2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句教案

Relative Clauses
Teaching purpose:
To have a systematical understanding of relative clauses;
To know how to choose the right relative words;
To know the differences between some special relative words;
To know how to solve problems in doing multiple choices about relative clauses.
Teaching contents:
The definition and function of relative clauses;
The usage of relative pronouns and relative adverbs;
The differences among as, which and that;
Restrictive and non-restrictive clauses;
The structure: preposition + relative pronoun
Difficult and important points:
The right use of relative clauses;
How to choose the right proposition;
How to analyze the components of a sentence.
Presentation:
1. 定义
He is a good student. He is good at math.
He is a good student who is good at math.
(先行词） （关系词）
关系代词
作用 功能 代替人 代替物 代替人和物
主语 who which that
宾语 whom which that
定语 whose whose whose
This is the man who helped me yesterday.
This is the man who/whom I helped yesterday.
Do you know the man whose name is Moyan
Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
关系副词
关系副词 先行词 从句中的作用
when 表时间的名词 时间状语
where 表地点的名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
I will never forget the day when I met him/her.
This is the place where we lived for 3 years.
I don’t know the reason why he came late.
介词+关系代词
“介词+关系代词”结构中，介词的宾语只能是which或whom且不可省略
该结构中的介词可以依据与定语从句中谓词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子的意义来确定
I will never forget the day on which I met him/her.
This is the place in which we lived for 3 years.
I don’t know the reason for which he came late.
There are nearly 1000 farmers, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
类别 形式 意义 译法 关系词的使用
限定性定语从句 不用逗号和主句隔开 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不可删除 翻译成先行词的定语，“……的” 作宾语时可省略；可用that；可用who代替whom
非限定性定语从句 用逗号和主句隔开 是对先行词的补充说明，可删除 通常翻译成主句的并列句 不可省略；不用that；不能用who代替whom
This is the house (which) we bought last month.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
that与which的区别
只用that不用which的情况
当先行词是everything, anything, nothing something ,all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said
(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
(4)当先行词被the very, the only, the just修饰时。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。
(5)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。
Who is the man that is talking to our teacher
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
只用which不用that的情况
引导非限定性定语从句时
He passed the exam, which was a good news to the family.
关系代词前有介词时
Great changes have taken place in the city in which I was born.
先行词本身是that时
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
先行词有插入语时
Here is the grammar book which, as I’ve told you, will help improve your English.
as与which的区别
用在the same...as, such...as, as...as, so...as结构中，as可以作主语、宾语、表语，替代人或物
He is not the same as he was.
Such advice as he was given has proved almost worthless.
as引导非限定性定语从句，位置灵活，表说话人对话语的看法、态度、依据、解释或评论等，翻译成“正如”。
而which在引导非限定性定语从句时，只能位于主句后，起补充说明作用，表示事物存在的状态或引起的结果，翻译成“这一点”。
Shakespeare, as is well known, is a famous writer.
Peter drove too fast, which is dangerous.
分隔式定语从句
根据句意找到先行词，再进行句子结构分析。
Self-reflection: