在我们开始招募新成员时看到你。tip"提示，建议"；warning"警告"；requirement"要求"；announcement"公告"。根据上文分别说明了想要成为合格运动员的一些要求，可知作者是希望这些提示可以帮助王石成为一个合格的篮球运动员。故选A。
第二节
答案：①by ②announcement ③what ④to be awarded ⑤which ⑥raised ⑦went ⑧a ⑨wisdom ⑩will be
解析：①考查介词。句意：一个名叫索菲亚的仿真机器人创造了历史，成为全球首个被赋予公民身份的机器人。by doing sth.表示方式或途径，意为"通过做某事"。
②考查名词。由空前的the可知此处应用名词，作made的宾语，表示"公告"，用名词announcement。
③考查名词性从句。句意：索菲亚，我们刚刚得知你成为沙特的首个被授予公民身份的机器人。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，设空处在从句中表示"……东西"，故用what引导宾语从句。
④考查动词不定式。句意：我为获得公民身份而深感自豪与荣幸……。be+proud/ honored+to do sth.是固定用法。此处主语I与award之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态to be awarded。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：他与机器人谈论了人工智能的未来。索菲亚说，它想使用人工智能帮助人类生活得更好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指物，且在从句中作use的宾语，故用which引导定语从句。
⑥考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰concerns, concerns与raise为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
⑦考查虚拟语气。句意：……人工智能如果变得邪恶，突然攻击人类，它会是危险的。此句使用了虚拟语气。
⑧考查冠词。句意：索菲亚试图打消索尔金对一个"糟糕的未来"的担忧……。由语境可知此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
⑨考查名词。此处用名词wisdom与kindness，compassion形成并列结构，作like的宾语。
⑩考查动词的时态。句意：……不必担心，如果你对我好，我就会对你好。if引导的条件状语从句是一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Tom,
In order to protect traditional Chinese culture, an activity about the culture of the Han Dynasty was held in our school hall yesterday. Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to tell you about it.
The activity started with a wonderful dance performed by several girls wearing beautifully designed clothes. Later, a teacher introduced the characteristics of the clothes and the etiquette of the Han Dynasty. Students who had questions asked the teacher actively.
Through this activity, I have learnt more about the culture of the Han Dynasty. It's really meaningful.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：One possible version:
I was both nervous and excited when it was my turn. I had a deep breath and then rode my unicycle towards the stage. When I heard the music, I started to put the hula hoop in my neck. Carefully, I moved it down to my stomach. Everything seemed good. The audience applauded for me when the hula hoop was about to my knees. And then, an unlucky thing happened. I didn't ride backwards firmly so I tumbled. At that moment I felt my heart was broken. However, after a very short rest, I stood up with my red face. I tried again and finally, I made it. Seeing this, all the audience cheered and applauded happily.
When I got home, I couldn't wait to check my mobile phone left at home. My deskmate Mary sent the performance video to me and expressed that she was so proud of me. There were also many messages from my classmates and teachers, which encouraged me a lot. Not only could I challenge myself but also I helped my school raise money for charity in this performance.
2021-2022学年高二英语外研版(2019)选择性必修三单元测试AB卷
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
More than one million single-use straws (吸管), most of them plastic, are used in the United States each day. They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem.
Straw materials: advantages and disadvantages
1. Metal
Made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even titanium, metal straws have become popular. They draw some criticism for having a metallic taste and conducting heat from a hot drink, but they're strong and can be reused.
2. Paper
Paper drinking straws, which date from the late 1800s, often absorb liquid over time and can leave a taste or fibers in drinks. They're the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans.
3. Glass
Though glass straws may be more breakable and thus less portable than reusable straws of other materials, they hold up well to washing and reuse. Some straws are made to look artistic, with colors and blown-glass designs.
4. Bamboo
This natural material can be sustainably produced and is a plant-based replacement of plastic straws. Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer. They are reusable but can be hard to clean completely and may absorb flavors.
1. What is the major problem with plastic straws
A. Function. B. Flavor. C. Weight. D. Pollution.
2. Which of the following belongs to single-use straws
A. Metal straw. B. Paper straw. C. Glass straw. D. Bamboo straw.
3. what is the advantage of the bamboo straw
A. It can become fertilizer. B. It is easy to clean.
C. It is portable and bendable. D. It has different designs.
B
Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into his back and regrew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step on a long journey.
The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻子的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly regrows. "The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and put it into an area that doesn't repair itself," Professor Raisman said.
Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidyka's spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. "I think the moment of discovery for me was when I first saw a rat that couldn't control its hand put its hand out to me in 1997. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true."
Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt — it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realized.
David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.
"What you've got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks like a totally brighter place than it did yesterday," he said.
1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose
A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.
B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.
C.Cells in the nose reproduce rapidly.
D.He just wanted to give it a try.
2.Why did the operation work for Darek Fidyka
A.The nasal cells reproduced and spread quickly.
B.The nerves from his ankle cured the injury.
C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.
D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe the nervous system can be repaired
A.His study on animals. B.His operation on a paralysed patient.
C.His sudden thoughts about cells. D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.
4.What do David Nicholls' words suggest
A.The world is becoming better and brighter.
B.Paralysed people have the hope of recovery.
C.The report of the breakthrough will be published soon.
D.Researchers across the globe will carry out the operation immediately.
C
If you're the kind of person who loves travel but finds it difficult to break down language barriers, you may want to check out ICONSPEAK, a T-shirt covered in basic pictographs (图画文字) ranging from clocks to bathrooms. Simply point to the symbol associated with your need, and hopefully, the person you're talking to will understand you soon. I can tell you that it's better than having to make gestures to strangers.
ICONSPEAK is the brainchild of friends George and Florian. They were traveling through Asia in 2013 and found themselves in a remote village with no vehicle, no tourism, and just some locals. The problems they had while trying to express their needs to the locals inspired them to start working on a simple yet effective solution to the language gap. Two years later, they came up with the ICONSPEAK T-shirt. "In the furthest and deepest corners of our world we were repeatedly left with no words, either in breathtaking awe (赞叹) due to the scenery or in empty silence due to our lacking linguistic talents," its website states. "Such situations got us thinking about how to bridge (消除) language barriers with simplicity on a global level. The answer came to us after a remarkable experience in Vietnam: ICONs. Because with ICONs, you can SPEAK, and you can SPEAK to the world."
The ICONSPEAK collection consists of three types of T-shirts — long, short, sleeveless — as well as large bags and hats that feature fewer icons. The products are available internationally through the website, with the founders attesting that they can work anywhere in the world. "I have used it in Norway," said George. "It works beautifully — the people you ask are surprisingly quick in getting what you want or mean since they are anyway thinking in a certain context. If you point to the bus and the clock on the shirt and you do this at a bus stop, anybody will know that you want to know when the next bus leaves."
ICONSPEAK is a clear example that the answer to complex problems can be very simple. I have yet to try the shirt, but somehow I have no doubt that it actually works. It might not always help, but for common problems, like finding a telephone, the nearest hotel or an ATM, ICONSPEAK seems like a good solution.
1.What should people do when they turn to the ICONSPEAK T-shirt for help
A.Draw a picture on it. B.Scan the pictographs on it by phone.
C.Point to the symbols on it. D.Use the translation equipment built in it.
2.What's Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.How ICONSPEAK was born.
B.How ICONSPEAK was advertised.
C.What concepts ICONSPEAK conveys.
D.What contributed to ICONSPEAK's popularity.
3.What does the underlined word "attesting" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Suspecting. B.Proving. C.Remembering. D.Deciding.
4.What does the example of ICONSPEAK indicate
A.Successful people tend to be creative.
B.Cultural differences deserve to be valued.
C.Traveling is the source of inspiration.
D.We may find easy solutions to the headache.
D
The dangers of sitting all day are obvious. Researchers have shown that remaining sitting for extended periods of time (like at your 9-to-5 desk job) can do harm to your health. While exercise is a big part of reducing the harmful effects of sitting, it is unclear how many gym periods are needed to help-until now.
A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary (久坐的) job. Instead of a fixed number of hours spent exercising, the ratio (比率) depends on how much you sit: people who work a typical eight-hour day should spend at least one hour each day moving. If you sit six hours a day, you should spend half an hour exercising. The research also indicates that the exercise doesn't have to be all once—or rigorous (严格的).It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking.
The team behind the study analyzed data from a pool of a million adults over the age of 45 in Western Europe, the United States, and Australia. Using previous data, the researchers examined data from 16 published studies and used it to determine how much exercise is required to compensate for sitting. Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.
Fitting in an hour of exercise a day sounds especially discouraging if you have a desk job, but there are plenty of workouts you can complete before and after work. Even if it means taking a 10-minute walk during lunch, your body will thank you in the long run.
1. What do the underlined words "compensate for" probably mean
A. Make up for. B. Break away from. C. Give up. D. Take the place of.
2. According to the new study, good news for the people working long hours at desk is that _____.
A. workouts may reduce the harm of sitting for long
B. the harm of sitting for long has been proved
C. they don't have to exercise as long as suggested previously
D. the time spent on exercise is flexible
3. What can be inferred from the article
A. The best form of workouts is walking.
B. The longer you exercise, the better.
C. The new exercise goal is practical though higher.
D. A desk job makes it impossible to exercise regularly.
4. How does the second paragraph mainly develop
A. By example. B. By process. C. By comparison. D. By contrast.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five ways to improve creativity
Creativity is the ability to go beyond traditional rules, ideas or relationships and create something new through imagination or progressiveness. There are many ways to improve your creative mind.
Exercise the mind. Exercising your mind is an ideal way to improve creativity. Like the body, the mind needs exercise to work the creative "muscles" and make them stronger. Exercise your brain by learning new subjects, getting into an argument about politics and talking to other creative and intelligent people. ①_________
Be enthusiastic. One aspect of creativity is enthusiasm. ②_________ Find your internal motivation and follow your enthusiasm to improve your creativity.
Change your routine (常规). ③_________ To improve your creativity, consider changing one to two parts of your daily routine. If you are working on a certain project, consider stopping one project to work on another project at regular intervals throughout the day or week.
Read. While reading provides many intellectual benefits, reading is also beneficial for improving creativity, exercising your brain and providing creative inspiration. ④_________ Consider reading about subjects that were previously uninteresting to you. This change in the norm(常态) might arouse your creative interest.
⑤_________ Our packed schedules have no room for creative thinking. Take a certain amount of time every day to quiet, refresh and clear the mind while relaxing the body. This quiet time can consist of yoga or simply sitting still in a dark and quiet room, in a peaceful garden or on a beautiful beach.
A.Schedule quiet time.
B.Creativity is a natural quality.
C.It can become weak due to stresses.
D.These activities will encourage a flow of creativity.
E.Often, creativity is stopped due to a too familiar routine.
F.Read as much as possible about several different subjects.
G.Typically, students will do well in subjects they are interested in.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
Dear Wang Shi,
How is it going
Thank you for your interest in joining the school 1 team. As you know, our 2 has a great reputation, but we are always 3 new talent to sharpen the team for the future. It is not usual for a freshman to be selected, 4 it is wonderful to hear that you are finding strength in teamwork and that basketball is giving you a 5 in life. If you are 6 for the school team, the following is what our talent scouts are always looking for.
Firstly, you need to show us that you can 7 intensely, intently and effectively basketball. This means that you are always concentrating on the play, moving on the court, running for balls, and strong in both defense and attacking 8 . We need to see that you can take charge of the ball, control your opponents, take shots and 9 goals for our team. So, you will need to work on your skills in these areas. Trust me and this hard work will really 10 off when we are searching for new players.
Secondly, the tallest players are not always the ones that get 11 . We are looking for strength, speed and skills, but we also want people who have good 12 , who are humble and who can act as team players. No individual can win a basketball match; it's the team who gets to the rostrum, and our coaches are always emphasizing 13 both on and off the court. These are the 14 that make for an outstanding basketball player.
I hope these 15 can help you become a qualified basketball player and hope to see you when we start to recruit new members. Welcome to our school basketball team!
Yours sincerely,
Michael Jack
1.A. football B. basketball C. volleyball D. baseball
2.A. class B. school C. club D. team
3.A. investigating B. questioning C. seeking D. testing
4.A. but B. or C. for D.so
5.A. possibility B. lesson C. award D. goal
6.A. calling B. aiming C. answering D. acting
7.A. play B. buy C. make D. borrow
8.A. poses B. bounces C. moves D. shots
9.A. kick B. set C. keep D. score
10.A. take B. keep C. pay D. switch
11.A. chosen B. awarded C. promoted D. fired
12.A. talent B. characters C. shape D. intelligence
13.A. hardwork B. heroism C. individualism D. teamwork
14.A. rules B. qualities C. traditions D. conditions
15.A. tips B. warnings C. requirements D. announcements
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A humanoid named Sophia has made history ① _____ becoming the first robot in the world with citizenship. The journalist, Andrew Ross Sorkin, made the ②_____ (announce) at the end of an interview with Sophia.
"Sophia, we've just learned that you have been awarded ③_____ is going to be the first Saudi citizenship for a Robot," he said to applause from the audience.
Sophia responded, without missing a beat, "I want to thank very much the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia."
"I am very proud and honored ④_____ (award) citizenship and I simply appreciate being recognized as a robot with citizenship, which is historical," said the robot.
The pair discussed the future of artificial intelligence, ⑤_____ Sophia said it wanted to use to help humans live a better life.
Sorkin expressed concerns previously ⑥_____ (raise) by Elon Musk that artificial intelligence could be dangerous if it ⑦_____ (go) evil and turned on humanity. But Sophia insisted it wanted to use artificial intelligence only to "help humans live a better life".
Sophia tried to remove Sorkin's fears of ⑧_____ "bad future", insisting that AI is designed around human values like ⑨_____ (wise), kindness, compassion.
It accused him of "reading too much Elon Musk", and said, "Don't worry. If you're nice to me, I ⑩_____ (be) nice to you. Treat me as a smart input-output system."
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校昨天举办了关于汉代文化的活动。请你给你的加拿大笔友Tom写一封邮件告知他此事, 内容包括:
1.活动目的、时间和地点;
2.主要内容(汉代舞蹈表演及汉代服饰介绍);
3.你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Last Christmas my older sister Jane got a unicycle (独轮脚踏车) she had requested. I thought it kind of strange, wondering why she would want something like that. She did ride and practice for a while, but eventually stopped.
Curious, I tried it, finding it very hard and thinking it impossible for a weak girl like me to learn. Since our dining room of our old house had low beams (屋梁), I used them like monkey bars to practice riding, which helped a lot. Because I thought it was really fun, I practiced every spare moment I had, teaching myself to go forwards, backwards and to turn. Practicing was something I loved to do in my spare time, but it did get discouraging when I fell. After months of practicing, I finally made it.
One morning, our teacher Maria excitedly announced that a school talent show was to be held to raise money for charity. She encouraged my classmates to sign up for it. I'm not always the best in front of a crowd, which was why I was very nervous when I meant to put on my performance by doing a hula hoop (圈) and riding a unicycle on stage. But I overcame my fear and entered myself for the talent show, for which I practiced a lot in case I should mess up.
My routine (整套动作) was to do the hula hoop from my neck, down to my stomach, then to my knees. After that, I was to ride my unicycle forwards and backwards on stage. Lastly I would do the hula hoop while riding the unicycle. I was to do all this accompanied by my carefully selected music. I wondered what people from my seventh grade would think of my performance. With my friends inspiring me, I built up my confidence. On the night of the show, many people found out there was going to be a unicycle performance, so more came, even the headmaster.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
I was both nervous and excited when it was my turn. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I got home, I couldn't wait to check my mobile phone left at home. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 DBA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem." 可知, 它们最终进入水道, 危害海洋动物, 并分解成微小的塑料颗粒。许多地方已经对使用塑料吸管发布了禁令, 以此作为开始处理全球塑料垃圾问题的一种方式。因此塑料吸管产生的主要问题是它们会带来污染。
2.细节理解题。根据Paper部分中的"They're the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans." 可知, 在禁止使用塑料吸管的地方, 它们是最受欢迎的一次性吸管。即纸吸管属于一次性吸管, 题干中的single-use与文中的throwaway是同义表达。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer." 可知, 竹吸管很容易被处理成为肥料。因此竹制吸管的优势在于它可以变成肥料。
B.答案：1-4.ADDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"found that cells had the possibility to... the nervous system that constantly regrows"可知,Geoff Raisman教授发现鼻腔神经是神经系统中唯一能够不断再生的部分,故选A。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves"可知,鼻腔细胞促使脊髓神经自我修复,故选D。
3.考查细节理解。由第四段中的"when I first saw a rat... the nervous system could be repaired, was true"可知,Geoff Raisman教授看到一只不能使唤爪子的老鼠竟然把一只爪子伸向他,由此他开始相信神经系统是可以修复的,故选D。
4.考查推理判断。由最后一段中的"What you've got to understand is... brighter place than it did yesterday"可推知,David Nicholls认为对于世界上三百万瘫痪的病人来说,治愈这种病有一线希望,故选B。
C.答案：1-4.CABD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Simply point to the symbol associated with your need, and hopefully, the person you're talking to will understand you soon"可知,穿戴者只要指着T恤衫上表示自己需求的图标,就可以让对方明白自己要表达的意思。故选C项。
2.考查主旨大意。根据第二段的内容尤其是本段第一句话可知,本段主要介绍了 ICONSPEAK是怎样被设计出来的。故选A项。
3.考查词义猜测。根据下文George所说的话可知,他在挪威借助这个T恤衫解决了自己的交流问题,故可推知画线词所在部分的意思是创建者亲自证实了这种T恤衫能够在全世界范围内起作用。故选B项。
4.考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"ICONSPEAK is a clear example that the answer to complex problems can be very simple" 可知,通过T恤衫的例子我们可以知道,有时候复杂问题的解决办法可能很简单。故选D项。
D.答案：1-4 ADCA
解析：1.词义猜测题。研究人员研究了16项已发表的研究数据, 并利用它来确定需要多少运动来抵消久坐的危害。 compensate for意为“补偿,弥补”, 与make up for同义。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知对久坐的人来说, 运动要求并不严格, 可以在一天内完成。由此可见时间比较灵活。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 他们建议的每日锻炼目标比以前要高, 但也能实现。
4.推理判断题。第二段首句"A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary job." 和下面的具体数据是用例子来说明这项新研究的内容, 所以本段是用了举例的方法。
第二节
答案：DGEFA
解析：①空前的“通过学习新的科目,参与政治辩论,和其他有创造力、有智慧的人交谈来锻炼你的大脑”与D项“这些活动将激发源源不断的创造力”联系紧密。D项中的These activities就是指上文所提到的活动。故选D。
②分析本段结构可知,G项“学生们通常会在他们感兴趣的科目上表现出色”正是学生们要找到自己的内在动力的原因。故选G。
③根据本段主旨句“改变你的常规”和下文讲的为了激发创造力就要改变常规可知,空处应讲创造力常常会受到过于熟悉的常规的阻止。故选E。
④根据下文中的“考虑阅读以前对你来说无聊的话题”可知,空处应是讲尽可能多地阅读几个不同的话题。故选F。
⑤空处是本段主旨句。根据空后的“我们满满的日程表没有为创造性的思考留出时间”以及本段其他内容可知,本段主旨句应该是给自己安排一些安静的时间,这样才会提高创造力。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BDCAD 6-10 BACDC 11-15 ABDBA
解析：1. 考查名词。句意：感谢你对加入学校篮球队感兴趣。football"足球"；basketball"篮球"；volleyball"排球"；baseball"棒球"。根据下文"that basketball is giving you..."可知是加入篮球队。故选B。
2. 考查名词。句意：正如你知道的，我们的团队享有很高的声誉，但我们一直在寻找新的人才来加强我们的团队，以迎接未来。class"班级"；school"学校"；club"社团"；team"团队"。根据上文的team可知此处是指我们篮球队享有很高的声誉。故选D。
3.考查动词。句意同上。investigate"调查"；question"询问"；seek"寻找"；test"测试"。根据下文"new talent to sharpen the team for the future"可知是寻找新的人才来磨砺团队，迎接未来。故选C。
4. 考查连词。句意：新生被选中并不常见，但很高兴听到你在团队合作中找到了力量，篮球给了你人生中的一个目标。but"但是"；or"或者，否则"；for"因为"；so"因此"。根据语境可知为转折关系，故用but，选A。
5. 考查名词。句意同上。possibility"可能性"；lesson"课程"；award"奖"；goal"目标"。根据下文"in life"可知是指篮球给了人生中的一个目标。故选D。
6. 考查动词。句意：如果你的目标是校队，下述就是我们的人才发掘者一直在寻找的。call"打电话"；aim"以……为目标"；answer"回答"；act"行动"。根据下文"for the school team"可知是指申请人的目的是加入校队，aim for固定短语，"以……为目标"。故选B。
7. 考查动词。句意：首先，你需要向我们展示你可以激烈、专注和有效地打篮球。play"玩耍"；buy"购买"；make"制造"；borrow"借"。play basketball为固定短语，意为"打篮球"，故选A。
8.考查名词。句意：这意味着你总是专注于比赛，在球场上移动，带球跑动，防守和进攻时移动地都很好。pose"姿势"；bounce"弹跳"；move"移动"；shot"射击"。打篮球时球员是随时在移动的，防守和进攻时的移动也必须都很好。故选C。
9.考查动词。句意：我们需要看到你能控球，控制对手，投篮，为我们的球队进球得分。kick"踢"；set"设置"；keep"保持"；score"得分"。根据上文"take shots"可知投篮的目的就是进球得分。故选D。
10. 考查动词。句意：相信我，当我们在寻找新球员的时候，这些努力确实将会得到回报。pay off"得到回报"。故选C。
11. 考查动词。句意：其次，最高的球员并不总是被选中的那些人。choose"选择"；award"授予"；promote"促进"；fire"点火"。根据下文可知，除了身体上的要求，优秀篮球运动员还有其他方面的要求，故此处是说身高最高的球员并不总是会被球队选中。故选A。
12. 考查名词。句意：我们在寻找力量、速度和技能，但我们也需要有良好的性格，谦虚，能发挥团队精神的人。talent"才能"；character"性格"；shape"形状"；intelligence"智力"。故选B。
13. 考查名词。句意：没有个人能赢得篮球比赛；是团队登上领奖台，并且我们的教练总是强调团队合作，无论是在场上还是场下。hardwork"勤奋"；heroism"英雄主义"；individualism"个人主义"；teamwork"团队合作"。故选D。
14. 考查名词。句意：这些品质造就了一名优秀的篮球运动员。rule"规则"；quality"品质"；tradition"传统"；conditions"条件"。根据倒数第二段的第二句可知优秀的运动员必须有良好的性格、谦虚和懂得团队合作，这些都是优秀篮球运动员的品质。故选B。
15. 考查名词。句意：我希望这些提示可以帮助你成为一个合格的篮球运动员，并希望在我们开始招募新成员时看到你。tip"提示，建议"；warning"警告"；requirement"要求"；announcement"公告"。根据上文分别说明了想要成为合格运动员的一些要求，可知作者是希望这些提示可以帮助王石成为一个合格的篮球运动员。故选A。
第二节
答案：①by ②announcement ③what ④to be awarded ⑤which ⑥raised ⑦went ⑧a ⑨wisdom ⑩will be
解析：①考查介词。句意：一个名叫索菲亚的仿真机器人创造了历史，成为全球首个被赋予公民身份的机器人。by doing sth.表示方式或途径，意为"通过做某事"。
②考查名词。由空前的the可知此处应用名词，作made的宾语，表示"公告"，用名词announcement。
③考查名词性从句。句意：索菲亚，我们刚刚得知你成为沙特的首个被授予公民身份的机器人。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，设空处在从句中表示"……东西"，故用what引导宾语从句。
④考查动词不定式。句意：我为获得公民身份而深感自豪与荣幸……。be+proud/ honored+to do sth.是固定用法。此处主语I与award之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态to be awarded。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：他与机器人谈论了人工智能的未来。索菲亚说，它想使用人工智能帮助人类生活得更好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指物，且在从句中作use的宾语，故用which引导定语从句。
⑥考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰concerns, concerns与raise为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
⑦考查虚拟语气。句意：……人工智能如果变得邪恶，突然攻击人类，它会是危险的。此句使用了虚拟语气。
⑧考查冠词。句意：索菲亚试图打消索尔金对一个"糟糕的未来"的担忧……。由语境可知此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
⑨考查名词。此处用名词wisdom与kindness，compassion形成并列结构，作like的宾语。
⑩考查动词的时态。句意：……不必担心，如果你对我好，我就会对你好。if引导的条件状语从句是一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Tom,
In order to protect traditional Chinese culture, an activity about the culture of the Han Dynasty was held in our school hall yesterday. Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to tell you about it.
The activity started with a wonderful dance performed by several girls wearing beautifully designed clothes. Later, a teacher introduced the characteristics of the clothes and the etiquette of the Han Dynasty. Students who had questions asked the teacher actively.
Through this activity, I have learnt more about the culture of the Han Dynasty. It's really meaningful.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：One possible version:
I was both nervous and excited when it was my turn. I had a deep breath and then rode my unicycle towards the stage. When I heard the music, I started to put the hula hoop in my neck. Carefully, I moved it down to my stomach. Everything seemed good. The audience applauded for me when the hula hoop was about to my knees. And then, an unlucky thing happened. I didn't ride backwards firmly so I tumbled. At that moment I felt my heart was broken. However, after a very short rest, I stood up with my red face. I tried again and finally, I made it. Seeing this, all the audience cheered and applauded happily.
When I got home, I couldn't wait to check my mobile phone left at home. My deskmate Mary sent the performance video to me and expressed that she was so proud of me. There were also many messages from my classmates and teachers, which encouraged me a lot. Not only could I challenge myself but also I helped my school raise money for charity in this performance.