M9 Unit 3 The meaning of colour Reading 2

课件90张PPT。National flags,
colours
and culturesEach country has its own national flag with its own pattern and colours.A short video:The short film is about an opening ceremony of Olympic Games. Our sport stars are entering the field. The five-star red flag is our national flag with which we are familiar and we can see it almost every day. 1. What’s our national flag like? Can you describe it?2. What do colors and the stars on the national flag of China symbolize? Discussion:Our national flag is a red rectangle with five stars. The red of the flag symbolizes revolution; the stars are yellow so that they will stand out brightly against the red ground. The larger star represents the CPC (communist party of China )and the four smaller ones, the Chinese people. This expresses the great unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the CPC.
Five-star red flagThe following are national flags of some countries; try to tell which country each flag belong to. Canada France USA Indonesia England German Australia Korea Singapore Before reading an article:
Read the headline and the first paragraph to get an idea of the theme or topic.
Think about the topic and what you already know. Practice:
Read this article with the above method. Each country’s national flag is made up of different colours. Have you ever wondered why?Listen to the first part of the article and find out:SkimmingListen to the rest of the passage and try to find answers to the three questions. What is the French national flag sometimes called?
2. How many stars are there on the national flag of the USA?
3. What colors is the Indonesia flag?
The ‘Tricolore’ (tricolour). Fifty Red and white Scanning Let’s read the passage a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2 on page 36. C1 :1. They often symbolize the origin of the country, along with its values, beliefs and culture.2. Liberty, equality and fraternity.3. Because it was successful in ridding society of inequality, which had a great effect on many other countries, particularly those in Europe. 4. Because they couldn’t tolerate the bureaucratic way that Britain ruled the country and they desired independence.5. The fifty stars represent the fifty states and the thirteen stripes represent the original thirteen states that joined together to fight for independence from Britain. 6. It had nine red and white stripes.7. The most common explanation is that red stands for blood, or thing s that are physical, while white represent the spiritual. Another suggestion is that red resembles the color of sugar and white looks like rice. Other people say red stands for the brave and considerate nature of the Indonesia people. It can also symbolize the fire that comes from Indonesia’s volcanoes or the fact that the equator goes through the country. White is regarded as a symbol of purity. Careful readingC2 Fill in what each color represents in each country:bravery, revolution, strength and blood of the Frenchstrength and braveryblood or things that are physical; the color of sugar; the brave and considerate nature of Indonesian people; fire; the fact that the equator goes through the countrypeace and honestyliberty and justicepurity and innocencehard work and justicethe spiritual; rice; purityFrancethe USAIndonesiathe whole passageFurther readingScan the whole passage again and finish the
tasks about the following items.FranceWas the French flag first used at the end of the French Revolution? When?
2. What was the motto of the French Revolution? (Please answer within 10 words.)
Line8-9Line153. Why was the Revolution such an important time in France’s history?
4. Which sentence can be replaced by the following one?
Actually, some countries chose to use tricolour flags to take the place of their flags according to the French.Line20Line21-22The USAThe USA was originally an area ruled by France. ( )
At first, there were thirteen states in the USA. ( )
When Britain colonized the USA, the taxpayers could express their view. ( )
The Independence Day of the USA is on 4 July each year. ( )
FTFTIndonesia1. The design of the Indonesia’s flag is very
_________.
A. complicated B. simple
C. reasonable D. attractive
2. What was the Indonesian national flag like in the 13th century?
Line451. The passage is mainly about______??
?
A. national flags, colors and cultures
B. different colors and cultures
C. colors and national flags??????????
D. revolution, cultures and colorsthe whole passage2. What kind of information can we get from a national flag?A. history and population
B. culture and politics
C. economy and language
D. history and cultureD Match the following words with the correct definition . Post-readingstarvation (line 11) ______
conclusion (line 11) ______
strengthened (line 17) ______
substitute (line 22) ______
influential (line 23) ______ replace, take the
place of
b. extreme hunger
c. having or exercising influence.
d. the end of something
e. made strong or strongerbadce6. outspoken (line 29) ______
7. tolerate (line 29) ______
8. having a say (line 30) ______
9. optional (line 31) ______
10. considerate (line 53) ______f. put up with, bear, stand
g. saying exactly what one thinks, even if other people do not like it
h. thinking about the feelings and needs of other people
i. possible but not necessary
j. having a right or chance to express opinionsgifhj高考链接uniquestrengthhonestlibertydatesstandsofficiallysymbolicconsiderationspiritual1. 独立国家
2. 独特身份
3. 死于饥饿
4. 根本性变化
5. 成功做成某事
6. 清除社会不平等an independent country
a unique identity
die of starvation
fundamental changes
be successful in doing sth.
rid society of inequality
Translate some important phrases.7.substitute … with
8.make up
9.be unhappy with
10.have a say
11.date back to
12.have a link with 用…替换
构成对…不满 有发言权追溯到 与…有联系 A flag tells us something about the country it represents and often symbolize the origin of
that country, along
with its values,
beliefs and
culture.Translate the following complex sentences please . 2. At that time, there were thirteen states, which is far fewer than the fifty that make up today’s USA.3. The flag, which could not be further simplified, is a red band over a white one, and is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century that had nine red and white stripes. Homework 1. Read the article on Page122 and
answer the questions below.
2. Read the whole passage carefully
again and get a further understanding.
3. Preview next part: Word power.
Language pointsGo through the text quickly and pay attention to the meaning and usage of some words. Then finish the following vocabulary exercise. Part D and Part E.D:1. b 2. g 3. i 4. a 5. d
6.c 7. e 8. j 9. h 10. fE: (1) colours (2) represent
(3) blue (4) bravery
(5) liberty (6) revolution
(7) Britain (8) independent
(9) the spiritual (10) sugar 2. Read the instructions for Part F and discuss with the partners the following questions 1). What do the colors on China’s national flag symbolize?
2). Do other national flags use those colors? Do they have the same meaning?
3). How does understanding history and culture help us learn about national flags? These are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together. (P34)1). More than ● A. “More than＋名词”表示“多于……”、“非但……尤其是”如：1) Modern science is more than a large amount of information.2) Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.
● B. “More than＋数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：3) I have known David for more than 20 years.4) Let's carry out the test with more than the sample copy.● C. “More than＋形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如：5) In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.6) I assure you I am more than glad to help you. ● D. 在“More...than...”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是……而不是……”如：7) The difference between pure linguistics and applied linguistics is more apparent than real.8) This book seems to be more a manual than a text.9) Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.10) Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.● E. “More than”或“More...than...”＋含“can”的分句时表示“否定意”，如：11) That's more than I can do.12) Don't bite off more than you can chew.13) In delivering his lecture, Jason makes sure not to include more things than the students can understand.
● F. “No more...than...”表示“不……；不如……”，如：14) I can no more do that than anyone else.15) A learner can no more obtain knowledge without reading than a farmer can get good harvest without ploughing.”2). sew
verb?[I/T]?to join together or attach (esp. pieces of cloth) by putting thread through it with a needle? 缝补 She sewed her outfit by hand.Would you sew on these buttons?I had to sew up (= repair) a hole in my jeans. 3) pieces of cloth and thread sewn together sewn: a past participle used as an attributive
Eg. a building built on the coast高考链接1. (2005北京)
The prize of the game show is $30000 and an all expenses ______ vacation to China.
A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid

2.（2002上海）
Don't use words, expressions, or phrases_______ only to people with specific knowledge.
being known 　　B. having been known 　　
C. to be known 　　D. knownBD3.（2002春招）
Prices of daily goods______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
4. （2004浙江）
Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ____ as 3M.
knowing B. known
C. being known? D. to be known
5. （2004上海）
The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
recorded? B. recording?
C. to be recorded D. having recordedBBA2. Before the Revolution, there had been great unrest because people had not had freedom and had often been treated unfairly. (P34)1). unrest ?? disagreements or fighting between different groups of people; 动荡，骚乱 It is feared that the civil unrest we are now witnessing in this country could lead to full-scale civil war. 2). treatto behave towards someone or deal with something in a particular way: 处理、对付 My parents treated us all the same when we were kids.It's wrong to treat animals as if they had no feelings. 3). Grammar point.
In this sentence, there is a grammar point—the usage of past perfect tense. A perfective tense used to express action completed in the past; "`I had finished' is an example of the past perfect"高考链接1. (2005北京)
He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15? ?A. has learned?? B. would have learned?
C. learned?? D. had learnedD2. (2005广东)
The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister's car.?A. has been?B. was being?C. had been?D. would be3. (2005湖北)
When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun _____ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden ?
B. had started; had already hiddenC. had started; was hiding????
D. was starting; hidCA4. (2006全国)
John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _______ for the wedding.A. will plan? B. has planned??
C. would plan? D. had planned
5. (2006天津)
－Did Linda see the traffic accident?? －No, no sooner________ than it happened.A. had she gone? B. she had gone?
C. has she gone??? D. she has goneDA3. Red shows the bravery, revolution, strength and blood of the French, which were all needed to change the country. (P34)1). strength (EFFORT) [U] the ability to do things that need a lot of physical or mental effort: 努力、尽力、力量 She had the strength and stamina to take the lead and win the gold medal.Admitting you've made a mistake is a sign of strength, not weakness.We shall struggle on, drawing our strength from the courage of others.Much of the country's military strength lies in its missile force. strengthen ?? verb [I or T] to make something stronger or more effective 使强壮、加强、巩固 They have been strengthening their border defenses in preparation for war.His battle against cancer has strengthened his belief in God.The accident strengthens the case for better safety measures at fairgrounds.The organization's aim is to strengthen the cultural ties between Britain and Germany. 2). Attributive clause Attributive: A word or word group, such as an adjective, that is placed adjacent to the noun it modifies without a linking verb; for example, pale in the pale girl. While a clause is used as an attributive, it is called attributive clause. 高考链接1.（2006江苏）
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. A. who? B. that? C. as? D. whichD2.（2006湖南）
We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses.
to which? B. to whom?
C. with whom? D. with which
3.（2006陕西）
She was educated at Beijing University, _______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.
A. after that??? B. from that??
C. from which??? D. after whichBD4. （2006山东）
We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.（山东06）A. where?? B. that?? C. when?? D. which
5. (2005广东)
Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _______ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 6. (2005天津)
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _______ effects the people are still suffering.
A. that B. whose C. those D. whatAAB4. In this way, the French Tricolore has become one of the most influential national flags. (P34)1). influential influence ?? noun [C or U] the power to have an effect on people or things影响力；影响 Helen's a bad/good influence on him.Christopher hoped to exert his influence to make them change their minds.At the time she was under the influence of her father. influence verb [T] to affect or change how someone or something develops, behaves or thinks: 影响 She's very good at making friends and influencing people.[+ object + to infinitive] What influenced you to choose a career in nursing? influential ?adjective 有影响力的 She wanted to work for a bigger and more influential (= powerful) newspaper.Johnson was influential (= important) in persuading the producers to put money into the film. 2) Grammar point: Perfective tense A perfective tense used to express action completed in the past; "`I had finished' is an example of the past perfect"高考链接1.（2006江苏）
Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. achieved? B. has achieved?
C. will achieve? D. had achieve2.（2006陕西）
The construction of the two new railway lines _______by now. A. has been completed??? B. have been completedC. has completed????? D. have completed AA3. （2006湖北）
I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. A. has been working????????????? B. will have worked
C. will have been working??????? D. had workedA5. At that time, there were thirteen states, which is far fewer than the fifty that make up today’s USA. (P34)1). make up to form a particular thing, amount or number as a whole: 组成 Road accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospital's patients.The book is made up of a number of different articles. make常用短语及用法:make for somewhere/sth (GO TOWARDS)They made for the centre of town. make for sth (MAKE POSSIBLE) Having faster computers would make for a more efficient system make sth up (INVENT) phrasal verbto invent something, such as an excuse or a story, often in order to deceive: 编造 I made up an excuse about having to look after the kids.My dad was always really good at making up stories. make allowances for To make allowances for someone or their characteristics is to take their characteristics into consideration and not judge them too severely: 考虑到、体谅 You should make allowances for him - he's been quite ill recently. make the best of to make an unsatisfactory situation as pleasant as possible: 充分利用 We'll have to spend the night here, so we might as well make the best of it. make ends meet to have just enough money to pay for the things that you need使收支相平衡make fun of sb/sth to make a joke about someone or something in a way that is not kind: 取笑某人 The other children were always making fun of him because he was fat and wore glasses. make certain/sure to take action so that you are certain that something happens, is true, etc: 确保、务必 I'll just make sure I've turned the oven off.Make certain (that) we have enough drink for the party.
Make sure you're home by midnight.Jones made sure of his place in the side with three fine goals.I think I locked the door but I'll go back and check just to make sure. 2). Comparative and superlative degree of adjective and adverbsComparative degree: expressing a greater degree or “more”, e.g. better, worse, slower, more difficult. Superlative: of adjective s or adverbs expressing the highest or a very high degree, e.g. best, slowest, and most difficult.高考链接1.（2006江苏 ）I wish you’d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.??
a bit less? B. any less?
C. much more? D. a little moreA2.（2006安徽）Of the two sisters, Betty is?________one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
A. a younger??????????????? B. a youngest
C. the younger????????????? D. the youngest3.（2006四川）
-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
-Yes. I’ve never been to?_______?one before. ?A. a more excited? B. the most excited???
C. a more exciting D. the most exciting4.（2006陕西）
I used to earn _______ than a pound a week when I first started work. A. less B. fewer?? ?C. a few???? D. little CCA6. The colonists decided that their freedom was no longer optional and that their independence would not be won by being passive. (P35)1). optional[C or U] one thing which can be chosen from a set of possibilities, or the freedom to make a choice: 选择The best option would be to cancel the trip altogether.There are various options open to someone who is willing to work hard.They didn't leave him much option - either he paid or they'd beat him up. [C] SPECIALIZED the right to buy something in the future: 选择权 The publishers decided not to take up their option on the paperback version. optional ? adjective 可供选择的、可选择的 English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are optional. 2). passive voicea way of structuring a sentence so that the grammatical subject is the person or thing which experiences the effect of an action, rather than the person or thing which causes the effect:When changed into the passive, 'The dog chased the cat' becomes 'The cat was chased by the dog'.高考链接1.（2006江苏）
--- I don’t suppose the police know who did it. --- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.?? A. has been questioned?? B. is being questioned?? C. is questioning? ? D. has questioned2.（2006辽宁）
It is said that the early European playing-cards ____ for entertainment and education.A. were being designed??????B. have designedC. have been designed?????? D. were designed BD3.（2006山东）
Although the causes of cancer ____, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.
are being uncovered??
B. have been uncovering??
C. are uncovering???????
D. have uncovered A7. The thirteen stripes are to remind people of the original thirteen states that joined together to fight for independence form Britain. (P35)1). are to remind people of ……在英语里，“?be?+?to?do?”结构可用来表示将来时间，它的具体用法如下： 1.?表示“按计划、安排（要做某事）”。例如： We?are?to?meet?at?the?school?gate.? （我们将在校门口碰头。） They?are?to?go?travelling?in?August.?（他们计划八月份去旅游。） 　2.?表示“命令”。例如： You?are?to?be?back?before?five?o’clock.?（你须?5?点钟以前回来。） The?room?is?to?be?locked.?（这个房间要上锁。） 　3.?表示“职责”。例如： I’m?to?inform?you?that?the?meeting?will?be?held?in?Wuhan.（我谨通知你会议将在武汉召开。） He?is?to?design?a?new?machine.?（他将设计一台新机器。） 　　4.?表示“目的”。例如： 　　The?prize?was?to?honor?him?for?his?great?discoveries.?（这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。） 5.?表示“用途”。例如： 　A?pen?is?to?write?with.?（钢笔是用来写字的。） 　6.?表示“命中注定”。例如： 　They?were?never?to?meet?again.?（他们注定以后永远不会再见面了。） 　　7.?表示“应该做（某事）”。例如： What?are?we?to?do?next？?（我们下一步应该怎么办？） What?is?to?be?done?when?something?gets?into?your? eyes？（如果你眼睛里进了东西，该怎么办？） 　8.?表示“可能性”。例如： 　It’s?eleven?o’clock?now.?He?is?to?get?to?Mike’s?house.?（现在?11?点了，可能他已经到达迈克的家了。） Let’s?see?who?is?to?win?the?game.?（让我们看看谁会赢得这场比赛。） 　　9.?表示“征求对方的意见”。例如： Am?I?to?go?on?with?the?work？? （这项工作我是不 是接着干下去？） 　When?are?they?to?hand?in?their?plan？（他们的计划什么时候交上来？）? 高考链接1. (NMET'99)
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.? ?A. not make????????????? B. not to make?? ?C. not making??????????? D. do not makeB8. The flag, which could not be further simplified, is red band over a white one, and is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century. (P35)1). date backto have existed a particular length of time or since a particular time:追溯到……时间This tradition dates back to medieval times 2). base sth on sth If you base something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas to develop it: 以……基础The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann. 3). a national flag dating back to the 13th centuryIn this sentence, ing-form is used as an attributive;高考链接1.（2006湖南）
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _____ the desert. A. covering??? B. covered????C. cover?????D. to cover
2.（2006天津）
Don’t respond to any e-mails?_______ personal information, no matter how official they look. A. searching?B. asking?C. requesting?D. questioning AC3.（2006辽宁）
I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most???_____???were from Germany. A. study; of whom?? ????? ?B. study; of themC. studying; of them?????? ?D. studying; of?whom D9. The most common one is that red stands for blood, or things that are physical, while white represents the spiritual.1). spirit (NOT BODY) ?? noun [U] the characteristics of a person that are considered as being separate from the body, and which many religions believe continue to exist after the body dies: 精神 Although he's now living in America, I feel he's with me in spirit spiritual ?? adjective Traditional ways of life fulfilled both economic and spiritual needs. 2). while despite the fact that; although: 尽管 While I accept that he's not perfect in many respects, I do actually quite like the man.While I fully understand your point of view, I do also have some sympathy with Michael's.while (BUT) Tom is very extrovert and confident while Katy's shy and quiet.I do every single bit of housework while he just does the dishes now and again 高考链接1.（2006天津）
The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,??? ?? the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since??????? B. when??????? C. as???????????? D. while
2（2004江苏）
I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless DA3). predicative clause
(In grammar, especially of adjectives or phrases) following a verb such as be, get, become, seem, look. If a clause is used as a predicative, it is called a predicative clause.高考链接1.（2005全国I）
See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning. A. when????????? B. which???????? C. where????????? D. What D2. (2005江苏)
---Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York?
---I agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.
will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
3. (2002 上海)
Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. that C. which D. whyBA10. It can also symbolize the fire that comes from Indonesia’s volcanoes, or the fact that the equator goes through the country. (P35)1) go through the equator goes through the country 通过、穿过go常用短语及用法go against sth/sb phrasal verb to oppose or disagree with something or someone反对 Public opinion is going against the government on this issue.What you're asking me to do goes against everything I believe in. go ahead phrasal verb to start to do something: 开始做、继续 I got so fed up with waiting for him to do it that I just went ahead and did it myself. "Could I ask you a rather personal question?" "Sure, go ahead." go for sth (LIKE) phrasal verb I don't go for war films in a big way (= very much).What sort of men do you go for (are you attracted to)? go in for sth (ENJOY) phrasal verb to do something regularly, or to enjoy something爱好 I've never really gone in for classical music, but I love jazz. go over sth (EXAMINE) phrasal verb to examine or look at something in a careful or detailed way: 检查、复习 Forensic scientists are going over the victim's flat in a search for clues about the murderer.I've gone over the problem several times, but I can't think of a solution. go through sth (EXPERIENCE) phrasal verb to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation经历、体验 I've been going through a bad patch recently.You'd think his children would be more sympathetic towards him after all he's gone through go without (sth) phrasal verb to not have something or to manage to live despite not having something: 将就着过 If you don't want fish for dinner, then you'll just have to go without!I'd rather go without food than work for him. go wrong to make a mistake: 出问题 These shelves are very easy to put together - you can't go wrong.I thought I'd done this correctly, I just can't understand where I've gone wrong. 高考链接（2006广东）
The traffic lights?______?green and I pulled away. ?A. came????????????? B. grew???????? C. got????? D. wentD11. It will also make it more interesting to read because you can compare your own knowledge with the new information you learnt from the article. (P35)1). compare (EXAMINE DIFFERENCES) ??to examine or look for the difference between two or more things: 比较、对比 That seems expensive - have you compared prices in other shops?Compare some recent work with your older stuff and you'll see how much you've improved.Children seem to learn more interesting things compared to/with when we were at school. comparative ?? adjective comparing different things: 可比的、相对的 She's carrying out a comparative study of health in inner cities and rural areas. comparatively ?adverb as compared to something else: 可比较的 We couldn't afford it and yet we're comparatively well-off (= we are richer than most people).Comparatively speaking, this machine is easy to use. comparison ? when two or more people or things are compared: 比较、对比 They made a comparison of different countries' eating habits.By/In comparison with the French, the British eat far less fish. 2). The usage of “it” It is used as a formal object; the real object of the sentence is to read.高考链接1.（2006湖南）
As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. A. this??? ?B. that????????????? ?C. one????????????? ?D. it
2.（2006浙江）
_______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. ? A. As ?B. That? C. This? D. It DD3.（2006全国I）
If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night. A. so???????????? B. that????????? C. it????????????? D. them
4.（2006山东）
I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that?? B. it?? C. this?? D. you
5. (2005全国I/II)
The chairman thought _______ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A. that B. it C. this D. him CBBHomework:
1. Read the text again and again. Try to
memorize the language points.
2. Part A1 and A2 on page 118 in Workbook to practice using the words and phrases learnt in the reading section.