人教新课标必修四：Unit4 Body language课件（72张ppt）

(共72张PPT)
Unit 4
Body language
高一必修4
1. ____________ vt. 代表; 象征
2. ____________ vt. & vi. 接近; 靠近; 走近
n. 接近; 方法; 途径
3. ____________ adj. 主要的
4. ____________ n. 成人; 成年人
adj. 成人的; 成熟的
represent
approach
major
adult
5. ___________ adj. 可能的
6. ___________ n. 作用; 功能; 职能
vi. 起作用; 运转
7. ___________ n. 安逸; 舒适
vt. 减轻(痛苦, 忧虑)
8. ___________ adj. 主观的
likely
function
ease
subjective
9. ____________ n. 陈述; 说明
____________ vt. 陈述;说明
10. ___________ n. 社团; 联系; 联想 ___________ vt. 把……联系起来
11. ___________ adj. 好奇的
___________ adv. 好奇地
___________ n. 好奇心
statement
state
association
associate
curious
curiously
curiosity
12. _____________ vt. 保护; 保卫
_____________ n. 防御; 保卫
13. _____________ vt. 误解; 误会
_____________ n. 误解; 误会
14. _____________ adj. 口语的
_____________ adj. 未说出口的;
非口语的
defend
defence
misunderstand
misunderstanding
spoken
unspoken
1. _________________ 保卫……以免受
2. _________________ 很可能……; 有希望……
3. _________________ 总的来说; 通常
4. _________________ 舒适; 快活; 自由自在
5. _________________ 丢脸
6. _________________ 背对
7. _________________ 以……为基础
8. _________________ 小心
defend against/from
be likely to
in general
at ease
lose face
turn one’s back to
be based on
watch out
be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
e.g. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.
1. mis-前缀, 加在动词之前, 表否定
① misunderstand 误解
② miscount 数错
③ mishear 误听
④ misjudge 误判
⑤ mislead 误导
⑥ misread 误看
⑦ misreport 误报
⑧ misspell 拼写错
2. “v.+ against”类短语集萃
① stand against 反抗; 反对; 站起来反对
② guard against 防止; 提防; 防备
③ act against 违反; 违背
④ vote against 投票反对
与身势语相关的语块
fold arms 双臂交叉置于胸前
mind your posture 注意姿态
Every part of your body can speak!
你身体的每个部分都会说话！
In North America, people who are facing each other generally want about three feet of space in front of them.
在北美，人们面对面交谈时要保留三英尺左右的距离。
In some countries, looking at someone in the eye / making eye contact with others is considered rude.
在某些国家，直视对方的眼睛会被认为是无礼的表现。
People may bite their nails when they are nervous.
有的人在紧张的时候可能会咬指甲。
He made a low bow to us.
他向我们深深鞠了一躬。
If the client is leaning back, she / he is probably seeing your plan from a distance.
如果你的客户身体向后倾斜，表明她/他对你的计划存审视态度。
In China, people don't kiss or hug each other, except their lovers.
在中国，除了自己的爱人，人们很少亲吻或拥抱其他人。
Japanese men greet each other by bowing.
日本人见面时总是鞠躬致意。
Crossing one's legs in the United States is a sign of being relaxed.
在美国，双腿交叉表示很放松。
When you don't know much about other cultures, the simplest thing can offend someone.
当你对另一种文化缺乏了解的时候，即使是最简单的举止也会冒犯到别人。
She avoided making eye contact with us while she talked.
在谈话中她总是回避和我们目光交流。
1. represent vt. 代表; 描绘; 体现; 象征; 宣称;
说明; 使明白
【教材原句】Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
昨天，我和另一个同学代表我们大学的学生会，去首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。
【归纳】
represent … as ... 把……描绘成
represent sb. to do sth. 代表某人做某事
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事; 向某
人传达某事
【拓展】
representation n. 代表（指行为）；
表现，描绘
representative n. 代表（指人），代理人
adj. 有代表性的，典型的
a representative of… ……的代表
【语境应用】根据括号内的汉语意思补全下面
句子（每空一词）。
1) Mr. Smith was chosen to ________ ________ ________ (代表这家公司) at the meeting.
2) I want to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (向你陈述原因) for my being late.
3) Can you tell me ________ ________ ________ ________ (这个符号代表什么)
represent this
represent the reason
what this mark
company
to you
represents
语法填空
4) “The indicates that there is a certain way quantity is ___________(represent) in their brains,” Dr. Livingstone says. (2019 全国卷Ⅲ)
represented
2. approach v. 接近; 靠近; 走近
n. 接近; 方法; 途径
【教材原句】 Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek！
托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，并亲了亲她的脸！
【归纳】
1) approach sb. for sth. /about sth.
要求某人（做）……
be approaching 快到了；正在接近
2) at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make an approach/ approaches to
接近；逼近；交涉；对……进行探讨
approach to 接近，近似，约等于；
(做某事)的方法(途径)
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) ___________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
2) At the meeting they discussed three different approaches __________ the study of mathematics.
单词拼写
3) She also ___________(靠近) dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. (2019 北京)
Approaching
to
approached
① 表达“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：
the approach to (doing) sth.
the way to do/of (doing) sth.
the means of (doing) sth.
the method of (doing) sth.
② 分别与不同的介词搭配：
with this method, in this way, by this means
approach way means method
四者都有“方式”“方法”“途径”之意
【语境应用】用approach/way/means/method的
适当形式填空。
1) He told me a new _________ to the study of English.
2) You must solve this problem with different _________.
3) The blocks are raised by ________ of pulleys (滑轮).
4) There are several possible ________ of payment.
approach
methods
means
ways
3. defence n. 防御; 保卫
【教材原句】she stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.
她向后退（了几步），显得很吃惊，并且举起手，好像在防御。
【归纳】
in defence of 为了保卫；辩护
come to sb.’s defence 帮助(保护)某人
in self defence 出于自卫
in sb.’s / sth.’s defence
为……辩护; 在……的防备下
【拓展】
1) defend vt. 保护；保卫
defend sb./ sth. from/ against sb. /sth.
保护某人(某物)免受伤害; 保卫某人 (某物)
defend oneself against sth. 为自己辩护
2) defender n. 后卫，防守队员；保护人
【语境应用】用适当词填空或完成句子。
1) She had to defend herself _________ the guard dog.
2) The duty of a soldier is to ___________________ (保卫国家)．
3) All I can say, ___________ my actions, is that I had little choice.
我只能以别无选择来为自己的行为辩解。
against
defend his country
in defence of
5. function n. 功能; 作用; 机能
vi. 运行; 起作用
【教材原句】The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and put people at ease!
最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑—其作用是表示快乐和安人心静！
【拓展】
function as 起……作用; 具有……的功能
functional adj. 实用的
【语境应用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句
子（每空一词）。
1) You’ll soon learn ________ ________ ________ ________ (这个机器是如何运转的).
2) When her mother was ill, the girl had to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (既当厨师又当护士).
3) What is the ________ ________ ________ ________ (教育真正的作用)
how the machine
function as both cook
true function of
functions
and nurse
education
1. in general 总的说来; 通常
【教材原句】In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!
总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。
【归纳】
as a general rule 一般而言；通常
generally speaking 总的来说; 一般来说
【拓展】
表示“总而言之”的其他表达：
in short; on the whole; in a word;
to sum up; all in all
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) __________ (general) speaking, about 10% of the candidates are eventually offered positions.
2) By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood, ____________(通常), you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.
(2018 浙江)
Generally
in general
2. at ease 舒适; 快活; 自由自在
【教材原句】The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.
最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑—其作用是表示快乐和安人心静！
【拓展】
ease n. 舒适，安逸 v.减轻，缓解
1) with ease 轻易地; 毫不费力地
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
put/set sb at (one’s) ease 使某人放松、松弛
take one’s ease 休息; 轻松一下
2) ease sb. of sth. 减轻(消除)某人(痛苦)
ease the pain / stress 减轻痛苦/压力
ease sb. into sth. 使某人熟悉（新工作等）
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) He was very smart and passed the exam with ease.
______________________________________
2) I gave him some medicine to ease the pain.
______________________________________
3) He tried his best to appear at ease.
______________________________________
他很聪明，轻而易举地就通过了考试。
我给了他一些药来缓解疼痛。
他尽全力让自己显得自在。
3. lose face 丢脸
【教材原句】There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “lose face” and smiles to hide it.
还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子” 就会用微笑来掩饰。
【拓展】
1) n. 脸；表面；表情；(物质的)表面
in (the) face of 面对; 在……情况下
face to face 面对面地
make a face/faces 做鬼脸
save one’s face 保住面子
read one’s face 观察某人的脸色
2) vt. 面临（困难等）；面对；面向
face danger/difficulties 面对危险/困难
be faced with... 面临; 面对
【语境应用】用face的相关短语填空。
1) ________ with so much difficulty, we didn’t lose heart.
2) I’ve never met her ____________. We’ve only talked on the phone.
3) ____________ of danger, the policeman showed great bravery.
face to face
Faced
In the face
be likely to do sth. 很可能/有希望做…
【教材原句】However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. 不过来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会（用身体）接触对方。
【归纳】
句中be likely to do...表示“很可能/有希望做…”, 其主语是sb./sth. 即构成“sb./sth. is likely to do sth”这一句型, 也可以使用“It is likely that...”句型, 但不能说“It is likely for sb. to do sth.”。
e.g. It is likely that they will go to Italy for their
honeymoon. ＝
They will be likely to go to Italy for their
honeymoon.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are _________(可能) to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. (2019 全国卷Ⅰ)
2) These developments __________(可能) make our current problems with robocalls much worse. (2019 北京)
likely
are likely to
likely 指从外表、迹象上进行判断, 有可能发生，既可以用人也可以用物作主语, 常用句型是: It is likely that...或sb./ sth. is likely to...
possible 指客观上有可能, 但往往含有希望很小的意味; 不能用人作主语, 常用句型有: It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或 It is possible that...
probable 可能性比possible大, 表示“很可能, 十有八九”。不能用人作主语, 常用句型有: It is probable (for sb.) to do sth. 或
It is probable that...
likely possible probable
【语境应用】完成句子。
如果继续吸烟，你的身体可能会很差。
_______________________________ you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
You ______________ suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
It is likely / possible / probable that
will be likely to
动词-ing形式作定语
★单个的动词-ing形式作定语常位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰成分的性质或用途，也可以表示被修饰成分的动作或状态。如：
The experiment was an amazing success.
You can find Jennifer in the reading room.
Children in many developing countries can't get basic medical care.
They quickly moved the sleeping man out of the prison.
★动词-ing形式还可用在名词后作定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。如：
The village is made up of 490 families belonging (= who belong) to five nationalities.
Do you know the woman talking (= who is talking) to Jim
【拓展】 动词-ing形式的被动式（being done）也可作定语，表示正在发生的被动动作。如：
We must keep the things being discussed a secret.
I knew nothing about the experiment being performed there.
★动词-ing形式作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式、让步或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
Hearing the news, students all jumped with joy.
动词-ing形式作状语
Working hard, you’ll certainly make your dream come true.
Seeing nobody in the office, I decided to leave them a note.
The child fell, striking his head against the door.
Please fill in the blanks using the proper words below.
Knowing all this, they still made me pay for the damage.
She went out of the room, taking the flowers with her.
★动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。如：
Having finished his homework, David went to bed.
Having lived there for ten years, I knew the place very well.
★动词-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加not。Not seeing Susan, I asked where she was.
Not having done it right, he tried again.
★动词-ing形式作状语，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。
John hurt his leg while playing football.
The woman stopped for a while as if waiting for a reply.
【语境应用】选择括号内合适的内容填空。
1. Clean the desk, Peter! Don't just stand there ________(doing, to do) nothing!
2. Joe hurt his knee ________ (playing, to play) football, so he isn't able to take part in the sports meet tomorrow.
3. Not ________ (knowing, to know) what to do, I called my friend to ask her for advice.
4. While ________ (walking, to walk) to school, they saw many beautiful flowers.
doing
playing
knowing
walking
5. _____________ (Having spent, Spent) most of his life in London, Sam has now gone to live in a small village.
6. The boy ________ (injuring, injured) in the accident was taken to the hospital immediately.
7. The man ________ (sitting, to sit) next to me on the plane was asleep most of the time.
8. The paintings ________ (stolen, stealing) from the museum haven't been found yet.
9. The waiting room was empty except for an old man ________ (sitting, to sit) in the corner ________ (reading, to read) a magazine.
Having spent
injured
sitting
stolen
sitting
reading
1. Nervously _________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (2019 北京)
2. When we got a call _________(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. (2019 新课标Ⅱ)
facing
saying
3. Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ________ (order) what she thought was necessary.
(2018 天津)
ordering
4. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ________ (exceed) the expected number of12,000 held by market analysts.
(2018 江苏)
exceeding
5. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated. (2017天津)
6. Many Chinese brands, _______________ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. (2017江苏)
allowing
having developed
7. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ (turn) the old town into a dreamland. (2016北京)
8. The cooling win swept through our bedroom windows, ________ (make) air conditioning unnecessary. (2016天津)
turning
making
Another student and I, __________ (represent) our university’s student association, went to the airport 2. __________ (meet) some international students 3. __________ were coming to study at Beijing University. Not all people 4. _________ different cultures greet each other in 5. ________ same way. 6. __________ (have) international friends has helped me to learn more about this cultural “body language”. People communicate
Ⅰ.课文语法填空。
representing
to meet
who
from
the
Having
with each other 7. _________ (use) spoken language as well as unspoken “language” through physical 8. _________ (distant), actions or posture. These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways 9. _________ cultures have developed. Studying them can help us 10. _________ (avoid) difficulties in today’s global society.
using
distance
how
(to) avoid
Ⅱ. 课文短文改错。
Body language is one of most powerful
means of communication. People around the
world show all kind of feelings, wishes and
attitudes what they might never speak aloud. It
is impossible to “read” others around us, even if
they do not intend for us to catch his unspoken
communication. The most universal facial
the
kinds
that
possible
their
expression is the smile—its function is to show
happy and put people at ease. It does not
always mean that we are true happy, however.
There are unhappy smile, such as when
someone “lose face” and smiles to hide from it.
However, the general purpose of smiling are to
show good feelings.
happiness
truly
smiles
is
1. 当来自法国的Darlene Coulon从门口匆忙进来时，她认出了Tony Garcia’s 的微笑面孔。
When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face.
2. 这样的雪天很可能会出交通事故。
Road accidents are likely to happen in such snowy weather.
Ⅲ. 用本单元词汇和句式完成句子。
3. 他递给她一杯咖啡，让她放松下来。
He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease.
4. 总的来说，他的作品非常不错，但是这篇文章实在没法接受。
In general his work is very good, but this essay is really unacceptable.
如何用英语写慰问信
【写作任务】
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Amy 不幸染上传
染病（infectious disease），在医院接受隔离治疗。请你用英语给她写一封慰问信，要点包括：
1. 表示同情；2. 给予安慰；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100 左右（开头和结尾已给出，但
不计入总词数）；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
一、审题定调
本写作任务要求写一封慰问信，它是一种应用
文体，用于向收信人表示关怀和问候。写慰问信时要注意态度诚恳、真切，语气诚挚。
写慰问信时，时态以一般过去时和一般现在时
为主，人称主要用第一人称或第二人称。
二、谋篇布局
本写作任务开头和结尾已给出，所以我们只需
写出正文部分即可。正文可分以下三部分来写：
第一部分：引入话题（表示同情）；
第二部分：给予安慰；
第三部分：总结全文（表达祝愿）。
【范文展示】
普通范文
Dear Amy,
I am very sorry to hear that you got an infectious disease and are being treated in hospital.
But don't worry about it. As far as I know, the
virus is not so terrible and the disease can be cured in a short time. Besides, many skilled doctors have come to help, and it can make more patients receive timely and effective treatment.
What you need to do is cooperate with the doctors and keep an optimistic attitude. Please let me know if you need any help.
I hope you will get well soon and get back to
your normal life.
Yours,
Li Hua
高级范文
Dear Amy,
It was a shock for me to hear the tragic news
that you were infected with an infectious disease and are being treated in hospital.
However, it is unnecessary to worry about the
disease, which can be cured in a short time. As far as I know, medical experts have been sent to your
hospital, which will enable more patients to receive timely and effective treatment.
Anyway, you can do nothing but cooperate with the doctors and keep an optimistic attitude. Don't hesitate to contact me if you need any help.
I wish you a speedy recovery and early discharge from hospital.
Yours,
Li Hua