2022届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空 健康饮食（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空 健康饮食（含答案） |  | |
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专题50 健康饮食
Passage 1
（2018·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ____1____(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ____2____ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ____3____ can be to eat out. I still remember ____4____ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ____5____(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to ____6____(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ____7____(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even ____8____ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ____9____(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ____10____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
Passage 2
（2017·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____11____ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ___12___(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required ____13____(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt ____14____(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As ____15____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even ____16____(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ____17____(be) full of fat and salt; by ____18____(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be ____19____(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______20______ is not good for the health.
Passage 3
（2022·新疆师范大学附属中学一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More Chinese, ____21____ (especial) young people, are choosing light meals with fewer carbohydrates(淀粉质或糖类食物) and more vegetables. This trend reflects the fact that anxiety over ____22____(appear) is increasing in society, but it also shows people's increased interest in healthier lifestyles.
Jokingly ____23____(refer) to by young people as "chewing grass," light meals are a healthy alternative ____24____ the dietary habits in some parts of China, such as spicy hotpot(麻辣火锅) in Southwest China's Sichuan Province. Lighter food has become a well-known concept in China over the past few years, with more people ____25____(prefer) food with less sugar, oil and salt, as well as a larger amount of vegetables. It also focuses on restoring the original taste of the ingredients(食材) through much ____26____ (simple) cooking.
Now many companies in China have joined the market for light meals____27____(get) a share of the pie. KFC ____28____(open) its first health-conscious eatery, KPRO, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in 2017. The Chinese retailer(零售商) Luckin Coffee also announced it was entering the light meal industry in 2018, rolling out a series of products such as sandwiches and salads. The topic of "light meals" was ____29____ second hottest topic on Sina Weibo on Tuesday, as people shared their light meal photos on social media. A college student surnamed Chen, ____30____ comes from Beijing, says,“Healthier food is now a popular choice when we go out with our friends. "
Passage 4
（2021·浙江省杭州第二中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填人适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式.
Scientists have some great news for those who love coffee, tea and wine: Having any of these drinks is associated with a ___31___ (healthy) and more diverse community of microbes (微生物) living in the gut (肠道).
The opposite is true for consuming sugary drinks and whole milk, as well as for eating a lot of carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and ___32___ (take) frequent snacks, researchers reported in the journal Science.
"60 food-related factors that influence diversity ___33___ (find) in an experiment last year,” Dr Alexandra Zhernakova, the first author of the study, said in a ___34___ (state). Your microbiome is the community of mostly beneficial bacteria, fungi (菌类) and viruses that live on and in your body. These microscopic organisms help you process food and regulate your immune system. Experts believe that the make-up of ___35___ person's microbial community can also play a role ___36___ mood disorders and other diseases.
But the study of the microbiome is ___37___ (relative) new, and scientists are still working out exactly ___38___ a healthy microbiome looks like.
After analyzing ___39___ (sample) and comparing them with other data collected, the scientists found that consuming fruits, vegetables and yogurt positively influenced microbial diversity in the gut. ____40____ did drinking tea, wine, coffee and buttermilk.
Passage 5
（2021·江苏·泰州中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Inside the greenhouses of a modem agricultural base in Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, grow hydroponic vegetables, ___41___ （range）from ordinary ones to varieties rarely seen on the market. Inside the pools seven species of fish are raised, living with the vegetables ___42___（harmony）.
“Fish farming without the need to change the water and growing vegetables without the need to fertilize. This is the fish-vegetable symbiosis system." said Fung Leung, the ___43___ (found) of the project. "All the vegetables are free of pesticide residues, because once pesticides and fertilizers ___44___ (apply), the fish will die.”
Since starting their business in Jiangmen, Leung ___45___ (witness) the development that has taken place in the city and also in the Greater Bay Area. "Better transportation and ___46___frequent exchanges between the mainland and Hong Kong have also helped us reduce transport costs,” he said.
In 2019 he established a second project in Jiangmen, which covers ___47___ area of 26.67 hectares and is capable of producing 8,800 tons of vegetables every year for Hong Kong.
“Food safety is what people are most ___48___ (concern) about in their pursuit of quality life. Local agriculture in Hong Kong is unable to satisfy the city’s demand for such products in terms of scale and quality. Vegetables ___49___ (supply) to Hong Kong from the mainland must meet very high standards throughout the whole process of production and processing," said Leung. According to him, it is promising business opportunities such as these ____50____ have convinced him to focus on growing organic vegetables in the long term.
Passage 6
（2021·四川德阳·三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡上的相应位置
Eating a healthy diet is far from simple because we actually make the majority of our food choices ___51___ (base) on our preference. Many people don’t even know how great it feels to eat a healthy meal because they ___52___(make) bad food choices for too long.
To really understand the importance of forming healthy eating habits, you need to ask___53___ (you) a question. Why do humans need to eat “The basic need for food could be compared to ___54___ (put) gas in your car. If you put the right fuel into your car, it will spring to life with a single turn of the key and run smoothly for a long time, but if you put soda pop and sugar in your gas tank, it’s going to ruin your car. In this sense, your car and your body are alike. They can both run well ___55___ the right kind of fuel but deteriorate (变坏) over time if you ignore their basic ___56___ (need) of fuel.
If you ignore healthy eating habits, you not only face ___57___ possible future of being over-weight but also run the risk of depression heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and so on. The choices you make each day, from what to eat for breakfast to whether or not to have an extra piece of pie, influence how you feel and perform, ___58___ makes a difference to everything you do. Once you believe eating ___59___ (health) is necessary, it’s time to make some changes to your diet. Instead of cutting out all the “bad” foods you currently eat, it’s much easier and safer ____60____(start) by adding more healthy foods to your diet gradually, such as fresh fruit and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products and nuts. In this way, you’ll be slowly replacing your bad diet with a good diet.
Passage 7
（2021·河北河北·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Many people think that fat-free cookies are a healthier option than a regular cookie, and that____61____(choose)a salad is a much better choice than a cheeseburger. But in fact, there are a lot of foods considered as "healthy"____62____are packed with hidden calories and sugar. Maybe you are trying your best to pursue healthier snacks,____63____many choices are still harmful to your health.
Ideally, snack choices should be based____64____the same principles as meal choices. After all, snacks make up an important part of people's daily food intake.
In addition, every person is unique. There isn't a____65____(recommend)amount for snacking. It depends on a person's activity level, body size, medical situation, schedule and personal preferences. Some people____66____(rare)snack at all, while others gain a____67____(significance)part of their daily food intake from snacks throughout the day.
Keeping track of snacking habits can be beneficial, especially if you include notes that mention how each snack____68____(contribute)to your personal goals. For example, if eating____69____afternoon snack helps you avoid overeating at dinner time, then it may be a wise choice____70____(make).
Passage 8
（2021·上海静安·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The real reason you should never skip breakfast
We always hear that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and now new research has confirmed what we ____71____(tell) for years: skipping that morning meal is a very bad idea.
New guidance released by the American Heart Association and ____72____ (support) by British experts from the British Heart Foundation warns that skipping breakfast could raise your risk of obesity, diabetes and heart disease, the Daily Mail reports. The review, which was led by scientists from Columbia University in New York, also revealed that up to a third of adults didn’t have breakfast, ____73____ snacking throughout the day instead –– resulting in health risks.
After reviewing numerous studies, the team concluded that ____74____ who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were ____75____(likely) to overeat later on. As a result, their bodies had more time to burn off energy from food before bed. The team suggested we should all aim to eat between 15 and 25% of our daily energy intake early in the morning, which roughly ____76____ (equal) 300-500 calories for a woman and 375-625 calories for a man. ____77____ the team didn’t provide a sample breakfast, they suggested choosing meals that were high in vital nutrients, including fiber, calcium, potassium and vitamin D．
Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge, ____78____ led the review panel, said: “Meal timing may affect health due to its impact on the body’s internal clock. We suggest that people eat mindfully, by paying attention to planning both what you eat and ____79____ you eat meals and snacks, to combat emotional eating. Many people find that emotions can stimulate them to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to _____80_____ (eat) too many calories from foods that have low nutritional value.”
Lacking some inspiration for tomorrow morning Check out our collection of fast and healthy breakfast ideas for a fool-proof start to the day.
参考答案：
1．dishes
2．who/that
3．it
4．visiting
5．was shocked
6．have become
7．affordable
8．higher
9．weight
10．for
【解析】
【分析】
作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。
1．考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
2．考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。
3．考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。
4．考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。
5．考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。
6．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。
7．考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。
8．考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。
9．考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
10．考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。
11．as
12．effects
13．to process
14．are removed
15．a
16．worse
17．is
18．eating
19．careful
20．which
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了最近，食品服务行业出现了降低脂肪含量和减少盐的趋势，这产生了一些意想不到的副作用。文章告诉我们要保持健康，就不要走极端，要吃适量的盐和含脂肪的食物。
11．考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以…… 身份”，故填as。
12．考查名词的单复数。分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，所以要用effect的复数形式。故填effects。
13．考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
14．考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
15．考查固定短语。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。故填a。
16．考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。even修饰比较级。故填worse。
17．考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
18．考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。by为介词，后接名词、动名词作宾语，故填eating。
19．考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知，be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
20．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知，___is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在定语从句中作主语。所以用关系代词which。故填which。
21．especially
22．appearance##appearances
23．referred
24．to
25．preferring
26．simpler
27．to get
28．opened
29．the
30．who
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清淡饮食越来越流行。
【详解】
1.考查副词。句意：越来越多的中国人，尤其是年轻人，选择碳水化合物少，蔬菜多的清淡食品。此处应用强调副词especially，表示“尤其”，强调后面的名词短语young people(年轻人)，especial是形容词，表示“特殊的”，故填especially。
2.考查名词。句意：这一趋势反映了社会上对外表的焦虑正在增加，但也表明人们对更健康的生活方式的兴趣正在增加。由介词over可知，此处应用名词appearance，表示“外貌；外表”，且appearance做“外貌；外表”讲时，即可以做可数名词也可以做不可数名词，如果此处当做不可数名词是，应用appearance，如果当做可数名词是，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式appearances，故填appearance或appearances。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：轻食被年轻人戏称为“嚼草”，在中国的一些地方，轻食是健康的，能替代一些饮食习惯，比如中国西南部四川省的麻辣火锅。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词refer的逻辑主语是主句主语light meals(轻食)，且二者之间是被动关系，应用refer的过去分词形式referred，故填referred。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：轻食被年轻人戏称为“嚼草”，在中国的一些地方，轻食是健康的，能替代一些饮食习惯，比如中国西南部四川省的麻辣火锅。Alternative to sth.是固定搭配，表示“......的替代”，故填to。
5.考查with复合结构。句意：在过去的几年里，清淡食品在中国已经成为一个众所周知的概念，越来越多的人喜欢少糖、少油、少盐的食物，以及更多的蔬菜。分析句子结构可知，“with more people___________(prefer) food with less sugar, oil and salt, as well as a larger amount of vegetables.”是with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中more people做宾语，动词prefer(更喜欢)做宾语补足语，且和宾语的关系是主动关系，所以此处应用prefer的现在分词形式preferring，故填preferring。
6.考查形容词比较级。句意：它还致力于通过更简单的烹饪恢复食材的原味。由空后的名词cooking(烹饪)可知，此处应用形容词，作定语，且由句意可知，此处是指轻食的烹饪更简单，所以应用形容词simple(简单的)比较级simpler，表示“更简单的”，作定语，修饰名词cooking，故填simpler。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：现在中国的许多公司都加入了这个市场，为了能分得一杯羹。分析句子结构可知，“Now many companies in China have joined the market for light meals”是主句，空处表示目的，应用非谓语动词to get，作状语，故填to get。
8.考查时态。句意：2017年，肯德基在浙江杭州开设了第一家健康餐厅叫做KPRO。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，且根据时间标志词in 2017可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语 KFC 和动词open(开业)二者之间是主动关系，所以此处应用open的过去式opened，故填opened。
9.考查冠词。句意：随着人们在社交媒体上分享他们的简餐照片，“简餐”在周二成为新浪微博上第二热门的话题。由空后的second hottest(第二热门的)可知，此处是“the+序数词+形容词最高级”的固定用法，表示“第几最……”，故填the。
10.考查定语从句。句意：一个来自北京的陈姓大学生说，“现在我们和朋友出去时，都吃健康食品，这是很流行的选择”。分析句子结构可知，“__________comes from Beijing”是非限定性定语从句，先行词是A college student(大学生)，指人，在定语从句中做主语，应用who，此处是非限定性定语从句不能用that，故填who。
31．healthier
32．taking
33．were found
34．statement
35．a
36．in
37．relatively
38．what
39．samples
40．So
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了经常喝咖啡、茶喝白酒的人的肠道里有更健康喝更多样性的微生物，这对人们的健康是有利的。
31．
考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们给那些喜欢咖啡、茶和葡萄酒的人带来了一些好消息：饮用这些饮料中的任何一种，都与肠道内生活着更健康、更多样化的微生物群落有关。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作定语，结合“more diverse”可知，此处使用形容词比较级。故填healthier。
32．
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员在《科学》(Science)杂志上报告称，摄入含糖饮料和全脂牛奶、摄入大量碳水化合物和经常吃零食的情况则正好相反。空处和eating并列，需填动名词作介词for的宾语。故填taking。
33．
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该研究的第一作者亚历山德拉·热尔纳科娃博士在一份声明中说:“去年的一项实验发现了60个与食物有关的影响多样性的因素。”根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语为factors，是复数名词，和find为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填were found。
34．
考查名词。句意同上。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词“声明”。故填statement。
35．
考查冠词。句意：专家认为，一个人的微生物群落的组成也可能在情绪障碍和其他疾病中发挥作用。community为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且person's发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。故填a。
36．
考查介词。句意同上。play a role in为固定短语，意为“在……中起作用”。故填in。
37．
考查副词。句意：但对微生物群的研究相对较新，科学家们仍在研究健康的微生物群到底是什么样子。修饰形容词new需用副词。故填relatively。
38．
考查宾语从句。句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
39．
考查名词。句意：在分析了样本并将其与其他收集到的数据进行比较后，科学家们发现，食用水果、蔬菜和酸奶对肠道微生物多样性有积极的影响。空处需填名词作宾语，sample是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填samples。
40．
考查倒装句。句意：茶、酒、咖啡和酪乳也是如此。“so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”为倒装结构，表示“……也是”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填So。
41．ranging
42．harmoniously
43．founder
44．are applied
45．has witnessed
46．more
47．an
48．concerned
49．supplied
50．that
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了江门一个现代农业基地的温室里，冯良利用鱼和蔬菜的共生系统，种植了水培蔬菜，这些蔬菜都没有农药残留。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在广东省江门一个现代农业基地的温室里，种植了水培蔬菜，从普通的蔬菜到市场上很少见的品种都有。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，且range与vegetables的关系为主动，所以应用ranging。故填ranging。
42．
考查副词。句意：池塘里养了七种鱼，与蔬菜和谐相处。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填副词来修饰living with，harmony的副词形式为harmoniously。故填harmoniously。
43．
考查名词，句意：“不用换水就可以养鱼，种植蔬菜而不需要施肥。这就是鱼和蔬菜的共生系统。”这个项目的创始人冯良说。根据空格前the可知，此处应填名词，再结合句意可知，Fung Leung是创始人。故填founder。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意：所有的蔬菜都没有农药残留，因为一旦杀虫剂和化肥被使用，鱼就会死亡。分析句子可知，because引导原因状语从句，所以空格处应填谓语动词，结合全句可知，应用一般现在时，apply与主语pesticides and fertilizers的关系为被动，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are applied。
45．
考查时态。句意：自从他们在江门开业以来，冯良已经目睹了这座城市和大海湾地区的发展。根据时间状语“Since starting their business in Jiangmen”可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时，所以应用has witnessed。故填has witnessed。
46．
考查形容词比较级。句意：“内地与香港之间更便捷的交通及更频繁的往来，也有助于减少运输成本。”他说。根据空格前Better transportation and可知，此处考查形容词的比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故填more。
47．
考查冠词。句意：在2019年，他在江门建立了第二个项目，这个项目占地面积为26.67公顷，并每年能为香港提供8,800吨蔬菜。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填冠词，an area of…表示“占地多少”，所以应填an。故填an。
48．
考查固定搭配。句意：食品安全是人们在追求高质量的生活中最关心的问题。be concerned about关心，担心，所以空格处应填concerned。故填concerned。
49．
考查非谓语动词。句意：大陆提供给香港的蔬菜在整个生产和加工过程中必须达到非常高的标准。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填分词作后置定语来修饰Vegetables，supply与Vegetables之间的关系为被动，所以应用过去分词supplied。故填supplied。
50．
考查强调句型。句意：根据他的说法，就是像这种有前途的商业机会说服了他长期专注于种植有机蔬菜。分析句子成分可知，promising business opportunities such as these作句子主语，have convinced作谓语，强调句型it is …that…，所以空格处应填that与it is一起构成强调句型，所以应用that。故填that。
51．based
52．have been making /have made
53．yourself
54．putting
55．with
56．needs
57．a
58．which
59．healthily
60．to start
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了健康饮食的重要性以及如何保持健康的饮食。
51．
考查非谓语动词。句意：健康饮食远不简单，因为实际上我们的大多数食物选择都是基于我们的偏好。分析可知，句子谓语动词为make，且和base之间无and连接，所以空处应为非谓语，be based on为固定短语，此处作状语要省掉be动词。故填based。
52．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：很多人甚至不知道吃一顿健康的食物有多棒，因为他们已经选择了太长时间的糟糕食物了。根据时间状语for too long和句意可知，make choices这一动作从过去持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，所以要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，注意主谓一致。故填have been making /have made。
53．
考查代词。句意：要真正理解养成健康饮食习惯的重要性，你需要问自己一个问题。根据句意可知，句子中动作的执行者you也是动作的承受者，所以此处用其反身代词作ask的宾语，且表示的是单数。故填yourself。
54．
考查非谓语动词。句意：对食物的基本需求可以比作给你的汽车加油。分析可知，此处短语be compared to中的to为介词，所以后面跟动名词作宾语。故填putting。
55．
考查介词。句意：如果使用合适的燃料，它们都能运行得很好，如果你忽视了它们对燃料的基本需求，它们就会随着时间的推移而退化。根据句意可知，此处意为“有合适的燃料”，介词with为“有……”的意思，符合句意。故填with。
56．
考查名词的数。句意：如果使用合适的燃料，它们都能运行得很好，如果你忽视了它们对燃料的基本需求，它们就会随着时间的推移而退化。need做“需要”讲为可数名词，根据their可知，此处要用复数。故填needs。
57．
考查冠词。句意：如果你忽视健康的饮食习惯，你不仅面临可能超重的未来，而且还会有患抑郁症、心脏病、糖尿病、癌症等的风险。分析可知，此处表示“一个可能超重的未来”，所以要用不定冠词表示单数，possible为辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a。故填a。
58．
考查定语从句。句意：你每天做的选择，从吃什么早餐到是否多吃一块馅饼，都会影响你的感觉和表现，这对你做的每件事都有影响。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，且引导词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。
59．
考查副词。句意：一旦你相信健康饮食是必要的，是时候对你的饮食做出一些改变了。修饰动词eating要用副词，表示“吃得健康”。故填healthily。
60．
考查非谓语动词。句意：与其戒除你现在吃的所有“坏的”食物，还不如在你的饮食中逐渐增加一些健康的食物，比如新鲜水果和蔬菜、全谷物、低脂乳制品和坚果，这样做会更容易、更安全。分析可知，该句子为it做形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to start。
61．choosing/to choose
62．that/which
63．but/yet
64．on
65．recommended
66．rarely
67．significant
68．contributes
69．an
70．to make
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何选择健康零食的相关知识。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人认为零脂肪的曲奇比起普通曲奇来是一个更健康的选择，而选择沙拉是比奶酪汉堡更好的选择。分析可知，设空处为句子主语，可以使用动名词或者不定式。故填choosing/to choose。
62．
考查定语从句。句意：事实上很多被认为是健康的食品里面充满了隐藏的热量和糖。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词foods在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
63．
考查连词。句意：或许你正在努力追求更健康的零食，但很多选择对你的健康依然有害。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用并列连词but/yet连接句子。故填but/yet。
64．
考查介词。句意：理想情况下，零食的选择应基于和餐食选择相同的准则。此处考查固定短语be based on“以......为基础”。故填on。
65．
考查过去分词。句意：对于吃零食，没有推荐的量。分析可知，此处作定语修饰名词amount，recommend和amount之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。
66．
考查副词。句意：一些人几乎不吃零食，然而有些人大部分的日常食物就是零食。分析可知，设空处应用副词作状语修饰动词snack。故填rarely。
67．
考查形容词。句意：一些人几乎不吃零食，然而有些人大部分的日常食物就是零食。分析可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词part。故填significant。
68．
考查时态。句意：记录吃零食的习惯是有益的，尤其是如果你总结每种零食对你个人目标的影响。分析可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的mention可知为一般现在时，主语each snack为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填contributes。
69．
考查冠词。句意：例如，如果吃一份下午点心有助于你晚餐少吃，那么这就是所作出的明智的选择。snack“零食”为可数名词，此处泛指“一份下午点心”，应用不定冠词，且afternoon的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。
70．
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，如果吃一份下午点心有助于你晚餐少吃，那么这就是所作出的明智的选择。分析可知，此处应用不定式作choice的后置定语，用主动表被动。故填to make。
【点睛】
71．have been told
72．supported
73．before
74．those
75．less likely
76．equaled
77．Though/Although
78．who
79．when
80．eating
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了据英国《每日邮报》报道，由英国心脏基金会英国专家支持的美国心脏协会发布的新指南警告称，不吃早餐可能会增加肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病的风险。在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。研究人员因此建议人们谨慎地吃东西，注意计划你吃什么以及什么时候吃正餐和零食，以对抗情绪化进食。
71．
考查动词时态语态。句意：我们总是听到人们说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，而现在一项新的研究证实了我们多年来一直被告知的事实：不吃早餐是一个非常糟糕的主意。根据后文for years可知应用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为we，主动用have。故填have been told。
72．
考查非谓语动词。句意：据英国《每日邮报》报道，由英国心脏基金会英国专家支持的美国心脏协会发布的新指南警告称，不吃早餐可能会增加肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病的风险。分析句子结构可知support在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语guidance构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填supported。
73．
考查介词。句意：这项由纽约哥伦比亚大学的科学家牵头的研究还显示，多达三分之一的成年人不吃早餐，而是一整天都在吃零食，这导致了健康风险。后跟snacking作宾语，结合语境表示“在……之前”应用介词before。故填before。
74．
考查代词。句意：在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。根据后文定语从句who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were可知此处指人，作主语，且数量大于一应用代词those。故填those。
75．
考查比较级。句意：在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。结合句意表示“不太可能”可知likely应用比较级形式，在前面加less。故填less likely。
76．
考查动词时态。句意：研究小组建议，我们都应该把每天摄入能量的15%到25%放在早晨，这大致相当于女性摄入300到500卡路里，男性摄入375到625卡路里。equal在定语从句中作谓语，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填equaled。
77．
考查状语从句。句意：尽管研究小组没有提供早餐样品，但他们建议选择富含重要营养成分的食物，包括纤维、钙、钾和维生素D。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though或although，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Though/Although。
78．
考查定语从句。句意：领导这个研究小组的Marie-Pierre St-Onge教授说：“吃饭时间可能会影响健康，因为它会影响人体的生物钟。”此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。
79．
考查宾语从句。句意：我们建议人们谨慎地吃东西，注意计划你吃什么以及什么时候吃正餐和零食，以对抗情绪化进食。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故应用when引导。故填when。
80．
考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人发现情绪可以刺激他们在不饿的时候吃东西，这往往会导致从营养价值低的食物中摄入过多的卡路里。结合句意表示“导致做某事”可知短语为lead to doing sth.。故填eating。
Passage 1
（2018·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ____1____(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ____2____ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ____3____ can be to eat out. I still remember ____4____ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ____5____(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to ____6____(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ____7____(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even ____8____ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ____9____(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ____10____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
Passage 2
（2017·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____11____ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ___12___(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required ____13____(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt ____14____(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As ____15____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even ____16____(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ____17____(be) full of fat and salt; by ____18____(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be ____19____(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______20______ is not good for the health.
Passage 3
（2022·新疆师范大学附属中学一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More Chinese, ____21____ (especial) young people, are choosing light meals with fewer carbohydrates(淀粉质或糖类食物) and more vegetables. This trend reflects the fact that anxiety over ____22____(appear) is increasing in society, but it also shows people's increased interest in healthier lifestyles.
Jokingly ____23____(refer) to by young people as "chewing grass," light meals are a healthy alternative ____24____ the dietary habits in some parts of China, such as spicy hotpot(麻辣火锅) in Southwest China's Sichuan Province. Lighter food has become a well-known concept in China over the past few years, with more people ____25____(prefer) food with less sugar, oil and salt, as well as a larger amount of vegetables. It also focuses on restoring the original taste of the ingredients(食材) through much ____26____ (simple) cooking.
Now many companies in China have joined the market for light meals____27____(get) a share of the pie. KFC ____28____(open) its first health-conscious eatery, KPRO, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in 2017. The Chinese retailer(零售商) Luckin Coffee also announced it was entering the light meal industry in 2018, rolling out a series of products such as sandwiches and salads. The topic of "light meals" was ____29____ second hottest topic on Sina Weibo on Tuesday, as people shared their light meal photos on social media. A college student surnamed Chen, ____30____ comes from Beijing, says,“Healthier food is now a popular choice when we go out with our friends. "
Passage 4
（2021·浙江省杭州第二中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填人适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式.
Scientists have some great news for those who love coffee, tea and wine: Having any of these drinks is associated with a ___31___ (healthy) and more diverse community of microbes (微生物) living in the gut (肠道).
The opposite is true for consuming sugary drinks and whole milk, as well as for eating a lot of carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and ___32___ (take) frequent snacks, researchers reported in the journal Science.
"60 food-related factors that influence diversity ___33___ (find) in an experiment last year,” Dr Alexandra Zhernakova, the first author of the study, said in a ___34___ (state). Your microbiome is the community of mostly beneficial bacteria, fungi (菌类) and viruses that live on and in your body. These microscopic organisms help you process food and regulate your immune system. Experts believe that the make-up of ___35___ person's microbial community can also play a role ___36___ mood disorders and other diseases.
But the study of the microbiome is ___37___ (relative) new, and scientists are still working out exactly ___38___ a healthy microbiome looks like.
After analyzing ___39___ (sample) and comparing them with other data collected, the scientists found that consuming fruits, vegetables and yogurt positively influenced microbial diversity in the gut. ____40____ did drinking tea, wine, coffee and buttermilk.
Passage 5
（2021·江苏·泰州中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Inside the greenhouses of a modem agricultural base in Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, grow hydroponic vegetables, ___41___ （range）from ordinary ones to varieties rarely seen on the market. Inside the pools seven species of fish are raised, living with the vegetables ___42___（harmony）.
“Fish farming without the need to change the water and growing vegetables without the need to fertilize. This is the fish-vegetable symbiosis system." said Fung Leung, the ___43___ (found) of the project. "All the vegetables are free of pesticide residues, because once pesticides and fertilizers ___44___ (apply), the fish will die.”
Since starting their business in Jiangmen, Leung ___45___ (witness) the development that has taken place in the city and also in the Greater Bay Area. "Better transportation and ___46___frequent exchanges between the mainland and Hong Kong have also helped us reduce transport costs,” he said.
In 2019 he established a second project in Jiangmen, which covers ___47___ area of 26.67 hectares and is capable of producing 8,800 tons of vegetables every year for Hong Kong.
“Food safety is what people are most ___48___ (concern) about in their pursuit of quality life. Local agriculture in Hong Kong is unable to satisfy the city’s demand for such products in terms of scale and quality. Vegetables ___49___ (supply) to Hong Kong from the mainland must meet very high standards throughout the whole process of production and processing," said Leung. According to him, it is promising business opportunities such as these ____50____ have convinced him to focus on growing organic vegetables in the long term.
Passage 6
（2021·四川德阳·三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡上的相应位置
Eating a healthy diet is far from simple because we actually make the majority of our food choices ___51___ (base) on our preference. Many people don’t even know how great it feels to eat a healthy meal because they ___52___(make) bad food choices for too long.
To really understand the importance of forming healthy eating habits, you need to ask___53___ (you) a question. Why do humans need to eat “The basic need for food could be compared to ___54___ (put) gas in your car. If you put the right fuel into your car, it will spring to life with a single turn of the key and run smoothly for a long time, but if you put soda pop and sugar in your gas tank, it’s going to ruin your car. In this sense, your car and your body are alike. They can both run well ___55___ the right kind of fuel but deteriorate (变坏) over time if you ignore their basic ___56___ (need) of fuel.
If you ignore healthy eating habits, you not only face ___57___ possible future of being over-weight but also run the risk of depression heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and so on. The choices you make each day, from what to eat for breakfast to whether or not to have an extra piece of pie, influence how you feel and perform, ___58___ makes a difference to everything you do. Once you believe eating ___59___ (health) is necessary, it’s time to make some changes to your diet. Instead of cutting out all the “bad” foods you currently eat, it’s much easier and safer ____60____(start) by adding more healthy foods to your diet gradually, such as fresh fruit and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products and nuts. In this way, you’ll be slowly replacing your bad diet with a good diet.
Passage 7
（2021·河北河北·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Many people think that fat-free cookies are a healthier option than a regular cookie, and that____61____(choose)a salad is a much better choice than a cheeseburger. But in fact, there are a lot of foods considered as "healthy"____62____are packed with hidden calories and sugar. Maybe you are trying your best to pursue healthier snacks,____63____many choices are still harmful to your health.
Ideally, snack choices should be based____64____the same principles as meal choices. After all, snacks make up an important part of people's daily food intake.
In addition, every person is unique. There isn't a____65____(recommend)amount for snacking. It depends on a person's activity level, body size, medical situation, schedule and personal preferences. Some people____66____(rare)snack at all, while others gain a____67____(significance)part of their daily food intake from snacks throughout the day.
Keeping track of snacking habits can be beneficial, especially if you include notes that mention how each snack____68____(contribute)to your personal goals. For example, if eating____69____afternoon snack helps you avoid overeating at dinner time, then it may be a wise choice____70____(make).
Passage 8
（2021·上海静安·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The real reason you should never skip breakfast
We always hear that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and now new research has confirmed what we ____71____(tell) for years: skipping that morning meal is a very bad idea.
New guidance released by the American Heart Association and ____72____ (support) by British experts from the British Heart Foundation warns that skipping breakfast could raise your risk of obesity, diabetes and heart disease, the Daily Mail reports. The review, which was led by scientists from Columbia University in New York, also revealed that up to a third of adults didn’t have breakfast, ____73____ snacking throughout the day instead –– resulting in health risks.
After reviewing numerous studies, the team concluded that ____74____ who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were ____75____(likely) to overeat later on. As a result, their bodies had more time to burn off energy from food before bed. The team suggested we should all aim to eat between 15 and 25% of our daily energy intake early in the morning, which roughly ____76____ (equal) 300-500 calories for a woman and 375-625 calories for a man. ____77____ the team didn’t provide a sample breakfast, they suggested choosing meals that were high in vital nutrients, including fiber, calcium, potassium and vitamin D．
Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge, ____78____ led the review panel, said: “Meal timing may affect health due to its impact on the body’s internal clock. We suggest that people eat mindfully, by paying attention to planning both what you eat and ____79____ you eat meals and snacks, to combat emotional eating. Many people find that emotions can stimulate them to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to _____80_____ (eat) too many calories from foods that have low nutritional value.”
Lacking some inspiration for tomorrow morning Check out our collection of fast and healthy breakfast ideas for a fool-proof start to the day.
参考答案：
1．dishes
2．who/that
3．it
4．visiting
5．was shocked
6．have become
7．affordable
8．higher
9．weight
10．for
【解析】
【分析】
作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。
1．考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
2．考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。
3．考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。
4．考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。
5．考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。
6．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。
7．考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。
8．考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。
9．考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
10．考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。
11．as
12．effects
13．to process
14．are removed
15．a
16．worse
17．is
18．eating
19．careful
20．which
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了最近，食品服务行业出现了降低脂肪含量和减少盐的趋势，这产生了一些意想不到的副作用。文章告诉我们要保持健康，就不要走极端，要吃适量的盐和含脂肪的食物。
11．考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以…… 身份”，故填as。
12．考查名词的单复数。分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，所以要用effect的复数形式。故填effects。
13．考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
14．考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
15．考查固定短语。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。故填a。
16．考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。even修饰比较级。故填worse。
17．考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
18．考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。by为介词，后接名词、动名词作宾语，故填eating。
19．考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知，be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
20．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知，___is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在定语从句中作主语。所以用关系代词which。故填which。
21．especially
22．appearance##appearances
23．referred
24．to
25．preferring
26．simpler
27．to get
28．opened
29．the
30．who
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清淡饮食越来越流行。
【详解】
1.考查副词。句意：越来越多的中国人，尤其是年轻人，选择碳水化合物少，蔬菜多的清淡食品。此处应用强调副词especially，表示“尤其”，强调后面的名词短语young people(年轻人)，especial是形容词，表示“特殊的”，故填especially。
2.考查名词。句意：这一趋势反映了社会上对外表的焦虑正在增加，但也表明人们对更健康的生活方式的兴趣正在增加。由介词over可知，此处应用名词appearance，表示“外貌；外表”，且appearance做“外貌；外表”讲时，即可以做可数名词也可以做不可数名词，如果此处当做不可数名词是，应用appearance，如果当做可数名词是，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式appearances，故填appearance或appearances。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：轻食被年轻人戏称为“嚼草”，在中国的一些地方，轻食是健康的，能替代一些饮食习惯，比如中国西南部四川省的麻辣火锅。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词refer的逻辑主语是主句主语light meals(轻食)，且二者之间是被动关系，应用refer的过去分词形式referred，故填referred。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：轻食被年轻人戏称为“嚼草”，在中国的一些地方，轻食是健康的，能替代一些饮食习惯，比如中国西南部四川省的麻辣火锅。Alternative to sth.是固定搭配，表示“......的替代”，故填to。
5.考查with复合结构。句意：在过去的几年里，清淡食品在中国已经成为一个众所周知的概念，越来越多的人喜欢少糖、少油、少盐的食物，以及更多的蔬菜。分析句子结构可知，“with more people___________(prefer) food with less sugar, oil and salt, as well as a larger amount of vegetables.”是with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中more people做宾语，动词prefer(更喜欢)做宾语补足语，且和宾语的关系是主动关系，所以此处应用prefer的现在分词形式preferring，故填preferring。
6.考查形容词比较级。句意：它还致力于通过更简单的烹饪恢复食材的原味。由空后的名词cooking(烹饪)可知，此处应用形容词，作定语，且由句意可知，此处是指轻食的烹饪更简单，所以应用形容词simple(简单的)比较级simpler，表示“更简单的”，作定语，修饰名词cooking，故填simpler。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：现在中国的许多公司都加入了这个市场，为了能分得一杯羹。分析句子结构可知，“Now many companies in China have joined the market for light meals”是主句，空处表示目的，应用非谓语动词to get，作状语，故填to get。
8.考查时态。句意：2017年，肯德基在浙江杭州开设了第一家健康餐厅叫做KPRO。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，且根据时间标志词in 2017可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语 KFC 和动词open(开业)二者之间是主动关系，所以此处应用open的过去式opened，故填opened。
9.考查冠词。句意：随着人们在社交媒体上分享他们的简餐照片，“简餐”在周二成为新浪微博上第二热门的话题。由空后的second hottest(第二热门的)可知，此处是“the+序数词+形容词最高级”的固定用法，表示“第几最……”，故填the。
10.考查定语从句。句意：一个来自北京的陈姓大学生说，“现在我们和朋友出去时，都吃健康食品，这是很流行的选择”。分析句子结构可知，“__________comes from Beijing”是非限定性定语从句，先行词是A college student(大学生)，指人，在定语从句中做主语，应用who，此处是非限定性定语从句不能用that，故填who。
31．healthier
32．taking
33．were found
34．statement
35．a
36．in
37．relatively
38．what
39．samples
40．So
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了经常喝咖啡、茶喝白酒的人的肠道里有更健康喝更多样性的微生物，这对人们的健康是有利的。
31．
考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们给那些喜欢咖啡、茶和葡萄酒的人带来了一些好消息：饮用这些饮料中的任何一种，都与肠道内生活着更健康、更多样化的微生物群落有关。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作定语，结合“more diverse”可知，此处使用形容词比较级。故填healthier。
32．
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员在《科学》(Science)杂志上报告称，摄入含糖饮料和全脂牛奶、摄入大量碳水化合物和经常吃零食的情况则正好相反。空处和eating并列，需填动名词作介词for的宾语。故填taking。
33．
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该研究的第一作者亚历山德拉·热尔纳科娃博士在一份声明中说:“去年的一项实验发现了60个与食物有关的影响多样性的因素。”根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语为factors，是复数名词，和find为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填were found。
34．
考查名词。句意同上。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词“声明”。故填statement。
35．
考查冠词。句意：专家认为，一个人的微生物群落的组成也可能在情绪障碍和其他疾病中发挥作用。community为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且person's发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。故填a。
36．
考查介词。句意同上。play a role in为固定短语，意为“在……中起作用”。故填in。
37．
考查副词。句意：但对微生物群的研究相对较新，科学家们仍在研究健康的微生物群到底是什么样子。修饰形容词new需用副词。故填relatively。
38．
考查宾语从句。句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
39．
考查名词。句意：在分析了样本并将其与其他收集到的数据进行比较后，科学家们发现，食用水果、蔬菜和酸奶对肠道微生物多样性有积极的影响。空处需填名词作宾语，sample是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填samples。
40．
考查倒装句。句意：茶、酒、咖啡和酪乳也是如此。“so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”为倒装结构，表示“……也是”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填So。
41．ranging
42．harmoniously
43．founder
44．are applied
45．has witnessed
46．more
47．an
48．concerned
49．supplied
50．that
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了江门一个现代农业基地的温室里，冯良利用鱼和蔬菜的共生系统，种植了水培蔬菜，这些蔬菜都没有农药残留。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在广东省江门一个现代农业基地的温室里，种植了水培蔬菜，从普通的蔬菜到市场上很少见的品种都有。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，且range与vegetables的关系为主动，所以应用ranging。故填ranging。
42．
考查副词。句意：池塘里养了七种鱼，与蔬菜和谐相处。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填副词来修饰living with，harmony的副词形式为harmoniously。故填harmoniously。
43．
考查名词，句意：“不用换水就可以养鱼，种植蔬菜而不需要施肥。这就是鱼和蔬菜的共生系统。”这个项目的创始人冯良说。根据空格前the可知，此处应填名词，再结合句意可知，Fung Leung是创始人。故填founder。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意：所有的蔬菜都没有农药残留，因为一旦杀虫剂和化肥被使用，鱼就会死亡。分析句子可知，because引导原因状语从句，所以空格处应填谓语动词，结合全句可知，应用一般现在时，apply与主语pesticides and fertilizers的关系为被动，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are applied。
45．
考查时态。句意：自从他们在江门开业以来，冯良已经目睹了这座城市和大海湾地区的发展。根据时间状语“Since starting their business in Jiangmen”可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时，所以应用has witnessed。故填has witnessed。
46．
考查形容词比较级。句意：“内地与香港之间更便捷的交通及更频繁的往来，也有助于减少运输成本。”他说。根据空格前Better transportation and可知，此处考查形容词的比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故填more。
47．
考查冠词。句意：在2019年，他在江门建立了第二个项目，这个项目占地面积为26.67公顷，并每年能为香港提供8,800吨蔬菜。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填冠词，an area of…表示“占地多少”，所以应填an。故填an。
48．
考查固定搭配。句意：食品安全是人们在追求高质量的生活中最关心的问题。be concerned about关心，担心，所以空格处应填concerned。故填concerned。
49．
考查非谓语动词。句意：大陆提供给香港的蔬菜在整个生产和加工过程中必须达到非常高的标准。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填分词作后置定语来修饰Vegetables，supply与Vegetables之间的关系为被动，所以应用过去分词supplied。故填supplied。
50．
考查强调句型。句意：根据他的说法，就是像这种有前途的商业机会说服了他长期专注于种植有机蔬菜。分析句子成分可知，promising business opportunities such as these作句子主语，have convinced作谓语，强调句型it is …that…，所以空格处应填that与it is一起构成强调句型，所以应用that。故填that。
51．based
52．have been making /have made
53．yourself
54．putting
55．with
56．needs
57．a
58．which
59．healthily
60．to start
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了健康饮食的重要性以及如何保持健康的饮食。
51．
考查非谓语动词。句意：健康饮食远不简单，因为实际上我们的大多数食物选择都是基于我们的偏好。分析可知，句子谓语动词为make，且和base之间无and连接，所以空处应为非谓语，be based on为固定短语，此处作状语要省掉be动词。故填based。
52．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：很多人甚至不知道吃一顿健康的食物有多棒，因为他们已经选择了太长时间的糟糕食物了。根据时间状语for too long和句意可知，make choices这一动作从过去持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，所以要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，注意主谓一致。故填have been making /have made。
53．
考查代词。句意：要真正理解养成健康饮食习惯的重要性，你需要问自己一个问题。根据句意可知，句子中动作的执行者you也是动作的承受者，所以此处用其反身代词作ask的宾语，且表示的是单数。故填yourself。
54．
考查非谓语动词。句意：对食物的基本需求可以比作给你的汽车加油。分析可知，此处短语be compared to中的to为介词，所以后面跟动名词作宾语。故填putting。
55．
考查介词。句意：如果使用合适的燃料，它们都能运行得很好，如果你忽视了它们对燃料的基本需求，它们就会随着时间的推移而退化。根据句意可知，此处意为“有合适的燃料”，介词with为“有……”的意思，符合句意。故填with。
56．
考查名词的数。句意：如果使用合适的燃料，它们都能运行得很好，如果你忽视了它们对燃料的基本需求，它们就会随着时间的推移而退化。need做“需要”讲为可数名词，根据their可知，此处要用复数。故填needs。
57．
考查冠词。句意：如果你忽视健康的饮食习惯，你不仅面临可能超重的未来，而且还会有患抑郁症、心脏病、糖尿病、癌症等的风险。分析可知，此处表示“一个可能超重的未来”，所以要用不定冠词表示单数，possible为辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a。故填a。
58．
考查定语从句。句意：你每天做的选择，从吃什么早餐到是否多吃一块馅饼，都会影响你的感觉和表现，这对你做的每件事都有影响。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，且引导词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。
59．
考查副词。句意：一旦你相信健康饮食是必要的，是时候对你的饮食做出一些改变了。修饰动词eating要用副词，表示“吃得健康”。故填healthily。
60．
考查非谓语动词。句意：与其戒除你现在吃的所有“坏的”食物，还不如在你的饮食中逐渐增加一些健康的食物，比如新鲜水果和蔬菜、全谷物、低脂乳制品和坚果，这样做会更容易、更安全。分析可知，该句子为it做形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to start。
61．choosing/to choose
62．that/which
63．but/yet
64．on
65．recommended
66．rarely
67．significant
68．contributes
69．an
70．to make
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何选择健康零食的相关知识。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人认为零脂肪的曲奇比起普通曲奇来是一个更健康的选择，而选择沙拉是比奶酪汉堡更好的选择。分析可知，设空处为句子主语，可以使用动名词或者不定式。故填choosing/to choose。
62．
考查定语从句。句意：事实上很多被认为是健康的食品里面充满了隐藏的热量和糖。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词foods在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
63．
考查连词。句意：或许你正在努力追求更健康的零食，但很多选择对你的健康依然有害。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用并列连词but/yet连接句子。故填but/yet。
64．
考查介词。句意：理想情况下，零食的选择应基于和餐食选择相同的准则。此处考查固定短语be based on“以......为基础”。故填on。
65．
考查过去分词。句意：对于吃零食，没有推荐的量。分析可知，此处作定语修饰名词amount，recommend和amount之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。
66．
考查副词。句意：一些人几乎不吃零食，然而有些人大部分的日常食物就是零食。分析可知，设空处应用副词作状语修饰动词snack。故填rarely。
67．
考查形容词。句意：一些人几乎不吃零食，然而有些人大部分的日常食物就是零食。分析可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词part。故填significant。
68．
考查时态。句意：记录吃零食的习惯是有益的，尤其是如果你总结每种零食对你个人目标的影响。分析可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的mention可知为一般现在时，主语each snack为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填contributes。
69．
考查冠词。句意：例如，如果吃一份下午点心有助于你晚餐少吃，那么这就是所作出的明智的选择。snack“零食”为可数名词，此处泛指“一份下午点心”，应用不定冠词，且afternoon的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。
70．
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，如果吃一份下午点心有助于你晚餐少吃，那么这就是所作出的明智的选择。分析可知，此处应用不定式作choice的后置定语，用主动表被动。故填to make。
【点睛】
71．have been told
72．supported
73．before
74．those
75．less likely
76．equaled
77．Though/Although
78．who
79．when
80．eating
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了据英国《每日邮报》报道，由英国心脏基金会英国专家支持的美国心脏协会发布的新指南警告称，不吃早餐可能会增加肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病的风险。在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。研究人员因此建议人们谨慎地吃东西，注意计划你吃什么以及什么时候吃正餐和零食，以对抗情绪化进食。
71．
考查动词时态语态。句意：我们总是听到人们说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，而现在一项新的研究证实了我们多年来一直被告知的事实：不吃早餐是一个非常糟糕的主意。根据后文for years可知应用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为we，主动用have。故填have been told。
72．
考查非谓语动词。句意：据英国《每日邮报》报道，由英国心脏基金会英国专家支持的美国心脏协会发布的新指南警告称，不吃早餐可能会增加肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病的风险。分析句子结构可知support在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语guidance构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填supported。
73．
考查介词。句意：这项由纽约哥伦比亚大学的科学家牵头的研究还显示，多达三分之一的成年人不吃早餐，而是一整天都在吃零食，这导致了健康风险。后跟snacking作宾语，结合语境表示“在……之前”应用介词before。故填before。
74．
考查代词。句意：在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。根据后文定语从句who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were可知此处指人，作主语，且数量大于一应用代词those。故填those。
75．
考查比较级。句意：在回顾了大量的研究后，研究小组得出结论，每天吃有规律、健康早餐的人之后不太可能吃得过多。结合句意表示“不太可能”可知likely应用比较级形式，在前面加less。故填less likely。
76．
考查动词时态。句意：研究小组建议，我们都应该把每天摄入能量的15%到25%放在早晨，这大致相当于女性摄入300到500卡路里，男性摄入375到625卡路里。equal在定语从句中作谓语，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填equaled。
77．
考查状语从句。句意：尽管研究小组没有提供早餐样品，但他们建议选择富含重要营养成分的食物，包括纤维、钙、钾和维生素D。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though或although，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Though/Although。
78．
考查定语从句。句意：领导这个研究小组的Marie-Pierre St-Onge教授说：“吃饭时间可能会影响健康，因为它会影响人体的生物钟。”此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。
79．
考查宾语从句。句意：我们建议人们谨慎地吃东西，注意计划你吃什么以及什么时候吃正餐和零食，以对抗情绪化进食。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故应用when引导。故填when。
80．
考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人发现情绪可以刺激他们在不饿的时候吃东西，这往往会导致从营养价值低的食物中摄入过多的卡路里。结合句意表示“导致做某事”可知短语为lead to doing sth.。故填eating。