研版（2019）选择性必修三Unit 5 Learning from nature检测题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 研版（2019）选择性必修三Unit 5 Learning from nature检测题（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-02-25 17:42:25 | ||
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Unit 5 Learning from nature 检测题
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing Daxing Airport Is Finally Open
Beijing Daxing International Airport (PKX), also known as Beijing New Airport, is the biggest airport in the world. It is also the second international airport of Beijing along with Beijing Capital International Airport. The airport's design is a pioneering one while its location in Daxing District (the southern suburbs of Beijing) is perfect for serving the Chinese capital and the neighboring areas of Hebei and Tianjin. The new mega hub airport (大型枢纽机场) is expected to handle up to 45 million passengers per year by 2021 and 100 million in the future.
How big is Daxing Airport
The gigantic Daxing Airport, with the impressive shape which has given it the nickname "Starfish", has enormous dimensions. There are 4 runways at present (with the hope of becoming 7 in the future) and a vast terminal building (航站楼) covering a 700,000m2 area while the ground transportation centre extends to 80,000m2.
How many runways does Daxing Airport have
For the time being, Daxing Airport has four runways and 79 airport stands. The 4 runways' size is impressive while the airport stands are suitable for both one twin-aisle (双通道) and two single-aisle planes. Eventually, the airport will have 7 runways in total and will be able to serve about 620,000 flights every year.
Who designed Daxing Airport
Daxing Airport's terminal building is the impressive outcome of the cooperation between ADP Ingénierie (ADPI) and the architecture team of Zaha Hadid who tragically passed away in 2016. As a result, in August 2018, Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertook the design of the new commercial terminal which is expected to meet every passenger's needs.
How much did Daxing Airport cost
The construction of the mega airport, which is expected to eventually become the busiest airport in the world, cost an unsurprisingly large amount of money. The Chinese government is estimated to have paid about $17.47 billion for this great project.
1.Daxing Airport is built _______.
A. to serve Beijing, Hebei and Tianjin
B. only for the Chinese capital, Beijing
C. as the second biggest airport in the world
D. to handle up to 45 million passengers per year
2.What did Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertake
A. The runways. B. The airport stands.
C. The terminal building. D. The commercial terminal.
3.What is the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce Daxing Airport.
B. To describe how Daxing Airport was built.
C. To attract people to visit Daxing Airport.
D. To discuss the importance of Daxing Airport.
B
Once again, I was at a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris. That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small. I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest. My hair was thick, short and ugly while hers was long and beautiful. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I couldn't stand her, considering her my enemy. But she wanted to be friends.
One day, she invited me over and I said yes — I was too shocked to say no. Actually, no one had invited me to play before. But this girl, who wore the latest fashions, wanted to invite me.
She lived on the fourth floor in a two-room place. When we got to the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies — which was my next surprise. I would have thought she had outgrown(因长大而不适用……) them. I had never played with them. But we sat on the floor of a walk-in cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. That's when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older. We both had wild imaginations.
We had a great time that afternoon. She showed me her outfits, which mostly came from a designer clothing store down the block. The woman who owned it sometimes used her as a model for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whole neighborhood. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines, the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each other's houses and spent every free moment together. I let my hair grow out and learned to love being tall.
Paris, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through my tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends: Your "worst enemy" can turn out to be your best friend.
1.At the time described at the beginning of the passage, the writer _______.
A.felt she had little in common with Paris
B.thought highly of Paris for being confident
C.felt she was not as well-behaved as Paris
D.stayed away from Paris because of their differences
2.The writer describes Paris as a girl who __________.
A.knew how to exchange services B.refused to grow up
C.was good at dealing with people D.bought a lot of designer clothing
3.From the passage, we can tell that through her friendship with Paris, the writer _________.
A.started to accept herself B.also became a neighborhood star
C.learned more about fashion D.was able to fit in at her new school
4.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Life holds a lot of surprises for us.
B.If you hate the differences between you and someone else, you'll be bored to death.
C.Never judge a person from his appearance.
D.Sometimes you can make friends if you get past what seem differences.
C
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)一such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.A new study of different plants. B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Employees from various workplaces. D.Benefits from green plants.
2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A.To detect plants' lack of water. B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer. D.To test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production. B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption. D.They could take the place of power plants.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free
D
"Birds" and "airports" are two words that, paired together, don't normally paint the most harmonious picture. So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that is for birds.
Described as the world's first-ever bird airport, the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区) in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is, of course, not an actual airport. Rather, it's a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds even thousands of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species of migratory(迁徙的) water birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.
Located on a former landfill site, the 150-acre airport is also open to human travelers. (Half a million visitors are expected annually.) However, instead of duty-free shopping, the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin's newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised "observation platforms" and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles.
"The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species, while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin." Adrian McGregor of an Australian landscape architecture firm explained of the design. Frequently blanketed in smog so thick that it has shut down real airports, Tianjin is a city—China's fourth most populous—that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs.
1. What does the underlined phrase non-egg-laying creatures" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Visitors. B. Designers. C. Endangered water birds. D. Planes.
2.What do we know about the airport according to the passage
A. People cannot watch birds up close here.
B. It is located on a 150-acre landfill site.
C. It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve.
D. It provides migratory birds with food and shelter.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The airport will become a permanent home for birds.
B. Tianjin will win worldwide fame in the future.
C. Tianjin's air quality will improve thanks to the airport.
D. Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people.
4. What does this passage mainly tell us
A. Airports shut down and open up.
B. China is to open the first bird airport.
C. Airports turn into green lungs.
D. Birds are no longer enemies to airports.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio detection and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar "sees" with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. ① _____ In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. ②_____ It has been widely used in almost every conflict since then.
Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to a television screen. On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip that shows the direction of the object and distance. ③_____
Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. ④_____ Weather forecasters "see" the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to accurately measure the distance to the moon. Thus, the device has generated major advancements.
⑤_____ Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles (弹道导弹) warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A.Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
B.These measurements are now highly accurate.
C.The device can be used in a wide range of fields.
D.During World War II many countries used radar effectively.
E.It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.
F.Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.
G.Strengthening national defense is one of radar's most important functions.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
The world's youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks to his ability.
Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name is AJ, is 1 learning to put together words, but the baby is already able to 2 and play music from a laptop and has become famous in South Africa. His ability has even 3 him special appearances, with fans 4 to hear his bass-heavy house music.
His recent 5 at a supermarket near his home in Johannesburg 6 a large crowd as he moved his head to the 7 , with large headphones around his neck. His mother, Refiloe Marumo, 8 his success to his father Glen Hlongwane's decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son. Mr. Hlongwane, a gymnastics coach and 9 DJ, had planned to download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself.
A mobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngster now has nearly 25,000 Facebook 10 . However, some people 11 his parents of abusing and making money from their child's ability. Mr. Hlongwane said he would not " 12 his kid" and that he wasn't allowed to play in clubs or at parties 13 his age. The parents also insisted that they would not 14 their son to be a DJ when he grew up. They believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future. Mr. Hlongwane added, "I can see a 15 Bill Gates here."
1..A.never B.still C.therefore D.merely
2..A.create B.adopt C.select D.tease
3..A.earned B.exchanged C.risked D.updated
4..A.desperate B.unwilling C.admirable D.appropriate
5..A.movement B.competition C.reputation D.appearance
6..A.moved B.benefited C.attracted D.disappointed
7..A.rhyme B.flash C.pattern D.beat
8..A.exposed B.accustomed C.appealed D.owed
9..A.allergic B.cautious C.devoted D.ridiculous
10..A.competitors B.followers C.sponsors D.experts
11..A.accomplished B.acquired C.accused D.convinced
12..A.take charge of B.take possession of C.take advantage of D.take place of
13..A.due to B.in spite of C.rather than D.as well as
14..A.demand B.allow C.doubt D.force
15..A.realistic B.contemporary C.future D.predictable
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We're so familiar with nature that we seldom take ① _____ second thought about it, but some artists take inspiration from it. Barcelona's forest-like Sagrada Familia and Beijing's Water Cube are good ②_____ (example). Singapore's ArtScience Museum is another example for people to enjoy the ③_____ (explore) of the relationship between art and science. The building was designed ④_____ (show) the connection between nature and the modem city environment in which it sits. Besides, Harare's Eastgate Centre, ⑤_____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature documentary ⑥_____ which termites were constructing their nests, ⑦_____ a superb example of biomimicry. Also, the world's first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whose surface ⑧_____ (cover) in panels that contain algae and the algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbon dioxide to encourage them to grow. These buildings enable us to live in closer ⑨ _____ (harmonious) with our environment. It may be a challenge to meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow, ⑩ _____ even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校下周准备举行一次中西文化差异的讲座。请你写信给你同城的英国朋友Tom邀请他来参加讲座, 内容包括:
1.讲座时间、地点;
2.讲座内容:中西文化差异;
3.告知是否参加讲座。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
We have a pit bull (比特犬). We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He jumping on cars, we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he laid down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.
We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didn't appear so. Then, we took a good look at the dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was abandoned.
My husband said, "If he doesn't bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog. The dog happily joined us with no fight at all. The only thing we were in danger of was getting licked to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.
The dog was clearly on the road for some time. He was extremely underweight. He was covered in scars and new wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We thought of possible fights with coyotes, but he also looked as though he was used to fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason he was abandoned. He can't have been a good fighting dog.
Therefore, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.
Paragraph 1 :
We took him to the vet, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中The airport's design is a pioneering one while its location in Daxing District（the southern suburbs of Beijing）is perfect for serving the Chinese capital and the neighboring areas of Hebei and Tianin.可知，大兴国际机场修建的目的是为北京以及河北和天津服务，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中As a result，in August 2018, Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertook the design of the new commercial terminal which is expected to meet every passenger's needs.可知，香港设计工作室Lead 8承担了新的商业航站楼的设计工作，故选D。
3. 推理判断题。本文介绍了北京大兴国际机场的地理位置、占地面积以及建造情况，可知A项为正确答案。
B.答案：1-4.ACAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一、第二段的内容可知,一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点,故选A。
2.考查推理判断。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以看出,Paris很擅长和人打交道,很多人都喜欢她,给她提供很多免费服务。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。从最后两段内容,尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知,作者开始接受自己。
4.考查主旨大意。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友,到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处,而且相处地非常开心,到文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友, 由此可知D项最符合文意。
C.答案：1-4.DACC
解析：1.考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have found positive effects"及本段中的"greener areas of the city experienced less crime"和"employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits from green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗 )最能凸显本文主题。
D.答案：1-4 ADCB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据划线词前instead of duty-free shopping 及划线词后a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised "observation platforms" and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles 可知, 天津“候鸟机场”保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 观赏台以及一个总长超过4英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道组成的网状系统, 而不是免税购物, 由此可知划线词词义为“游客”, 故A项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"over 50 species of migratory water birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway." 可知, 候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西, 然后继续飞行, 也就是说机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所, 故D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个“候鸟机场”保护区得到很大的改善, 故C 项正确。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文, 特别是根据第二段可知, 本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立“候鸟机场”保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义, 故B项正确。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDBAG
解析：①根据设空处前一句Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog.可知，雷达在飞机着陆和船只航海中起着巨大的作用，因此，雷达对航运商和旅行者特别有价值，故选E。
②在上文内容But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war.中捕捉到关键词war，所以设空处的内容会涉及war，故D项"在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达"符合本段内容，故选D。
③根据前一句On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip that shows the direction of the object and distance.可知，在屏幕上，观察者看到显示物体的方向和距离的闪光或光点，现在这些测量值已经高度精确了。故选B。
④根据本段中的Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. ④____ Weather forecasters "see" the size, direction, and speed of storms or radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to accurately measure the distance to the moon.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在各个领域的用途，A项为雷达对警察的作用，故选A。
⑤根据后文Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles（弹道导弹）warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在国防领域的重要作用，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5BCAAD;6-10CDDCB;11-15CCADC
解析：1. 根据but the baby可知他还是个婴儿，还在学习说话。never从不；still仍然；therefore因此；merely仅仅。故选B。
2. 根据and play music at a laptop可知是从笔记本电脑上挑选和播放音乐。create创造；adopt采取；select选择；tease取笑。故选C。
3. 此处表示"他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会"。earn赚取，赢得；exchange交换；risk冒险；update更新。故选A。
4. 作为粉丝，当然是迫切地想听到他的音乐。desperate渴望的；unwilling不情愿的；admirable令人钦佩的；appropriate合适的。故选A。
5. 根据下文as he moved his head可知此处表示他的出现。movement运动，活动；competition比赛；reputation名声，声誉；appearance出现，外表。故选D。
6.根据上文The world's youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans可推断他的出现吸引了很多人。move移动；benefit使受益；attract吸引 disappoint使失望。故选C。
7. 根据with large headphones around his neck可知他脖子上挂着耳机，他的头跟着节拍动，rhyme押韵；flash闪光；pattern图案；beat节拍。故选D。
8. 根据下文his success to his father Glen Hlongwane's decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son可知他的母亲Refiloe Marumo将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlongwane为他未出生的儿子买苹果平板电脑的决定。固定搭配owe one's success to把某人的成功归功于。故选D。
9.根据as well as a DJ app for himself可知他自己也是一名忠实的DJ。allergic过敏的；cautious小心的；devoted忠实的；ridiculous荒谬的。故选C。
10. 根据has nearly 25,000 Facebook可知这些人是他的粉丝。一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享，现在这个年轻人在Facebook上有近2.5万名粉丝。competitor竞争者；follower拥护者，追随者；sponsor赞助商；expert专家。故选B。
11.根据abusing and making money可知，一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accomplish完成；acquire获得；accuse控告，指责；convince使确信。固定短语accuse sb.of doing sth.控告/指责某人做某事。故选C。
12. 根据下文and said he wasn't allowed to play in clubs or at parties可知他父亲是不会利用他的孩子谋财的。take charge of接管，负责；take possession of占有，占领；take advantage of利用；take place of代替，取代。故选C。
13. 由于他只有两岁，因此不被允许在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due to由于；in spite of尽管，不顾；rather than而不是；even if即使，虽然。故选A。
14. 根据to be a DJ when he grew up以及but可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。demand需要；allow允许；doubt怀疑；force强迫。故选D。
15.根据上文中would probably decide his future可知，这里指"未来的比尔·盖茨"。realistic现实的；contemporary同时代的；future将来的；predictable可预言的。故选C。
第二节
答案：①a ②examples ③exploration ④to show ⑤which ⑥in ⑦is ⑧is covered ⑨harmony ⑩but
解析：①考查冠词。句意：我们对大自然是如此熟悉，以至于我们很少进一步去想它，但是一些艺术家却从中获得灵感。a second thought进一步考虑。
②考查名词复数。句意：巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家堂和北京的水立方就是很好的例子。根据主语和are可知设空处应为复数，故填examples。
③考查词性转换。句意：新加坡的艺术科学博物馆是另一个让人们享受探索艺术与科学之间的关系的例子。设空处位于the和of之间，应用名词形式，故填exploration。
④考查非谓语动词。be designed to do sth.为做某事而设计。
⑤考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Harare's Eastgate Centre，指物，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
⑥这里指在纪录片里，白蚁正在建造它们的巢穴，设空处与which共同引导定语从句，由先行词nature documentary可知这里用in。
⑦考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Harare's Eastgate Centre是主句的主语，为单数，这里又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时，故填is。
⑧考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，世界上第一座以藻类为动力的建筑位于德国汉堡，其表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，藻类被喂食液体营养物和二氧化碳以促进它们的生长。分析句子结构可知，whose surface _____（cover）in panels是定语从句，设空处作从句的谓语，surface和cover之间是被动关系，此处又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结合主语surface可知填is covered。
⑨考查名词。in harmony with与……协调/一致，是固定搭配。
⑩考查连词。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助教会我们如何实现这一点。两个分句之间为转折关系，故填but。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I am writing to invite you to attend a lecture held at the lecture hall on Friday evening, from 7 pm to 9 pm.
Since the lecture is about the similarities and differences between western and eastern cultures, I'm sure you will be interested in it. What's more, the lecturer will set aside 30 minutes to answer all the questions raised by us students, which will make you have a better understanding of cultural differences.
Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come Look forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
We took him to the vet, who said the dog appears to be in good health, despite his having been abandoned. He figured out the dog is about two or three years of age, from the condition of his teeth. Then the vet gave him all the required shots and applied some medicine to the scars and new wounds. About a month later, the dog changed into a strong and lovely one. He is both sweet and gentle.
Paragraph 2:
Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble. One day my husband went to work in a hurry, forgetting to turn off the gas. I was sleeping soundly when I heard the dog barking like crazy. I was woken up, realising something unusual must have happened in our house. It turned out that the house was filled with gas, which made me in danger. I owed it to the dog that I avoided a disaster. The pit bull has become a member of our family.
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing Daxing Airport Is Finally Open
Beijing Daxing International Airport (PKX), also known as Beijing New Airport, is the biggest airport in the world. It is also the second international airport of Beijing along with Beijing Capital International Airport. The airport's design is a pioneering one while its location in Daxing District (the southern suburbs of Beijing) is perfect for serving the Chinese capital and the neighboring areas of Hebei and Tianjin. The new mega hub airport (大型枢纽机场) is expected to handle up to 45 million passengers per year by 2021 and 100 million in the future.
How big is Daxing Airport
The gigantic Daxing Airport, with the impressive shape which has given it the nickname "Starfish", has enormous dimensions. There are 4 runways at present (with the hope of becoming 7 in the future) and a vast terminal building (航站楼) covering a 700,000m2 area while the ground transportation centre extends to 80,000m2.
How many runways does Daxing Airport have
For the time being, Daxing Airport has four runways and 79 airport stands. The 4 runways' size is impressive while the airport stands are suitable for both one twin-aisle (双通道) and two single-aisle planes. Eventually, the airport will have 7 runways in total and will be able to serve about 620,000 flights every year.
Who designed Daxing Airport
Daxing Airport's terminal building is the impressive outcome of the cooperation between ADP Ingénierie (ADPI) and the architecture team of Zaha Hadid who tragically passed away in 2016. As a result, in August 2018, Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertook the design of the new commercial terminal which is expected to meet every passenger's needs.
How much did Daxing Airport cost
The construction of the mega airport, which is expected to eventually become the busiest airport in the world, cost an unsurprisingly large amount of money. The Chinese government is estimated to have paid about $17.47 billion for this great project.
1.Daxing Airport is built _______.
A. to serve Beijing, Hebei and Tianjin
B. only for the Chinese capital, Beijing
C. as the second biggest airport in the world
D. to handle up to 45 million passengers per year
2.What did Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertake
A. The runways. B. The airport stands.
C. The terminal building. D. The commercial terminal.
3.What is the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce Daxing Airport.
B. To describe how Daxing Airport was built.
C. To attract people to visit Daxing Airport.
D. To discuss the importance of Daxing Airport.
B
Once again, I was at a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris. That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small. I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest. My hair was thick, short and ugly while hers was long and beautiful. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I couldn't stand her, considering her my enemy. But she wanted to be friends.
One day, she invited me over and I said yes — I was too shocked to say no. Actually, no one had invited me to play before. But this girl, who wore the latest fashions, wanted to invite me.
She lived on the fourth floor in a two-room place. When we got to the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies — which was my next surprise. I would have thought she had outgrown(因长大而不适用……) them. I had never played with them. But we sat on the floor of a walk-in cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. That's when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older. We both had wild imaginations.
We had a great time that afternoon. She showed me her outfits, which mostly came from a designer clothing store down the block. The woman who owned it sometimes used her as a model for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whole neighborhood. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines, the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each other's houses and spent every free moment together. I let my hair grow out and learned to love being tall.
Paris, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through my tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends: Your "worst enemy" can turn out to be your best friend.
1.At the time described at the beginning of the passage, the writer _______.
A.felt she had little in common with Paris
B.thought highly of Paris for being confident
C.felt she was not as well-behaved as Paris
D.stayed away from Paris because of their differences
2.The writer describes Paris as a girl who __________.
A.knew how to exchange services B.refused to grow up
C.was good at dealing with people D.bought a lot of designer clothing
3.From the passage, we can tell that through her friendship with Paris, the writer _________.
A.started to accept herself B.also became a neighborhood star
C.learned more about fashion D.was able to fit in at her new school
4.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Life holds a lot of surprises for us.
B.If you hate the differences between you and someone else, you'll be bored to death.
C.Never judge a person from his appearance.
D.Sometimes you can make friends if you get past what seem differences.
C
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)一such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.A new study of different plants. B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Employees from various workplaces. D.Benefits from green plants.
2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A.To detect plants' lack of water. B.To change compositions of plants.
C.To make the life of plants longer. D.To test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A.They will speed up energy production. B.They may transmit electricity to the home.
C.They might help reduce energy consumption. D.They could take the place of power plants.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Can we grow more glowing plants B.How do we live with glowing plants
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free
D
"Birds" and "airports" are two words that, paired together, don't normally paint the most harmonious picture. So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that is for birds.
Described as the world's first-ever bird airport, the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区) in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is, of course, not an actual airport. Rather, it's a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds even thousands of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species of migratory(迁徙的) water birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.
Located on a former landfill site, the 150-acre airport is also open to human travelers. (Half a million visitors are expected annually.) However, instead of duty-free shopping, the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin's newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised "observation platforms" and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles.
"The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species, while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin." Adrian McGregor of an Australian landscape architecture firm explained of the design. Frequently blanketed in smog so thick that it has shut down real airports, Tianjin is a city—China's fourth most populous—that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs.
1. What does the underlined phrase non-egg-laying creatures" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Visitors. B. Designers. C. Endangered water birds. D. Planes.
2.What do we know about the airport according to the passage
A. People cannot watch birds up close here.
B. It is located on a 150-acre landfill site.
C. It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve.
D. It provides migratory birds with food and shelter.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The airport will become a permanent home for birds.
B. Tianjin will win worldwide fame in the future.
C. Tianjin's air quality will improve thanks to the airport.
D. Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people.
4. What does this passage mainly tell us
A. Airports shut down and open up.
B. China is to open the first bird airport.
C. Airports turn into green lungs.
D. Birds are no longer enemies to airports.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio detection and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar "sees" with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. ① _____ In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. ②_____ It has been widely used in almost every conflict since then.
Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to a television screen. On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip that shows the direction of the object and distance. ③_____
Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. ④_____ Weather forecasters "see" the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to accurately measure the distance to the moon. Thus, the device has generated major advancements.
⑤_____ Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles (弹道导弹) warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A.Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
B.These measurements are now highly accurate.
C.The device can be used in a wide range of fields.
D.During World War II many countries used radar effectively.
E.It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.
F.Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.
G.Strengthening national defense is one of radar's most important functions.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
The world's youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks to his ability.
Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name is AJ, is 1 learning to put together words, but the baby is already able to 2 and play music from a laptop and has become famous in South Africa. His ability has even 3 him special appearances, with fans 4 to hear his bass-heavy house music.
His recent 5 at a supermarket near his home in Johannesburg 6 a large crowd as he moved his head to the 7 , with large headphones around his neck. His mother, Refiloe Marumo, 8 his success to his father Glen Hlongwane's decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son. Mr. Hlongwane, a gymnastics coach and 9 DJ, had planned to download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself.
A mobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngster now has nearly 25,000 Facebook 10 . However, some people 11 his parents of abusing and making money from their child's ability. Mr. Hlongwane said he would not " 12 his kid" and that he wasn't allowed to play in clubs or at parties 13 his age. The parents also insisted that they would not 14 their son to be a DJ when he grew up. They believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future. Mr. Hlongwane added, "I can see a 15 Bill Gates here."
1..A.never B.still C.therefore D.merely
2..A.create B.adopt C.select D.tease
3..A.earned B.exchanged C.risked D.updated
4..A.desperate B.unwilling C.admirable D.appropriate
5..A.movement B.competition C.reputation D.appearance
6..A.moved B.benefited C.attracted D.disappointed
7..A.rhyme B.flash C.pattern D.beat
8..A.exposed B.accustomed C.appealed D.owed
9..A.allergic B.cautious C.devoted D.ridiculous
10..A.competitors B.followers C.sponsors D.experts
11..A.accomplished B.acquired C.accused D.convinced
12..A.take charge of B.take possession of C.take advantage of D.take place of
13..A.due to B.in spite of C.rather than D.as well as
14..A.demand B.allow C.doubt D.force
15..A.realistic B.contemporary C.future D.predictable
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We're so familiar with nature that we seldom take ① _____ second thought about it, but some artists take inspiration from it. Barcelona's forest-like Sagrada Familia and Beijing's Water Cube are good ②_____ (example). Singapore's ArtScience Museum is another example for people to enjoy the ③_____ (explore) of the relationship between art and science. The building was designed ④_____ (show) the connection between nature and the modem city environment in which it sits. Besides, Harare's Eastgate Centre, ⑤_____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature documentary ⑥_____ which termites were constructing their nests, ⑦_____ a superb example of biomimicry. Also, the world's first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whose surface ⑧_____ (cover) in panels that contain algae and the algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbon dioxide to encourage them to grow. These buildings enable us to live in closer ⑨ _____ (harmonious) with our environment. It may be a challenge to meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow, ⑩ _____ even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校下周准备举行一次中西文化差异的讲座。请你写信给你同城的英国朋友Tom邀请他来参加讲座, 内容包括:
1.讲座时间、地点;
2.讲座内容:中西文化差异;
3.告知是否参加讲座。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
We have a pit bull (比特犬). We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He jumping on cars, we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he laid down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.
We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didn't appear so. Then, we took a good look at the dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was abandoned.
My husband said, "If he doesn't bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog. The dog happily joined us with no fight at all. The only thing we were in danger of was getting licked to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.
The dog was clearly on the road for some time. He was extremely underweight. He was covered in scars and new wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We thought of possible fights with coyotes, but he also looked as though he was used to fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason he was abandoned. He can't have been a good fighting dog.
Therefore, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.
Paragraph 1 :
We took him to the vet, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中The airport's design is a pioneering one while its location in Daxing District（the southern suburbs of Beijing）is perfect for serving the Chinese capital and the neighboring areas of Hebei and Tianin.可知，大兴国际机场修建的目的是为北京以及河北和天津服务，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中As a result，in August 2018, Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 undertook the design of the new commercial terminal which is expected to meet every passenger's needs.可知，香港设计工作室Lead 8承担了新的商业航站楼的设计工作，故选D。
3. 推理判断题。本文介绍了北京大兴国际机场的地理位置、占地面积以及建造情况，可知A项为正确答案。
B.答案：1-4.ACAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一、第二段的内容可知,一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点,故选A。
2.考查推理判断。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以看出,Paris很擅长和人打交道,很多人都喜欢她,给她提供很多免费服务。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。从最后两段内容,尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知,作者开始接受自己。
4.考查主旨大意。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友,到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处,而且相处地非常开心,到文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友, 由此可知D项最符合文意。
C.答案：1-4.DACC
解析：1.考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have found positive effects"及本段中的"greener areas of the city experienced less crime"和"employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits from green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗 )最能凸显本文主题。
D.答案：1-4 ADCB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据划线词前instead of duty-free shopping 及划线词后a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised "observation platforms" and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles 可知, 天津“候鸟机场”保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 观赏台以及一个总长超过4英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道组成的网状系统, 而不是免税购物, 由此可知划线词词义为“游客”, 故A项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"over 50 species of migratory water birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway." 可知, 候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西, 然后继续飞行, 也就是说机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所, 故D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个“候鸟机场”保护区得到很大的改善, 故C 项正确。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文, 特别是根据第二段可知, 本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立“候鸟机场”保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义, 故B项正确。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDBAG
解析：①根据设空处前一句Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog.可知，雷达在飞机着陆和船只航海中起着巨大的作用，因此，雷达对航运商和旅行者特别有价值，故选E。
②在上文内容But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war.中捕捉到关键词war，所以设空处的内容会涉及war，故D项"在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达"符合本段内容，故选D。
③根据前一句On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip that shows the direction of the object and distance.可知，在屏幕上，观察者看到显示物体的方向和距离的闪光或光点，现在这些测量值已经高度精确了。故选B。
④根据本段中的Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. ④____ Weather forecasters "see" the size, direction, and speed of storms or radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to accurately measure the distance to the moon.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在各个领域的用途，A项为雷达对警察的作用，故选A。
⑤根据后文Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles（弹道导弹）warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在国防领域的重要作用，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5BCAAD;6-10CDDCB;11-15CCADC
解析：1. 根据but the baby可知他还是个婴儿，还在学习说话。never从不；still仍然；therefore因此；merely仅仅。故选B。
2. 根据and play music at a laptop可知是从笔记本电脑上挑选和播放音乐。create创造；adopt采取；select选择；tease取笑。故选C。
3. 此处表示"他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会"。earn赚取，赢得；exchange交换；risk冒险；update更新。故选A。
4. 作为粉丝，当然是迫切地想听到他的音乐。desperate渴望的；unwilling不情愿的；admirable令人钦佩的；appropriate合适的。故选A。
5. 根据下文as he moved his head可知此处表示他的出现。movement运动，活动；competition比赛；reputation名声，声誉；appearance出现，外表。故选D。
6.根据上文The world's youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans可推断他的出现吸引了很多人。move移动；benefit使受益；attract吸引 disappoint使失望。故选C。
7. 根据with large headphones around his neck可知他脖子上挂着耳机，他的头跟着节拍动，rhyme押韵；flash闪光；pattern图案；beat节拍。故选D。
8. 根据下文his success to his father Glen Hlongwane's decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son可知他的母亲Refiloe Marumo将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlongwane为他未出生的儿子买苹果平板电脑的决定。固定搭配owe one's success to把某人的成功归功于。故选D。
9.根据as well as a DJ app for himself可知他自己也是一名忠实的DJ。allergic过敏的；cautious小心的；devoted忠实的；ridiculous荒谬的。故选C。
10. 根据has nearly 25,000 Facebook可知这些人是他的粉丝。一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享，现在这个年轻人在Facebook上有近2.5万名粉丝。competitor竞争者；follower拥护者，追随者；sponsor赞助商；expert专家。故选B。
11.根据abusing and making money可知，一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accomplish完成；acquire获得；accuse控告，指责；convince使确信。固定短语accuse sb.of doing sth.控告/指责某人做某事。故选C。
12. 根据下文and said he wasn't allowed to play in clubs or at parties可知他父亲是不会利用他的孩子谋财的。take charge of接管，负责；take possession of占有，占领；take advantage of利用；take place of代替，取代。故选C。
13. 由于他只有两岁，因此不被允许在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due to由于；in spite of尽管，不顾；rather than而不是；even if即使，虽然。故选A。
14. 根据to be a DJ when he grew up以及but可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。demand需要；allow允许；doubt怀疑；force强迫。故选D。
15.根据上文中would probably decide his future可知，这里指"未来的比尔·盖茨"。realistic现实的；contemporary同时代的；future将来的；predictable可预言的。故选C。
第二节
答案：①a ②examples ③exploration ④to show ⑤which ⑥in ⑦is ⑧is covered ⑨harmony ⑩but
解析：①考查冠词。句意：我们对大自然是如此熟悉，以至于我们很少进一步去想它，但是一些艺术家却从中获得灵感。a second thought进一步考虑。
②考查名词复数。句意：巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家堂和北京的水立方就是很好的例子。根据主语和are可知设空处应为复数，故填examples。
③考查词性转换。句意：新加坡的艺术科学博物馆是另一个让人们享受探索艺术与科学之间的关系的例子。设空处位于the和of之间，应用名词形式，故填exploration。
④考查非谓语动词。be designed to do sth.为做某事而设计。
⑤考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Harare's Eastgate Centre，指物，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
⑥这里指在纪录片里，白蚁正在建造它们的巢穴，设空处与which共同引导定语从句，由先行词nature documentary可知这里用in。
⑦考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Harare's Eastgate Centre是主句的主语，为单数，这里又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时，故填is。
⑧考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，世界上第一座以藻类为动力的建筑位于德国汉堡，其表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，藻类被喂食液体营养物和二氧化碳以促进它们的生长。分析句子结构可知，whose surface _____（cover）in panels是定语从句，设空处作从句的谓语，surface和cover之间是被动关系，此处又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结合主语surface可知填is covered。
⑨考查名词。in harmony with与……协调/一致，是固定搭配。
⑩考查连词。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助教会我们如何实现这一点。两个分句之间为转折关系，故填but。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I am writing to invite you to attend a lecture held at the lecture hall on Friday evening, from 7 pm to 9 pm.
Since the lecture is about the similarities and differences between western and eastern cultures, I'm sure you will be interested in it. What's more, the lecturer will set aside 30 minutes to answer all the questions raised by us students, which will make you have a better understanding of cultural differences.
Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come Look forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
We took him to the vet, who said the dog appears to be in good health, despite his having been abandoned. He figured out the dog is about two or three years of age, from the condition of his teeth. Then the vet gave him all the required shots and applied some medicine to the scars and new wounds. About a month later, the dog changed into a strong and lovely one. He is both sweet and gentle.
Paragraph 2:
Now we all love the dog very much. He once helped save me from trouble. One day my husband went to work in a hurry, forgetting to turn off the gas. I was sleeping soundly when I heard the dog barking like crazy. I was woken up, realising something unusual must have happened in our house. It turned out that the house was filled with gas, which made me in danger. I owed it to the dog that I avoided a disaster. The pit bull has become a member of our family.