八年级下册 UNIT 1 What's the matter"
Section B
2b Read the passage and underline the words you don't know. Then look up the words in a dictionary and write down their meanings.
He Lost His Arm
But Is Still Climbing
Aron Ralston is an American man who isinterested in mountain climbing. As a mountainclimber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is oneof the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times whenAron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himselfin a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah
On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 2,000-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. He wasnot ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut offhalf his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandagedhimself so that he would not lose too much blood. Afterthat, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book,Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and ofbeing in control of one's life. His lose for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountainseven after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit as Aron" Let's think about it before we find ourselves“between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
一、阅读回答问题
Aron Ralston is an American man. He is interested in mountain climbing. He is used to taking risks, and there were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, when he climbed in Utah, he found himself a very dangerous situation. He struggled (抗争) and fought for five days. At last, he saved his own life but lost his right arm. Even after this experience, he kept on climbing mountains. He also wrote a famous book with a single arm.
Aron's story tells us never to give up. Every person has a dream. It makes us do what we are doing, because it's what we believe in. And everyone has moments when life seems too hard, but never stop going like Aron. Our biggest enemies are hiding in us-laziness(懒惰) and doubt. We should be warriors (勇士) of our dreams and goals and we should keep on fighting for them.
1．What is Aron interested in
_________________________________________________________________________
2．When did Aron climb in Utah
_________________________________________________________________________
3．How long did Aron struggle to save his life in Utah
_________________________________________________________________________
4．Did Aron keep on climbing mountains after the serious accident
_________________________________________________________________________
5．What are the biggest enemies hiding in us
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1．He/ Aron is interested in mountain climbing. /Mountain climbing.
2．On April 26, 2003./ On April 26,2003,when he climbed in Utah, he found himself in a
very dangerous situation.
3．For five days./ Five days./He struggled (and fought) for five days.
4．Yes, he did.
5．Laziness and doubt./ They are laziness and doubt./ Our biggest enemies are hiding in us——
laziness and doubt.
【解析】
本文是说明文。短文介绍了美国登山爱好者Aron。他在2003年4月的一次登山活动中失去了右胳膊，保住生命，但是他继续登山，用一只胳膊写下自己的攀登经历。他的故事告诉我们：应该怀着激情和勇气实现梦想。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第2句He is interested in mountain climbing.可知，他对登山感兴趣。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段On April 26, 2003, when he climbed in Utah, he found himself a very dangerous situation.可知，他登山发现自己处于危险，是在2003年4月26日。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段He struggled (抗争) and fought for five days.可知，他斗争了5天。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第2句Even after this experience, he kept on climbing mountains.可知，经历事故后，他继续登山，所以是肯定回答。
5．根据第二段倒数第2句Our biggest enemies are hiding in us-laziness(懒惰) and doubt.可知，我们的最大敌人是懒惰和怀疑。
二、给出单词，所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一个单词。）
important，run，take， excite，climb，because， accident，write，he，blood
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain ___1___, Aron is used to ___2___ risks. This is one of the __3___ things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of ___4___. On April 26th, 2003, he found ___5___ in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. ___6___ he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him.
But when his water ___7___ out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much ___8____. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he ___9___ a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the ___10___ of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
【答案】1．climber
2．taking
3．exciting
4．accidents
5．himself
6．Because
7．ran
8．blood
9．wrote
19．importance
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了登山爱好者阿伦.罗斯顿在一次登山中发生了意外，他失去了胳膊。在失去胳膊后，他写了一本书叫做《进退两难》，这本书中他讲述了做出正确决定的重要性以及控制自己的生活的重要性。
1．
句意：作为一名登山运动员，阿伦习惯于冒险。根据“Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.”可知，阿伦是一名登山运动员，故填climber。
2．
句意：作为一名登山运动员，阿伦习惯于冒险。take risks“冒险”，用于“be used to doing sth”短语中，故填taking。
3．
句意：这是危险运动中令人兴奋的事情之一。根据“This is one of the...things about doing dangerous sports.”可知，是令人兴奋的事，故填exciting。
4．
句意：有很多次阿伦因为意外事故差点失去生命。根据“he found...in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah”可知，处在危险的境地，因为有意外事故，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填accidents。
5．
句意：2003年4月26日，他在犹他州登山时发现自己处于非常危险的境地。根据“he found...in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah”可知，主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词形式，故填himself。
6．
句意：因为他的胳膊无法挣脱，他在那里待了五天，希望有人能找到他。“he could not free his arm”是“he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because。
7．
句意：但是当他的水用光时，他知道他必须做些什么来挽救自己的生命。根据“But when his water...out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.”可知，此处是“run out”短语，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填ran。
8．
句意：然后，他用左臂把自己包扎起来，以免失血过多。根据“So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.”可知，他用刀砍下了他的右臂，所以流了很多血，故填blood。
9．
句意：失去手臂后，他写了一本书，名为《在岩石和艰难的地方之间》。根据“he...a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place”可知，写了一本书，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填wrote。
10．
句意：在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做出好的决定的重要性，以及掌控自己生活的重要性。根据“Aron tells of the...of making good decisions”可知，讲述了做好的决定的重要性，故填importance。
三、给出与正确选项混淆的干扰项
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very ___1___ situation when climbing in Utah.
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-Kilo rock that ____2____ on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. ____3____ he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to ____4____ his own life. He wasn’t ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he wouldn’t lose too much ____5____. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you can’t seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good ___6___, and of being in control of one’s life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
1．A．dangerous B．exciting C．surprising D．disappointing
2．A．put B．carried C．fell D．thrown
3．A．Because B．When C．If D．Although
4．A．live B．save C．protect D．honor
5．A．strength B．energy C．blood D．time
6．A．plans B．resolutions C．models D．decisions
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．A
4．B
5．C
6．D
【解析】
1．
句意：2003年4月26日，他在犹他州登山时发现自己处于非常危险的境地。
dangerous危险的；exciting兴奋的；surprising惊讶的；disappointing失望的。根据下文“Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-Kilo rock that _______ on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains”可知，他在爬山时，胳膊被一块360公斤重的岩石压住了，故他发现自己处于危险的境地。故选A。
2．
句意：那天，Aron的胳膊被他在独自登山时掉落在身上的一块儿360公斤重的石头压在底下。
put放；carried搬动；fell落下；thrown扔。根据语境可知，那块石头是在他独自爬山时掉落到他身上的。故选C。
3．
句意：因为他的胳膊不能自由活动，他在那里呆了五天，希望有人能发现他。
Because因为，表原因；When当……时；If如果，表条件；Although尽管，表让步。上文“他的胳膊不能自由活动”和下文“他在那待了五天”之间是因果关系，前者为因，后者为果，故应用连词because表原因。故选A。
4．
句意：但是当他的水用完了，他知道他必须做些什么来拯救自己的生命。
live居住；save拯救；protect保护；honor荣誉。根据下文“He wasn’t ready to die that day”可知，他知道得做点什么来拯救自己的生命。故选B。
5．
句意：然后，他用左臂给自己包扎，以免失血过多。
strength力量；energy能量；blood血；time时间。根据上文“So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm”可知，他砍断了自己的右臂，所以用左臂包扎，以免失血过多。故选C。
6．
句意：在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做出正确决定以及掌控自己生活的重要性。
plans计划；resolutions解决；models模型；decisions决定。根据文章内容可知，阿伦在爬山过程中受困时，他砍断了自己的右臂，拯救了自己的生命，因此他做出了正确的决定，故在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做出正确决定的重要性。故选D。
四、虚词完全空缺，实词填写正确形式
He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing
Aron Ralston is __________ American man who is __________ (interest) in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to __________ (take) risks. This is one of the exciting __________ (thing) about doing dangerous sports. There were many __________ (time) when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. __________ April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very __________ (danger) situation when climbing in Utah.
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 2,000-kilo rock that fell on him when he was _________ (climb) by himself in the mountains. Because he ________ (can) not free _________ (he) arm, he stayed there __________ five __________ (day) and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would _________ (has) to do something __________ (save) his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife _________ (cut) off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too __________ (many) blood. After that, he __________ (climb) down the mountain to find help.
After __________ (lose) his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the __________ (important) of __________ (make) good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. His love for mountain climbing is so great _______ he kept on __________ (climb) mountains even after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit __________ Aron Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to __________ (make) a decision that could mean life or death.
【答案】an interested taking things times On dangerous climbing could his for days have to save to cut much climbed losing importance making that climbing as make
【解析】略
五、小作文
1．读下面的文章，根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结，词数不少于60，不多于80词。
He Lost His Arm but Is Still Climbing
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 2,000-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. His lose for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit as Aron Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
1. Who is Aron Ralston What’s his hobby
2. What happened to him on April 26, 2003 What did he do after his water ran out
3. What did he do after losing his arm
4. What does the name of the book mean
5. What can we learn from Aron
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】大意总结
Aron Ralston is an American man and his hobby is mountain climbing. On April 26, 2003, his right arm was caught by a rock when he was climbing mountains by himself. He had to cut off half his right arm after his water ran out. He wrote a book after losing his arm. The name of the book means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. We can learn the importance of making good decisions and never give up from him.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
1. 题干解读：这篇作文要求考生根据短文内容，结合五个问题提示的信息，写一篇故事梗概，属于小作文。
2. 写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应以第三人称和一般过去时为主，以第一人称和一般现在时为辅进行叙述。写作中要包含问题提示的几个方面，介绍清楚是谁、有什么爱好、发生了什么事故、他是怎样对待的、给人什么启发等问题。行文注意主谓一致和上下文的过度，符合逻辑关系，保证无语法和单词拼写错误。
