山西省运城市2021-2022学年高一下学期开学摸底考试——英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力试题）

高一年级寒假自主学习检测卷
英 语 试 题
2022.2
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres，Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
21. Who does "I" refer to in the text
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
23. What kind of book is Gone Girl )
A.A folk tale. B.A biography.
C.A love story. D.A horror story.
B
George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker, not an artist. Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure, Mr. Nakashima rejected the label of artist. For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs, tables, and cabinets.
Nakashima had a clear goal. He intended to make each piece of furniture as perfect as possible. Even making a box was an act of creation, because it produced an object that had never existed before. Initially Nakashima used local wood, sometimes from his own property. Later, he traveled to seek out English oak, Persian walnut, African zebrawood and Indian teak. He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was cut down. Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.
Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards, but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots(结疤) and cracks. These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a colourful life.
He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful. One early piece Nakashima designed was a three-legged chair for his small daughter, Mira, to use when she sat at the table for meals. The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions. Another famous piece, the conoid chair, has two legs supported by bladelike feet. Always, Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful, marked by the simplicity that revealed his love for the wood.
As the years passed, Nakashima's reputation grew and he received many awards. His children Mira and Kevin, now adults, joined the team of craftspeople in their father's studio. Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true.
24. Which of the following best describes Nakashima
A.Generous and outgoing. B.Honest and simple.
C.Capable and friendly. D.Creative and modest.
25. Which of the following is true about Nakashima
A. His artworks made trees live again.
B. He always used precious wood materials.
C. His chairs were beautifully designed but useless.
D. He devoted himself to shaping wood.
26. What can we learn about Nakashima from the last two paragraphs
A. He loved his work and family.
B. He made chairs of the same style.
C. He sought for a simple life and art.
D. He was lost in researching the wood.
27. What can be inferred about Mira and Kevin
A. They had an art studio of their own.
B. They still lacked the ability to create artworks.
C. They had a common interest with their father.
D. They enjoyed the same reputation with their father.
C
Life can bring us down from time to time. At some point, you may find yourself in what you will consider as your darkest hour. As you try to find your way out of that bad situation, you should try to remind yourself that there will always be a reason to be grateful.
If you look at your situation now and compare it with someone else who is in much deeper trouble than you, I am sure that you'll find something to be thankful for. We all have our share of problems, but complaining about them so much only makes us blind to the fact that there are the miracles(奇迹) which happen around us each day.
When all your needs are provided, then you should be content and happy, If you have a roof over your head, some proper clothes to wear, enough food on the table, a comfortable place to sleep, clean water to drink and you are free to make your own choices, then you should be happy and grateful. Many people all around the world, especially those who are at war or those in very poor countries, would give anything to be in your shoes.
Even if you lose all your money or possessions and your heart is broken for some reason, as long as you are still alive, then everything you have lost can be regained. If you have a few good friends who will be there to support or help you, then you will be glad because true friends are hard to find. As long as you have someone to love and someone to love you back, then you are a very fortunate person. Remember to be patient and trust that things will get better.
28. What are we told to do when life brings us down
A. To remind ourselves to keep calm.
A. To find a way out of the situation soon.
A. To fight against the bad situation bravely.
A. To know there is something to be grateful for.
29. That we complain about the bad situation only results in _________.
A.losing others' support B. ignoring something good
C. having a far worse situation D. taking everything for granted
30. By "would give anything to be in your shoes", the author means many people _____.
A. really admire your shoes B. are in a better situation than you
C. would like to be in your situation D. never know the value of your shoes
31. According to the author, as long as you are still alive, ________.
A. you should be content and happy
B. what you've lost will be back soon
C. you will certainly lead a life you like
D. you will have a chance to get what you've lost back
D
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物） from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution（解决方案）. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响） on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear different forms. D. They damage the instruments.
33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education
34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs
C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.
B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.
D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
. Everyone will grow up. You are no exception, which means you are probably going through a lot of changes, all at once. You may find your body is changing. It may even appear as though your entire self is changing. That can be confusing and even scary. 36.____ And it’s good.
Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling. 37._____ But it’s partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.
Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster! 38._____
◆Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.
◆39._____ When you feel your moods swinging or you’re upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.
◆Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed. 40._____ Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you’ll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.
A. Take a time out.
B. Take your mood swings seriously.
C. But the truth is, it happens to every teen.
D. This changing is needed for your body’s development.
E. It will help you fall asleep and start the morning right.
F. Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.
G. Usually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分65分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax（哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 . Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking（舔）Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.
Jeff had 54 in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58 .
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
第二节 单句填空。（每题1.5分，共15分）
61. I_______ _________ __________the photos on the noticeboard__________ I heard a voice behind me. 我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。
62. It’s never _________ _________ ________ __________. 活到老，学到老。
63.People say that the British always_________ ___________ _________ what they eat. 据说英国人对吃的东西总是很谨慎。
64. Have you ever asked yourself why people often_______ _________ _________ ________ 你有没有问过自己，为什么人们经常在学习英语时有困难？
65. I _______ __________ ___________see you back in school!我迫不及待要回学校见你了！
66. Why don’t you also________ ________ __________ and think carefully before jumping in with both feet 你为什么不也听从我的建议，在匆匆投入之前仔细考虑一下呢？
67. We should __________ _________ _________that getting up early is good for health. 我们应该记住早起对健康有益。
68._________ _________ we know about this lovely creature, ________ _________the chance it will survive...我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大......
69. ______ _______ after all we_________ are the visitors to their world.毕竟我们是他们世界的过客。
70. There is __________ ___________ __________ a long soak in a hot bath.没有什么比好好地泡个热水澡更舒服的了。
英汉互译。（每题1分，共10分）
71.take up a lot of time________________
72. 提到，谈到；参考，查阅_____________
73. 偶然发现_________________
74. 向某人求助_________________
75. now and then________________
76. 幸亏，由于________________
77. 砍树______________________
78. a variety of activities_________________
79. 毕竟，终究____________________
80. 除......之外，也，还，和......一样好_________________
第三部分 书面表达(25分）
北京成功申办2022年冬奥会(Beijing Winter Olympics)，某英文报开设了一个我最喜欢的体育运动员专栏。请用英语写一篇短文，介绍你最喜爱的体育运动员谷爱凌。
要点如下：
1.该人物的基本信息。
2.该人物在运动生涯中所取得的成就。
3.你喜欢她的理由。
（注意词数100字左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。）
提示：
1. 她的母亲是中国人，父亲是美国人，她从父母那里发现了对运动的热爱；
2. 她的坚持、热爱和专业技巧让她获得了世界冠军（champion）；
3. 她的座右铭（motto）:如果一切都简单，我们也就不会有梦想。
提示词：对...热爱show strong passion in
滑雪 ski
致力于 devote oneself to sth.
为祖国而竞赛 compete for our nation
面对挑战和压力 face challenge and pressure
追求 v. pursue
实现某人的梦想 achieve one’s goal
为梦想而努力 struggle for on
英语答案
第一部分 阅读理解
1—3 CCD 4—7 DDAC 8—11 DBCD 12—15 ADAB 16—20 CDFAE
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节21—25 CBADC 26—30 CDABB 31—35 BACAD 36—40 ABCDD
第二节 单句填空：
41.was looking at when 42.too old to learn 43. play safe with
44. have trouble learning English 45.can’t wait to 46. take/follow my advice
47. keep in mind 48. The more the greater 49. It is who
50. nothing better than
英汉互译：
51. 占用大量时间 52. refer to e across 54. turn to sb. for help
55. 有时，偶尔 56.thanks to 57. cut down trees 58. 各种各样的活动
59. after all 60. as well as
第三部分 书面表达范文：
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