2021-2022学年新人教版高中英语必修第三册：Unit 4 Space Exploration 学案
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人教新教材（2019）必修第三册 教学案
Unit 4 Space Exploration
一、学习提纲
（一）话题：
（二）词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇
非课标词汇
II 课标词汇
非课标词汇
III 课标词汇
非课标词汇
（三）语音：
（四）语法：
（五）写作：
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化 2、词汇运用
（二）语音
（三）阅读文章练习
（四）教材内的语法题目
（五）单元重点词组积累
（六）单元重点句式积累
（七）语法
（八）写作
（九）单元词句基础练习
（十）单元语法基础练习
提醒：
词汇部分含有英语音标，为确保正确显示，请下载安装英语音标字体Kingsoft phonetic plain和Gwipa。
一、学习提纲
一、话题： 太空探索
二、词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇 讲解
I 课标词汇 astronaunt, procedure, metal, centimeter, intelligent mental, intelligent, astronaunt （无） 《课时考点专题检测》 P.141 语言基础 Ex. 1-3 《同步作业》 P. 58
非课标词汇 （无）
II 课标词汇 rocket, gravity, frontier, vehicle, universe, satellite, launch, orbit, mankind, agency, transmit, data, disappointed, on board, independent, signal universe, determine, giant, agency, transmit, desire, disappointed, independent determine, carry短语, desire, launch 《课时考点专题检测》 P. 143 语言基础 Ex. 1-4 P. 65 《同步作业》 P.62-63
非课标词汇 determined, giant, leap, ongoing, independently, spacecraft, jade, spacewalk, dock
III 课标词汇 in the hope of doing sth., so as to do sth., recycle, muscle, otherwise, beyond, solar system, current, figure out, sufficient, towel, tissue, facility, globe, argument, shallow, pattern, as a result, monitor, regular, resource, limited, in closing, oxygen current, sufficient, argue, fatal, analysis, regular, limit, mystery, attach argue, result短语, provide, run短语,attach 《课时考点专题检测》 P.146 语言基础 Ex. 1-3 P.148 语言基础 Ex. 1-4 P.150 Ex. 1-3 《同步作业》 P.64-65 P. 68-69
非课标词汇 Float, soap, microwave, keen, fatal, analysis, hifh-end, regularly, foam, pillow, smartphone, closing, mystery
三、语音：重读和节奏
四、语法：-to do不定式作定语、状语。
理论知识：《同步作业》 P.65-66
练 习：《课时考点专题检测》 P. 145 Ex. 1-2
五、写作：关于太空探索的议论文。
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
(I)mental adj.思想的，精神的，思考的，智力的，精神病治疗的，精神健康的；疯狂，发疯
mentally adv.精神上，智力上，思想上
mentality n.心态，思想状态，思想方法
intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪明的，（动物、生物等）有智力的，有理解和学习能力的
intelligently adv.
intelligence n.智力，才智，智慧；（尤指敌对国家的）情报，信息，情报人员
astronaut n.宇航员，航天员
astronomer n.天文学家
astronomy n.天文学
(II)universe n.宇宙，天地万物；（已知宇宙之外的）宇宙；（某种）经验体系
astronomical adj.天文的，天文学的；（数量、价格等）极其巨大的
universally adv.全体地，一致地，共同地；到处，随时随地，在各种情况下
universality n.
determine v.查明，测定，准确算出；决定，形成，支配，影响；确定，裁决，安排；决心（做某事）
determined adj.决心，决定，决意；坚决的，果断的，坚定的
determinedly adv.
determiner n.（语法）限定词(det.)
determination n. 决心，果断，坚定；（正式）决定；确定，规定；查明，测定，计算
determinism n.决定论（及个性或行为均由出身、环境等因素决定，个人不能自由选择）
giant n.巨人，巨兽，巨型指物；大公司，强大的组织；伟人，卓越人物 Adj.巨大的，特大的
giantness n.女巨人
agency n.服务机构，（尤指）代理机构，经销机构；（政府的）专门机构
agent n.（企业、政治的）代理人，经纪人；（演员、音乐家、作家等的）代理人；原动力，动因（指对事态起重要作用的人、事物；（术语）（化学）剂
transmit v.传送，输送；发射，播放；传染，传播；（术语）传（热、声音等）
transmitter n.（尤指无线电或电视信号的）发射机，发射台，发报台；传送者，传输者，传播者，传染媒介
transmission n.传达，传递，传送，传播；传染；（电子信息、信号或广播、电视节目的）播送，发射，发送，传输；（电台或电视）信息，广播；（机动车的）传送装置，变速器
desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望；想望的人，渴望是事物 vt.（不用于进行）渴望，期望，想望
desirable adj. 想望的，可取的；值得拥有的，值得做的
desirability n.
desirous adj.渴望，想望，希望
disappoint v.使失望，使破灭，使落空
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的，示意的
disappointing adj.令人失望的，令人沮丧的，令人扫兴的
disappointingly adv.
disappointment n.失望，沮丧，扫兴，使人失望的人（或事物）
depend v.依靠，依赖；由……决定，受……影响，取决于
dependable adj.可靠的，可信赖的
dependability n.
dependant adj.受抚养者（尤指孩子）；靠他人生活者
dependence n.（生存或成功必需的）依靠，依赖；附属国，附属地
dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的；有瘾的；受……的影响，取决于
dependence n.（国家）独立；自主，自立
independent adj.独立的，自主的，自治的；不相干的人所做的（或提供的）；公正的，无偏见的；不相关的，不受影响的，无关联的；私营的；有主见的；自主的，自食其力的；无党派的，独立的 n.无党派议员（或候选人等）
independently adv.
current adj.现时发生的，当前的，现在的；通用的，流通的，流行的 n.（海洋或江河的）水流，潮流，气流，电流；思潮，潮流，趋向
currently adv.现时，目前，当前，时下
currency n.通货，货币；通用，流行，流传
sufficient adj.足够的，充足的
sufficiently adv.
sufficiency n.足量，充足
insufficient adj.不充分的，不足的，不够重要的
insufficiently adv.
insufficiency n.
argue v.争论，争吵，争辩，论证
argument n.争吵，争论，争辩，辩论；论据，理由，论点
argumentative adj.好争论的，爱辩论的
arguable adj.可论证的，可论据的；可疑的，无把握的
arguably adv.（常用于形容词比较级或最高级前）可论证地，按理
fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的，毁灭性的，导致失败的
fatally adv.
fatalism n.宿命论
fatalist n.宿命论者
fatalistic n.宿命论的，听天由命的
fatalistically adv.
fatality n.（事故、战争中的）死亡；（疾病的）致命性；宿命，听天由命
analysis n.（对事物、物质的）分析，分析结果（复数形式analses)
analyse v.分析
analyst n.分析者；化验者
analytical adj.分析的，解析的，分析性的；（科学的）分析
analytically adv.
regular adj.规则的，有规律的，间隙均匀的，定时的；频繁的，经常做（或发生的）；（人）经常做某事的，常去某地的；通常的，平常的，惯常的；匀称的，均匀的，整齐的；持久的，稳定的，固定的；标准尺寸的，中等大小的，中号的；普通的，平凡的；常备军的，正规军的；规则的，按规则变化的；完全的，彻底的；n.老主顾，常客；主力（或正式队员）；（电视节目的）老主持人，经常参加某项活动的人
regularly adv.有规律地，正常地，间隙均匀地；经常；均匀地，匀称地
regularity n.规律性，经常性；匀称，有规则的分布；有规则的东西，有规律的事物
regularize v.使合法化，使正式存在
limit n.限度，限制；极限，限量，限额；（地区或地方的）境界，界限，范围 v.限制，限定，限量
limitation n.限制，控制，局限，限度；起限制作用的规则（或事实、条件）
limited adj.有限的，受（……的）限制
limiting adj.限制性的
limitless adj.无限制的，无限度的，无界限的，无止境的
mystery n.神秘的事物，不可理解的事，奥秘；（常用作形容词）神秘的人（或物）；陌生而有趣的人（或物）；神秘，不可思议；疑案小说（或电影、戏剧）；秘密的宗教仪式，秘密知识；（宗教信仰的）奥义
mysterious adj.神秘的，奇怪的，不易解释的；（尤指人）神秘的，陌生的；（人）诡秘的，故弄玄虚的
mysteriously adv.
attach v.把……固定，把……附（在……上）；认为……有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视；（有时不受欢迎或未收邀请而）参加，和……在一起；（使）与……有联系，与……有关联
attached adj.依恋，爱慕；附属于，为……工作，所附的
attachment n.依恋，爱慕；信念，信仰，忠诚，拥护；（机器的）附加物，附加装置，配件；连接（物）；暂时隶属于（某医院、学校、部队等）；短期在……工作；（用电子邮件发送的）附件
2、词汇运用
1. determine []
v.查明，测定，准确算出
An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident.
已展示调查以确定事故原因。
v.决定，形成，支配，影响
Age and experience will be determining factors in our choice of candidate.
年龄和经验是我们选择候选人的决定因素。
Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person’s character.
后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用、
v.确定，裁决，安排
A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.
会议日期尚待确定。
v.决定，决心（做某事） determine on sth. | determine to do sth.
They determined to start early.
他们决定早点出发。
determined []
adj.决心，决定，决意 determined to do sth.
I’m determined to succeed.
我决心要获得成功。
Adj.坚决的，果断的
A determined effort to stop smoking
坚决戒烟的努力
Determinedly adj.
Determination []
n.决心，果断，鉴定 determination to do sth.
He fought the illness with courage and determination.
他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。
n.（正式）决定，确定，规定
factors influencing the determination of future policy.
影响未来决策的各种因素
n.（术语）查明，测定，计算
Both methods rely on the accurate determination of the pressure of the gas.
两种方法都依赖于对气体压力的准确测定。
determiner [] n.（语法）（缩写det.）限定词
2. carry 短语
carry sb./sth. away (常用被动)使失去自我控制力;使失去理智;带走;冲去,搬走
carry sb./sth. back (to sth.) 使忆起;拿回
carry into effect 实行,实施,贯彻
carry …into effect 使……生效,实施……
carry sth. forward/over 过帐,结转
carry off 带去,夺去,搬走;诱拐走;获得(奖品等);致死;成功地应付过去
carry sth. off 赢得 Tom carried off all the school prizes. Tom把学校里的奖品都得来了.
carry (sth.) on 进行,经营;继续,从事;坚持下去;(非正式)争吵,吵闹地抱怨
carry on (with) 继续(做某事)
carry sth. out 实现,完成(任务);进行;履行,实施
carry over (在不同情况下)继续(存在)下去;贮存;延期;遗留下来
carry sb./sth. through 帮助(渡过难关);完成
carry through (on/with sth.)(AmE)履行(承诺)
3. desire []
n.愿望，欲望，渴望 desire (for sth.) | desire (to do sth.)
a strong desire for sth.
强烈的权力欲
I have no desire to discuss the matter further.
我不想再谈此事。
n.相望的人，渴望的事物
When she agreed to marry him he felt he had achieved his heart’s desire.
当他答应嫁给他时，他感到终于得到了自己的心上人。
v.（不用于进行时）渴望，期望，相望
We all desire health and happiness.
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.
想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。
leave a lot/much/something/… to be desired 还有许多（或一些……等）需要改进的地方
desirable [] adj.想望的，可取的，值得拥有的，值得做的
desirable (that) … | desirable (for sb.) (to do sth.)
It is desirable that interest rates should be reduced.
利率下降是可取的。
It’s no longer desirable for adult children to live with their parents.
孩子长大成人后便不再想与父母住在一起了。
desirability [] Un.
No one questions the desirability of cheaper fares.
没有人质疑票价下调是件好事。
desirous [] adj.（不用于名词前）渴望，想望，希望
desirous (of sth./of doing sth.) | desirous (to do sth.)
At that point Franco was desirous of prolonging the war.
那时，弗朗哥希望战争能延续下去。
4. launch []
vt.开始从事，发起，反对（尤指有组织的决定）
to launch an appeal/ an inquiry/ an investigation/ a campaign
开始进行上诉/质询/调查/一场运动
to launch an attack/invasion
发起攻击，发动侵略
vt.（首次）上市，发行
The new model will be launched in July.
新型号产品将在七月推出。
vt.使（船，尤指新船）下水
The Navy is to launch a new warship today.
海军今天有一艘新军舰要下水。
vt.发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天，水中发射
To launch a communications satellite
发射通信卫星
vt.猛扑向前 launch oneself at/from … sth. | launch oneself forwards …
Without warning he launched himself at me.
他突然向我猛扑过来。
n.（航天器的）发射，（船的）下水；（产品的）上市；（事件的）发起
The official launch date is in May.
正式的发行日期是在五月。
n.交通艇，大型汽艇，机动大舢板
launch into sth. | launch oneself into sth.（热情地）开始做，投入
He launched into a lengthy account of his career.
他开始啰啰嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。
launch out (into sth.) 开始从事，投身于（新的，尤指更令人兴奋的事情)
It’s time that I launched out on my own.
该是我自己创业的时候了。
launcher [] n.（火箭、导弹等的）发射装置，发射器，发射
a rocket launcher
火箭发射装置
launch pad n. (=launching pad)（航天器都能到额）发射平台
5. argue []
v.争论，争吵，争辩 argue (with sb.) (about/over sth.)
We’re always arguing with each other about money.
我们总是为前吵架。
v.说理，论证，争辩 argue for/against (doing) sth.
They argued for the right to strike.
他们据理力争罢工权利。
v.证明，表明
These latest developments argue a change in government policy.
最近的事态发展表明政府改变了政策。
argue the toss（对决定）徒然反对，作无谓的争执
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服（某人）做/不做某事
They argued him into withdrawing his cmoplaints.
我们说服他撤回了投诉。
argue with sth. （通常用于否定句）不同意（说话）；不承认（表述）
He’s a really successful man – you can’t argue with that.
他是一个真正成功的人——你不得不承认这个事实。
argument []
n.争吵，争论，争辩，辩论 argue (with sb.) (about/over sth.)
We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。
She got into an argument with him.
她和他争吵了起来。
Cn.论理，理由，论点 argument (for/against sth.) | argument (that …)
There are strong arguments for and against euthanasia.
对安乐死支持和反对者都有强有力的论据。
Un.辩论 argument (about sth.)
Let’s assume for the sake of argument that we can’t start till March.
为了彻底讨论问题，先假定要到三月份我们才能开始。
argumentative [] adj.好争论的，爱辩论的
arguable []
adj.可论证的，有论据的
It’s arguable that giving too much detail may actually be confusing.
过分详细反而使人糊涂的说法是有道理的。
adj.无把握的，可疑的
It is arguable whether the case should have ever gone to trial.
这个案件原本是否应该审判还是个问题。
arguably [] adv.（常用于形容词比较级或最高级前）可论证地，按理
He is arguably the best actor of his generation.
按理他是他那一代最优秀的演员。
6. result 短语
as a result 因为
She died as a result of her injuries.
她由于受伤而死。
as a result 所以，因此
He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。
result in 造成，导致
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
飓风已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。
result from （因……）发生，（随……）产生
Job losses result from changes in production.
生产革新造成了失业。
7. provide []
vt.提供，供应，给予 provide sb. (with sth.) | provide sth. (for sb.)
We are here to provide a service for the public.
We are here to provide the public with a service.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
v.（法律或规则）规定
The final section provides that any work produced for the company is thereafter owned by the company.
最后一节规定，此后为公司创作的一切作品均为本公司所有。
provide against sth.预防，防备
provide for sb.提供生活所需
provide for sth.为……做好准备，（法律、规定等）做出规定，使有据可依，使可以做
provided [] conj. (=providing) provided (that…)
We’ll buy everything you produced, provided of course the price is right.
当然了，倘若价格合适，我们将采购你们的全部产品。
Provided that you have the money in your account, you can withdraw up to 100 a day.
只要账户存款足够，每天可提取不超过100英镑。
provider [] n.供应者，提供者，供养人
8. run 短语
run across sb./sth. 偶遇；作短暂非正式拜访
run after sb./sth. 追逐；追求
run away (from) 逃避；逃走；逃离
run away with sb. 私奔；失去自我控制
run away with sth. 用尽；卷逃；偷；轻而易举地赢得；误以为，相信(真实的东西)
run down (电池)变弱；耗尽能量；(钟表等)停止；筋疲力尽；贬低，诽谤；撞沉；萎缩衰减
run for 去叫；为……奔走；参加……竞选
run into 跑进；陷入(危险)；偶然遇到；撞到……上；(累积数)达到；注入；引入
run into sb. 偶遇，撞上
run into sth. 撞上，撞及，途中遭遇(恶劣天气)；陷于(债务危机困难)中；到达(某一标准或数字)；
run off (液体)跑掉；流出；顺利念出；流畅写出；离题；(火车)出轨；举行决赛
run off with sb./sth. 卷逃；窃走；与……私奔；使流走；印刷；生产
run on继续谈，拖延；(时间)流逝；(字母)连写；涉及(事件问题等)；搁浅；以……为主题，围绕
run out (潮水)消退；(指一段时间)到期，过期，失效限；(物品)用尽；伸出；突出；流出；驱逐
run out of sth. 用尽(物品)
run out on sb.抛弃某人
run over 流出，溢出；浏览；撞倒；超过；短而仓促的访问；放送(录音带)；温习；匆匆看一遍
run the risk of 冒……的危险/风险
run through 花光；匆匆看过；通过；贯穿；浸透；回顾，总结；遍布；(书)快速穿越；迅速传遍；(书)(用刀剑等)刺死；表演，排练；挥霍
run to sth.达到(某一数量或规模)；扩展到；买得起；足够……之用
run up (物价)上涨；累积；赶制(衣服等)；开启，竖起(旗帜)
run up to (数目)达到……，积累到
run upon撞击；偶然遇到；意外地找到；集中在(某问题)上
9. attach []
vt. 把……固定，把……附（在……上）
They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement.
他们在协议上附加了一些条件。
vt.认为……有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等），重视
Attach importance/ significance/ value/ weight/ … (to sth.)
I attached great importance to this research.
我认为这项研究十分重要。
vt.（有时不受欢迎或未受邀请而）参加，和……在一起，缠着
He attached himself to me at the party and I could not get rid of him.
在聚会上，他老师缠着我，我兼职无法摆脱他。
v.（使）与……有联系，与……有关联 attach to sb./sth.
This doesn’t attach any blame to you.
这事你一点责任也没有。
attached []
adj.依恋，爱慕（不用于名词前）
We’ve grown much attached to this house and would hate to move.
我们十分喜爱这座房子，真舍不得搬家。
adj.（不用于名词前）附属于，为……工作 attached to sth.
The research unit is attached to the university.
这个研究单位附属于大学。
adj.所附的 attached (to sth.)
Please complete the attached application form.
请填写所附申请表。
attachment []
n.依恋，爱慕
a child’s deep attachment to its parents
孩子对父母的深深依恋
n.信念，信仰，忠诚，拥护
the popular attachment to democratic government
对民主政府的普遍拥护
Cn.（机器的）附加物，附加装置，配件
n.连接物，连接
They discussed the attachment of new conditions to the peace plans.
他们讨论把新条件加入到和平计划中去。
n.暂时隶属于（某医院、学校、部队等）；短期在……工作
She is on attachment to the local hospital.
她暂时在当地医院工作。
Cn.（计算机）（用电子邮件发送的）附件
（二）阅读 Space：The Final Frontier (P. 40)
I Reading for the main idea.
1. What is the main idea of the text
This article is about the space exploration, including achievements and accidents.
2. Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. The plan to explore the space and the scientists’ hope.
Para. 2-4 B. The achievements and accidents of space exploration.
Para. 5 C. Scientists have been working hard to explore space.
Para. 1 ——C Para. 2-4 ——B Para. 5 ——A
II Reading for the details.FTFFT
Para. 1 True of False.
1. Scientists have been trying to find out the secrets of the universe. ( T )
Para. 2 BCDA
2. When was the Spuntnik I satellite was launched by the USSR
On 4 October, 1957.
3. The first man stepped onto the moon in ______.
A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
4. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger died during their missions.
B. Everyone was disappointed with these disasters.
C. Despite the huge risks, people still carry on exploring space.
D. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
5. What does “it” (Sentence 4 in Paragraph 4) most probably refer to
A. Chang’e 4.
B. Shenzhou 7 spacecraft.
C. Jade Rabbit.
D. The Tiangong 2 space lab.
6. How does the author support the theme of the text
A. By giving examples.
B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data.
D. By providing research results.
Para. 5 True or False.
7. China has no plans to explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. ( F )
III Reading for the structure.
Time Nation Events
4 October, 1957 (1) ______ The Sputnik I satellite was launched.
12 April, 1961 The USSR Yuri Gagarin became the (2) ______ person in the world to go into space.
20 July, 1969 America Neil Armstrong stepped onto the (3)______.
5 September, 1977 America America’a NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study (4) ______.
2003 China China became the (5) ______ country to send humans into space.
1 The USSR 2 first 3 moon 4 deep space 5 third
（三）教材里的语法题目
1. (P.40) ______ (look) up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space ______ (find) out the secrets of the universe.
2. (P.40) Before the mid-20th century, most people felt ______ (travel) into space was an impossible dream.
3. (P.40) Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, ______ (fame) saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” ______ (follow) this, many more goals were achieved.
4. (P.41) It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, ______ (provide) a ______ (continue) human presence in space.
5. (P.41) China’s space programme started later than ______ of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to ______ (depend) send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei ______ (succeed) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then sehnzhou 6 and 7 completed a second ______ (man) orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ______ (follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit ______ (send) to the moon to study its surface.
6. (P.44) After careful ______ (analyse), the scientists can provide useful ______ (recommend) and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough good ______ (feed) Earth’s increasing population.
7. (P.44) In order to provide for such a ______ (rapid) increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.
8. (P.44) In closing, explring space provides the world ______ many different benefits.
1 Looking; to find 2 travelling 3 famously; Following 4 providing; continuous 5 those; independently; successfully; manned; followed; being sent 6 analysis; to feed 7 rapidly 8 with
（四）单元重点词组积累
meet/satisfy one’s requirements 满足/达到某人的要求
require doing/to be done 需要做
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require that … (should) do sth。 要求……做某事
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
in/with curiosity 好奇地
be related to 有关系的，有关联的
relate … to/with … 把……与……联系起来
relate to 与……有关系/关联；涉及；有关
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
be determined to do sht. 下定决心做某事（表状态）
be determined that … 决心……
determine to do sth. 下定决心做某事（表动作）
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定（做）某事
be disappointed at/with/about sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望
be disappointed that … 对……感到失望/沮丧
be disappointed to see/hear/find … 看到/听到/发现……感到失望
have a strong desire to do sth./.for sth. 迫切想要做某事；渴望得到某物
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that … (should) do sth. 渴望……
carry on (with sth.)/ carry on doing sth. 继续做某事（相当于go on with sth.)
carry out 执行，实施
carry off 成功地完成；赢得；获得（奖项）
carry through 帮助……渡过难关；顺利完成
be independent of 不依赖于
be dependent on 依赖，依靠
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that 示意……
signal sth. to sth. 向某人示意
be due to do sth. 预订/计做某事
(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
for/through lack of … 因缺乏……
be lacking in 不足，不够
or otherwise 或其他情况，或相反
figure out 弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白；想出，计算出
figure on 指望，打算
as a result of 由于，作为……的结果
as a result 所以，结果（是）
result in 导致
result from 由……引起，由于……
be limited to 限定在……；受限制于
beyond/over the limit 超过限度
set a limit to 限制，控制；设定……的限度
limit … to … 把……限定在……范围内
to the limit 到了最大限度
（五）单元重点句式积累
1. This is because …这是因为……
2. This/That is why … ……的原因是……
（六）语法 动词不定式作定语和状语
一、动词不定式的一般式及变式
一般式：-to do sth.
被动式：-to be done
完成式：-to have done
完成被动式：-to have been done
知识储备①：动词不定义的一般式、变式，以及各自对应的意义
二、什么是定语和状语：
知识储备②：定语、状语在句子中所处的位置，以及所起的作用。（具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
三、解答-to do不定式充当定语和状语的题目时，需考虑那几个点？
能力储备①：查看句子中谓语个数与连接词的个数。 （具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
能力储备②：非谓语动词作定语和状语时需要考虑的两组关系：主被动关系和时间先后关系。 （具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
四、-to do不定式充当定语与状语时的实战演练。
1、-to do不定式充当定语
①The building ______ (build) last month is for the coming sports meeting.
②The building ______ (build) now is for the coming sports meeting.
③The building ______ (build) next month is for the coming sports meeting.
句①中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) last month充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语last month可以判断出，该动作(build)已经完成；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“被动完成”的非谓语形式应该是having been built或built。
所以，句①的正确答案是：having been built或built。
句②中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) now充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语now可以判断出，该动作(build)正在进行；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“进行被动”的非谓语形式应该是being built。
所以，句②的正确答案是：being built。
句③中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) next month充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语next month可以判断出，该动作(build)尚未完成（及表示未来）；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“未来完成”的非谓语形式应该是to be built，也就是本单元新的语法项目：-to do不定式作后置定语。
所以，句③的正确答案是：to be built。
2、-to do不定式充当状语
-to do不定式在句子中一般充当两种状语：目的状语和（出乎意料的）结果状语。
______ (catch) the early train, he got up early this morning. (To catch)
He got up early this morning ______ (catch) the early train. (to catch)
He hurried to the station, (only) ______ (find) that his train had left. (to find)
（补充练习：请参见作者的相关材料：动词不定式单句语法填空练习题）
（七）写作：关于太空探索的议论文
最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语一篇100次左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。
30%的同学认为 不值得探索 离我们的日常生活太遥远 浪费金钱，这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。
70%的同学认为 值得探索 卫星已用来进行通讯、天气预报，使我们生活更方便了。 有望解决地球能源短缺等问题。
【写作提示】
本单元的写作任务是辩论报告。辩论报告一般分为三部分：
1、开头——开门见山，说明辩论的主题、参与者等信息；
2、主体——列举正反两方面的观点、见解或主张，并给出论据；
3、结尾——得出结论或给出自己的观点。
【思路点拨】
1、审题目
（1）确定题材：本文卫辩论报告；
（2）确定人称：以第三人称为主；
（3）确定时态：以一般现在时为主；
2、审要点
（1）开头：辩论的主题（已给出）；
（2）主体：赞成探索或反对探索的观点；
（3）结尾：自己的观点。
3、连词成句，连句成文
（1）根据所列出的要点信息扩展成句子；
（2）使用适当的衔接词语连句成文。
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
30% of us think it is not worthwhile. They think it is too far from our daily life and that it wastes money, which can be used to solve some problems, such as starvation and pollution. However, 70% think space is worthy of exploration. Satelites have been used ofr communication as well as weather forecasts, which makes our life more convenient. Besiedes, the problem of energy shortages may be solved.
As far as I’m concerned, space exploration is necessary and worthwhile.
高中英语(2019版）必修第三册 词句基础练习
Unit 4 Space Exploration
一、英译汉（共10小题；单词每个1分，满分10分）
根据句意写出划线单词的汉语意思。
1. They collect blood samples for analysis at a national laboratory.
2. The information is transmitted electronically to the central computer.
3. No agreement has yet been reached and the negotiations are still ongoing.
4. The children had great fun watching monkeys leaping from tree to tree.
5. The spacecraft is set to throw new light on a dark corner of the solar system.
6. That was the third Chinese manned space mission, but the first time Chinese astronauts perform a spacewalk.
7. To kill time, Mary spent the sfternoon floating on her back in the pool.
8. The Sun and all the planet move around the solar system.
9. A hospital spokesman said the Prime Minister had suffered a fatal heart attack.
10. The chairman is keen that the company should expand its product range.
1 分析 2 传输 3 仍在进行的 4 跳跃 5 宇宙飞船 6 太空行走 7 漂浮 8 太阳的 9 致命的 10 渴望的
二、单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are ______ (决定) to a certain degree by genes.
2. The ceremony was transmitted live by ______ (卫星) to over fifty countries.
3. The research l______ solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
4. Can you tell the pupils why ships are able to f______ on the sea
5. We lost our way in that small village. O______ we would have visited more places of interest.
6. I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed b______ recognition.
7. Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have ______ (足够的) materials and markets.
8. Something must be done to change our ______ (当前的) examination system.
9. Keeping your ______ (肌肉) strong helps you to avoid back problems.
10. We’re planning to travel around the g______ sometime next year.
11. The main ______ (争论) about nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe.
12. Research in this area is not enough to make generalized ______ (模式).
13. The pressure maintained in the water main is two kilograms per square ______ (厘米）。
14. He is being constantly ______ (监视) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
15. We must protect the present water ______ (资源) and explore potential ones scientifically.
1 determined 2 satellite 3 lacks 4 float 5 Otherwise 6 beyond 7 sufficient 8 current 9 muscles 10 globe 11 argument 12 patterns 13 centimeter 14 monitored 15 resources
三、单句语法填空 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1, 350 hours of ______ (fly) experience.
2. It has been proved that mental health is related ______ physical health.
3. ______ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
4. While ______ (intelligence) people can often simplify the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
5. We used to see each other ______ (regular), but I haven’t heard from him since last year.
6. When I opened my book, I found a beautiful card ______ (attach) to the first page, giving me best wishes.
7. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ______ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.
8. Do yo know who is the first astronaut I the world ______ (go) into space
9. The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students ______ (independent).
10. The police began to pay attention to the ______ (mystery) disappearance of the girl.
11. Personally, if you don’t use computers ______ (proper), something uncomfortable will happen.
12. From the earliest ages, they desire ______ (help) others and participate in achieving common goals.
13. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very ______ (disappoint).
14. Johnny ran outside, determined never ______ (go) to another dance.
15. They may only have a ______ (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
1 flying 2 to 3 To learn 4 intelligent 5 regularly 6 attached 7 to share 8 to go 9 independently 10 mysterious 11 properly 12 to help 13 disappointed 14 to go 15 limited
四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
用方框内短语的适当形式填空，有两项为多余选项。
graduate from on board be curious about carry on result in provide … for… in closing run out in the hope of dong sth. give up figure out so as to
1. In high school, I ____________ the computer, and built my first website.
2. When I ____________ college, I made up my mind to make a journey to Tibet.
3. The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others ____________.
4. Mary and her sister have ____________ the family tradition of giving away plants.
5. Have you ____________ why she didn’t invite you to her birthday party
6. Doctors examine their patients thoroughtly ____________ make a correct diagnosis.
7. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that ____________ big benefits.
8. Many animal welfare organitions ____________ care and adoption services ____________ homeless anmals.
9. ____________, I want to thank all our sponsors and supporters for what they have done for us.
10. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources of Earth will ____________.
1 was curious about 2 graduated from 3 on board 4 carried out 5 figured out 6 so as to 7 results in 8 provide; for 9 In closing 10 run out
五、完成句子（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
1. 我们的英语老师每天早晨总是第一个到达学校。
Our English teacher is always the first ________________________________.
2. 我的朋友假期努力训练，以便第一次尝试就能通过驾考。
My friend practiced hard during the holiday ________________________________.
3. 你在英语方面取得了很大的进步，这是因为你改进了学习方法。
You have made great progress in English, ________________________________.
4. 那位老师在讲故事，几个可爱的孩子围在身边。
The teacher was telling a story, ________________________________.
5. 为了帮助学生更好地学习语文，我们学校已决定为你们的汉语班捐赠一些图书。
________________________________, our schoo has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
1 to get school every morning
2 so as to pass the driving test at the first attempt
3 This is because you have improved your studying methods
4 surrounded by several lovely kids
5 To help the students to learn Chinese better
高中英语（2019版） 必修第三册 语法基础巩固练习
Unit 4 -to do不定式
I 单句语法填空
1. The kind woman is easy ______ (get) along with and we all like her.
2. Her words made me ______ (feel) like I was a cheat.
3. Why not ______ (have) a talk with your father and tell him the truth
4. I’m sorry ______ (keep) you waiting there for such a long time.
5. Her work is ______ (take) good care of these poor children.
6. When summer comes, they will invite their students ______ (pick) the fresh vegetables.
7. He would ask who we were and pretend ______ (not, know) us.
8. He will be asked ______ (help) you tomorrow.
9. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ______ (stop) until we reached the nest stop.
10. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only ______ (tell) that it was being decorated.
11. While I tend ______ (buy) a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
12. But remember, it’s you that have ______ (grow) and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
13. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced race ______ (learn) proper technique, she says.
14. We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants ______ (replace) functions of the things that we use every day.
15. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used ______ (light) the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
16. A housewarming party is a special party ______ (hold) when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.
17. Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student ______ (pursue) her goal of earning a nursing degree.
18. She decided to go back to college ______ (advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.
1 to get 2 feel 3 have 4 to have kept 5 to take 6 to pick 7 not to know 8 to help 9 to stop 10 to be told 11 to buy 12 to grow 13 to learn 14 to replace 15 to light 16 to be held 18 to advance
II 语篇语法填空
This year’s top award in architecture goes to Balkrishna Doshi. This is the first time for an Indian (1) ______ (win) in the 40-year history of the award, known (2) ______ (be) the Pritzker Architecture Prize. Some compare the award (3) ______ the Nobel Prize.
Doshi was born in 1927 in the city of Pune. He studied architecture in Mumbai and was the first director of Ahmadabad’s School and Planning, now (4) ______ (name) CEPT University. He founded his own company in 1956, and lives and works in Ahmadabad.
Doshi is known to be (5) ______ architect, city planner, and educator. And he is famous for designing low-cost housing. Doshi said his life’s aim has been (6) ______ (help) “the have-nots, the people who have nothing.”
He called the prize an honor both for (7) ______ (he) and for India. The Hyatt Foundation, (8) ______ sponsors the Pritzker Architecture Prize, called Doshi’s work “poetic and functional”. It noted the Doshi’s buildings both respect (9) ______ (tradition) culture and improve the quality of life in India.
“My work is the story of my life. I am always moving forward, changing and searching (10) ______ (look) at life beyong architecture,” Doshi said in the award announcement. Doshi will be given the $100, 000 prize in May at a ceremony in Toronto, Canada.
1 to win 2 to be 3 to 4 named 5 an 6 to help 7 himself 8 which 9 traditional 10 to look
Unit 4 Space Exploration
一、学习提纲
（一）话题：
（二）词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇
非课标词汇
II 课标词汇
非课标词汇
III 课标词汇
非课标词汇
（三）语音：
（四）语法：
（五）写作：
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化 2、词汇运用
（二）语音
（三）阅读文章练习
（四）教材内的语法题目
（五）单元重点词组积累
（六）单元重点句式积累
（七）语法
（八）写作
（九）单元词句基础练习
（十）单元语法基础练习
提醒：
词汇部分含有英语音标，为确保正确显示，请下载安装英语音标字体Kingsoft phonetic plain和Gwipa。
一、学习提纲
一、话题： 太空探索
二、词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇 讲解
I 课标词汇 astronaunt, procedure, metal, centimeter, intelligent mental, intelligent, astronaunt （无） 《课时考点专题检测》 P.141 语言基础 Ex. 1-3 《同步作业》 P. 58
非课标词汇 （无）
II 课标词汇 rocket, gravity, frontier, vehicle, universe, satellite, launch, orbit, mankind, agency, transmit, data, disappointed, on board, independent, signal universe, determine, giant, agency, transmit, desire, disappointed, independent determine, carry短语, desire, launch 《课时考点专题检测》 P. 143 语言基础 Ex. 1-4 P. 65 《同步作业》 P.62-63
非课标词汇 determined, giant, leap, ongoing, independently, spacecraft, jade, spacewalk, dock
III 课标词汇 in the hope of doing sth., so as to do sth., recycle, muscle, otherwise, beyond, solar system, current, figure out, sufficient, towel, tissue, facility, globe, argument, shallow, pattern, as a result, monitor, regular, resource, limited, in closing, oxygen current, sufficient, argue, fatal, analysis, regular, limit, mystery, attach argue, result短语, provide, run短语,attach 《课时考点专题检测》 P.146 语言基础 Ex. 1-3 P.148 语言基础 Ex. 1-4 P.150 Ex. 1-3 《同步作业》 P.64-65 P. 68-69
非课标词汇 Float, soap, microwave, keen, fatal, analysis, hifh-end, regularly, foam, pillow, smartphone, closing, mystery
三、语音：重读和节奏
四、语法：-to do不定式作定语、状语。
理论知识：《同步作业》 P.65-66
练 习：《课时考点专题检测》 P. 145 Ex. 1-2
五、写作：关于太空探索的议论文。
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
(I)mental adj.思想的，精神的，思考的，智力的，精神病治疗的，精神健康的；疯狂，发疯
mentally adv.精神上，智力上，思想上
mentality n.心态，思想状态，思想方法
intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪明的，（动物、生物等）有智力的，有理解和学习能力的
intelligently adv.
intelligence n.智力，才智，智慧；（尤指敌对国家的）情报，信息，情报人员
astronaut n.宇航员，航天员
astronomer n.天文学家
astronomy n.天文学
(II)universe n.宇宙，天地万物；（已知宇宙之外的）宇宙；（某种）经验体系
astronomical adj.天文的，天文学的；（数量、价格等）极其巨大的
universally adv.全体地，一致地，共同地；到处，随时随地，在各种情况下
universality n.
determine v.查明，测定，准确算出；决定，形成，支配，影响；确定，裁决，安排；决心（做某事）
determined adj.决心，决定，决意；坚决的，果断的，坚定的
determinedly adv.
determiner n.（语法）限定词(det.)
determination n. 决心，果断，坚定；（正式）决定；确定，规定；查明，测定，计算
determinism n.决定论（及个性或行为均由出身、环境等因素决定，个人不能自由选择）
giant n.巨人，巨兽，巨型指物；大公司，强大的组织；伟人，卓越人物 Adj.巨大的，特大的
giantness n.女巨人
agency n.服务机构，（尤指）代理机构，经销机构；（政府的）专门机构
agent n.（企业、政治的）代理人，经纪人；（演员、音乐家、作家等的）代理人；原动力，动因（指对事态起重要作用的人、事物；（术语）（化学）剂
transmit v.传送，输送；发射，播放；传染，传播；（术语）传（热、声音等）
transmitter n.（尤指无线电或电视信号的）发射机，发射台，发报台；传送者，传输者，传播者，传染媒介
transmission n.传达，传递，传送，传播；传染；（电子信息、信号或广播、电视节目的）播送，发射，发送，传输；（电台或电视）信息，广播；（机动车的）传送装置，变速器
desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望；想望的人，渴望是事物 vt.（不用于进行）渴望，期望，想望
desirable adj. 想望的，可取的；值得拥有的，值得做的
desirability n.
desirous adj.渴望，想望，希望
disappoint v.使失望，使破灭，使落空
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的，示意的
disappointing adj.令人失望的，令人沮丧的，令人扫兴的
disappointingly adv.
disappointment n.失望，沮丧，扫兴，使人失望的人（或事物）
depend v.依靠，依赖；由……决定，受……影响，取决于
dependable adj.可靠的，可信赖的
dependability n.
dependant adj.受抚养者（尤指孩子）；靠他人生活者
dependence n.（生存或成功必需的）依靠，依赖；附属国，附属地
dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的；有瘾的；受……的影响，取决于
dependence n.（国家）独立；自主，自立
independent adj.独立的，自主的，自治的；不相干的人所做的（或提供的）；公正的，无偏见的；不相关的，不受影响的，无关联的；私营的；有主见的；自主的，自食其力的；无党派的，独立的 n.无党派议员（或候选人等）
independently adv.
current adj.现时发生的，当前的，现在的；通用的，流通的，流行的 n.（海洋或江河的）水流，潮流，气流，电流；思潮，潮流，趋向
currently adv.现时，目前，当前，时下
currency n.通货，货币；通用，流行，流传
sufficient adj.足够的，充足的
sufficiently adv.
sufficiency n.足量，充足
insufficient adj.不充分的，不足的，不够重要的
insufficiently adv.
insufficiency n.
argue v.争论，争吵，争辩，论证
argument n.争吵，争论，争辩，辩论；论据，理由，论点
argumentative adj.好争论的，爱辩论的
arguable adj.可论证的，可论据的；可疑的，无把握的
arguably adv.（常用于形容词比较级或最高级前）可论证地，按理
fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的，毁灭性的，导致失败的
fatally adv.
fatalism n.宿命论
fatalist n.宿命论者
fatalistic n.宿命论的，听天由命的
fatalistically adv.
fatality n.（事故、战争中的）死亡；（疾病的）致命性；宿命，听天由命
analysis n.（对事物、物质的）分析，分析结果（复数形式analses)
analyse v.分析
analyst n.分析者；化验者
analytical adj.分析的，解析的，分析性的；（科学的）分析
analytically adv.
regular adj.规则的，有规律的，间隙均匀的，定时的；频繁的，经常做（或发生的）；（人）经常做某事的，常去某地的；通常的，平常的，惯常的；匀称的，均匀的，整齐的；持久的，稳定的，固定的；标准尺寸的，中等大小的，中号的；普通的，平凡的；常备军的，正规军的；规则的，按规则变化的；完全的，彻底的；n.老主顾，常客；主力（或正式队员）；（电视节目的）老主持人，经常参加某项活动的人
regularly adv.有规律地，正常地，间隙均匀地；经常；均匀地，匀称地
regularity n.规律性，经常性；匀称，有规则的分布；有规则的东西，有规律的事物
regularize v.使合法化，使正式存在
limit n.限度，限制；极限，限量，限额；（地区或地方的）境界，界限，范围 v.限制，限定，限量
limitation n.限制，控制，局限，限度；起限制作用的规则（或事实、条件）
limited adj.有限的，受（……的）限制
limiting adj.限制性的
limitless adj.无限制的，无限度的，无界限的，无止境的
mystery n.神秘的事物，不可理解的事，奥秘；（常用作形容词）神秘的人（或物）；陌生而有趣的人（或物）；神秘，不可思议；疑案小说（或电影、戏剧）；秘密的宗教仪式，秘密知识；（宗教信仰的）奥义
mysterious adj.神秘的，奇怪的，不易解释的；（尤指人）神秘的，陌生的；（人）诡秘的，故弄玄虚的
mysteriously adv.
attach v.把……固定，把……附（在……上）；认为……有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视；（有时不受欢迎或未收邀请而）参加，和……在一起；（使）与……有联系，与……有关联
attached adj.依恋，爱慕；附属于，为……工作，所附的
attachment n.依恋，爱慕；信念，信仰，忠诚，拥护；（机器的）附加物，附加装置，配件；连接（物）；暂时隶属于（某医院、学校、部队等）；短期在……工作；（用电子邮件发送的）附件
2、词汇运用
1. determine []
v.查明，测定，准确算出
An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident.
已展示调查以确定事故原因。
v.决定，形成，支配，影响
Age and experience will be determining factors in our choice of candidate.
年龄和经验是我们选择候选人的决定因素。
Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person’s character.
后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用、
v.确定，裁决，安排
A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.
会议日期尚待确定。
v.决定，决心（做某事） determine on sth. | determine to do sth.
They determined to start early.
他们决定早点出发。
determined []
adj.决心，决定，决意 determined to do sth.
I’m determined to succeed.
我决心要获得成功。
Adj.坚决的，果断的
A determined effort to stop smoking
坚决戒烟的努力
Determinedly adj.
Determination []
n.决心，果断，鉴定 determination to do sth.
He fought the illness with courage and determination.
他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。
n.（正式）决定，确定，规定
factors influencing the determination of future policy.
影响未来决策的各种因素
n.（术语）查明，测定，计算
Both methods rely on the accurate determination of the pressure of the gas.
两种方法都依赖于对气体压力的准确测定。
determiner [] n.（语法）（缩写det.）限定词
2. carry 短语
carry sb./sth. away (常用被动)使失去自我控制力;使失去理智;带走;冲去,搬走
carry sb./sth. back (to sth.) 使忆起;拿回
carry into effect 实行,实施,贯彻
carry …into effect 使……生效,实施……
carry sth. forward/over 过帐,结转
carry off 带去,夺去,搬走;诱拐走;获得(奖品等);致死;成功地应付过去
carry sth. off 赢得 Tom carried off all the school prizes. Tom把学校里的奖品都得来了.
carry (sth.) on 进行,经营;继续,从事;坚持下去;(非正式)争吵,吵闹地抱怨
carry on (with) 继续(做某事)
carry sth. out 实现,完成(任务);进行;履行,实施
carry over (在不同情况下)继续(存在)下去;贮存;延期;遗留下来
carry sb./sth. through 帮助(渡过难关);完成
carry through (on/with sth.)(AmE)履行(承诺)
3. desire []
n.愿望，欲望，渴望 desire (for sth.) | desire (to do sth.)
a strong desire for sth.
强烈的权力欲
I have no desire to discuss the matter further.
我不想再谈此事。
n.相望的人，渴望的事物
When she agreed to marry him he felt he had achieved his heart’s desire.
当他答应嫁给他时，他感到终于得到了自己的心上人。
v.（不用于进行时）渴望，期望，相望
We all desire health and happiness.
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.
想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。
leave a lot/much/something/… to be desired 还有许多（或一些……等）需要改进的地方
desirable [] adj.想望的，可取的，值得拥有的，值得做的
desirable (that) … | desirable (for sb.) (to do sth.)
It is desirable that interest rates should be reduced.
利率下降是可取的。
It’s no longer desirable for adult children to live with their parents.
孩子长大成人后便不再想与父母住在一起了。
desirability [] Un.
No one questions the desirability of cheaper fares.
没有人质疑票价下调是件好事。
desirous [] adj.（不用于名词前）渴望，想望，希望
desirous (of sth./of doing sth.) | desirous (to do sth.)
At that point Franco was desirous of prolonging the war.
那时，弗朗哥希望战争能延续下去。
4. launch []
vt.开始从事，发起，反对（尤指有组织的决定）
to launch an appeal/ an inquiry/ an investigation/ a campaign
开始进行上诉/质询/调查/一场运动
to launch an attack/invasion
发起攻击，发动侵略
vt.（首次）上市，发行
The new model will be launched in July.
新型号产品将在七月推出。
vt.使（船，尤指新船）下水
The Navy is to launch a new warship today.
海军今天有一艘新军舰要下水。
vt.发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天，水中发射
To launch a communications satellite
发射通信卫星
vt.猛扑向前 launch oneself at/from … sth. | launch oneself forwards …
Without warning he launched himself at me.
他突然向我猛扑过来。
n.（航天器的）发射，（船的）下水；（产品的）上市；（事件的）发起
The official launch date is in May.
正式的发行日期是在五月。
n.交通艇，大型汽艇，机动大舢板
launch into sth. | launch oneself into sth.（热情地）开始做，投入
He launched into a lengthy account of his career.
他开始啰啰嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。
launch out (into sth.) 开始从事，投身于（新的，尤指更令人兴奋的事情)
It’s time that I launched out on my own.
该是我自己创业的时候了。
launcher [] n.（火箭、导弹等的）发射装置，发射器，发射
a rocket launcher
火箭发射装置
launch pad n. (=launching pad)（航天器都能到额）发射平台
5. argue []
v.争论，争吵，争辩 argue (with sb.) (about/over sth.)
We’re always arguing with each other about money.
我们总是为前吵架。
v.说理，论证，争辩 argue for/against (doing) sth.
They argued for the right to strike.
他们据理力争罢工权利。
v.证明，表明
These latest developments argue a change in government policy.
最近的事态发展表明政府改变了政策。
argue the toss（对决定）徒然反对，作无谓的争执
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服（某人）做/不做某事
They argued him into withdrawing his cmoplaints.
我们说服他撤回了投诉。
argue with sth. （通常用于否定句）不同意（说话）；不承认（表述）
He’s a really successful man – you can’t argue with that.
他是一个真正成功的人——你不得不承认这个事实。
argument []
n.争吵，争论，争辩，辩论 argue (with sb.) (about/over sth.)
We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。
She got into an argument with him.
她和他争吵了起来。
Cn.论理，理由，论点 argument (for/against sth.) | argument (that …)
There are strong arguments for and against euthanasia.
对安乐死支持和反对者都有强有力的论据。
Un.辩论 argument (about sth.)
Let’s assume for the sake of argument that we can’t start till March.
为了彻底讨论问题，先假定要到三月份我们才能开始。
argumentative [] adj.好争论的，爱辩论的
arguable []
adj.可论证的，有论据的
It’s arguable that giving too much detail may actually be confusing.
过分详细反而使人糊涂的说法是有道理的。
adj.无把握的，可疑的
It is arguable whether the case should have ever gone to trial.
这个案件原本是否应该审判还是个问题。
arguably [] adv.（常用于形容词比较级或最高级前）可论证地，按理
He is arguably the best actor of his generation.
按理他是他那一代最优秀的演员。
6. result 短语
as a result 因为
She died as a result of her injuries.
她由于受伤而死。
as a result 所以，因此
He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。
result in 造成，导致
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
飓风已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。
result from （因……）发生，（随……）产生
Job losses result from changes in production.
生产革新造成了失业。
7. provide []
vt.提供，供应，给予 provide sb. (with sth.) | provide sth. (for sb.)
We are here to provide a service for the public.
We are here to provide the public with a service.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
v.（法律或规则）规定
The final section provides that any work produced for the company is thereafter owned by the company.
最后一节规定，此后为公司创作的一切作品均为本公司所有。
provide against sth.预防，防备
provide for sb.提供生活所需
provide for sth.为……做好准备，（法律、规定等）做出规定，使有据可依，使可以做
provided [] conj. (=providing) provided (that…)
We’ll buy everything you produced, provided of course the price is right.
当然了，倘若价格合适，我们将采购你们的全部产品。
Provided that you have the money in your account, you can withdraw up to 100 a day.
只要账户存款足够，每天可提取不超过100英镑。
provider [] n.供应者，提供者，供养人
8. run 短语
run across sb./sth. 偶遇；作短暂非正式拜访
run after sb./sth. 追逐；追求
run away (from) 逃避；逃走；逃离
run away with sb. 私奔；失去自我控制
run away with sth. 用尽；卷逃；偷；轻而易举地赢得；误以为，相信(真实的东西)
run down (电池)变弱；耗尽能量；(钟表等)停止；筋疲力尽；贬低，诽谤；撞沉；萎缩衰减
run for 去叫；为……奔走；参加……竞选
run into 跑进；陷入(危险)；偶然遇到；撞到……上；(累积数)达到；注入；引入
run into sb. 偶遇，撞上
run into sth. 撞上，撞及，途中遭遇(恶劣天气)；陷于(债务危机困难)中；到达(某一标准或数字)；
run off (液体)跑掉；流出；顺利念出；流畅写出；离题；(火车)出轨；举行决赛
run off with sb./sth. 卷逃；窃走；与……私奔；使流走；印刷；生产
run on继续谈，拖延；(时间)流逝；(字母)连写；涉及(事件问题等)；搁浅；以……为主题，围绕
run out (潮水)消退；(指一段时间)到期，过期，失效限；(物品)用尽；伸出；突出；流出；驱逐
run out of sth. 用尽(物品)
run out on sb.抛弃某人
run over 流出，溢出；浏览；撞倒；超过；短而仓促的访问；放送(录音带)；温习；匆匆看一遍
run the risk of 冒……的危险/风险
run through 花光；匆匆看过；通过；贯穿；浸透；回顾，总结；遍布；(书)快速穿越；迅速传遍；(书)(用刀剑等)刺死；表演，排练；挥霍
run to sth.达到(某一数量或规模)；扩展到；买得起；足够……之用
run up (物价)上涨；累积；赶制(衣服等)；开启，竖起(旗帜)
run up to (数目)达到……，积累到
run upon撞击；偶然遇到；意外地找到；集中在(某问题)上
9. attach []
vt. 把……固定，把……附（在……上）
They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement.
他们在协议上附加了一些条件。
vt.认为……有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等），重视
Attach importance/ significance/ value/ weight/ … (to sth.)
I attached great importance to this research.
我认为这项研究十分重要。
vt.（有时不受欢迎或未受邀请而）参加，和……在一起，缠着
He attached himself to me at the party and I could not get rid of him.
在聚会上，他老师缠着我，我兼职无法摆脱他。
v.（使）与……有联系，与……有关联 attach to sb./sth.
This doesn’t attach any blame to you.
这事你一点责任也没有。
attached []
adj.依恋，爱慕（不用于名词前）
We’ve grown much attached to this house and would hate to move.
我们十分喜爱这座房子，真舍不得搬家。
adj.（不用于名词前）附属于，为……工作 attached to sth.
The research unit is attached to the university.
这个研究单位附属于大学。
adj.所附的 attached (to sth.)
Please complete the attached application form.
请填写所附申请表。
attachment []
n.依恋，爱慕
a child’s deep attachment to its parents
孩子对父母的深深依恋
n.信念，信仰，忠诚，拥护
the popular attachment to democratic government
对民主政府的普遍拥护
Cn.（机器的）附加物，附加装置，配件
n.连接物，连接
They discussed the attachment of new conditions to the peace plans.
他们讨论把新条件加入到和平计划中去。
n.暂时隶属于（某医院、学校、部队等）；短期在……工作
She is on attachment to the local hospital.
她暂时在当地医院工作。
Cn.（计算机）（用电子邮件发送的）附件
（二）阅读 Space：The Final Frontier (P. 40)
I Reading for the main idea.
1. What is the main idea of the text
This article is about the space exploration, including achievements and accidents.
2. Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. The plan to explore the space and the scientists’ hope.
Para. 2-4 B. The achievements and accidents of space exploration.
Para. 5 C. Scientists have been working hard to explore space.
Para. 1 ——C Para. 2-4 ——B Para. 5 ——A
II Reading for the details.FTFFT
Para. 1 True of False.
1. Scientists have been trying to find out the secrets of the universe. ( T )
Para. 2 BCDA
2. When was the Spuntnik I satellite was launched by the USSR
On 4 October, 1957.
3. The first man stepped onto the moon in ______.
A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
4. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger died during their missions.
B. Everyone was disappointed with these disasters.
C. Despite the huge risks, people still carry on exploring space.
D. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
5. What does “it” (Sentence 4 in Paragraph 4) most probably refer to
A. Chang’e 4.
B. Shenzhou 7 spacecraft.
C. Jade Rabbit.
D. The Tiangong 2 space lab.
6. How does the author support the theme of the text
A. By giving examples.
B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data.
D. By providing research results.
Para. 5 True or False.
7. China has no plans to explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. ( F )
III Reading for the structure.
Time Nation Events
4 October, 1957 (1) ______ The Sputnik I satellite was launched.
12 April, 1961 The USSR Yuri Gagarin became the (2) ______ person in the world to go into space.
20 July, 1969 America Neil Armstrong stepped onto the (3)______.
5 September, 1977 America America’a NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study (4) ______.
2003 China China became the (5) ______ country to send humans into space.
1 The USSR 2 first 3 moon 4 deep space 5 third
（三）教材里的语法题目
1. (P.40) ______ (look) up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space ______ (find) out the secrets of the universe.
2. (P.40) Before the mid-20th century, most people felt ______ (travel) into space was an impossible dream.
3. (P.40) Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, ______ (fame) saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” ______ (follow) this, many more goals were achieved.
4. (P.41) It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, ______ (provide) a ______ (continue) human presence in space.
5. (P.41) China’s space programme started later than ______ of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to ______ (depend) send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei ______ (succeed) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then sehnzhou 6 and 7 completed a second ______ (man) orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ______ (follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit ______ (send) to the moon to study its surface.
6. (P.44) After careful ______ (analyse), the scientists can provide useful ______ (recommend) and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough good ______ (feed) Earth’s increasing population.
7. (P.44) In order to provide for such a ______ (rapid) increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.
8. (P.44) In closing, explring space provides the world ______ many different benefits.
1 Looking; to find 2 travelling 3 famously; Following 4 providing; continuous 5 those; independently; successfully; manned; followed; being sent 6 analysis; to feed 7 rapidly 8 with
（四）单元重点词组积累
meet/satisfy one’s requirements 满足/达到某人的要求
require doing/to be done 需要做
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require that … (should) do sth。 要求……做某事
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
in/with curiosity 好奇地
be related to 有关系的，有关联的
relate … to/with … 把……与……联系起来
relate to 与……有关系/关联；涉及；有关
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
be determined to do sht. 下定决心做某事（表状态）
be determined that … 决心……
determine to do sth. 下定决心做某事（表动作）
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定（做）某事
be disappointed at/with/about sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望
be disappointed that … 对……感到失望/沮丧
be disappointed to see/hear/find … 看到/听到/发现……感到失望
have a strong desire to do sth./.for sth. 迫切想要做某事；渴望得到某物
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that … (should) do sth. 渴望……
carry on (with sth.)/ carry on doing sth. 继续做某事（相当于go on with sth.)
carry out 执行，实施
carry off 成功地完成；赢得；获得（奖项）
carry through 帮助……渡过难关；顺利完成
be independent of 不依赖于
be dependent on 依赖，依靠
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that 示意……
signal sth. to sth. 向某人示意
be due to do sth. 预订/计做某事
(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
for/through lack of … 因缺乏……
be lacking in 不足，不够
or otherwise 或其他情况，或相反
figure out 弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白；想出，计算出
figure on 指望，打算
as a result of 由于，作为……的结果
as a result 所以，结果（是）
result in 导致
result from 由……引起，由于……
be limited to 限定在……；受限制于
beyond/over the limit 超过限度
set a limit to 限制，控制；设定……的限度
limit … to … 把……限定在……范围内
to the limit 到了最大限度
（五）单元重点句式积累
1. This is because …这是因为……
2. This/That is why … ……的原因是……
（六）语法 动词不定式作定语和状语
一、动词不定式的一般式及变式
一般式：-to do sth.
被动式：-to be done
完成式：-to have done
完成被动式：-to have been done
知识储备①：动词不定义的一般式、变式，以及各自对应的意义
二、什么是定语和状语：
知识储备②：定语、状语在句子中所处的位置，以及所起的作用。（具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
三、解答-to do不定式充当定语和状语的题目时，需考虑那几个点？
能力储备①：查看句子中谓语个数与连接词的个数。 （具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
能力储备②：非谓语动词作定语和状语时需要考虑的两组关系：主被动关系和时间先后关系。 （具体可参见必修第一、二册中-ing分词和-ed分词对应句法功能单元的语法讲解，此处不再赘述）
四、-to do不定式充当定语与状语时的实战演练。
1、-to do不定式充当定语
①The building ______ (build) last month is for the coming sports meeting.
②The building ______ (build) now is for the coming sports meeting.
③The building ______ (build) next month is for the coming sports meeting.
句①中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) last month充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语last month可以判断出，该动作(build)已经完成；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“被动完成”的非谓语形式应该是having been built或built。
所以，句①的正确答案是：having been built或built。
句②中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) now充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语now可以判断出，该动作(build)正在进行；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“进行被动”的非谓语形式应该是being built。
所以，句②的正确答案是：being built。
句③中，
能力储备①：判断出该空需要一个非谓语动词，而不是谓语动词；
知识储备②：判断出(build) next month充当名词the building的后置定语；
能力储备①：判断出动词build与名词building之间为被动关系；同时，根据空格后的时间状语next month可以判断出，该动作(build)尚未完成（及表示未来）；
知识储备②：判断出，表示“未来完成”的非谓语形式应该是to be built，也就是本单元新的语法项目：-to do不定式作后置定语。
所以，句③的正确答案是：to be built。
2、-to do不定式充当状语
-to do不定式在句子中一般充当两种状语：目的状语和（出乎意料的）结果状语。
______ (catch) the early train, he got up early this morning. (To catch)
He got up early this morning ______ (catch) the early train. (to catch)
He hurried to the station, (only) ______ (find) that his train had left. (to find)
（补充练习：请参见作者的相关材料：动词不定式单句语法填空练习题）
（七）写作：关于太空探索的议论文
最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语一篇100次左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。
30%的同学认为 不值得探索 离我们的日常生活太遥远 浪费金钱，这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。
70%的同学认为 值得探索 卫星已用来进行通讯、天气预报，使我们生活更方便了。 有望解决地球能源短缺等问题。
【写作提示】
本单元的写作任务是辩论报告。辩论报告一般分为三部分：
1、开头——开门见山，说明辩论的主题、参与者等信息；
2、主体——列举正反两方面的观点、见解或主张，并给出论据；
3、结尾——得出结论或给出自己的观点。
【思路点拨】
1、审题目
（1）确定题材：本文卫辩论报告；
（2）确定人称：以第三人称为主；
（3）确定时态：以一般现在时为主；
2、审要点
（1）开头：辩论的主题（已给出）；
（2）主体：赞成探索或反对探索的观点；
（3）结尾：自己的观点。
3、连词成句，连句成文
（1）根据所列出的要点信息扩展成句子；
（2）使用适当的衔接词语连句成文。
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
30% of us think it is not worthwhile. They think it is too far from our daily life and that it wastes money, which can be used to solve some problems, such as starvation and pollution. However, 70% think space is worthy of exploration. Satelites have been used ofr communication as well as weather forecasts, which makes our life more convenient. Besiedes, the problem of energy shortages may be solved.
As far as I’m concerned, space exploration is necessary and worthwhile.
高中英语(2019版）必修第三册 词句基础练习
Unit 4 Space Exploration
一、英译汉（共10小题；单词每个1分，满分10分）
根据句意写出划线单词的汉语意思。
1. They collect blood samples for analysis at a national laboratory.
2. The information is transmitted electronically to the central computer.
3. No agreement has yet been reached and the negotiations are still ongoing.
4. The children had great fun watching monkeys leaping from tree to tree.
5. The spacecraft is set to throw new light on a dark corner of the solar system.
6. That was the third Chinese manned space mission, but the first time Chinese astronauts perform a spacewalk.
7. To kill time, Mary spent the sfternoon floating on her back in the pool.
8. The Sun and all the planet move around the solar system.
9. A hospital spokesman said the Prime Minister had suffered a fatal heart attack.
10. The chairman is keen that the company should expand its product range.
1 分析 2 传输 3 仍在进行的 4 跳跃 5 宇宙飞船 6 太空行走 7 漂浮 8 太阳的 9 致命的 10 渴望的
二、单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are ______ (决定) to a certain degree by genes.
2. The ceremony was transmitted live by ______ (卫星) to over fifty countries.
3. The research l______ solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
4. Can you tell the pupils why ships are able to f______ on the sea
5. We lost our way in that small village. O______ we would have visited more places of interest.
6. I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed b______ recognition.
7. Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have ______ (足够的) materials and markets.
8. Something must be done to change our ______ (当前的) examination system.
9. Keeping your ______ (肌肉) strong helps you to avoid back problems.
10. We’re planning to travel around the g______ sometime next year.
11. The main ______ (争论) about nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe.
12. Research in this area is not enough to make generalized ______ (模式).
13. The pressure maintained in the water main is two kilograms per square ______ (厘米）。
14. He is being constantly ______ (监视) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
15. We must protect the present water ______ (资源) and explore potential ones scientifically.
1 determined 2 satellite 3 lacks 4 float 5 Otherwise 6 beyond 7 sufficient 8 current 9 muscles 10 globe 11 argument 12 patterns 13 centimeter 14 monitored 15 resources
三、单句语法填空 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1, 350 hours of ______ (fly) experience.
2. It has been proved that mental health is related ______ physical health.
3. ______ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
4. While ______ (intelligence) people can often simplify the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
5. We used to see each other ______ (regular), but I haven’t heard from him since last year.
6. When I opened my book, I found a beautiful card ______ (attach) to the first page, giving me best wishes.
7. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ______ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.
8. Do yo know who is the first astronaut I the world ______ (go) into space
9. The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students ______ (independent).
10. The police began to pay attention to the ______ (mystery) disappearance of the girl.
11. Personally, if you don’t use computers ______ (proper), something uncomfortable will happen.
12. From the earliest ages, they desire ______ (help) others and participate in achieving common goals.
13. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very ______ (disappoint).
14. Johnny ran outside, determined never ______ (go) to another dance.
15. They may only have a ______ (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
1 flying 2 to 3 To learn 4 intelligent 5 regularly 6 attached 7 to share 8 to go 9 independently 10 mysterious 11 properly 12 to help 13 disappointed 14 to go 15 limited
四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
用方框内短语的适当形式填空，有两项为多余选项。
graduate from on board be curious about carry on result in provide … for… in closing run out in the hope of dong sth. give up figure out so as to
1. In high school, I ____________ the computer, and built my first website.
2. When I ____________ college, I made up my mind to make a journey to Tibet.
3. The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others ____________.
4. Mary and her sister have ____________ the family tradition of giving away plants.
5. Have you ____________ why she didn’t invite you to her birthday party
6. Doctors examine their patients thoroughtly ____________ make a correct diagnosis.
7. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that ____________ big benefits.
8. Many animal welfare organitions ____________ care and adoption services ____________ homeless anmals.
9. ____________, I want to thank all our sponsors and supporters for what they have done for us.
10. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources of Earth will ____________.
1 was curious about 2 graduated from 3 on board 4 carried out 5 figured out 6 so as to 7 results in 8 provide; for 9 In closing 10 run out
五、完成句子（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
1. 我们的英语老师每天早晨总是第一个到达学校。
Our English teacher is always the first ________________________________.
2. 我的朋友假期努力训练，以便第一次尝试就能通过驾考。
My friend practiced hard during the holiday ________________________________.
3. 你在英语方面取得了很大的进步，这是因为你改进了学习方法。
You have made great progress in English, ________________________________.
4. 那位老师在讲故事，几个可爱的孩子围在身边。
The teacher was telling a story, ________________________________.
5. 为了帮助学生更好地学习语文，我们学校已决定为你们的汉语班捐赠一些图书。
________________________________, our schoo has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
1 to get school every morning
2 so as to pass the driving test at the first attempt
3 This is because you have improved your studying methods
4 surrounded by several lovely kids
5 To help the students to learn Chinese better
高中英语（2019版） 必修第三册 语法基础巩固练习
Unit 4 -to do不定式
I 单句语法填空
1. The kind woman is easy ______ (get) along with and we all like her.
2. Her words made me ______ (feel) like I was a cheat.
3. Why not ______ (have) a talk with your father and tell him the truth
4. I’m sorry ______ (keep) you waiting there for such a long time.
5. Her work is ______ (take) good care of these poor children.
6. When summer comes, they will invite their students ______ (pick) the fresh vegetables.
7. He would ask who we were and pretend ______ (not, know) us.
8. He will be asked ______ (help) you tomorrow.
9. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ______ (stop) until we reached the nest stop.
10. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only ______ (tell) that it was being decorated.
11. While I tend ______ (buy) a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
12. But remember, it’s you that have ______ (grow) and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
13. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced race ______ (learn) proper technique, she says.
14. We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants ______ (replace) functions of the things that we use every day.
15. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used ______ (light) the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
16. A housewarming party is a special party ______ (hold) when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.
17. Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student ______ (pursue) her goal of earning a nursing degree.
18. She decided to go back to college ______ (advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.
1 to get 2 feel 3 have 4 to have kept 5 to take 6 to pick 7 not to know 8 to help 9 to stop 10 to be told 11 to buy 12 to grow 13 to learn 14 to replace 15 to light 16 to be held 18 to advance
II 语篇语法填空
This year’s top award in architecture goes to Balkrishna Doshi. This is the first time for an Indian (1) ______ (win) in the 40-year history of the award, known (2) ______ (be) the Pritzker Architecture Prize. Some compare the award (3) ______ the Nobel Prize.
Doshi was born in 1927 in the city of Pune. He studied architecture in Mumbai and was the first director of Ahmadabad’s School and Planning, now (4) ______ (name) CEPT University. He founded his own company in 1956, and lives and works in Ahmadabad.
Doshi is known to be (5) ______ architect, city planner, and educator. And he is famous for designing low-cost housing. Doshi said his life’s aim has been (6) ______ (help) “the have-nots, the people who have nothing.”
He called the prize an honor both for (7) ______ (he) and for India. The Hyatt Foundation, (8) ______ sponsors the Pritzker Architecture Prize, called Doshi’s work “poetic and functional”. It noted the Doshi’s buildings both respect (9) ______ (tradition) culture and improve the quality of life in India.
“My work is the story of my life. I am always moving forward, changing and searching (10) ______ (look) at life beyong architecture,” Doshi said in the award announcement. Doshi will be given the $100, 000 prize in May at a ceremony in Toronto, Canada.
1 to win 2 to be 3 to 4 named 5 an 6 to help 7 himself 8 which 9 traditional 10 to look