2022年中考英语二轮复习定语从句讲义（带练习）

定语从句
一、关系代词的基本用法
作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose
指物 which/that which/that/省略
注意： 1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。
that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略
Eg,
It's time to recall those beautiful days we spend together.
1）用that而不用 which的情况
①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing,,little,few,much something someone等。
All that I can do is to do my best.
②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；
The most beautiful image that I never forget is with my family.
③先行词有the only, the very, any,the same , the last等词修饰；
Miss Li is the only teacher the I like most.
④先行词既有人又有物时。
He never forgets the village and villagers that he spent time with.
2）用which而不用 that的情况
①用于非限制性定语从句（非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开）
The Chinese knots ,which I made by myself with red silk thread and other material, look really beautiful in the shape of diamond.
②定语从句前有介词的时候
This is the factory in which I worked before.
③指代前面整个主句的意思
I didn’t pass the English exam, which made my mother annoyed.
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，关系代词可以省略。
This is the house (which/ that) we bought last month.
二、关系副词的详解
1. when 代替的先行词是时间，相当于\"介词+ which\"结构。
I always miss the days when we were on the summer camp last year.
Where 代替的先行词是地点， 相当于\"介词+ which\"结构。
Chongqing is the place where（in which） I was born.　
3.why 代替的先行词是原因（reason）， 相当于\"介词+ which\"结构。
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they supply us fresh air.
注意： 当先行词是way(方式)时，关系词用that/ in which/省略.
I don’t like the way that/in which you talk to your parents.
三、定语从句的解题方法
1. 勾画出先行词和定语从句
2. 判断定语从句中是否缺主语/宾语/表语，缺主语/宾语/表语，用关系代词，不缺主语/宾语/表语，选择关系副词
3. 根据先行词，选择合适的关系词。
定语从句的特殊情况
练习
Recently, a programmer criticized the “996” work schedule ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit.
The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
It was in the lab __________was in the charge of Professor Smith __________they carried out the experiment.
We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
When faced with a big challenge ________ potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you've heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”
Recently I bought a beautiful car, ________ was reasonable.
Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem__________ we should deal with properly.
Gone are the days __________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies.
翻译
练习：
1.我将把我所知道的每一件事都告诉你。

2.我们班有56名学生,其中35名是男生。

3.她提到过一本杂志,其名称我忘记了。

像你刚才唱的歌现在很流行。


所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭,其父母对待孩子就像朋友一样。


这儿曾经有一段时间既没有广播,也没有电话或者电视。
英译汉与填空
1. No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet
2. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.
3. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk.
4. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
5. It's not the news that makes someone angry.It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered(传递)．
6. The computer is widely used in our daily life. The computer is a machine that ___61___ (design) to help people do many things.
7. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 （make） over the years.
模拟检测
1. I shall never forget those days _______ I lived on the farm with the local farmers.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
2. There are many works of art in the museum ________we will visit tomorrow.
A. which B. who C. where D. what
3. —The TV show Say Hello to Life is popular recently.
—Yes. It's the only program ________ I watched this month.
A. that B. who C. what
4. The attitude you put on life is the attitude you point to yourself. Remember: Attitude does make a difference in everything ________ you do.
A. which B. what C. that
5. In 2003, Macao gambling tycoon(赌王) Ho Hung-sun ________ died at the age of 98 this year, gave away the pig-head statue (雕像) of the Old Summer Palace to the mainland.
A. whom B. / C. that
6. —What are the girls doing over there
—They are talking about the boy ________short videos are very popular on Douyin.
A. whose B. who C. that
7. He doesn’t like people in the company ________ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. which C. who
8. I'm looking for a place________ I can live.
A. which B. that with it C. where
9. Journey to the West is a book influences teenagers a lot.
A. which B. who C. what
10. President Xi warned that officers ________ failed to honestly report would be punished.
A. which B. what C. who D. /
短文填空。
根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Have you watched World, listen to Me on CCTV-4 This program firstly shown on November 27, 2017 has attracted lots of people.
In fact, many editors(编辑)spent about half a year 1 for this program. They had many discussions about 2 to show in the program. In their eyes, it’s not only a debate(辩论)competition but also a window for the world to understand China. They hope the audience(观众)can have a better understanding 3 traditional Chinese culture and what is happening in China after watching the show.
Most of the debaters are from world-famous universities. Young as they look, they have taken part in many debate 4 and are very skillful. Lai Changsheng, a top debater from the university of Edinburgh said, “I was born for debate and I will 5 give it up.” Besides learning, almost all of his life is about the debate. His love for the debate deeply impressed the audience. 6 debater, 76-year-old Huang Jinbo, is the oldest debater of all. His age and experience make it possible for him to give ideas 7 of thoughts about life and culture.
Together with these strong debaters, smart guests and famous hosts in the show also share their special and important opinions. There is no doubt that World, listen to Me is a great program that you won’t want to 8 ! Spare some time to enjoy the show, and you will learn a lot and have much fun!