2022届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解 情感（含答案）
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专题35 情感
Passage 1
（2017·全国·高考真题）I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film - it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other — but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back — he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
1．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first
A．Paul Newman wanted it.
B．The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C．He wasn’t famous enough.
D．The director recommended someone else.
2．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship
A．They were of the same age.
B．They worked in the same theater.
C．They were both good actors.
D．They han similar charactertics.
3．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children.
C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the test
A．To show his love of films.
B．To remember a friend.
C．To introduce a new movie.
D．To share his acting experience.
Passage 2
（2021·上海闵行·一模）As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a detailed understanding of how other people’s assessments of you differ from your own assessments.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically (内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations (渴望). Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period of time as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
5．What do we know from the first paragraph
A．Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.
B．EI plays a key role in professional development.
C．Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
D．You have to turn to others to know which EI to improve.
6．According to the passage, which of the following is an “external reality check”
A．You got help from your parents when making a key decision.
B．Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
C．You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution.
D．Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others.
7．Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the 4th paragraph
A．It’s most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI.
B．It’s hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense.
C．When you want to improve EI, you should take your goals into consideration.
D．Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI.
8．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
B．EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is.
C．The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D．Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.
Passage 3
（2021·安徽淮北·一模）A few years ago, I bought a flat. It was a triumph of hope and determination over property prices, and the peak of a 20-year dream. The day I got the keys should have been the most exciting day of my life and yet, the second I opened the door, panic set in. I spent my first night as a homeowner in a hotel researching how to sell a flat and wondering if it was too late to change my mind.
I didn't sell my flat because I remembered why I had wanted it in the first place — but there are times when we get what we want and it simply isn't right. I've always found a strange disconnect between wanting something and getting it. Wanting is a place of possibility and, in a state of lack, the desire is strong. We imagine how this thing — a new job or relationship — can change our lives and at the same time forget that adding something to our life doesn't mean all our problems disappear. We create a narrative around the desire and, when we get it, and it is different to how we pictured it, we feel frustrated.
For me, this most often occurs in relationships. I have a habit of filling in the gaps with people, rather than getting to know them. I go on a date with someone and, instead of piecing them together brick by brick, I start to imagine what my life would be like with them in it. It shouldn't have been a shock that the reality in no way matched my fantasy — but it was. I knew I wanted out, yet part of me felt committed: this was someone I thought I had wanted for so long, I couldn't walk away, could I
We tend to shame others for changing their minds. I think, however, it's far braver to move towards something that will bring happiness than to stay in a miserable situation to protect your pride. So, when someone tells you they've changed their minds, congratulate them on knowing themselves well enough, and being strong enough, to admit it. It takes a lot to come clean about getting it wrong, but the relief of doing so — of setting ourselves free from a personal-shaped hole, is worth it every time.
9．Why did the author spend her first night as a homeowner in a hotel
A．The flat was under decoration.
B．She wanted to sell this terrible flat.
C．The flat was different from her desire.
D．She was too excited to sleep in the flat.
10．Which of the following is most advisable in relationships according to the author
A．Filling in the gaps with people around you.
B．Getting to know others little by little naturally.
C．Imagining what the life would be like with others.
D．Spending plenty of time to promote the relationship.
11．What message does the author try to tell us
A．Never change your mind.
B．Never give up your first-time dream.
C．It is worthwhile to protect one's own pride.
D．It is brave to step out of a miserable situation.
12．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A new flat B．A personal-shaped hole
C．A proud soul D．An unexcepted accident
Passage 4
（2021·江苏·泰州中学模拟预测）My father Earl was to take two-lane highways all the way from Chicago to New York. "This way," he explained, "we’ll actually see where we’re going. I hate turnpikes (收费高速公路), Virgil." There were other reasons for taking highways: no fee to pay, cheaper gas stations, and a chance to shop for food.
He had me laughing from the moment we left town. I’d never seen him in better spirits. He did imitations, told stories and made remarks to the waitresses in the restaurants we’d stopped in every three hours, highly praising their cooking skills.
Earl asked me to keep an eye out for hitchhikers (搭便车的人), so we might have someone to share the driving. My father had, however, tough standards of selecting hitchhikers. We passed teenagers, soldiers and old men, and each time Earl had a different excuse for not stopping.
Finally, my heart was filled with uncontrollable anger. "Why don’t you ever stop It’s not fair to look at people and then not stop."
Earl looked at my face. "I don’t know. Virgil," he said. "I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.”
Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.
We pulled in for the night some twelve hours after leaving Chicago and checked into a nameless motel. It was in this motel that my father and I spent one of the best nights of our lives. He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs.
The sky was filled with stars. After turning off all the lights, we whispered to each other in bed, like boys who fear they might be overheard. I don’t remember what I said, but I was sure he was listening.
13．Why did Earl refuse to take those hitchhikers
A．He was doubtful about them.
B．He wanted to be with his son alone.
C．They didn’t meet Earl’s tough standards.
D．He had to reach New York as soon as possible.
14．Which of the following interested Earl and Virgil most at the motel
A．Playing cards.
B．Watching TV.
C．Telling stories.
D．Enjoying snacks.
15．What was particularly unforgettable for Virgil during the trip
A．The clear sky that night.
B．His father’s affection for him.
C．The thrill of visiting new places.
D．The card tricks Earl did that night.
16．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To describe a beautiful night.
B．To reflect on a difficult decision.
C．To acknowledge a lifelong regret.
D．To share a memorable experience.
Passage 5
（2021·山东肥城·一模）In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.
Sabahattin Y lmaz was at home one chilly day. After a rain shower had passed, he noticed something landed on the sill (窗台) outside his window—a cold and wet pigeon. The animal was trembling and soaked; it clearly didn’t have the chance to seek shelter before the rain began. Feeling for the poor pigeon, Y lmaz thought of a way to dry him off.
Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.
Y lmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird. He said he had just opened his window when he saw the pigeon around the corner of the sill. He described it as wet and “about to freeze” from the cold and rainy weather.
After fifteen minutes, Y lmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily. However, the bird remained wet still. “I saw that it was still there so I warmed it up again, after the pigeon recovered again, and after eating a good amount of seed, it flew away,” Y lmaz recalled.
He also didn’t know that he was being recorded at the time and that the video was shared online. He simply did it out of the kindness of his heart. “The pigeon is a living creature and deserved to continue living, that is why I did it,” he said.
17．What is the text mainly about
A．An online video about a pigeon became a hit.
B．A man warmed up a wet and cold pigeon.
C．A man invented a creative way to help birds.
D．A man lives in harmony with a pigeon.
18．What was the bird’s reaction to Sabahattin Y lmaz’s behavior
A．It was scared and flew away.
B．It was annoyed and refused his help.
C．It was ready to accept his assistance.
D．It was happy to settle in his home.
19．What can we see from the video
A．A man was filming Y lmaz’s kindness.
B．A pigeon was jumping back and forth when dried off.
C．Y lmaz was warming a pigeon in a novel way.
D．Yilmaz was stretching his arms to catch a pigeon.
20．Which of the following words can best describe Sabahattin Y lmaz
A．Indifferent but creative. B．Patient and ambitious.
C．Talented but careless. D．Sympathetic and warm-hearted.
Passage 6
（2021·安徽马鞍山·三模）It’s hard to overstate just how much Writer’s Digest has survived to make it to its centennial. The Great Depression. World War II. The many wars and societal revolutions of the ’50s, ’60s, and ’70s. The technological revolution and the creation of the internet. The shift from being family-owned business to a corporation with investors. And most recently, global pandemic(流行病).
It is because WD survived all that, that I view this anniversary issue as a love letter to every single person who has contributed to keeping WD alive over these amazing, and tough, and change-filled 100 years. Thank you to the Rosenthal family for starting a magazine—a community—like this. To the publishers, editors, and all the other behind--the-scenes folks who made sure each issue over the many decades was the best it could be, thank you for your hard work and long hours. To the absolutely incomparable list of writers who shared their wisdom, insights, and encouragement: This magazine was made better by your contributions.
But most of all, this is a love letter to our readers. You give the magazine purpose and the motivation to keep going. Without you, WD wouldn’t exist, so on behalf of all the current and former WD staffers, we offer our sincerest thanks.
You’ll see a collection of new columns coming in 2021. We are thrilled to have Bryan Washington, award-winning author of the short story collection Lot and the new novel Memorial, as our first guest columnist. The WD team started planning this issue more than a year ago and putting it together has been a joy. We hope you find as much pleasure and inspiration in reading it as we found in creating it. See you in year 101.
21．What does the underlined word “centennial” mean
A．The first publication. B．The collection version.
C．The 100th anniversary. D．The opening ceremony.
22．What do we know about Writer’s Digest from the text
A．It has a long list of guest columnists.
B．It was once a family-owned business.
C．It is financially supported by the community.
D．It contributed to the technological revolution.
23．What can we infer about the author
A．She used to be a novelist. B．She is with Writer’s Digest
C．She was a business owner. D．She is one hundred years old.
24．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To express gratitude. B．To promote sales.
C．To introduce a magazine. D．To employ new staff.
Passage 7
（2021·河南郑州·二模）I was with my mom one day as we took a walk while window shopping. We both knew we wouldn't be buying much. I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore 5-inch heels and bright clothes. Men wore expensive perfumes and creams that wiped away the wrinkles on their faces. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could deny it no longer and I was ashamed of my mom.
We were in a high-class neighborhood. We lived in a small, expensive apartment building at the edge of our county. Mom chose to move there because she knew the schools were good. I realized for the first time that we didn't belong there.
I could see the heavy lines around my mom's eyes and mouth. She wore cheap clothes and worm-out shoes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet, and her hair was too gray for her age. She was nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she stood out because she was just so plain. I didn't want to be seen with her although there was no one important around to see me anyway. I felt embarrassed about being at her side. We were standing in the middle of a high-end store, and she was holding a sweater.
Mom said, “Anna, this will look good on you. Do you want it ” It Was much too expensive, but I almost thoughtlessly answered “Yes”. Then I took a closer look at the small, tired woman with a big smile and a sweater in her hands, happy to be giving me something so nice. My words died in my throat. Her clothes were worn and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn't wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with spending what little money she had on me. Suddenly, my mom was beautiful and extraordinarily wonderful in my eyes. I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself.
“Do you want it ” Mom repeated.
“No, thanks,” I replied.
25．Why did the author describe the passers-by while window-shopping
A．To stress her mother was plain.
B．To show she envied rich people.
C．To suggest she was curious about others.
D．To indicate she was in an expensive neighborhood.
26．What most likely made the author feel uneasy
A．Studying at a top school. B．Going window-shopping.
C．Being seen with her mom. D．Living in a small apartment.
27．What did the author mean by “My words died in my throat” in Paragraph 4
A．She was afraid of being blamed by her mom.
B．She was too excited to say anything about the sweater.
C．She felt her mom was so ordinary that she stopped speaking.
D．She failed to speak after realizing her mom's great sacrifices.
28．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Misunderstanding Mom B．Refusing Mom's Kindness
C．Feeling Ashamed of Mom D．Going Shopping with Mom
Passage 8
（2021·内蒙古乌兰察布·一模）The last time you got angry, did you stop and listen to what your mind was telling you
Ryan Martin, psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, has spent his career doing just that. It turns out, the thoughts that we have in response to the first flare（爆发） of anger are what can send us over the edge—or help us control the emotion for good, Martin says.
Despite the trouble that it can cause, anger is not actually bad for us. From an evolutionary perspective, it plays an important role in our survival, Martin says: “It helps alert us to the fact that we’ve been wronged. ” When your heart starts to pound and your face gets hot, that’s anger increasing your blood flow in preparation for a showdown (决战). “It’s our fight or flight response, used to energize us to deal with injustice,” he explains．
Anger only becomes a problem when we can’t manage it. Managing your anger, it turns out, is all about managing your thoughts. While anger may inform us of a threat—even if it’s just to our reputation—it’s the thoughts that determine how we respond. That’s why strategies like cognitive behavioral therapy, which teach people healthier thought patterns, can be so successful.
Rather than ignore our anger, Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us. If anger alerts us to possible injustice, for example, it’s not helpful to simply dismiss it. “What I really want is for people to have accurate thoughts, thoughts that accurately reflect what’s going on in the world around them,” Martin says．
29．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A．To introduce a topic.
B．To raise a question.
C．To make a comparison.
D．To put forward an argument.
30．What is the positive side of anger
A．It makes us full of energy.
B．It urges us to fight with others.
C．It warns us if we are treated unjustly.
D．It helps us survive in a dangerous situation.
31．What determine(s) our action when we are threatened？
A．Our anger. B．Our thoughts. C．Our determination. D．Our strategies.
32．According to Martin, what should we do when we are angry
A．Seek medical treatment.
B．Simply ignore the anger.
C．Focus on the world around us.
D．Notice the message anger tells us.
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．A
4．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”制片人不想要我，他想要当时比较出名的演员Paul,因此，可知作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征，这让他们的友谊天长地久。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back”，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文“he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival”是作者举的例子，因此“sharing that brought us together.”that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was,and we didn’t talk about it”可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”，可推断作者写文章是为了怀念这位朋友。故选B。
【点睛】
在完成推理题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。
如小题1中的A项“Paul Newman wanted it.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，他想要当时比较出名的演员Paul，说明A项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。
2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。
3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。
4. 以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。
5．D
6．B
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
5．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level.（随着情绪智力(EI)的概念在全球范围内的普及，我们看到一些专业人士在试图提高情绪智力时失败了，因为他们要么不知道该把精力集中在哪里，要么不知道如何在实际层面上提高这些技能。）”可知，你必须求助于其他人来了解哪些EI需要改进。故选D。
6．
推理判断题。根据上文“This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions.（对于EI的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对自己如何表达和解读互动中的情感成分视而不见。）”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果没有这种外部现实检查，你将很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。”可知，external reality check指的是“外部现实检查”，由此可知，你的老师引导你养成良好的学习态度，符合题意。故选B。
7．
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are.（其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。）”可知，第四段主要讲述了当你想要提高EI时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
8．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.（在我们为公司提供咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的情商优势，这有助于考虑在哪些方面需要改进，以及你想要实现的目标——然后积极地在这些方面建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于理解它们的概念。）可知，作者可能会同意有效的EI发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
9．C
10．D
11．D
12．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。作者认为想要的事物在得到时却发现和想象的不一样，作者劝诫我们改变主意并不丢人。
9．
细节理解题。根据第一段“The day I got the keys should have been the most exciting day of my life and yet, the second I opened the door, panic set in. I spent my first night as a homeowner in a hotel researching how to sell a flat and wondering if it was too late to change my mind.(我拿到钥匙的那天本应该是我这辈子最激动人心的一天，然而，当我打开门的那一刻，恐慌就开始了。当上房主后的第一个晚上，我在一家酒店里研究如何卖公寓，想着现在改变主意是否太晚了)”可知，作者看到房子时与自己预期的不一样，想卖掉它，当晚并没有住在那里，所以作者在酒店度过了她作为房主的第一个晚上。故选C项。
10．
推理判断题。根据第三段“For me, this most often occurs in relationships. I have a habit of filling in the gaps with people, rather than getting to know them. I go on a date with someone and, instead of piecing them together brick by brick, I start to imagine what my life would be like with them in it.(对我来说，这经常发生在人际关系中。我有一个习惯，就是和别人一起填补空白，而不是去了解他们。我会和某人约会，而不是一砖一瓦地把他们拼在一起，我会开始想象有了他们我的生活会是什么样子)”及本段最后一句“I couldn't walk away, could I (我不能离开，不是吗？)”可知，结识某人后发现和自己期待的不一样，不应该放弃这段关系，那样是没有责任心的，应该是和他们约会相处继续了解，而不是靠想象。故选D项。
11．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We tend to shame others for changing their minds. I think, however, it's far braver to move to- wards something that will bring happiness than to stay in a miserable situation to protect your pride.(我们往往会因为别人改变主意而感到羞愧。然而，我认为，与其为了保护自己的自尊而呆在痛苦的处境中，还不如勇敢地去追求能带来幸福的东西)”可知，作者认为，为维护自尊待在痛苦的境况中不做出改变是懦弱的，走出窘境去追求能带来幸福的事情是更勇敢的。故选D项。
12．
主旨大意题。第一段作者用自己买房子的亲身经历说出，自己追求已久的东西得到时发现与自己的期待不符，及第二段“I didn't sell my flat because I remembered why I had wanted it in the first place — but there are times when we get what we want and it simply isn't right. I've always found a strange disconnect between wanting something and getting it.(我没有卖掉我的公寓，因为我记得我最初为什么想要它——但有时我们得到了我们想要的东西，但它就是不对的。我总是在想要和得到之间发现一种奇怪的脱节)”，并由此展开对欲望与现实的关系的讨论，所以那套公寓是一个喻体，是文章关键词。故选A项。
13．B
14．A
15．B
16．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。
13．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”可知，Earl拒绝拉那些搭便车的人是因为他想单独和他的儿子在一起。故选B。
14．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs. (他和我一起看了一会儿电视，然后向汽车旅馆经理要了一副纸牌，还为我变纸牌戏法——我不知道他竟然有这种本领。然后，我和父亲打了一场纸牌游戏，我们感到很欣慰以致于当我们开车出去吃火腿和鸡蛋的夜宵时，我们都带着那副纸牌)”可知，在汽车旅馆令我和父亲最感兴趣的是玩纸牌。故选A。
15．
推理判断题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”和第六段“Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.(听到他说的话，我感到眼泪在我的眼睛里涌出。听到这番话，我感到多么美妙，又多么不安，多么措手不及)”可推断，在这段旅程中，最让作者难忘得应该是作者父亲对作者的情感表达。故选B。
16．
推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。由此推断，这篇文章的目的就是分享一段难忘的经历，表达父子之间的情感。故选D。
17．B
18．C
19．C
20．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子Sabahattin Y lmaz被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。
17．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选B。
18．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.”（在视频中，可以看到Y lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对Sabahattin Y lmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。
19．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon.”（Y lmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Y lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Y lmaz正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird.（Y lmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Y lmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird.（Y lmaz告诉媒体，他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“After fifteen minutes, Y lmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily.（十五分钟后，Y lmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述Sabahattin Y lmaz。故选D。
21．C
22．B
23．B
24．A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。主要讲述了Writer’s Digest杂志庆祝创刊100周年，对读者和所有支持这本杂志的人表示感谢。
21．
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It is because WD survived all that, that I view this anniversary issue as a love letter to every single person who has contributed to keeping WD alive over these amazing, and tough, and change-filled 100 years.”（正是因为Writer’s Digest幸免于难，我将这个周年纪念日视为致每位个人的情书，这些人是的Writer’s Digest历经了100年的艰辛依然顽强存活着。）以及第一段中“It’s hard to overstate just how much Writer’s Digest has survived to make it to its centennial.”（很难描述Writer’s Digest生存了多少年，以迎接centennial华诞。）可推知Writer’s Digest迎接的是100周年纪念。故选C项。
22．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The shift from being family-owned business to a corporation with investors.”（从家族企业转变为有投资者的公司。）可知Writer’s Digest过去曾经是家族企业。故选B项。
23．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But most of all, this is a love letter to our readers. You give the magazine purpose and the motivation to keep going.”（但最重要的是，这是给读者的一封情书。 您赋予杂志以继续前进的目的和动力。）可推知作者就职于Writer’s Digest。故选B项。
24．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thank you to the Rosenthal family for starting a magazine—a community—like this. To the publishers, editors, and all the other behind--the-scenes folks who made sure each issue over the many decades was the best it could be, thank you for your hard work and long hours.”（感谢Rosenthal家人创建这样的杂志。 对于出版商，编辑者以及所有其他后面的人——幕后工作人员，他们确保数十年来的每一期都是最好的，感谢您的辛勤工作和辛苦的工作。）可知作者写这篇文章的目的是为了表达感谢。故选A项。
【点睛】
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者和母亲在一个高档小区，在一次逛街时，因母亲的平凡让作者感到羞愧，而后发生的事情使作者意识到母亲一切都是为了孩子，原来都是对母亲的误解。作者感到不再为母亲感到羞耻，而是为自己感到羞耻。
25．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ladies wore 5-inch heels and bright clothes. Men wore expensive perfumes and creams that wiped away the wrinkles on their faces. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could deny it no longer and I was ashamed of my mom.(女士们穿着5英寸高的高跟鞋和鲜艳的衣服。男人们用昂贵的香水和面霜来抹去脸上的皱纹。一种不舒服的感觉开始在我的胸膛里安定下来。我不能再否认了，我为我妈妈感到羞耻)”以及第三段中对妈妈的描述可知，作者描写逛街时要描写路人是要将母亲和穿着光鲜的人对比，而强调母亲的普通和平凡。故选A项。
26．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“She was nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she stood out because she was just so plain. I didn't want to be seen with her although there was no one important around to see me anyway.(她没有什么特别的，在那一刻，她的与众不同凸显是因为她是如此平凡。我不想让人看到我和她在一起，尽管周围也没有重要的人来看我)”可以推知，最有可能让作者感到不安的是作者被看见和平凡的妈妈在一起。故选C项。
27．
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线句子后文“Her clothes were worn and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn't wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with spending what little money she had on me.(她的衣服又旧又破，因为她花钱给我买了新的。她看起来很累，因为她忙着工作来养活我。她不戴首饰，也不抹香水，因为她满足于把自己仅有的一点钱花在我身上)”可知，作者之前嫌弃母亲的穿着如此平凡，现在看到母亲一切为了自己，因此感到非常羞愧，从而推知划线词句“My words died in my throat”应是描写作者的羞愧心情。选项D“她意识到母亲的巨大牺牲后，竟说不出话来”最符合语境。故选D项。
28．
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段中“I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. (我不再为她感到羞耻，而是为我自己感到羞耻)”可知，作者一开始对母亲的平凡普通而感到羞愧，大街上以及高档社区的人们，无论男女都穿着如此光鲜亮丽。后来发现原来母亲都是想把最好的留给自己，自己一直以来都在“误解”母亲。从此可以看出全文围绕主题“误解”展开叙述。选项A“对妈妈的误解”言简意赅，突出主题，适合做标题。故选A.
29．A
30．C
31．B
32．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，论述了怒火是人们面对不公正待遇时的一种反应，我们需要注意怒火传递给我们的信息。生气时要用思想去管控行为，去觉察世界。
29．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The last time you got angry, did you stop and listen to what your mind was telling you （上次你生气的时候，你有没有停下来听听你的大脑在告诉你什么 ）可知，作者通过第一段提出一个问题：你生气时有没有停下来听你的思想对你说的话。进而介绍了我们需要注意怒火传递给我们的信息，生气时要用思想去管控行为，所以第一段话的作用是引出主题。故选 A。
30．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“anger is not actually bad for us. From an evolutionary perspective, it plays an important role in our survival, Martin says; It helps alert us to the fact that we've been wronged（愤怒实际上对我们并没有坏处。马丁说，从进化的角度来看，它在我们的生存中扮演着重要的角色；它有助于提醒我们，我们被冤枉了）”可知，在我们被不公平对待时，生气可以警示我们。故选 C。
31．
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While anger may inform us of a threat — even if it's just to our reputation —it's the thoughts that determine how we respond.（虽然愤怒可能会让我们意识到一种威胁——即使只是对我们的名誉造成威胁——但决定我们如何回应的是我们的想法。）可知，虽然怒火会告知我们威胁的存在，但是，我们的思想决定了我们的反应。故选 B。
32．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us.（马丁想让我们看看愤怒能告诉我们什么。）”可知，Martin 想让我们看到怒火要告诉我们的信息。故选 D。
Passage 1
（2017·全国·高考真题）I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film - it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other — but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back — he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
1．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first
A．Paul Newman wanted it.
B．The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C．He wasn’t famous enough.
D．The director recommended someone else.
2．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship
A．They were of the same age.
B．They worked in the same theater.
C．They were both good actors.
D．They han similar charactertics.
3．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children.
C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the test
A．To show his love of films.
B．To remember a friend.
C．To introduce a new movie.
D．To share his acting experience.
Passage 2
（2021·上海闵行·一模）As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a detailed understanding of how other people’s assessments of you differ from your own assessments.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically (内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations (渴望). Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period of time as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
5．What do we know from the first paragraph
A．Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.
B．EI plays a key role in professional development.
C．Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
D．You have to turn to others to know which EI to improve.
6．According to the passage, which of the following is an “external reality check”
A．You got help from your parents when making a key decision.
B．Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
C．You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution.
D．Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others.
7．Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the 4th paragraph
A．It’s most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI.
B．It’s hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense.
C．When you want to improve EI, you should take your goals into consideration.
D．Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI.
8．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
B．EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is.
C．The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D．Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.
Passage 3
（2021·安徽淮北·一模）A few years ago, I bought a flat. It was a triumph of hope and determination over property prices, and the peak of a 20-year dream. The day I got the keys should have been the most exciting day of my life and yet, the second I opened the door, panic set in. I spent my first night as a homeowner in a hotel researching how to sell a flat and wondering if it was too late to change my mind.
I didn't sell my flat because I remembered why I had wanted it in the first place — but there are times when we get what we want and it simply isn't right. I've always found a strange disconnect between wanting something and getting it. Wanting is a place of possibility and, in a state of lack, the desire is strong. We imagine how this thing — a new job or relationship — can change our lives and at the same time forget that adding something to our life doesn't mean all our problems disappear. We create a narrative around the desire and, when we get it, and it is different to how we pictured it, we feel frustrated.
For me, this most often occurs in relationships. I have a habit of filling in the gaps with people, rather than getting to know them. I go on a date with someone and, instead of piecing them together brick by brick, I start to imagine what my life would be like with them in it. It shouldn't have been a shock that the reality in no way matched my fantasy — but it was. I knew I wanted out, yet part of me felt committed: this was someone I thought I had wanted for so long, I couldn't walk away, could I
We tend to shame others for changing their minds. I think, however, it's far braver to move towards something that will bring happiness than to stay in a miserable situation to protect your pride. So, when someone tells you they've changed their minds, congratulate them on knowing themselves well enough, and being strong enough, to admit it. It takes a lot to come clean about getting it wrong, but the relief of doing so — of setting ourselves free from a personal-shaped hole, is worth it every time.
9．Why did the author spend her first night as a homeowner in a hotel
A．The flat was under decoration.
B．She wanted to sell this terrible flat.
C．The flat was different from her desire.
D．She was too excited to sleep in the flat.
10．Which of the following is most advisable in relationships according to the author
A．Filling in the gaps with people around you.
B．Getting to know others little by little naturally.
C．Imagining what the life would be like with others.
D．Spending plenty of time to promote the relationship.
11．What message does the author try to tell us
A．Never change your mind.
B．Never give up your first-time dream.
C．It is worthwhile to protect one's own pride.
D．It is brave to step out of a miserable situation.
12．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A new flat B．A personal-shaped hole
C．A proud soul D．An unexcepted accident
Passage 4
（2021·江苏·泰州中学模拟预测）My father Earl was to take two-lane highways all the way from Chicago to New York. "This way," he explained, "we’ll actually see where we’re going. I hate turnpikes (收费高速公路), Virgil." There were other reasons for taking highways: no fee to pay, cheaper gas stations, and a chance to shop for food.
He had me laughing from the moment we left town. I’d never seen him in better spirits. He did imitations, told stories and made remarks to the waitresses in the restaurants we’d stopped in every three hours, highly praising their cooking skills.
Earl asked me to keep an eye out for hitchhikers (搭便车的人), so we might have someone to share the driving. My father had, however, tough standards of selecting hitchhikers. We passed teenagers, soldiers and old men, and each time Earl had a different excuse for not stopping.
Finally, my heart was filled with uncontrollable anger. "Why don’t you ever stop It’s not fair to look at people and then not stop."
Earl looked at my face. "I don’t know. Virgil," he said. "I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.”
Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.
We pulled in for the night some twelve hours after leaving Chicago and checked into a nameless motel. It was in this motel that my father and I spent one of the best nights of our lives. He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs.
The sky was filled with stars. After turning off all the lights, we whispered to each other in bed, like boys who fear they might be overheard. I don’t remember what I said, but I was sure he was listening.
13．Why did Earl refuse to take those hitchhikers
A．He was doubtful about them.
B．He wanted to be with his son alone.
C．They didn’t meet Earl’s tough standards.
D．He had to reach New York as soon as possible.
14．Which of the following interested Earl and Virgil most at the motel
A．Playing cards.
B．Watching TV.
C．Telling stories.
D．Enjoying snacks.
15．What was particularly unforgettable for Virgil during the trip
A．The clear sky that night.
B．His father’s affection for him.
C．The thrill of visiting new places.
D．The card tricks Earl did that night.
16．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To describe a beautiful night.
B．To reflect on a difficult decision.
C．To acknowledge a lifelong regret.
D．To share a memorable experience.
Passage 5
（2021·山东肥城·一模）In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.
Sabahattin Y lmaz was at home one chilly day. After a rain shower had passed, he noticed something landed on the sill (窗台) outside his window—a cold and wet pigeon. The animal was trembling and soaked; it clearly didn’t have the chance to seek shelter before the rain began. Feeling for the poor pigeon, Y lmaz thought of a way to dry him off.
Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.
Y lmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird. He said he had just opened his window when he saw the pigeon around the corner of the sill. He described it as wet and “about to freeze” from the cold and rainy weather.
After fifteen minutes, Y lmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily. However, the bird remained wet still. “I saw that it was still there so I warmed it up again, after the pigeon recovered again, and after eating a good amount of seed, it flew away,” Y lmaz recalled.
He also didn’t know that he was being recorded at the time and that the video was shared online. He simply did it out of the kindness of his heart. “The pigeon is a living creature and deserved to continue living, that is why I did it,” he said.
17．What is the text mainly about
A．An online video about a pigeon became a hit.
B．A man warmed up a wet and cold pigeon.
C．A man invented a creative way to help birds.
D．A man lives in harmony with a pigeon.
18．What was the bird’s reaction to Sabahattin Y lmaz’s behavior
A．It was scared and flew away.
B．It was annoyed and refused his help.
C．It was ready to accept his assistance.
D．It was happy to settle in his home.
19．What can we see from the video
A．A man was filming Y lmaz’s kindness.
B．A pigeon was jumping back and forth when dried off.
C．Y lmaz was warming a pigeon in a novel way.
D．Yilmaz was stretching his arms to catch a pigeon.
20．Which of the following words can best describe Sabahattin Y lmaz
A．Indifferent but creative. B．Patient and ambitious.
C．Talented but careless. D．Sympathetic and warm-hearted.
Passage 6
（2021·安徽马鞍山·三模）It’s hard to overstate just how much Writer’s Digest has survived to make it to its centennial. The Great Depression. World War II. The many wars and societal revolutions of the ’50s, ’60s, and ’70s. The technological revolution and the creation of the internet. The shift from being family-owned business to a corporation with investors. And most recently, global pandemic(流行病).
It is because WD survived all that, that I view this anniversary issue as a love letter to every single person who has contributed to keeping WD alive over these amazing, and tough, and change-filled 100 years. Thank you to the Rosenthal family for starting a magazine—a community—like this. To the publishers, editors, and all the other behind--the-scenes folks who made sure each issue over the many decades was the best it could be, thank you for your hard work and long hours. To the absolutely incomparable list of writers who shared their wisdom, insights, and encouragement: This magazine was made better by your contributions.
But most of all, this is a love letter to our readers. You give the magazine purpose and the motivation to keep going. Without you, WD wouldn’t exist, so on behalf of all the current and former WD staffers, we offer our sincerest thanks.
You’ll see a collection of new columns coming in 2021. We are thrilled to have Bryan Washington, award-winning author of the short story collection Lot and the new novel Memorial, as our first guest columnist. The WD team started planning this issue more than a year ago and putting it together has been a joy. We hope you find as much pleasure and inspiration in reading it as we found in creating it. See you in year 101.
21．What does the underlined word “centennial” mean
A．The first publication. B．The collection version.
C．The 100th anniversary. D．The opening ceremony.
22．What do we know about Writer’s Digest from the text
A．It has a long list of guest columnists.
B．It was once a family-owned business.
C．It is financially supported by the community.
D．It contributed to the technological revolution.
23．What can we infer about the author
A．She used to be a novelist. B．She is with Writer’s Digest
C．She was a business owner. D．She is one hundred years old.
24．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To express gratitude. B．To promote sales.
C．To introduce a magazine. D．To employ new staff.
Passage 7
（2021·河南郑州·二模）I was with my mom one day as we took a walk while window shopping. We both knew we wouldn't be buying much. I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore 5-inch heels and bright clothes. Men wore expensive perfumes and creams that wiped away the wrinkles on their faces. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could deny it no longer and I was ashamed of my mom.
We were in a high-class neighborhood. We lived in a small, expensive apartment building at the edge of our county. Mom chose to move there because she knew the schools were good. I realized for the first time that we didn't belong there.
I could see the heavy lines around my mom's eyes and mouth. She wore cheap clothes and worm-out shoes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet, and her hair was too gray for her age. She was nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she stood out because she was just so plain. I didn't want to be seen with her although there was no one important around to see me anyway. I felt embarrassed about being at her side. We were standing in the middle of a high-end store, and she was holding a sweater.
Mom said, “Anna, this will look good on you. Do you want it ” It Was much too expensive, but I almost thoughtlessly answered “Yes”. Then I took a closer look at the small, tired woman with a big smile and a sweater in her hands, happy to be giving me something so nice. My words died in my throat. Her clothes were worn and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn't wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with spending what little money she had on me. Suddenly, my mom was beautiful and extraordinarily wonderful in my eyes. I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself.
“Do you want it ” Mom repeated.
“No, thanks,” I replied.
25．Why did the author describe the passers-by while window-shopping
A．To stress her mother was plain.
B．To show she envied rich people.
C．To suggest she was curious about others.
D．To indicate she was in an expensive neighborhood.
26．What most likely made the author feel uneasy
A．Studying at a top school. B．Going window-shopping.
C．Being seen with her mom. D．Living in a small apartment.
27．What did the author mean by “My words died in my throat” in Paragraph 4
A．She was afraid of being blamed by her mom.
B．She was too excited to say anything about the sweater.
C．She felt her mom was so ordinary that she stopped speaking.
D．She failed to speak after realizing her mom's great sacrifices.
28．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Misunderstanding Mom B．Refusing Mom's Kindness
C．Feeling Ashamed of Mom D．Going Shopping with Mom
Passage 8
（2021·内蒙古乌兰察布·一模）The last time you got angry, did you stop and listen to what your mind was telling you
Ryan Martin, psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, has spent his career doing just that. It turns out, the thoughts that we have in response to the first flare（爆发） of anger are what can send us over the edge—or help us control the emotion for good, Martin says.
Despite the trouble that it can cause, anger is not actually bad for us. From an evolutionary perspective, it plays an important role in our survival, Martin says: “It helps alert us to the fact that we’ve been wronged. ” When your heart starts to pound and your face gets hot, that’s anger increasing your blood flow in preparation for a showdown (决战). “It’s our fight or flight response, used to energize us to deal with injustice,” he explains．
Anger only becomes a problem when we can’t manage it. Managing your anger, it turns out, is all about managing your thoughts. While anger may inform us of a threat—even if it’s just to our reputation—it’s the thoughts that determine how we respond. That’s why strategies like cognitive behavioral therapy, which teach people healthier thought patterns, can be so successful.
Rather than ignore our anger, Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us. If anger alerts us to possible injustice, for example, it’s not helpful to simply dismiss it. “What I really want is for people to have accurate thoughts, thoughts that accurately reflect what’s going on in the world around them,” Martin says．
29．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A．To introduce a topic.
B．To raise a question.
C．To make a comparison.
D．To put forward an argument.
30．What is the positive side of anger
A．It makes us full of energy.
B．It urges us to fight with others.
C．It warns us if we are treated unjustly.
D．It helps us survive in a dangerous situation.
31．What determine(s) our action when we are threatened？
A．Our anger. B．Our thoughts. C．Our determination. D．Our strategies.
32．According to Martin, what should we do when we are angry
A．Seek medical treatment.
B．Simply ignore the anger.
C．Focus on the world around us.
D．Notice the message anger tells us.
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．A
4．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”制片人不想要我，他想要当时比较出名的演员Paul,因此，可知作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征，这让他们的友谊天长地久。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back”，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文“he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival”是作者举的例子，因此“sharing that brought us together.”that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was,and we didn’t talk about it”可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”，可推断作者写文章是为了怀念这位朋友。故选B。
【点睛】
在完成推理题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。
如小题1中的A项“Paul Newman wanted it.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，他想要当时比较出名的演员Paul，说明A项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。
2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。
3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。
4. 以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。
5．D
6．B
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
5．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level.（随着情绪智力(EI)的概念在全球范围内的普及，我们看到一些专业人士在试图提高情绪智力时失败了，因为他们要么不知道该把精力集中在哪里，要么不知道如何在实际层面上提高这些技能。）”可知，你必须求助于其他人来了解哪些EI需要改进。故选D。
6．
推理判断题。根据上文“This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions.（对于EI的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对自己如何表达和解读互动中的情感成分视而不见。）”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果没有这种外部现实检查，你将很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。”可知，external reality check指的是“外部现实检查”，由此可知，你的老师引导你养成良好的学习态度，符合题意。故选B。
7．
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are.（其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。）”可知，第四段主要讲述了当你想要提高EI时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
8．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.（在我们为公司提供咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的情商优势，这有助于考虑在哪些方面需要改进，以及你想要实现的目标——然后积极地在这些方面建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于理解它们的概念。）可知，作者可能会同意有效的EI发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
9．C
10．D
11．D
12．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。作者认为想要的事物在得到时却发现和想象的不一样，作者劝诫我们改变主意并不丢人。
9．
细节理解题。根据第一段“The day I got the keys should have been the most exciting day of my life and yet, the second I opened the door, panic set in. I spent my first night as a homeowner in a hotel researching how to sell a flat and wondering if it was too late to change my mind.(我拿到钥匙的那天本应该是我这辈子最激动人心的一天，然而，当我打开门的那一刻，恐慌就开始了。当上房主后的第一个晚上，我在一家酒店里研究如何卖公寓，想着现在改变主意是否太晚了)”可知，作者看到房子时与自己预期的不一样，想卖掉它，当晚并没有住在那里，所以作者在酒店度过了她作为房主的第一个晚上。故选C项。
10．
推理判断题。根据第三段“For me, this most often occurs in relationships. I have a habit of filling in the gaps with people, rather than getting to know them. I go on a date with someone and, instead of piecing them together brick by brick, I start to imagine what my life would be like with them in it.(对我来说，这经常发生在人际关系中。我有一个习惯，就是和别人一起填补空白，而不是去了解他们。我会和某人约会，而不是一砖一瓦地把他们拼在一起，我会开始想象有了他们我的生活会是什么样子)”及本段最后一句“I couldn't walk away, could I (我不能离开，不是吗？)”可知，结识某人后发现和自己期待的不一样，不应该放弃这段关系，那样是没有责任心的，应该是和他们约会相处继续了解，而不是靠想象。故选D项。
11．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We tend to shame others for changing their minds. I think, however, it's far braver to move to- wards something that will bring happiness than to stay in a miserable situation to protect your pride.(我们往往会因为别人改变主意而感到羞愧。然而，我认为，与其为了保护自己的自尊而呆在痛苦的处境中，还不如勇敢地去追求能带来幸福的东西)”可知，作者认为，为维护自尊待在痛苦的境况中不做出改变是懦弱的，走出窘境去追求能带来幸福的事情是更勇敢的。故选D项。
12．
主旨大意题。第一段作者用自己买房子的亲身经历说出，自己追求已久的东西得到时发现与自己的期待不符，及第二段“I didn't sell my flat because I remembered why I had wanted it in the first place — but there are times when we get what we want and it simply isn't right. I've always found a strange disconnect between wanting something and getting it.(我没有卖掉我的公寓，因为我记得我最初为什么想要它——但有时我们得到了我们想要的东西，但它就是不对的。我总是在想要和得到之间发现一种奇怪的脱节)”，并由此展开对欲望与现实的关系的讨论，所以那套公寓是一个喻体，是文章关键词。故选A项。
13．B
14．A
15．B
16．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。
13．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”可知，Earl拒绝拉那些搭便车的人是因为他想单独和他的儿子在一起。故选B。
14．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs. (他和我一起看了一会儿电视，然后向汽车旅馆经理要了一副纸牌，还为我变纸牌戏法——我不知道他竟然有这种本领。然后，我和父亲打了一场纸牌游戏，我们感到很欣慰以致于当我们开车出去吃火腿和鸡蛋的夜宵时，我们都带着那副纸牌)”可知，在汽车旅馆令我和父亲最感兴趣的是玩纸牌。故选A。
15．
推理判断题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”和第六段“Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.(听到他说的话，我感到眼泪在我的眼睛里涌出。听到这番话，我感到多么美妙，又多么不安，多么措手不及)”可推断，在这段旅程中，最让作者难忘得应该是作者父亲对作者的情感表达。故选B。
16．
推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。由此推断，这篇文章的目的就是分享一段难忘的经历，表达父子之间的情感。故选D。
17．B
18．C
19．C
20．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子Sabahattin Y lmaz被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。
17．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选B。
18．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.”（在视频中，可以看到Y lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对Sabahattin Y lmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。
19．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Y lmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon.”（Y lmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Y lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Y lmaz正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Y lmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird.（Y lmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Y lmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird.（Y lmaz告诉媒体，他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“After fifteen minutes, Y lmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily.（十五分钟后，Y lmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述Sabahattin Y lmaz。故选D。
21．C
22．B
23．B
24．A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。主要讲述了Writer’s Digest杂志庆祝创刊100周年，对读者和所有支持这本杂志的人表示感谢。
21．
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It is because WD survived all that, that I view this anniversary issue as a love letter to every single person who has contributed to keeping WD alive over these amazing, and tough, and change-filled 100 years.”（正是因为Writer’s Digest幸免于难，我将这个周年纪念日视为致每位个人的情书，这些人是的Writer’s Digest历经了100年的艰辛依然顽强存活着。）以及第一段中“It’s hard to overstate just how much Writer’s Digest has survived to make it to its centennial.”（很难描述Writer’s Digest生存了多少年，以迎接centennial华诞。）可推知Writer’s Digest迎接的是100周年纪念。故选C项。
22．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The shift from being family-owned business to a corporation with investors.”（从家族企业转变为有投资者的公司。）可知Writer’s Digest过去曾经是家族企业。故选B项。
23．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But most of all, this is a love letter to our readers. You give the magazine purpose and the motivation to keep going.”（但最重要的是，这是给读者的一封情书。 您赋予杂志以继续前进的目的和动力。）可推知作者就职于Writer’s Digest。故选B项。
24．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thank you to the Rosenthal family for starting a magazine—a community—like this. To the publishers, editors, and all the other behind--the-scenes folks who made sure each issue over the many decades was the best it could be, thank you for your hard work and long hours.”（感谢Rosenthal家人创建这样的杂志。 对于出版商，编辑者以及所有其他后面的人——幕后工作人员，他们确保数十年来的每一期都是最好的，感谢您的辛勤工作和辛苦的工作。）可知作者写这篇文章的目的是为了表达感谢。故选A项。
【点睛】
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者和母亲在一个高档小区，在一次逛街时，因母亲的平凡让作者感到羞愧，而后发生的事情使作者意识到母亲一切都是为了孩子，原来都是对母亲的误解。作者感到不再为母亲感到羞耻，而是为自己感到羞耻。
25．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ladies wore 5-inch heels and bright clothes. Men wore expensive perfumes and creams that wiped away the wrinkles on their faces. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could deny it no longer and I was ashamed of my mom.(女士们穿着5英寸高的高跟鞋和鲜艳的衣服。男人们用昂贵的香水和面霜来抹去脸上的皱纹。一种不舒服的感觉开始在我的胸膛里安定下来。我不能再否认了，我为我妈妈感到羞耻)”以及第三段中对妈妈的描述可知，作者描写逛街时要描写路人是要将母亲和穿着光鲜的人对比，而强调母亲的普通和平凡。故选A项。
26．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“She was nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she stood out because she was just so plain. I didn't want to be seen with her although there was no one important around to see me anyway.(她没有什么特别的，在那一刻，她的与众不同凸显是因为她是如此平凡。我不想让人看到我和她在一起，尽管周围也没有重要的人来看我)”可以推知，最有可能让作者感到不安的是作者被看见和平凡的妈妈在一起。故选C项。
27．
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线句子后文“Her clothes were worn and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn't wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with spending what little money she had on me.(她的衣服又旧又破，因为她花钱给我买了新的。她看起来很累，因为她忙着工作来养活我。她不戴首饰，也不抹香水，因为她满足于把自己仅有的一点钱花在我身上)”可知，作者之前嫌弃母亲的穿着如此平凡，现在看到母亲一切为了自己，因此感到非常羞愧，从而推知划线词句“My words died in my throat”应是描写作者的羞愧心情。选项D“她意识到母亲的巨大牺牲后，竟说不出话来”最符合语境。故选D项。
28．
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段中“I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. (我不再为她感到羞耻，而是为我自己感到羞耻)”可知，作者一开始对母亲的平凡普通而感到羞愧，大街上以及高档社区的人们，无论男女都穿着如此光鲜亮丽。后来发现原来母亲都是想把最好的留给自己，自己一直以来都在“误解”母亲。从此可以看出全文围绕主题“误解”展开叙述。选项A“对妈妈的误解”言简意赅，突出主题，适合做标题。故选A.
29．A
30．C
31．B
32．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，论述了怒火是人们面对不公正待遇时的一种反应，我们需要注意怒火传递给我们的信息。生气时要用思想去管控行为，去觉察世界。
29．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The last time you got angry, did you stop and listen to what your mind was telling you （上次你生气的时候，你有没有停下来听听你的大脑在告诉你什么 ）可知，作者通过第一段提出一个问题：你生气时有没有停下来听你的思想对你说的话。进而介绍了我们需要注意怒火传递给我们的信息，生气时要用思想去管控行为，所以第一段话的作用是引出主题。故选 A。
30．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“anger is not actually bad for us. From an evolutionary perspective, it plays an important role in our survival, Martin says; It helps alert us to the fact that we've been wronged（愤怒实际上对我们并没有坏处。马丁说，从进化的角度来看，它在我们的生存中扮演着重要的角色；它有助于提醒我们，我们被冤枉了）”可知，在我们被不公平对待时，生气可以警示我们。故选 C。
31．
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While anger may inform us of a threat — even if it's just to our reputation —it's the thoughts that determine how we respond.（虽然愤怒可能会让我们意识到一种威胁——即使只是对我们的名誉造成威胁——但决定我们如何回应的是我们的想法。）可知，虽然怒火会告知我们威胁的存在，但是，我们的思想决定了我们的反应。故选 B。
32．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us.（马丁想让我们看看愤怒能告诉我们什么。）”可知，Martin 想让我们看到怒火要告诉我们的信息。故选 D。