2022届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解 计划-（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解 计划-（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-02-25 17:49:03 | ||
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专题36 计划
Passage 1
（2021·安徽·模拟预测）“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds… Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize(移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid(小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
1．Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One
A．To stress the risk of dying out on Earth.
B．To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C．To show growing intention of moving to Mars.
D．To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．It is costly and risky to colonize Mars.
B．Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C．Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle.
D．All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
3．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph
A．not steady to keep. B．not fit to live on.
C．not easy to approach. D．not safe to set foot on.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Mars, Our Future Planet.
B．Moving to A New Planet.
C．Should We Colonize Mars
D．Stay Home or Outer Space
Passage 2
（2020·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Encouraging life to bloom in the middle of a desert is no easy task. But one company, The National Advisor Bureau, in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a unique plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The firm intends to pull icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its billions of gallons of fresh water. One iceberg could provide enough for one million people over five years, according to the company. And the scheme could begin as early as the start of 2018.
The firm’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and used simulators to check the practicality of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News. Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project, Abdullah Mohammad Shehi said: “we predict that it will take up to one year to tow (拖拉) an iceberg to UAE.” We have made the technical and financial plan. Towing is the best method. We will start the project in beginning of 2018. “We want it mainly for the water. It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”
The UAE is one of the most dry countries and one of the top 10 most water-scarce in the world, due to its extremely dry climate, which receives less than four inches (100 mm) of rainfall per year. Despite that, it consumes more water than double the global national average, putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years. An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water, according to the Abu Dhabi-based company. They take a long time to melt as 80 percent of their mass is underwater, while the white ice above reflects sunlight, reducing its heat. Upon arrival at a specially constructed processing facility, workers will “mine” the icebergs for their water supplies. Blocks of ice will be sliced and placed in giant tanks, before being filtered and processed. “This is the purest water in the world”, Mr Al Shehi added. He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.
5．What is the main purpose of The National Advisor Bureau’s scheme
A．To boost tourism and ease financial burden in UAE.
B．To save endangered wildlife and boost tourism in UAE.
C．To make drinking water accessible to the people in UAE.
D．To get the purest water in the world for the citizens in UAE.
6．What does the underlined word simulator in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A type of mining tool to carve out the iceberg.
B．An electronic device to create and store energy.
C．A vehicle to transport the iceberg from Antarctica.
D．A piece of equipment to test potential conditions.
7．Which of the following helps slow down the melting of iceberg during transportation
A．The special electronic devices to keep the iceberg frozen.
B．The time of processing iceberg before being transported.
C．Much of the iceberg lying under water with ice above reflecting light.
D．The floating of the iceberg in the seawater with a more moist micro-climate.
8．What is the author’s attitude towards the plan
A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
Passage 3
（2020·山西晋中·模拟预测）Long long ago, some have predicted there would be robots on the earth. Nowadays we are familiar with a variety of robots that have some special skills in some science fiction movies and some real robots in our daily life. Some may dream of owning one or two or more robots to free them from something dangerous or tiring, challenging... Here's some good news for them.
Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co, also known as ASD, announced plans on Monday to invest at least 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.
"Besides the new plant in Zhejiang Province, ASD also plans to build ASD Shanghai Intelligent Valley and related logistics(后勤)and research facilities in the region. This ecosystem will cover robotics, smart manufacturing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things,” said Chen Helin, chairman of Shenzhen-listed ASD．
Despite mounting economic uncertainties, China's robot demand will continue to grow thanks to digitalized and artificial intelligence upgrade trends, industry insiders said. China's annual sales of industrial robots will hit 150,000 units in 2020, and 260,000 units in 2025, according to the Shanghai Robot Industry Association. The new ASD factory, located in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, will produce 20,000 industrial robots annually. About 1 ,000 robots manufactured at the new factory will be used in ASD's production line for cooking pots and other devices.
"ASD will join other industry players to attend the China International Industry Fair, which opens on Tuesday in Shanghai. ASD is "still interested in” being listed on the new Shanghai STAR market through spinning off its robot or smart manufacturing business," Chen said on Monday.
9．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To present an argument. B．To introduce some science fictions.
C．To inspire the readers to read more. D．To draw a conclusion about robots.
10．What does the underlined word " invest" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Put in. B．Take in.
C．Bring in. D．Look in.
11．What did ASD intend to do in Zhejiang Province
A．Build a factory in which workers are all robots.
B．Establish an industrial robot factory and related system.
C．Plant trees to make sure its factory has a good ecosystem.
D．Invest at least 500 million yuan to do research into the robots.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．China needs more industrial robots.
B．The China International Industrial Fair is opening.
C．ASD will build an industrial robot factory in Zhejiang.
D．The development of China's industrial robots is speeding up.
Passage 4
（2020·福建·厦门外国语学校模拟预测）People often plan to receive medical exam but don’t, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.
How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks They use carrots and sticks: bonuses, late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often aren’t effective for the situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.
Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health center’s location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.
People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the task—a particularly common problem for complex tasks.
People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.
13．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A．Heavy burden of daily chores. B．Lack of task management skills.
C．Disappointment of over-ambitions. D．Failure to achieve original intentions.
14．What does the randomized tetanus vaccination study show
A．People need to think deeply before they act.
B．Specific reminders help people accomplish plans.
C．Awareness of task significance matters in planning.
D．Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots.
15．What psychological benefit can people get from making a plan
A．They are realistic in the time required. B．They are optimistic about the outcome.
C．They are confident to overcome hardship. D．They are careful with task arrangements.
16．Who may be the intended readers of this text
A．Medical staff. B．Government officials.
C．Ordinary people. D．Social psychologists.
Passage 5
（2022·广东·佛山一中高三阶段练习）AT&T International Day Pass
International travel tips
Use your domestic plan when you travel in over 100 countries for $10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go, then follow these tips to help manage costs and make the most of your travels:
How it works
While abroad, if you make or accept a call, listen to a voicemail, send a text, or use data, you will be automatically charged $10 for 24-hour access to your domestic plan. During that period you can:
● Use your domestic plan data to email, post on social media, translate languages and more.
● Make unlimited calls to countries included in International Day Pass
● Send unlimited texts to the world.
How to help manage costs
● If you are outside of a 24-hour access period and you dn’t want to use your phone, turn off data roaming（漫游）to avoid being charged $10 accidentally.
● Save date by connecting Wi-Fi, especially if you download, or send and receive large files.
How to call, text and use data internationally
● To call or send a message to another country, dial + (country code) (local phone number)
● To use cellular data, turn on Cellular Data Roaming in your device Settings
● To call using Wi-Fi Calling, visit /wificalling for information
How to remove International Day Pass
To remove International Day pass, go to /myatt or call+1.31.925.6925. Once removed, pay-per-use rates will apply unless you add another international travel feature of package to your device. go to /travel for information on pay-per-use rates and products available by country.
Note: INTERNATIONAL DAY PASS: Coverage not available in all areas. Int’l Day Pass may be removed if international talk, text, or data use exceeds （超过）50% of your total talk, text, or data use for two months.
17．With the AT&T International Day Pass________.
A．one can make unlimited calls to any country for $10 a day.
B．the phone will automatically turn on Cellular Data Roaming
C．the phone calling can enjoy a favorable price, saving your cost
D．one can save money by using WiFi to download or send large files
18．According to the travel tips, which of the following is TURE
A．Without International Day Pass, one cannot make phone calls back to the US.
B．$10 will be automatically charged if roaming remains turned on after 24 hours.
C．Pay-per-use will apply when one forgets to remove the International Day Pass.
D．The pass will be removed if the use of data exceeds the average monthly amount.
19．Which of the following groups of people might be in the greatest need of the AT&T International Day Pass
A．People who have steeled abroad.
B．People who work in AT&T overseas offices.
C．People who have relatives in foreign countries.
D．People who make frequent business trips abroad.
Passage 6
（2021·重庆市潼南实验中学校高三阶段练习）Spring break is here! Tommy's mom and dad will also be on vacation from work next week. They want to plan all kinds of fun things to do, like biking, fishing, swimming and playing tennis. They are hoping for some warm, enjoyable weather. However, they cannot decide which activity to do on each day. So, they need to check the weather forecast in the newspaper before making final plans.
The Five-Day Forecast
Monday: sunny all day-high 28°C
Tuesday: partly cloudy with an 80% chance of afternoon storms-high 27°C
Wednesday: heavy rain in the morning, then cloudy in the afternoon-high 21℃
Thursday: partly sunny, clouds in the afternoon-high 18°C
Friday: partly cloudy with strong winds all day high 16°C
20．Why do Tommy's parents need to check the weather forecast for the vacation
A．Because they are going to some place far away.
B．Because they want to read in warm weather.
C．Because they are preparing clothes for Tommy.
D．Because they want to decide what to do for each day.
21．According to the forecast, which day has the highest temperature
A．Monday. B．Tuesday. C．Wednesday. D．Thursday.
22．If the family want to go biking all day, which of the following day might they choose
A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday. C．Thursday. D．Friday.
23．What would the weather be like on Tuesday and Wednesday
A．Cloudy sometimes. B．Windy sometimes. C．Rainy all day. D．Sunny all day.
24．On which days should the family wear sunglasses
A．Monday and Thursday. B．Thursday and Friday.
C．Wednesday and Friday. D．Monday and Wednesday.
Passage 7
（2021·重庆一中高二阶段练习）After almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.
Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day
Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功） now， but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain from credit no matter how small and save for the future.
Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.
People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future
Good questions, aren't they 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.
25．Why do elders teach us to save money
A．Because there are more rainy days in life.
B．Because no one can win streak.
C．Because good days may end.
D．Because money can't buy everything.
26．What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3
A．select from B．hold back C．rely on D．prefer to
27．What can we infer from the passage
A．We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.
B．We should wait to travel until we have enough money.
C．We should live for the future no matter what.
D．We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.
28．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Money is something but not everything.
B．One should save for rainy days.
C．Live in the moment before you live for the future.
D．Live the present wisely for your life.
Passage 8
（2020·陕西咸阳中学高三阶段练习）Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy(策略). There are lessons in that time-honored coin-saving container.
Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. If you wished to climb a 12,000-foot mountain, and could do it a day at a time, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, to collect the $15,000 cost, you have to save $3.93 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.
When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Year’s Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, yes, but you have to put something in it.
Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving Why not an elephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg,” and folks saved coins in pygg jars. The Middle English word for pig was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay, as “pug”, eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in pig or piggy. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born.
Originally you had to break the bank to get to the money, bringing in a sense of seriousness into savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money--- college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.
29．What is the piggy bank strategy
A．Paying 1% income tax at a time.
B．Setting a goal before making a travel plan.
C．Aiming high even when doing small things.
D．Putting aside a little money regularly for future use.
30．Why did the writer’s parents give him a piggy bank as a gift
A．To delight him with the latest fashion.
B．To encourage him to climb mountains.
C．To help him form the habit of saving.
D．To teach him English pronunciation.
31．What does the underlined word “something”(Paragraph 3) most probably refer to
A．Money B．Gifts
C．Financial success D．Good luck
参考答案：
1．C
2．A
3．B
4．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。
1．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星)”以 及“Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there .(火星是最吸引人的目的地之一。NASA, United Arab Emirates, SpaceX 以及Mars One 都有把人送往火星的计划)，可知，这么多机构都计划着让人类移民火星，也就是表明了不断增长的移民火星的意图，故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. (反对去火星的最常见的理由是去那太贵，太危险了)”可知，移民去火星太贵太有风险了，故选A。
3．
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. (火星似乎uninhabited，但是它可能给微生物提供生存之地)”可知，“but”后表明火星可以提供给微生物生存之地，难么“but”前说明火星可能无法提供生存的地方，也就是火星可能是不适合生存或居住的，故选B。
4．
主旨大意题。文章第一段Stephen Hawking的话中“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. (探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径)”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自己。文章第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星) ”表明很多专家支持移民火星的计划。文章第三段中“But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. (但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划)”，紧接着在第三段和第四段分析了移民火星的代价和危害，综合这些段落可知，整篇文章就是讲了我们是不是要移民火星，选项C“Should We Colonize Mars ”我们应该移民火星吗？符合要求，故选C。
5．C
6．D
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了为了解决水资源短缺问题，阿联酋的一家公司计划从南极运送冰川，以获取淡水共当地民众引用。
5．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But one company, The National Advisor Bureau, in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a unique plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The firm intends to pull icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its billions of gallons of fresh water.”可知，但是，阿拉伯联合酋长国的国家顾问局公司提出了一项独特的计划，为该国公民提供饮用水。该公司打算将冰山从南极洲拉到墨西哥湾沿岸，以获取数十亿加仑的淡水。所以阿联酋的The National Advisor Bureau公司计划将南极的冰川运到中东海湾，从中获得大量淡水来解决当地民众饮水问题。故选C项。
6．
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The firm’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and used simulators to check the practicality of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News.”可知，公司经理表示他们已经行驶过运输路线并且使用simulator核实了这个项目的可行性。故推出是用一种测试潜在条件的设备来核实了这个项目的可行性。所以故划线词义的意思是“一种测试潜在条件的设备”。选D项。
7．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They take a long time to melt as 80 percent of their mass is underwater, while the white ice above reflects sunlight, reducing its heat.”可知，在拖行过程中冰川有80%的部分是在水下的，而且上面的白冰反射光线，转移了温度，使得融化的过程放缓，所以冰川不易融化。故选C项。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.”可知，冰川的出现会为当地提供更湿润的气候，甚至会带来降雨，同时如果成功还可以带动旅游业的发展。因此作者对这项计划持支持的态度。故选A项。
【点睛】
推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义和隐含意义的过程。如第4小题，询问作者对这个项目的态度？根据最后一段“He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.”可知，冰川的出现会为当地提供更湿润的气候，甚至会带来降雨，同时如果成功还可以带动旅游业的发展。因此作者对这项计划持支持的态度。故选A项。
9．C
10．A
11．B
12．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了浙江爱世达电气(ASD)计划投资至少5 亿元（7140 万美元$），建设一家工业机器人工厂，以帮助该公司发展长三角地区的“智能制造生态系统”。
9．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “Some may dream of owning one or two or more robots to free them from something dangerous or tiring, challenging... Here’s some good news for them.” 有些人可能会梦想拥有一个或两个或更多的机器人，以使他们从危险或累人的挑战中解脱…这里有一些好消息。由此判断出第一段旨在引入话题，让读者读下去。故选C。
10．
词义猜测题。由下文 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.打造工业机器人工厂，帮助公司在长三角地区建立“智能制造生态系统”。所以推知Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co 计划投资5亿元人民币来建厂。D选项put in 进入、申请、投入、投资，和invest同义。故选A。
11．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “Besides the new plant in Zhejiang Province, ASD also plans to build ASD Shanghai Intelligent Valley and related logistics (后勤) and research facilities in the region. This ecosystem...” 除了浙江省新工厂，ASD还计划修建ASD上海智能谷和相关后勤和研究设施。这个生态系统将涵盖机器人、智能制造、人工智能和物联网。可知浙江爱世达计划建设一家工业机器人工厂和一些配套体系。故选B。
12．
主旨大意题。根据第二段Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co, also known as ASD, announced plans on Monday to invest at least 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.文章主要介绍了浙江爱世达电气(ASD)计划投资建设一家工业机器人工厂，以帮助该公司发展长三角地区的“智能制造生态系统”。故选C。
【点睛】
词义猜测题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
2.根据同位关系进行猜测。阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。
3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测。在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。
4.根据因果关系进行猜测。在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
5. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。文章中的代词it, that, he, him 或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找;也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。
6.根据同义关系进行猜测。当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，由此可推知其大致意思。
7.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测.根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。
如小题2由下文 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.打造工业机器人工厂，帮助公司在长三角地区建立“智能制造生态系统”。所以推知 Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co 计划投资5亿元人民币来建厂。D选项put in 进入、申请、投入、投资，和 invest同义。故选A。
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。人们经常会有事与愿违的情况，那么决策者该如何帮助人们完成重要任务？越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。人们错误地认为，他们强烈的意愿就足以促使他们去做他们想做的事情，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。
13．
推理判断题。根据第一段中A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.可知有相当多的市民本打算及时填写纳税表格，却忘记了。强迫他们支付不必要的罚款。许多家庭没有在政府截止日期前完成经济援助表格，失去了儿童保育的资助。由此可推知，第一段描述了事与愿违的现象。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第三段中Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance.可知越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。由此可知，破伤风疫苗接种研究体现了特别的提醒可以帮助人们完成计划。故选B。
15．
细节理解题。根据第四段中People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task.可知制定计划的人会从他们的心理力量中获得优势。具体来说，他们可以克服拖延的倾向，也可以克服对完成一项任务所需要的时间过于乐观的倾向。由此可知，制定一个计划能使人们，对事情所需要的时间预计得比较现实。故选A。
16．
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks (决策者如何帮助人们完成重要任务？)和第五段第二句These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.(这些心理学研究结果强调了鼓励计划制定和改善社会福利的政策决策的必要性)可知，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。由此可推知，政府官员可能是这篇文章的读者。故选B。
17．C
18．B
19．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。主要给出一些关于在旅行计划中如何管理成本，充分利用旅行的建议。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Use your domestic plan when you travel in over100 countries for $ 10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go, then follow these tips to help manage costs and make the most of your travels”（当您在100多个国家旅行时，使用您的国内计划，每天花费10美元。出发前将国际日通行证添加到您现有的旅行计划中，然后遵循以下建议来帮助您管理成本，充分利用您的旅行）和“Make unlimited calls to countries included in International Day Pass”（向国际日卡内的国家无限制地打电话）可知，通过AT&T国际日票，电话可以享受优惠价格，节省您的成本，故选C。
18．
推理判断题。根据第三段“If you are outside of a 24-hour access period and you don't want to use your phone, turn off data roaming(漫游）to avoid being charged s 10 accidentally.”（如果您不在24小时访问期间并且不想使用手机，请关闭数据漫游以避免被意外收费10美元）可知，如果24小时后漫游仍然开启，则会自动收取10美元的费用，故选B。
19．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Use your domestic plan when you travel in over 100 countries for $10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go”（当你在100多个国家旅行时，使用你的国内计划，每天花费10美元。出发前将国际日卡添加到您现有的计划中）可以看出，经常出国旅游的人可能最需要AT&T国际日通行证，故选D。
20．D
21．A
22．C
23．A
24．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tommy一家的休假计划，但是他们需要在制定最终计划之前查看报纸上的天气预报。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“However, they cannot decide which activity to do on each day. So, they need to check the weather forecast in the newspaper before making final plans.（但是，他们无法决定每天进行哪些活动。因此，他们需要在制定最终计划之前查看报纸上的天气预报。）”可知，Tommy的父母需要在假期查看天气预报的原因是他们要决定每天做什么事情。故选D。
21．
细节理解题。根据The Five-Day Forecast中的每一天最后的温度示数可知，根据天气预报，星期一气温最高。故选A。
22．
推理判断题。根据The Five-Day Forecast可知，Monday: sunny（星期一：晴）；Tuesday: partly cloudy with an 80% chance of afternoon storms（星期二：部分多云，有 80% 的几率出现午后暴风雨）；Wednesday: heavy rain in the morning, then cloudy（星期三：上午大雨，下午多云）；Thursday: partly sunny, clouds in the afternoon（星期四：部分晴天，下午有云）；Friday: partly cloudy with strong winds all day （星期五：部分多云，全天有强风）。因此，如果全家人想一整天骑自行车，在星期二至星期五这几天中，星期四的天气是合适的。故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据第3题的分析可知，星期二和星期三的天气为有时多云。故选A。
24．
推理判断题。根据第3题的分析可知，星期一和星期四的天气相对较好，日光充足，Tommy一家人需要戴太阳镜。故选A。
25．C
26．B
27．A
28．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论存钱的重要性及如何生活。
25．
细节理解题。根据第三段“One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say.（人将会度过那些没有阳光但是只有雨的日子，他们的幸运会隐藏在那些厚厚的灰云后面。他们说：要为了那些阴雨的日子存钱。）”可知，长辈们教我们存钱是因为人生不总是阳光明媚和幸运的，这些好日子可能会有结束的时候，故选C项。
26．
词义猜测题。根据第三段“Do not spend too much, live within a budget, refrain from credit no matter how small and save for the future.（不要花太多，生活要有预算。无论多小都要refrain from贷款并且要为将来而存钱。）”可知，作者想告诫我们要为将来而存钱，生活要有预算，花钱需节制。不论贷款的金额有多小都要节制。所以推测refrain from意为“节制，控制”，故选B项。
27．
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“I say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future(要我说，可以旅游但是别把钱花完，偶尔买买奢侈品但也要给必需品留些钱，享受当下但对可见的未来也要有打算)”可知，这正是作者想要传达的理念，钱该花还是要花的，不能只想着为以后攒着，与A选项“我们应该在正确的时间享受一下”相符。故选A项。
28．
主旨大意题。总览全文，作者首先抛出了传统的存钱观念，并对此提出了质疑，在最后一段表达了自己的观点“enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future”即未来攒钱的同时更要好好享受当下，D选项“聪明地活好当下的日子”符合文章主题。故选D项。
29．D
30．C
31．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了小猪银行策略，即存钱罐定期的存钱，这样不仅可以让孩子养成攒钱得好习惯，对于成年人来说，为以后的生活定期的存钱也是很有意义的。
29．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.(如果你把钱存到存钱罐里，然后每年以税后1%的利率将1434美元存入储蓄账户一次，你就有了旅行的钱)”可知，存钱罐的策略是定期存一点钱以备将来使用。故选D项。
30．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我父母给了我一个存钱罐，让我知道，如果我想要什么东西，我应该存钱买)”可推知，作者父母这样做的目的是帮助他养成存钱的习惯。故选C项。
31．
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我父母给了我一个存钱罐，让我知道，如果我想要什么东西，我应该存钱买)”可知，有了存钱罐，你就可以慢慢攒钱，买你想要的东西，当然，你必须得往里放钱，所以此处的“something”指的就是钱。故选A项。
Passage 1
（2021·安徽·模拟预测）“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds… Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize(移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid(小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
1．Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One
A．To stress the risk of dying out on Earth.
B．To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C．To show growing intention of moving to Mars.
D．To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．It is costly and risky to colonize Mars.
B．Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C．Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle.
D．All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
3．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph
A．not steady to keep. B．not fit to live on.
C．not easy to approach. D．not safe to set foot on.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Mars, Our Future Planet.
B．Moving to A New Planet.
C．Should We Colonize Mars
D．Stay Home or Outer Space
Passage 2
（2020·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Encouraging life to bloom in the middle of a desert is no easy task. But one company, The National Advisor Bureau, in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a unique plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The firm intends to pull icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its billions of gallons of fresh water. One iceberg could provide enough for one million people over five years, according to the company. And the scheme could begin as early as the start of 2018.
The firm’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and used simulators to check the practicality of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News. Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project, Abdullah Mohammad Shehi said: “we predict that it will take up to one year to tow (拖拉) an iceberg to UAE.” We have made the technical and financial plan. Towing is the best method. We will start the project in beginning of 2018. “We want it mainly for the water. It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”
The UAE is one of the most dry countries and one of the top 10 most water-scarce in the world, due to its extremely dry climate, which receives less than four inches (100 mm) of rainfall per year. Despite that, it consumes more water than double the global national average, putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years. An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water, according to the Abu Dhabi-based company. They take a long time to melt as 80 percent of their mass is underwater, while the white ice above reflects sunlight, reducing its heat. Upon arrival at a specially constructed processing facility, workers will “mine” the icebergs for their water supplies. Blocks of ice will be sliced and placed in giant tanks, before being filtered and processed. “This is the purest water in the world”, Mr Al Shehi added. He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.
5．What is the main purpose of The National Advisor Bureau’s scheme
A．To boost tourism and ease financial burden in UAE.
B．To save endangered wildlife and boost tourism in UAE.
C．To make drinking water accessible to the people in UAE.
D．To get the purest water in the world for the citizens in UAE.
6．What does the underlined word simulator in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A type of mining tool to carve out the iceberg.
B．An electronic device to create and store energy.
C．A vehicle to transport the iceberg from Antarctica.
D．A piece of equipment to test potential conditions.
7．Which of the following helps slow down the melting of iceberg during transportation
A．The special electronic devices to keep the iceberg frozen.
B．The time of processing iceberg before being transported.
C．Much of the iceberg lying under water with ice above reflecting light.
D．The floating of the iceberg in the seawater with a more moist micro-climate.
8．What is the author’s attitude towards the plan
A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
Passage 3
（2020·山西晋中·模拟预测）Long long ago, some have predicted there would be robots on the earth. Nowadays we are familiar with a variety of robots that have some special skills in some science fiction movies and some real robots in our daily life. Some may dream of owning one or two or more robots to free them from something dangerous or tiring, challenging... Here's some good news for them.
Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co, also known as ASD, announced plans on Monday to invest at least 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.
"Besides the new plant in Zhejiang Province, ASD also plans to build ASD Shanghai Intelligent Valley and related logistics(后勤)and research facilities in the region. This ecosystem will cover robotics, smart manufacturing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things,” said Chen Helin, chairman of Shenzhen-listed ASD．
Despite mounting economic uncertainties, China's robot demand will continue to grow thanks to digitalized and artificial intelligence upgrade trends, industry insiders said. China's annual sales of industrial robots will hit 150,000 units in 2020, and 260,000 units in 2025, according to the Shanghai Robot Industry Association. The new ASD factory, located in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, will produce 20,000 industrial robots annually. About 1 ,000 robots manufactured at the new factory will be used in ASD's production line for cooking pots and other devices.
"ASD will join other industry players to attend the China International Industry Fair, which opens on Tuesday in Shanghai. ASD is "still interested in” being listed on the new Shanghai STAR market through spinning off its robot or smart manufacturing business," Chen said on Monday.
9．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To present an argument. B．To introduce some science fictions.
C．To inspire the readers to read more. D．To draw a conclusion about robots.
10．What does the underlined word " invest" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Put in. B．Take in.
C．Bring in. D．Look in.
11．What did ASD intend to do in Zhejiang Province
A．Build a factory in which workers are all robots.
B．Establish an industrial robot factory and related system.
C．Plant trees to make sure its factory has a good ecosystem.
D．Invest at least 500 million yuan to do research into the robots.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．China needs more industrial robots.
B．The China International Industrial Fair is opening.
C．ASD will build an industrial robot factory in Zhejiang.
D．The development of China's industrial robots is speeding up.
Passage 4
（2020·福建·厦门外国语学校模拟预测）People often plan to receive medical exam but don’t, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.
How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks They use carrots and sticks: bonuses, late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often aren’t effective for the situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.
Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health center’s location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.
People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the task—a particularly common problem for complex tasks.
People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.
13．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A．Heavy burden of daily chores. B．Lack of task management skills.
C．Disappointment of over-ambitions. D．Failure to achieve original intentions.
14．What does the randomized tetanus vaccination study show
A．People need to think deeply before they act.
B．Specific reminders help people accomplish plans.
C．Awareness of task significance matters in planning.
D．Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots.
15．What psychological benefit can people get from making a plan
A．They are realistic in the time required. B．They are optimistic about the outcome.
C．They are confident to overcome hardship. D．They are careful with task arrangements.
16．Who may be the intended readers of this text
A．Medical staff. B．Government officials.
C．Ordinary people. D．Social psychologists.
Passage 5
（2022·广东·佛山一中高三阶段练习）AT&T International Day Pass
International travel tips
Use your domestic plan when you travel in over 100 countries for $10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go, then follow these tips to help manage costs and make the most of your travels:
How it works
While abroad, if you make or accept a call, listen to a voicemail, send a text, or use data, you will be automatically charged $10 for 24-hour access to your domestic plan. During that period you can:
● Use your domestic plan data to email, post on social media, translate languages and more.
● Make unlimited calls to countries included in International Day Pass
● Send unlimited texts to the world.
How to help manage costs
● If you are outside of a 24-hour access period and you dn’t want to use your phone, turn off data roaming（漫游）to avoid being charged $10 accidentally.
● Save date by connecting Wi-Fi, especially if you download, or send and receive large files.
How to call, text and use data internationally
● To call or send a message to another country, dial + (country code) (local phone number)
● To use cellular data, turn on Cellular Data Roaming in your device Settings
● To call using Wi-Fi Calling, visit /wificalling for information
How to remove International Day Pass
To remove International Day pass, go to /myatt or call+1.31.925.6925. Once removed, pay-per-use rates will apply unless you add another international travel feature of package to your device. go to /travel for information on pay-per-use rates and products available by country.
Note: INTERNATIONAL DAY PASS: Coverage not available in all areas. Int’l Day Pass may be removed if international talk, text, or data use exceeds （超过）50% of your total talk, text, or data use for two months.
17．With the AT&T International Day Pass________.
A．one can make unlimited calls to any country for $10 a day.
B．the phone will automatically turn on Cellular Data Roaming
C．the phone calling can enjoy a favorable price, saving your cost
D．one can save money by using WiFi to download or send large files
18．According to the travel tips, which of the following is TURE
A．Without International Day Pass, one cannot make phone calls back to the US.
B．$10 will be automatically charged if roaming remains turned on after 24 hours.
C．Pay-per-use will apply when one forgets to remove the International Day Pass.
D．The pass will be removed if the use of data exceeds the average monthly amount.
19．Which of the following groups of people might be in the greatest need of the AT&T International Day Pass
A．People who have steeled abroad.
B．People who work in AT&T overseas offices.
C．People who have relatives in foreign countries.
D．People who make frequent business trips abroad.
Passage 6
（2021·重庆市潼南实验中学校高三阶段练习）Spring break is here! Tommy's mom and dad will also be on vacation from work next week. They want to plan all kinds of fun things to do, like biking, fishing, swimming and playing tennis. They are hoping for some warm, enjoyable weather. However, they cannot decide which activity to do on each day. So, they need to check the weather forecast in the newspaper before making final plans.
The Five-Day Forecast
Monday: sunny all day-high 28°C
Tuesday: partly cloudy with an 80% chance of afternoon storms-high 27°C
Wednesday: heavy rain in the morning, then cloudy in the afternoon-high 21℃
Thursday: partly sunny, clouds in the afternoon-high 18°C
Friday: partly cloudy with strong winds all day high 16°C
20．Why do Tommy's parents need to check the weather forecast for the vacation
A．Because they are going to some place far away.
B．Because they want to read in warm weather.
C．Because they are preparing clothes for Tommy.
D．Because they want to decide what to do for each day.
21．According to the forecast, which day has the highest temperature
A．Monday. B．Tuesday. C．Wednesday. D．Thursday.
22．If the family want to go biking all day, which of the following day might they choose
A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday. C．Thursday. D．Friday.
23．What would the weather be like on Tuesday and Wednesday
A．Cloudy sometimes. B．Windy sometimes. C．Rainy all day. D．Sunny all day.
24．On which days should the family wear sunglasses
A．Monday and Thursday. B．Thursday and Friday.
C．Wednesday and Friday. D．Monday and Wednesday.
Passage 7
（2021·重庆一中高二阶段练习）After almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.
Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day
Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功） now， but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain from credit no matter how small and save for the future.
Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.
People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future
Good questions, aren't they 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.
25．Why do elders teach us to save money
A．Because there are more rainy days in life.
B．Because no one can win streak.
C．Because good days may end.
D．Because money can't buy everything.
26．What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3
A．select from B．hold back C．rely on D．prefer to
27．What can we infer from the passage
A．We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.
B．We should wait to travel until we have enough money.
C．We should live for the future no matter what.
D．We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.
28．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Money is something but not everything.
B．One should save for rainy days.
C．Live in the moment before you live for the future.
D．Live the present wisely for your life.
Passage 8
（2020·陕西咸阳中学高三阶段练习）Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy(策略). There are lessons in that time-honored coin-saving container.
Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. If you wished to climb a 12,000-foot mountain, and could do it a day at a time, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, to collect the $15,000 cost, you have to save $3.93 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.
When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Year’s Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, yes, but you have to put something in it.
Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving Why not an elephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg,” and folks saved coins in pygg jars. The Middle English word for pig was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay, as “pug”, eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in pig or piggy. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born.
Originally you had to break the bank to get to the money, bringing in a sense of seriousness into savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money--- college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.
29．What is the piggy bank strategy
A．Paying 1% income tax at a time.
B．Setting a goal before making a travel plan.
C．Aiming high even when doing small things.
D．Putting aside a little money regularly for future use.
30．Why did the writer’s parents give him a piggy bank as a gift
A．To delight him with the latest fashion.
B．To encourage him to climb mountains.
C．To help him form the habit of saving.
D．To teach him English pronunciation.
31．What does the underlined word “something”(Paragraph 3) most probably refer to
A．Money B．Gifts
C．Financial success D．Good luck
参考答案：
1．C
2．A
3．B
4．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。
1．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星)”以 及“Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there .(火星是最吸引人的目的地之一。NASA, United Arab Emirates, SpaceX 以及Mars One 都有把人送往火星的计划)，可知，这么多机构都计划着让人类移民火星，也就是表明了不断增长的移民火星的意图，故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. (反对去火星的最常见的理由是去那太贵，太危险了)”可知，移民去火星太贵太有风险了，故选A。
3．
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. (火星似乎uninhabited，但是它可能给微生物提供生存之地)”可知，“but”后表明火星可以提供给微生物生存之地，难么“but”前说明火星可能无法提供生存的地方，也就是火星可能是不适合生存或居住的，故选B。
4．
主旨大意题。文章第一段Stephen Hawking的话中“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. (探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径)”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自己。文章第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星) ”表明很多专家支持移民火星的计划。文章第三段中“But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. (但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划)”，紧接着在第三段和第四段分析了移民火星的代价和危害，综合这些段落可知，整篇文章就是讲了我们是不是要移民火星，选项C“Should We Colonize Mars ”我们应该移民火星吗？符合要求，故选C。
5．C
6．D
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了为了解决水资源短缺问题，阿联酋的一家公司计划从南极运送冰川，以获取淡水共当地民众引用。
5．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But one company, The National Advisor Bureau, in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a unique plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The firm intends to pull icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its billions of gallons of fresh water.”可知，但是，阿拉伯联合酋长国的国家顾问局公司提出了一项独特的计划，为该国公民提供饮用水。该公司打算将冰山从南极洲拉到墨西哥湾沿岸，以获取数十亿加仑的淡水。所以阿联酋的The National Advisor Bureau公司计划将南极的冰川运到中东海湾，从中获得大量淡水来解决当地民众饮水问题。故选C项。
6．
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The firm’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and used simulators to check the practicality of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News.”可知，公司经理表示他们已经行驶过运输路线并且使用simulator核实了这个项目的可行性。故推出是用一种测试潜在条件的设备来核实了这个项目的可行性。所以故划线词义的意思是“一种测试潜在条件的设备”。选D项。
7．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They take a long time to melt as 80 percent of their mass is underwater, while the white ice above reflects sunlight, reducing its heat.”可知，在拖行过程中冰川有80%的部分是在水下的，而且上面的白冰反射光线，转移了温度，使得融化的过程放缓，所以冰川不易融化。故选C项。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.”可知，冰川的出现会为当地提供更湿润的气候，甚至会带来降雨，同时如果成功还可以带动旅游业的发展。因此作者对这项计划持支持的态度。故选A项。
【点睛】
推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义和隐含意义的过程。如第4小题，询问作者对这个项目的态度？根据最后一段“He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.”可知，冰川的出现会为当地提供更湿润的气候，甚至会带来降雨，同时如果成功还可以带动旅游业的发展。因此作者对这项计划持支持的态度。故选A项。
9．C
10．A
11．B
12．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了浙江爱世达电气(ASD)计划投资至少5 亿元（7140 万美元$），建设一家工业机器人工厂，以帮助该公司发展长三角地区的“智能制造生态系统”。
9．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “Some may dream of owning one or two or more robots to free them from something dangerous or tiring, challenging... Here’s some good news for them.” 有些人可能会梦想拥有一个或两个或更多的机器人，以使他们从危险或累人的挑战中解脱…这里有一些好消息。由此判断出第一段旨在引入话题，让读者读下去。故选C。
10．
词义猜测题。由下文 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.打造工业机器人工厂，帮助公司在长三角地区建立“智能制造生态系统”。所以推知Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co 计划投资5亿元人民币来建厂。D选项put in 进入、申请、投入、投资，和invest同义。故选A。
11．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “Besides the new plant in Zhejiang Province, ASD also plans to build ASD Shanghai Intelligent Valley and related logistics (后勤) and research facilities in the region. This ecosystem...” 除了浙江省新工厂，ASD还计划修建ASD上海智能谷和相关后勤和研究设施。这个生态系统将涵盖机器人、智能制造、人工智能和物联网。可知浙江爱世达计划建设一家工业机器人工厂和一些配套体系。故选B。
12．
主旨大意题。根据第二段Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co, also known as ASD, announced plans on Monday to invest at least 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.文章主要介绍了浙江爱世达电气(ASD)计划投资建设一家工业机器人工厂，以帮助该公司发展长三角地区的“智能制造生态系统”。故选C。
【点睛】
词义猜测题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
2.根据同位关系进行猜测。阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。
3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测。在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。
4.根据因果关系进行猜测。在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
5. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。文章中的代词it, that, he, him 或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找;也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。
6.根据同义关系进行猜测。当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，由此可推知其大致意思。
7.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测.根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。
如小题2由下文 500 million yuan (US $ 71. 4 million) to build an industrial robot factory which will help the company establish "a smart manufacturing ecosystem" in the Yangtze River Delta region.打造工业机器人工厂，帮助公司在长三角地区建立“智能制造生态系统”。所以推知 Zhejiang Aishida Electric Co 计划投资5亿元人民币来建厂。D选项put in 进入、申请、投入、投资，和 invest同义。故选A。
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。人们经常会有事与愿违的情况，那么决策者该如何帮助人们完成重要任务？越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。人们错误地认为，他们强烈的意愿就足以促使他们去做他们想做的事情，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。
13．
推理判断题。根据第一段中A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.可知有相当多的市民本打算及时填写纳税表格，却忘记了。强迫他们支付不必要的罚款。许多家庭没有在政府截止日期前完成经济援助表格，失去了儿童保育的资助。由此可推知，第一段描述了事与愿违的现象。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第三段中Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance.可知越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。由此可知，破伤风疫苗接种研究体现了特别的提醒可以帮助人们完成计划。故选B。
15．
细节理解题。根据第四段中People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task.可知制定计划的人会从他们的心理力量中获得优势。具体来说，他们可以克服拖延的倾向，也可以克服对完成一项任务所需要的时间过于乐观的倾向。由此可知，制定一个计划能使人们，对事情所需要的时间预计得比较现实。故选A。
16．
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks (决策者如何帮助人们完成重要任务？)和第五段第二句These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.(这些心理学研究结果强调了鼓励计划制定和改善社会福利的政策决策的必要性)可知，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。由此可推知，政府官员可能是这篇文章的读者。故选B。
17．C
18．B
19．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。主要给出一些关于在旅行计划中如何管理成本，充分利用旅行的建议。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Use your domestic plan when you travel in over100 countries for $ 10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go, then follow these tips to help manage costs and make the most of your travels”（当您在100多个国家旅行时，使用您的国内计划，每天花费10美元。出发前将国际日通行证添加到您现有的旅行计划中，然后遵循以下建议来帮助您管理成本，充分利用您的旅行）和“Make unlimited calls to countries included in International Day Pass”（向国际日卡内的国家无限制地打电话）可知，通过AT&T国际日票，电话可以享受优惠价格，节省您的成本，故选C。
18．
推理判断题。根据第三段“If you are outside of a 24-hour access period and you don't want to use your phone, turn off data roaming(漫游）to avoid being charged s 10 accidentally.”（如果您不在24小时访问期间并且不想使用手机，请关闭数据漫游以避免被意外收费10美元）可知，如果24小时后漫游仍然开启，则会自动收取10美元的费用，故选B。
19．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Use your domestic plan when you travel in over 100 countries for $10 a day. Add International Day Pass to your existing plan before you go”（当你在100多个国家旅行时，使用你的国内计划，每天花费10美元。出发前将国际日卡添加到您现有的计划中）可以看出，经常出国旅游的人可能最需要AT&T国际日通行证，故选D。
20．D
21．A
22．C
23．A
24．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tommy一家的休假计划，但是他们需要在制定最终计划之前查看报纸上的天气预报。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“However, they cannot decide which activity to do on each day. So, they need to check the weather forecast in the newspaper before making final plans.（但是，他们无法决定每天进行哪些活动。因此，他们需要在制定最终计划之前查看报纸上的天气预报。）”可知，Tommy的父母需要在假期查看天气预报的原因是他们要决定每天做什么事情。故选D。
21．
细节理解题。根据The Five-Day Forecast中的每一天最后的温度示数可知，根据天气预报，星期一气温最高。故选A。
22．
推理判断题。根据The Five-Day Forecast可知，Monday: sunny（星期一：晴）；Tuesday: partly cloudy with an 80% chance of afternoon storms（星期二：部分多云，有 80% 的几率出现午后暴风雨）；Wednesday: heavy rain in the morning, then cloudy（星期三：上午大雨，下午多云）；Thursday: partly sunny, clouds in the afternoon（星期四：部分晴天，下午有云）；Friday: partly cloudy with strong winds all day （星期五：部分多云，全天有强风）。因此，如果全家人想一整天骑自行车，在星期二至星期五这几天中，星期四的天气是合适的。故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据第3题的分析可知，星期二和星期三的天气为有时多云。故选A。
24．
推理判断题。根据第3题的分析可知，星期一和星期四的天气相对较好，日光充足，Tommy一家人需要戴太阳镜。故选A。
25．C
26．B
27．A
28．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论存钱的重要性及如何生活。
25．
细节理解题。根据第三段“One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say.（人将会度过那些没有阳光但是只有雨的日子，他们的幸运会隐藏在那些厚厚的灰云后面。他们说：要为了那些阴雨的日子存钱。）”可知，长辈们教我们存钱是因为人生不总是阳光明媚和幸运的，这些好日子可能会有结束的时候，故选C项。
26．
词义猜测题。根据第三段“Do not spend too much, live within a budget, refrain from credit no matter how small and save for the future.（不要花太多，生活要有预算。无论多小都要refrain from贷款并且要为将来而存钱。）”可知，作者想告诫我们要为将来而存钱，生活要有预算，花钱需节制。不论贷款的金额有多小都要节制。所以推测refrain from意为“节制，控制”，故选B项。
27．
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“I say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future(要我说，可以旅游但是别把钱花完，偶尔买买奢侈品但也要给必需品留些钱，享受当下但对可见的未来也要有打算)”可知，这正是作者想要传达的理念，钱该花还是要花的，不能只想着为以后攒着，与A选项“我们应该在正确的时间享受一下”相符。故选A项。
28．
主旨大意题。总览全文，作者首先抛出了传统的存钱观念，并对此提出了质疑，在最后一段表达了自己的观点“enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future”即未来攒钱的同时更要好好享受当下，D选项“聪明地活好当下的日子”符合文章主题。故选D项。
29．D
30．C
31．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了小猪银行策略，即存钱罐定期的存钱，这样不仅可以让孩子养成攒钱得好习惯，对于成年人来说，为以后的生活定期的存钱也是很有意义的。
29．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.(如果你把钱存到存钱罐里，然后每年以税后1%的利率将1434美元存入储蓄账户一次，你就有了旅行的钱)”可知，存钱罐的策略是定期存一点钱以备将来使用。故选D项。
30．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我父母给了我一个存钱罐，让我知道，如果我想要什么东西，我应该存钱买)”可推知，作者父母这样做的目的是帮助他养成存钱的习惯。故选C项。
31．
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我父母给了我一个存钱罐，让我知道，如果我想要什么东西，我应该存钱买)”可知，有了存钱罐，你就可以慢慢攒钱，买你想要的东西，当然，你必须得往里放钱，所以此处的“something”指的就是钱。故选A项。