人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1 What's the matter?知识总结与练习

人教版英语 八年级下册
Unit1What’s the matter？
重点知识讲解与练习
一、重点短语
1. have a fever 发烧
2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 说得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼
8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息
11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
12. see a dentist 看牙医
13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片
14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热
17. sound like 听起来像
18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式
20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边
23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的
28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于
29. in time 及时
30. save a life 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦
32. right away 立刻；马上
33. because of 由于
34. get out of 离开;从……出萍
35. give up 放弃
36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎
37. fa ll down 摔倒
38. feel sick 感到恶心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰
42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难
43. mountain climbing 登山运动
44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
46. so that 以便 so. . . that 如此… …以至于…
47. be in control of 掌管;管理
48. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮
49. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事
50. make a decision 做出决定
51. take risks 冒险
二．重点知识
1. What’s the matter 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
What’s the matter with you = What’s the trouble with you = What’ s wrong with you
【巩固练习】
1. —what’s the matter ______ Tom. He is wet through.
—His car ran _______ the river.
A. with; across B.to; into C.with; into D..without,in
2. — ______
— Nothing serious , but a bit tired.
—Better have a rest now, dear.
A. Is that all B. Is there anything else C. What’s this D. What’s the matter with you
matter的用法
(1) It doesn’t matter 没关系
( ) 1. — I’m sorry to break your pen. —_______
A. That’s right B. It doesn’t matter C. Thank you D. That’s Ok
（ ）2. —Please don't throw paper on the ground.
—________，I won't.
A. Excuse me B. That's all right C. Sorry D. It doesn't matter
(2) as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上
2. I have a cold 我感冒了 I have a stomachache I have a sore back.
【解析1】have a cold 受凉;感冒
have a/an + 疾病名词 “患……病” (cold/fever/cough)
have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 背痛
have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒
have a stomachache 胃痛 have a toothache牙痛
have a headache 头痛 have a backache背痛
1）I didn’t sleep well last night, because I _____ a toothache .
A. was B. went C. had D. took
2）—Tony, What’s ___ matter with you — I have _____ toothache.
A. a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
3. She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.
【解析1】too much/too many/much too
too much 太多
后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days
修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
much too 太
修饰形容词或副词 It’s much too cold in winter.
1） Mr. Smith eats ______ food, so he’s _____ fat.
A .much too; too much B .too many; much too
C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too
2） —Why are you so tired these days
—Well, I have ________ homework to do.
A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too
3）— The meat is ____ delicious. — Yes, but don’t eat _____.
A. too much; too much B. much too; too much
C. too much ; much too D. much too; much too
【解析2】enough 的用法
(1) adj.足够的，充分的 z修饰名词，放在其前后均可enough time/ time enough
(2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当” 修饰形容词、副词；放在所修饰词的后面。expensive enough，quickly enough
1） The boy isn’t ___ to dress himself.
A. old enough B. enough old C. old
2）—What do you think of the lecture
— I think it’s _____ , but someone thinks it’s much too _____.
A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring
C. wonderful; enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored
4. drink some hot tea with honey.
【解析】with ：
⑴prep “具有， 带有”
a house with three windows She is a girl with long hair.
1) He has a sore throat. He should ______.
A. see a dentist B. drink hot tea with honey C. drink a lot of milk D. eat nothing
2) — Would you like some coffee
— Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee ____ milk.
A. with B. to C. of D. on
3) —Which would you prefer, coffee or orange juice
— Either _________ OK, but I prefer coffee __________milk in it.
A.are, with B. is, to .is, with D. are, to
⑵ prep. 和......一起
I like to talk freely with my friends.
⑶ prep 用......， 表示“使用某种工具”
Cut it with a knife.
5. What should she do
Should I take my temperature
【解析1】should “应该” 情态动词，后跟动词原形，变疑问句时把should 提前，变为否定句时，在其后加not.
You shouldn’t’ t go out at night. You should lie down and rest.
Should we have a rest No, we shouldn’t.
1) You ____ be quiet when you are in the reading room.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. can D. can’t
2) You _____ drive your car so fast. It’s very dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mightn’t
6. No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever.
【解析1】sound like 听起来像,like 后可跟句子。It sounds like a good idea.
【拓展】 “感官动词+ like
摸起来像____________ 闻起来像___________
看起来像_________ 尝起来像___________
7. You need to take break away from the computer.
【解析】need
v实义动词，需要
(1) need sth 需要某物 I need your help.
(2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth Do you need to drink more water
(3) 物做主语，需要被… sth need doing sth My TV set needs repairing.
①I need ______(come) to the office quickly because some work need _______(finish) at once.
②David needs ______ a good rest.
A. has B. to have C. have D. having
情态动词(多用于否定句)
needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要 . must 引导的疑问句否定回答用 needn’t
— Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao
— No, you ______ .You may give it to me tomorrow.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. may no
2) —Must I hand it in today
—No. you _____ . You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn’t
3) —Must I finish my homework now
—No, you ______. You can go home now.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
8.see （saw） v 看见 (区别look)
see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）
see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）
1) Andy prefers _____ books to ____ TV.
A. reading; watching B. read; watch C. looking; seeing D. look; see
2) Seeing their teacher ___ into the classroom, they stopped ___ at once.
A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking
9. liev.躺
现在分词lying lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息
10.Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.
【解析】24-year-old 24岁的
“数词+名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，用连字符后连接，名词用单数。
( )① Tom,____ boy, is the only child of the family.
A. a five years old B. a five-year-old C. a five-year-olds
( )② My brother has a _____ son.
A. four-years-old B. fourth-year-old C. four-year-old D. four-year-olds
11. He got off and asked the woman what happened.
【解析】get off 下车 get on 上车
Don’t forget to take your bag when you ___ the bus.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off
【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up起床 get back回来；取回 get on／along well with与……相处融洽 get in a word插话 get to到达
If Ted can _______ his difficulties, he’ll make great progress.
A. come over B. get over C. get off D. come out
12. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
【解析1】surprise
surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me.
be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地
__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.
We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise)
3) ___his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.
A. At B. To C. In D. On
4) The fans were ____ to know the death of their favorite singing starWhitney Huston.
A. glad B. angry C. excited D. surprised
【解析2】agree v– agreement n同意
(1) agree with sb. 同意某人意见、看法 I agree with you.
(2)agree to do sth 同意做某事
1) — Do you agree with him
— No, I ___________ (agree) with him.
—I think English is more useful than Chinese.
—I don’t ____ you. They are both useful.
A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with
13. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctor saved the man in time.
【解析1】 thanks to 对亏；由于 thanks for感谢……….
_____ her husband，she has now become a famous film star.
A. Because B. Thanks to C. Thanks for D. With the help
【解析2】on time in time
on time准时（在规定的时间之内） 强调与某个时刻一致
in time 及时（恰在时间点上） 表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生
1) 1I knew it was impossible for me __________(按时上班) when I missed the last bus.
2) Tom didn’t go to school _____ this morning because he overslept.
A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present
14. But the driver didn’t think about himself.
【解析】 think about 考虑；认为,想起
【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑
think up = come up with 想出
【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行
( ) ①We need______________(想出) a plan.
( )②My mother __________a good idea which we all agreed to.
A. thought about B. thought up C. thought hard
15. Someone felt sick.
【解析】feel sick 生病；不舒服，恶心，难受。
sick /ill adj. 生病的 sick person = patient“病人”
I think her_______(ill) is very serious. 我认为她的病是很严重。
②The ___ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. sick B. ill C. good D. well
16. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.
【解析1】 who 引导的定语从句 修饰man.此句句意为：阿伦罗尔斯顿是位热爱爬山的美国人
17. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
【解析1】 as prep，"作为"，"以……身份"。
___ a teacher, Mr. Wang thinks it's very important to teach the students how to learn.
A. From B. With C. As D. Of
He works __________ a bus driver.
As B. like C. with D. for
【解析2】be used to (doing)习惯于（做）；适应于（做）
(1) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。
I used to get up at six.
(4) be /get used to doing sth 现在习惯于做某事
My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.
He used to wear glasses. But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.（隐形眼镜）
---How does Jack usually go to work
---He ______ drive a car, but now he ______ there to lose weight.
A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walking
C. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking
2) My parents______getting up early on weekdays
A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to
3) She ____ live alone. But she _____ living alone because she feels lonely.
A. used to; doesn’t used to B. is used to; was used to
C. used to; is not used to D. was used to; doesn’t used to
18. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports.
【解析】one of … ......之一
【结构】“one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数” ，……之一。 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
One of the most popular colors is red in China.
A good book may be one of your best __________(friend).
2) －Oh! It’s one of ______ films I’ve ever seen.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
19. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
【解析1】so that 以便，为了 引导目的状语从句, 从句常出现情态动词may/ might .can/ could等，
eg. The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.
The teacher speaks very loudly ____ all the students can hear her.
A. so that B. because C. since D. when
20. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of .
【解析1】mean → meant v 意味着→ meaning n 意思
(1)mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
(2) mean to do sth. 打算做某事
【拓展】询问 “......的意思”的常用句型：
What does ... mean What is the meaning of...
I mean _________ tomorrow.(go)
② What do you think “joy” ______
A. meant B. means C. meaning D. mean
21. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
【解析1】 so …that 如此…..以致……
“So +adj.+ that” “如此……以至……” 引导结果状语从句
He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.
Some word puzzles in this book are ____ difficult that ____ students can solve them.
A. such; few B. such; little C. so; few D. so; little
【解析2】 keep on (doing sth) 继续做某事
We must keep on working hard in the coming new year.
22. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
【解析】 mind v 介意 n 头脑，想法，记忆
【短语】make up one’s mind 下定决心 never mind 不要紧不用介意
change one’s mind 改变主意keep … in mind 牢记
【句型】Would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗？
( ) 1) Would you mind ____more slowly I can’t follow you.
A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking
( ) 2)— Sorry, sir, I made a mistake again.
— _____ . Practice more and you will do better.
A. Never mind B. I’m not sure C. You’re welcome D. Don’t mention it
( ) 3) — Would you mind turning down the music
—_________.
A. Not at all B. Never mind C. Yes, I will D. No, I don’t mind
23. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
【解析】give up 放弃
give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
— It's too hard for me to be a trail walker.
— Never ________. Believe in yourself!
A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up
2) Although many great people ever failed, they never____and managed to succeed.
A. set out B. stayed up C. kept on D. gave up
巩固练习
一、单项选择 从每题的A、B、C、D中，选出回答问题或完成句子的最佳答案，将其填在横线上。
1. — Kelly, who’s the girl________glassesinthe photo
一It’s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.
A. by B. of C. on D. with
2. Students shouldn’t go to school _______breakfast. It’s bad for their health.
A. with B. without C. for D. by
3. ---How do you like Langlang --- His music____really beautiful.
A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. looks
4.He hurried back home______ his schoolbag.
A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches
5. — Why did you get up late this morning — _________I stayed up late last night.
A. Because B. So C. Because of D. But
6. — What’s the matter with you 一I________a headache.
A. have B. take C. make D, like
7. To our__________, the little girl is the first to go to bed.
A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising
8. I used to ________to bed early, but now I’m used to __________ up late
A. go, stay B. going, staying C. going, stay D. go, staying
9. — What did you see — I saw many boys________ games near the river.
A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play
10. You look tired because you have _________ yin
A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too
二\动词应用，用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
We don't go to school on weekends. I usually (1)________(get) up at eight. Sometimes mum (2)________(tell) me to help her do some housework.
This morning I woke up early, but I stayed in the bed. Mum (3)________(say) it was very cold outside. Suddenly the doorbell (4)________(ring)."Go and see who's outside, Nick," mum (5)________(call) from the kitchen(厨房). I jumped out of the bed and thought to myself, "It (6)________(snow) outside. Who can it be " I opened the door and (7)________(see) it was my friend Jimmy. He said, "We want(8)________(skate) on the lake. Would you like to go with us "
"Of course，" I replied, "but are you the only person going "
"No. Jack and Rose (9)________(wait) for you near the gate."
"Let me have breakfast first, OK " I said. "OK. Please (10)________(come)back in ten minutes!"
三\句型转换 （每空一词））
1.I have a stomachache.(就画线部分提问）
_______ is_____ _____ ________ you
2. She should drink some water.(改为否定句）
She_________drink_________ water.
3...He fell down when playing soccer.(改为一般疑问句）
_______he_____down when playing soccer
4.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的热茶。(根据汉语提示完成句子）
You should drink ,_______ ________ _________ ___________
5.as，he，taking，used，risks，a，is，to，climber，mountain(连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________
6. To eat a balanced diet is very important.
________very important________eat a balanced diet.
7. What's wrong with your sister
What's________ ________with your sister
8. There is a lot of milk in the bottle.
There is________ ________milk in the bottle.
巩固练习答案
一、1—5 D BBBA 6-10AADBB
二、1. got 2. Tells 3. Said 4. Rang 5. Called
6. is snowing 7.saw 8.to skate 9. Are waiting e
三、1.What; wrong with 2. Shouldn’t any 3. Did fall
4. hot tea with honey 5. He’s used to taking risks as a mountain climber
6. It’s to 7. the matter/the trouble
8. lots of