初一（下）英语三种基本句型专项练习题
一、请判断下列句子的结构类型：
1.He is running.
2.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.
3.She seemed angry.
4.My father bought me a beautiful present.
5.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.
6.Can you push the window open？
二、用所学的句型造句：
A：1．正在下着雨。
2．我的哥哥很用功。
3．我每天早晨六点钟起床。
4．日出于东而没于西。
5．比尔和吉姆每天都一起读书一起玩。
B：1．我的名字是汤姆。
2．约翰和玛丽是同班同学。
3．你准备好了吗？
5．你的梦想一定能实现的。
6．这些玫瑰看起来很美。
C：1．现在我们正在学习英语。
2．海伦做她的课外作业都很小心。
3．昨天你看到他了吗？
4．我们的英语老师林先生会说英语和日语。
5．大部分的小孩都爱阅读故事。
D：
1．她的伯父昨天给了她一件很好的礼物。
2．请给我们一些吃的东西。
3．这位老师常给这些男、女生讲有趣的故事。
4．她的父亲上星期买了一只新的手表给他。
5．我的美国朋友比尔在几天前写了一封信给我。
三、将下列五种基本句型构成的句子译为汉语。
1．Do you know her younger sister
2．I got home after dark yesterday.
3．Bill always does very well at school.
4．What pet do you keep
5. There were some students reading in the classroom then.
6．Amy always helps her mother after school.
7．Tom often makes his teacher angry.
8．Did you see anyone go into that house
9．Helen looks very happy today.
10. I was born in a little town in the south of Taiwan.(共43张PPT)
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英语句子成分分析
一个句子一般由两部分构成，
即主语部分和谓语部分，
这两部分也叫做句子的
主要成分。
句子的次要成分
包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。
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1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，
常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如：
Students study.
We are friends.
这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。
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2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如：
Students study. (学生学习。)
We are friends. (我们是朋友)
这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，它们在句中作谓语。
1.汽车停了。
2.他来了。
3.她离开了。
4.我的右手受伤了。
5.他们幸福得生活着。
6.太阳每天升起。
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3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后，动宾或介宾。如：
They like apples. ( 他们喜欢苹果。)
I play with him. (我和他一起玩。)
1.他给了我一些鲜花。
2.我可以说一点英语。
3.我们为了人民学习。
4.我们喜欢英语。
5.他喜欢看电视。
6.她们在寻找自由。
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4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词担任。形容词放在名词之前。如：
This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.)
He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。）
这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。
1.他是个新生。
2.穿蓝衣的女的是我阿姨。
3.那个大房间满是人。
4.桌子上的书是法语书。
5.她带着大眼镜。
6.留着长发的女孩是我最好的朋友。
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1.他住在伦敦。
2.今天太冷了。
3.我认真学习因为我想上大学。
4.如果你喜欢，就去做吧。
5.当你努力学习，你将有一个美好的未来。
6.她静悄悄地走进了房间。
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1.be动词
2.持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay等.
3.表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem,look等；
4.感官系动词：表示“……起来”,有feel(摸起来,感觉) ,smell(闻起来) ,sound(听起来) ,taste(尝起来,吃起来) 等；
5.变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样,主要become,grow,turn,get,go,come等；
6.终止系动词：主要有prove,turn out(结果是,证明是) 等。
1.我是中国人。
2.他总是保持沉默。
3.他看起来很欢乐。
4.这食物很好吃。
5.他疯了。
6.结果很好。
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1．昨晚我写了一封信。
2．今天下午我想同你谈谈。
3．这本书他读过多次了
4．那位先生能说三种语言。
I wrote a letter
last night.
I want to talk with you
this afternoon.
He has read this book
many times.
That gentleman can speak three languages.
巩固练习：
五种基本句型
（１）主＋谓 They laughed.
（２）主＋谓＋宾
I mailed the letter.
（３）主＋谓＋宾＋宾 He gave me a new bicycle .
（４）主＋系＋表 He is a student.
（５）主＋谓＋宾＋宾补
The sun keeps us warm.
I heard him singing.
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英语基本句型-1
主谓结构
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英语基本句型-1主谓结构
本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
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Ｓ Ｖ （不及物动词）
1. Time
2. The moon
3. The man
4. We all
5. Everybody
6. I
7. They
8. He
9.He
10.They flies.
rose.
cooked.
eat, and drink.
laughed
woke.
talked for half an hour.
walked yesterday
is playing
have gone
(主语+不及物动词)扩展和修饰
The boy spoke to his teacher.
The little boy spoke loudly to his teacher.
The boy named Tom spoke to his math teacher in a low voice.
The little boy called Tom spoke to his Chinese teacher.
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yesterday evening.
two hours.
in the past ten years.
in 1919.
1．她昨天回家很晚。
2．会议将持续两个小时。
3．在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
4．1919年，（在）北京爆发了“五.四”运动。
She went home
very late
The meeting will last
Great changes have taken place
in my home town
The May Fourth Movement broke out
in Beijing
巩固练习：
英语基本句型-2主谓宾结构
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此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
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Ｓ Ｖ（实义动词） Ｏ(宾语)
1. Who
2. She
3. He
8. He
5. They
6. Danny
7. I
4. He knows
laugh at
understands
made
ate
likes
want
said the answer
her.
English.
cakes.
some apples.
donuts.
to have a cup of tea.
"Good morning."
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宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。
如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall.
2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.
3. They haven’t decided where to go next.
4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.
5. It took them ten years to build the dam.
6. Mother promises to give me a present.
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作宾语的词：
1，名词 I don’t know him.
2, 代词 He refused to support us.
3, 反身代词 Please express yourself
in your own words.
4 ,不定式 We managed to put the fire out
in time.
5, 动名词 She avoided answering
their questions.
6，从句 She found that she
was in prison the next morning.
7,wh-词 + to do
I don’t know what to do with this issue.
(主语+及物动词+宾语)扩展和修饰
I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.
Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.
Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday, which disappointed my mum so much.
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英语基本句型3
双宾语结构
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英语基本句型3 双宾语结构
说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人） +直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：
He brings me cookies every day.
但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：
He brings cookies to me every day.
She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。
用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。
常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；
（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。
(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
扩展和修饰
Grandma told me a story.
As expected, Grandma told me a story .
Grandma told me a story for the purpose of cheering me up.
Grandma told me one story after another in the hope of cheering me up.
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1．Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。
2．奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
3．请把那本字典递给我好吗？
4．他把车票给列车员看。
Mr Johnson taught us German
last year.
Grandma told me an interesting story
last night.
Would you please pass me the dictionary
He showed the ticket to the conductor.
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5．我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？
6．新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。
7．他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣
Shall I call you a taxi
The new machine will save you a lot of labour.
He bought a new coat for his mother
with his first month’s salary.
英语基本句型-4
主系表结构
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英语基本句型-4主系表结构
本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:
1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;
2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;
3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
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Our English teacher is thirty years old.
The cake tastes delicious.
We feel used to living in big cities.
The potatoes went bad in the fields.
Their boss seems satisfied with the work.
Deep water stays still.
(主语+连系动词+表语)扩展和修饰
The soup tastes good.
To our surprise, The soup tastes good.
The soup tastes good,which is beyond our expectation.
Frankly speaking, The soup tastes good.
To be honest, The soup tastes so good as to surprise everyone.
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巩固练习：
1．冬季白天短，夜晚长
2．十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。
3．孩子们很少保持安静。
4．她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.
At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.
Children seldom keep quiet.
Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.
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5．他失业了。
6．树叶已经变黄了
7．这个报告听起来很有意思
He is out of work.
The leaves have turned yellow.
The report sounds interesting.
英语基本句型5
复合宾语结构
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英语基本句型5主谓宾宾补
说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：
The sun keeps us warm.
I heard him singing.
You must get your hair cut.
They made Tom monitor.
He used to do his homework with his radio on.
用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：
I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
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巩固练习：
1．我们叫她Alice.
2．我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
3．他们把小偷释放了。
4．我要你把真相告诉我。
5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。
6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。
7．他每个月理一次发
8．我们不会让她在晚上外出的。
We call her Alice.
All of us considered him honest.
They have set the thief free.
I want you to tell me the truth.
The guards ordered us to leave at once.
Every morning we hear him read English aloud.
He has his hair cut once a month.
We won’t let her go out at night.
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9．那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了
10．她正在听人家讲故事。
11．我从来没看见这个字这样用过。
12．他感到很难跟你交谈。
13．我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。
14．学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。
The terrible sound made the children frightened.
She is listening to someone telling stories.
I have never seen the word used that way before.
He felt it very difficult to talk with you.
I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.
The school made it a rule that the students
should stand up when class begins.
